JPH0431759Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Technical field] This invention relates to a lighting device used for various decorative lighting, displays, and signs, and involves sequentially and repeatedly lighting multiple lighting loads such as incandescent lamps and discharge lamps. This relates to a flashing type lighting device.

[Background technology]

FIG. 7 shows a circuit diagram of a conventional lighting device. In Figure 7, 1 is a commercial power source, 2, 3, 4
are the lighting loads such as incandescent lamps, 12 and 1, respectively.
3 and 14 are relay contacts, respectively, and 8A is a control circuit.

The control circuit 8A includes a power supply circuit including a power transformer T, a diode bridge DB, and a smoothing capacitor _C1 , a relaxation oscillation circuit including resistors _R1 to _R4 , a capacitor _C2 , and an N-gate thyristor (PUT) _Q1 , A ring counter configured using a shift register, a buffer circuit consisting of resistors R ₅ to _{R 7} and transistors Q ₂ to _{Q 4} , relay coils RY ₁ to RY ₃ , and diodes D ₁ to _{D 6} ,
It consists of switch S.

In the above configuration, when the commercial power supply 1 is turned on, power is supplied to the control circuit 8A, the power supply circuit is activated, and the capacitor _C2 is charged via the resistor _R1 . Since the gate terminal of N-gate thyristor _Q1 is fixed at the potential divided by resistors _R2 and _R3 ,
When the potential of capacitor _C2 exceeds the gate potential, N-gate thyristor _Q1 becomes conductive, releases the charge in capacitor _C2 , and becomes non-conductive again. By repeating this operation, relaxation oscillation operation is performed. . This signal becomes a clock pulse for the ring counter, and the output of the ring counter is sequentially switched each time a clock pulse is input. This output drives the buffer circuit and relay
When the excitation coils RY ₁ to RY ₃ are excited in order, the relay contacts 12 to 14 are sequentially turned on, and the lighting loads 2 to 4 can be sequentially switched on and lit.

In addition, the diodes D ₄ to D ₆ and the switch S are as follows.
This is a switching circuit between sequential lighting and batch lighting. When the switch S is turned on, all the excitation coils of the relays RY ₁ to RY ₃ are energized, resulting in the batch lighting state. When the switch S is opened, the sequential lighting state described above is achieved.

FIG. 8 shows a circuit diagram of another conventional lighting device. This control device includes the relay in FIG.
_RY1 to _RY3 and their relay contacts 12 to 14 are replaced with thyristors 5 to 7, resistors 9 to 11, and resistors _R8 to _R10 , and the other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG. 7. Note that 8B is a control circuit.

In the conventional examples shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 described above, in the sequential lighting mode, it is sufficient to selectively energize the excitation coils of relays RY ₁ to RY ₃ or the gate circuits of thyristors 5 to 7. In the batch lighting mode, all of the excitation coils of relays RY ₁ to RY ₃ or all of the gate circuits of thyristors 5 to 7 must be energized at the same time, and the control circuit when lighting loads 2 to 4 are turned on all at once. 8A,
There was a problem that the loss of 8B was large. This problem becomes more serious as the number of lighting load lamps increases, and since they are turned on all at once, the power supply capacity of the control circuit 8 has to be increased, leading to an increase in the size and cost of the entire device.

[Purpose of invention]

The purpose of this invention is to provide a lighting device that can reduce loss in a control circuit when lighting a plurality of lighting loads at once.

[Disclosure of invention]

The lighting device of this invention includes a plurality of lighting loads, a plurality of thyristors that respectively intermittent power supply to the plurality of lighting loads, and a gate signal that is sequentially and selectively applied to the plurality of thyristors within a half cycle period of a power supply voltage. and a second mode that selectively sequentially applies gate signals to the plurality of thyristors during a period exceeding half a cycle of the power supply voltage; and a switch for switching between the second mode and the second mode.

According to the configuration of this invention, the control circuit is set to the first mode by switching the switch, and gate signals are sequentially and selectively applied to the plurality of thyristors within a period of half a cycle of the power supply voltage. Ba,
Due to the holding action of the thyristors, if a gate signal is input to each thyristor once during a half cycle period of the power supply voltage, each thyristor will remain in the on state until the half cycle period ends. lighting loads will be turned on all at once.

On the other hand, if the control circuit is set to the second mode and gate signals are sequentially and selectively given to the plurality of thyristors during a period exceeding a half cycle of the power supply voltage, the plurality of lighting loads can be sequentially and selectively applied. It will be lit.

In this way, since we have adopted a configuration in which the repetition period of the control circuit is switched, even when lighting multiple lighting loads at once, the gate signal is only selectively supplied from the control circuit to the multiple thyristors. The loss of the control circuit in the case of sequential lighting does not increase compared to that in the case of sequential lighting, and the loss of the control circuit in the case of batch lighting can be reduced compared to the conventional example.

Embodiment The first embodiment of this invention is shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2A,
This will be explained based on FIG. 2B. This lighting device is
As shown in FIG. 1, lighting loads 2 to 4, such as incandescent lamps, are supplied with power from a commercial power source 1, and a plurality of thyristors (such as triacs) 5 to 7 each cut off and on the power supply to the plurality of lighting loads 2 to 4. , multiple thyristors 5 to 5 within a half cycle of the power supply voltage.
A control circuit 8C having a first mode in which gate signals are sequentially selectively applied to the thyristors 5 to 7 and a second mode in which gate signals are sequentially and selectively applied to the plurality of thyristors 5 to 7 during a period exceeding half a cycle of the power supply voltage. and a switch SW for switching between the first mode and the second mode in this control circuit 8C.

With this configuration, the switch SW
If the control circuit 8C is set to the first mode by switching, and gate signals are sequentially and selectively given to the plurality of thyristors 5 to 7 within a half cycle period of the power supply voltage, the thyristors 5 to 7 Due to the holding effect, if a gate signal is input to each thyristor 5 to 7 once during a half cycle period of the power supply voltage, each thyristor 5 to 7 will maintain the on state until the half cycle period ends. , Therefore, a plurality of lighting loads 2 to 4 are turned on at once.

On the other hand, if the control circuit 8C is set to the second mode and gate signals are sequentially and selectively given to the plurality of thyristors 5 to 7 during a period exceeding half a cycle of the power supply voltage, the plurality of lighting loads 2 to 4 will be sequentially and selectively lit.

This lighting device will be explained in detail below. As shown in FIG. 1, this lighting device connects lighting loads 2 to 4 such as incandescent lamps to a commercial power source 1 using thyristors 5 to 4.
7 respectively, each thyristor 5 to 7
Resistors 9 to 11 are connected between the gate terminal and _T1 terminal, respectively, and a control circuit 8 is connected to the thyristors 5 to 7.
Gate signals are sequentially and selectively applied by C.

The control circuit 8C is operated by being supplied with power from the commercial power supply 1, and is composed of a power supply circuit, a relaxation oscillation circuit, a ring counter, and a buffer circuit.

The power supply circuit consists of a power transformer T, a diode bridge DB, and a smoothing capacitor _C1 ,
The commercial power supply voltage V _AC is step-down rectified and further smoothed to create a DC voltage.

The relaxation oscillation circuit consists of an N-gate thyristor Q ₁ ,
Resistor R ₁ ~ R ₄ , capacitor C ₂ , C ₃ , switch SW
If the switch SW is off when DC voltage is applied from the power supply circuit, the resistor R ₁
A clock pulse is generated at a time determined by the time constant of the resistor _R1 and capacitors _C2 and _C3.If the switch SW is on, a clock pulse is generated at a time determined by the time constant of _the resistor R1 and capacitors C2 and C3. Become. In this case, the capacitance of capacitor _C2 is set small, the pulse period when the switch SW is off is sufficiently short compared to the power supply half-wave time, and the trigger signal is sent to each thyristor 5 to 7 at least once during the power supply half-cycle. You have the time to give. In addition, the capacitance of capacitor _C3 is set large, and the pulse period when the switch SW is turned on is sufficiently long compared to the half-wave time of the power supply, so that the blinking of lighting loads 2 to 4 can be visually seen. The time can be set arbitrarily by changing the capacitance of capacitor _C3 .

The ring counter is composed of a three-stage shift register, and each time a clock pulse from the relaxation oscillation circuit is input to clock terminal c, an output terminal is
One of O ₁ , O ₂ , and O ₃ is repeatedly raised to a high level in sequence.

The buffer circuit is composed of transistors _Q2 to Q4 and resistors _R5 to _R10 , and is turned on and off according to the outputs of the output terminals _O1 to _O3 of the ring counter, and provides gate signals to the thyristors 5 to 7.

Next, the operation will be explained. First, when the switch SW is on (the control circuit 8C is in the second mode), the capacitor _C3 is connected and the pulse period of the relaxation oscillation circuit is _long . circuit clock pulse
V _P is generated once for multiple power supply cycles as shown in FIG. 2A and B, and this clock pulse V _P causes the output terminals O ₁ ,
The output levels of O ₂ and O ₃ are switched sequentially. and,
The output of this ring counter is sent to the thyristors 5 to 7 through the buffer circuit as shown in FIG.
Gate currents I _G1 , I _G2 , and I _G3 flow as shown in E.
As a result, the thyristors 5 to 7 are turned on repeatedly in sequence, voltages V _L1 to V _L3 are sequentially and repeatedly applied to the lighting loads 2 to 4, and the lighting loads 2 to 4 are repeatedly turned on in sequence. This is the sequential lighting mode.

When the switch SW is off (control circuit 8C is in the first mode), capacitor _C3 is disconnected,
The pulse period of the relaxation oscillation circuit is short, and Fig. 2BA
With respect to the power supply voltage V _AC , the clock pulse V _P of the relaxation oscillator circuit is generated many times per half cycle of the power supply cycle as shown in Fig. 2B, and this clock pulse V _P causes the output terminal O of the ring counter to The output levels of ₁ , O ₂ and O ₃ are switched sequentially.
The output of the ring counter causes gate currents I _G1 , I _G2 , and I _{G3 to flow through the buffer circuits to the thyristors 5 to 7 many times within a half cycle of the power supply, as shown in C, D, and E of FIG. 2B} . By this,
Thyristors 5 to 7 become conductive in sequence. However, once the thyristors 5 to 7 are turned on, they are not cut off unless the anode current becomes equal to or less than the holding current, so they maintain the conduction state until the zero cross point of a half cycle of the power supply. Therefore, if the period of the clock pulse V _P is short enough, triaxes 5 to 7 can be made almost fully conductive every half cycle, and lighting loads 2 to 4
can be lit all at once. This is the batch lighting mode.

Note that FIG. 2B is drawn with a longer time axis than FIG. 2A.

Further, the boundary between the batch lighting mode and the sequential lighting mode can be considered to be a half cycle of the power supply. That is, if the repetition period of the gate signal applied to the thyristors 5 to 7 is longer than a half cycle of the power supply, the mode is sequential lighting mode, and if it is shorter, the mode is batch lighting mode.

In this way, since the repetition period of the control circuit 8C is configured to switch, even when lighting multiple lighting loads 2 to 4 at once, as is clear from FIGS. 2A and 2B, multiple thyristors can be switched from the control circuit 8C. The gate signals are only selectively supplied to the thyristors 5 to 7, that is, the gate currents I _G1 , I _G2 , and I _G3 do not flow to the thyristors 5 to 7 at the same time, but only in a time-sharing manner. The loss of the control circuit 8C does not increase compared to that when the lights are turned on sequentially.
The loss of the control circuit 8C when lighting all at once can be reduced compared to the conventional example.

Therefore, the lighting device can be made smaller and lower in cost.

Note that such lighting devices are suitable for applications where flashing decorative lighting and main lighting that require high illuminance are used together, such as store lighting equipment, home lighting equipment,
Alternatively, it would be effective if applied to lighting equipment that can be switched between being used as a sign and as a work light at a construction site.

A second embodiment of this invention will be explained based on FIG. This lighting device, as shown in Figure 3,
The control circuit 8C in FIG. 1 has been changed to a control circuit 8D.

This control circuit 8D includes a power supply circuit' which uses resistor voltage division without using a power transformer T, a relaxation oscillation circuit, a thyristor ring counter', and a resistor _R8.
~ _R10 .

The power supply circuit' consists of a capacitor _C4 , a resistor _R11 , and a diode _D7 . This circuit configuration is possible because the power consumption of the control circuit 8D does not change between the sequential lighting mode and the batch lighting mode, and the output DC voltage does not vary even with resistor voltage division.

Thyristor ring counter′
Q ₅ to Q ₇ , commutation capacitor C ₅ to _{C 7} , gate resistance
It consists of _R15 to _R17 , bias resistors _R12 to _R14 , trigger capacitors _C8 to _C10 , and diodes _D8 to _D10 . This thyristor ring counter′ is
Thyristors _Q5 to _Q7 are turned on repeatedly in sequence using the clock pulse of the relaxation oscillator circuit as input.
For example, when the thyristor _Q5 is on, a gate current flows through the triax 5, making it conductive and lighting the lighting load 2.

Other than that, the operations in the sequential lighting mode and the batch lighting mode are almost the same as in the case of FIG. 1, so the details will be omitted.

The effects of this embodiment are similar to those of the first embodiment.

A third embodiment of this invention will be explained based on FIG. This lighting device, as shown in Figure 4,
In place of the relaxation oscillator circuit and thyristor ring counter' in FIG. 3, monostable multivibrators MM ₁ to _{MM 3} are cascaded in a ring shape via coupling capacitors C ₁₄ , C ₁₈ , and C ₂₂ .
A monostable multivibrator using
The outputs of MM ₁ to MM ₃ are configured to repeatedly go to a high level at regular intervals, and this circuit operates equivalent to a combination of a thyristoring counter' and a relaxation oscillation circuit. ,
The overall operation of the control circuit 8E is similar to that of the control circuit 8D.
Similarly, when the switch SW is on, the lighting loads 2 to 4 are turned on in sequence, and when the switch SW is off, the lighting loads 2 to 4 are turned on all at once.

Monostable multivibrator MM ₁ consists of timer (Intersil ICM7555) IC ₁ and resistor R ₂₁ ,
R ₂₂ and capacitors C ₁₁ to C ₁₃ , and the monostable multivibrators MM ₂ and MM ₃ have the same structure. IC ₂ and IC ₃ are timers, R ₂₃ to _{R 26} are resistors, C ₁₅
~ _C17 , _C19 ~ _C21 are capacitors.

Here, three monostable multivibrators
The operations of MM ₁ to MM ₃ will be briefly explained. For example, if the monostable multivibrator MM ₁ is triggered, if the switch SW is off, the output terminal (terminal 3) will be at a low level for a time determined by the time constant of the resistor R ₂₂ and the capacitor C ₁₂ , and the resistor R ₈ will be A gate current flows through the thyristor 7, and the lighting load 4 lights up. This monostable multivibrator
When MM ₁ times up, its No. 3 terminal becomes high level and the gate current of thyristor 7 stops, and at the same time, a trigger input is given to the trigger terminal (No. 2 terminal) of timer IC ₃ via coupling capacitor C ₂₂ . For monostable multivibrator
MM ₃ operates, and in the same way as above, the 3rd terminal becomes low level for a time determined by the time constant of resistor R ₂₆ and capacitor C ₁₉ , and thyristor 6 is connected via resistor R ₉ .
A gate current flows through the gate, the thyristor 6 becomes conductive, and the lighting load 6 lights up.

Thereafter, the three monostable multivibrators MM ₁ to _{MM 3} operate sequentially in the same manner, and the thyristors 5 to 7
are made conductive in sequence.

Note that when the switch SW is on, the time constant of the monostable multivibrator MM ₁ is determined by the resistor R ₂₂ and the capacitors C ₁₁ and C ₁₂ . However, C ₁₁ <C ₁₂ . The same applies to monostable multivibrators MM ₂ and MM ₃ .

The other configurations are the same as in FIG. 3, and the effects are the same as in the first embodiment.

A fourth embodiment of this invention will be described based on FIGS. 5 and 6. As shown in FIG. 5, this lighting device uses a control circuit 8F in place of the control circuit 8C in FIG.

The control circuit 8F includes a power supply circuit', a relaxation oscillation circuit, a ring counter, a buffer circuit,
It consists of a zero cross detection circuit and a gate circuit.

The zero cross detection circuit consists of resistors R ₂₃ , R ₃₁ ,
R ₃₂ , R ₃₄ , R ₃₅ , R ₃₆ , diode bridge DB ₂ ,
Zener diode ZD, capacitor C ₃₁ , transistor Q ₈ , rectifier diode D ₁₁ , photocoupler
It consists of the light emitting part of the PC. This circuit uses a transistor only near the zero cross of commercial power supply 1.
When Q ₈ is turned off, the light emitting part of the photocoupler PC turns off. Capacitor _C31 constitutes the photocoupler drive power supply.

The gate circuit is the light receiving part of the photocoupler PC,
It is composed of a transistor _Q9 , resistors _R37 to _R44 , diodes _D12 to _D14 , and AND gates _IC4 to _IC6 .

This circuit operates when the light receiving part of the photocoupler PC is turned off, that is, near the zero cross.
Transistor Q ₉ turns off and the AND gate
A high level voltage is applied to IC ₄ to _{IC 6} via diodes D ₁₂ to D ₁₄ and resistors R ₃₉ to R ₄₁ , and as a result, AND gates IC ₄ to _{IC 6} are opened and the output of the ring counter is sent to the buffer circuit. It will be entered. In a period other than near the zero cross, the light receiving section of the photocoupler PC is turned on, the transistor _Q9 is turned on, the AND gates _IC4 to _IC6 are cut off, and the output of the ring counter is no longer added to the buffer circuit.

Next, the operation will be explained. First, when the switch SW is on, capacitor _C3 is connected, the pulse period of the relaxation oscillation circuit is long, and the 6th A
With respect to the power supply voltage V _AC in Figure A, the clock pulse V _P of the relaxation oscillator circuit is generated once for multiple power supply cycles as shown in Figure 6A, and this clock pulse V _P causes the output of the ring counter. The levels of the outputs V ₀₁ to _{V 03} of the terminals O ₁ , O ₂ , and O ₃ are sequentially switched as shown in D, E, and F of FIG. 6A. Further, the gate control signal V _C input to the AND gates IC ₄ to _{IC 6} based on the signal from the zero cross detection circuit is as shown in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B.

Therefore, the output of the ring counter causes the sixth A to be applied to the thyristors 5 to 7 via the buffer circuit.
As shown in Figures D, E, and F, gate currents I _G1 , I _G2 , and I _G3 (crosshatched portions) flow only near the zero cross of the power supply voltage V _AC . As a result, the thyristors 5 to 7 are turned on repeatedly in sequence, and the voltages V _L1 to V _L3 are repeatedly applied to the lighting loads 2 to 4 in sequence,
Lighting loads 2 to 4 are sequentially and repeatedly turned on. This is the sequential lighting mode.

When the switch SW is off, capacitor _C3
is disconnected, the pulse period of the relaxation oscillator circuit is short, and the clock pulse V _P of the relaxation oscillator circuit is generated many times per half period of the power supply cycle as shown in FIG. 6B C for the power supply voltage V _AC in FIG. 6B A. This clock pulse V _P causes the output terminals O ₁ , O ₂ , O ₃ of the ring counter to output V ₀₁ ~
The level of V ₀₃ is sequentially switched as shown in D, E, and F of FIG. 6B.

Further, the gate control signal V _C input to the AND gates IC ₄ to _{IC 6} based on the signal from the zero-cross detection circuit is as shown in FIG. 6B.

Therefore, the output of the ring counter causes the sixth B to be applied to the thyristors 5 to 7 via the buffer circuit.
As shown in Figures D, E, and F, gate currents I _G1 , I _G2 , and I _G3 (cross-hatched portions) flow only near the zero cross of a half-cycle of the power supply. As a result, thyristors 5 to 7 become conductive in sequence. However, once the thyristors 5 to 7 are turned on, they are not cut off unless the anode current becomes equal to or less than the holding current, so they maintain the conduction state until the zero cross point of a half cycle of the power supply. Therefore, if the period of the clock pulse V _P is sufficiently short, the triaxes 5 to 7 can be rendered almost fully conductive for every half cycle, and the lighting loads 2 to 4 can be turned on all at once. This is the batch lighting mode.

In this embodiment, the gate signals are only given to the thyristors 5 to 7 only near the zero cross of the power supply voltage V _AC , so the power consumption of the control circuit 8F is low.
Power capacity can be reduced.

Other effects are similar to those of the first embodiment.

Incidentally, in the above embodiment, an incandescent lamp was used as the illumination load, but a discharge lamp may also be used. Also,
The number of lights is not limited to three lights either. Example is 1
Although the lamps were turned on one after the other, two or more lamps may be turned on in sequence. Furthermore, it is also possible to put the lighting device of the embodiment into a mode in which all lights are turned off.

[Effect of idea]

The lighting device of this invention has a first mode in which the control circuit is selectively gated in sequence to a plurality of thyristors within a half cycle of the power supply voltage by switching a switch. Since the configuration is configured to switch to the second mode in which gate signals are sequentially and selectively given to multiple thyristors during a given period, gate signals can be selectively sent from the control circuit to multiple thyristors even when lighting multiple lighting loads at once. Therefore, the loss of the control circuit when lighting all at once does not increase more than that when lighting in sequence, and the loss of the control circuit when lighting all at once can be reduced compared to the conventional example.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the first embodiment of this invention, Figs. 2A and 2B are timing diagrams of each part thereof, Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the second embodiment of this invention, and Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the second embodiment of this invention. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the third embodiment of this invention, and FIG. 6A is a circuit diagram of the fourth embodiment of this invention.
FIG. B is a timing diagram of each part, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are circuit diagrams of a conventional example. 1...Commercial power supply, 2-4...Lighting load, 5-7
...Thyristor, 8C...Control circuit, SW...Switch, ...Relaxation oscillation circuit, ...Ring counter.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) A plurality of lighting loads, and a plurality of thyristors that respectively intermittent power supply to the plurality of lighting loads;
A first mode in which a gate signal is sequentially and selectively applied to the plurality of thyristors within a period of a half cycle of the power supply voltage, and a gate signal is sequentially and selectively applied to the plurality of thyristors in a period exceeding a half cycle of the power supply voltage. A lighting device comprising: a control circuit having a second mode; and a switch for switching the control circuit between the first mode and the second mode. (2) The control circuit includes a relaxation oscillation circuit and a ring counter to which the output of the relaxation oscillation circuit is applied as a clock pulse, and selectively gates the plurality of thyristors in sequence within a half cycle of the power supply voltage. the first mode by switching the oscillation frequency of the relaxation oscillation circuit using the switch so as to apply a signal or to sequentially and selectively apply a gate signal to the plurality of thyristors during a period exceeding half a cycle of the power supply voltage. The lighting device according to claim (1) of the utility model registration, wherein the lighting device is configured to switch between the first mode and the second mode. (3) The lighting device according to claim (2), wherein the ring counter is a thyristor ring counter. (4) The lighting device according to claim (2), wherein the ring counter is constituted by a shift register. (5) The control circuit is composed of a plurality of monostable multivibrators connected in a loop, and sequentially and selectively applies gate signals to the plurality of thyristors within a half cycle period of the power supply voltage, or By switching the time at the metastable point of the plurality of monostable multivibrators using the switch so as to sequentially and selectively apply gate signals to the plurality of thyristors during a period exceeding half a cycle of the voltage, the first The lighting device according to claim (1) of the utility model registration, wherein the lighting device is configured to switch between the mode and the second mode. (6) The lighting device according to claim (1), wherein the control circuit outputs the gate signal only near the zero-crossing point of the power supply frequency.