JPH04176997A - Continuously placing method for tunnel lining concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accelerate the work by dividing moving formworks expandable in diameter behind a lining concrete placing device, connecting and arranging them with slide jacks, and placing concrete at each excavation by one stroke. CONSTITUTION:Moving formworks 2, 3, 4 expandable in diameter are connected and arranged by slide jacks 5, 6 behind a lining concrete placing device 1 installed behind a shield excavator. Concrete is placed between the natural ground and the formwork 2 from a placing port 18, and the formworks are moved and concrete is continuously placed at each excavation by one stroke of the excavator. The work can be accelerated.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a continuous pouring device for lining concrete that can simultaneously and continuously perform excavation and pouring of lining concrete in tunnel construction by mechanical excavation. .

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, lining concrete for tunnel construction was placed after the excavation was completed by a tunnel excavator, or at a position well behind the excavation face, using non-telescopic steel forms, double beam steel forms, etc.
The method used was to use movable or segmented formwork such as telescopic steel forms or loose centers to pour concrete one block at a time.

However, with these lining methods, the length of one pouring is 6 to 12
Due to concrete curing and pouring cycles, concrete can only be poured once a day, making it impossible to speed up equipment construction, and increasing the number of vertical shafts, resulting in road obstructions, etc. In addition, since the tunnel was left unused for a long time from excavation to concrete pouring, the tunnel had to be properly supported to stabilize the ground.

On the other hand, in recent years, the segment construction method has been frequently used due to demands for speeding up construction and saving labor. However, this construction method makes it difficult to avoid ground subsidence, and the segments themselves are expensive. This method can sometimes account for half of the total construction cost when input costs are included, which poses problems such as being uneconomical because the construction cost is relatively high.

In recent years, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the ELC method (Ex
Truded Concrete Lining method)
is attracting attention. In Japan, the ELC method is
This method is also called the "direct concrete pouring method," and the method involves assembling the inner formwork at the same time as the excavation with a shield machine, applying compressive force to the fresh concrete, and pouring it into the ground. This is to construct a concrete lining that adheres tightly.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, although the ELC method can suppress ground subsidence, improve construction speed, and reduce construction costs compared to the conventional method, after one stroke of excavation, the inner formwork at the point where the last row of concrete is completed is dismantled. In order to move to the front row, assemble, and place concrete for one strike, this series of dismantling, moving, and assembling operations must be performed for each stroke of excavation, which requires a lot of time and effort. In addition to this, there is also a certain limit to the construction speed.

Therefore, the main purpose of the present invention is to be able to continuously cast lining concrete that adheres to the ground simultaneously with tunnel excavation, to simplify the time and effort required for formwork work, and to speed up construction. The present invention provides a method for continuously pouring lining concrete that is quick and labor-saving.

[Means to solve the problem]

The above-mentioned problems are: an outer circumferential frame for supporting the inside of the excavation surface; a fixing support means for fixing itself to the excavation surface by pressing part or all of the outer circumferential frame against the excavation surface; It is constructed so that it can move forward and backward in the direction, and has an outer diameter that is substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the excavation and a member width that corresponds to the thickness of the lining concrete to be placed. A lining concrete placing/pressing device is provided with an annular frame material for pressure, a concrete placing opening on the tunnel exit side of the annular frame material, and a lining concrete placing/pressing device. and an outer peripheral surface frame for the inner formwork, which has an outer diameter that can be inscribed in the inner surface of the frame material of the annular frame material, and becomes a formwork for pouring lining concrete together with the annular frame material when lining concrete is poured. , a slide formwork device comprising a fixing support means for fixing itself to the excavation surface by pressing part or all of the outer circumferential frame against the excavation surface; They are connected by sliding jacks and have an outer circumferential frame having substantially the same outer diameter as the outer circumferential frame of the slide formwork device, and are capable of excavating themselves by pressing part or all of this outer circumferential frame against the excavation surface. Using a lining concrete placing device consisting of a reaction force receiving grip device equipped with a fixed support means for fixing to a surface, following excavation with a tunnel excavator, the lining concrete placing/pressurizing device and slide The formwork device and the reaction force receiving grip device are brought in order, and 1.
For each stroke excavation, the over-econch IJ-t casting/pressurizing device is fixedly supported on the excavation surface, and the annular frame member is moved in the direction of the tunnel face, and following this,
The outer circumferential frame for the inner form of the sliding formwork device is moved so as to be fitted into the annular frame, thereby closing the space closed by the annular frame and the outer circumferential frame for the inner form. lining concrete is supplied into this space from the casting opening of the annular frame material, and the lining concrete is continuously formed while maintaining the lining concrete in a pressurized state until it hardens. It can be solved by

[Effect]

In the present invention, each device constituting the continuous concrete lining casting device all has an outer diameter shape that is inscribed in the tunnel excavation surface or the inner wall of the lining concrete. Therefore, each device contributes to ground stabilization, and each device itself is stabilized.

First, the lining concrete placement/pressure device is equipped with a fixed support means that presses part or all of the outer peripheral frame against the excavation surface and fixes itself to the excavation surface, so it is difficult to place the lining concrete. It can be used as a point of stability during time and as a reaction force point during pressurization. Furthermore, it is provided with an annular frame member that is configured to be able to move forward and backward toward the exit side of the tunnel by, for example, a jack, and has an outer diameter that is substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the excavation, and a member width that corresponds to the thickness of the poured lining concrete. . Therefore, it functions as a side formwork during pouring of lining concrete, and pressure can be applied from the pouring end surface of the lining concrete from the time of pouring until hardening. In addition, the above-mentioned concrete lining
When the pressurizing device moves forward, the annular frame member is pressed against the joint end face of the concrete lining and an advancing operation is performed, so that the pressurizing device can move forward in a reactionary manner.

By providing a concrete pouring port on the tunnel exit side of the annular frame material, the annular frame material can move forward and backward in the direction of the tunnel exit side, and has an outer diameter that can be inscribed in the inner wall of the annular frame material. , by supplying lining concrete from the concrete pouring port into the space that is sequentially formed by the outer circumferential frame for the inner formwork, which is movable in the tunnel direction by the movement operation described later, the lining concrete is continuously applied. can be cast.

The slide formwork device and the reaction force receiving grip device are both equipped with fixing support means for fixing themselves to the excavation surface by pressing part or all of the outer circumferential frame against the excavation surface, and are mutually connected to the tunnel. Because they are connected by sliding jacks in both directions, when one moves forward, the other is fixed, and when the other moves forward, one is fixed, so they are fixed and moved mutually, and the lining concrete is fixed. Since it can be moved gradually to the pouring position, the formwork work can be simplified. Furthermore, since both of the devices have an outer circumferential frame inscribed in the inner wall of the lining concrete, they are held in place to prevent collapse until the concrete hardens.

In addition, since the slide formwork device has an inner formwork function and also has its own fixing and holding function, it may be separated and connected to each other in the tunnel direction by a slide jack.

When constructing a concrete lining for a tunnel, first, following excavation by a tunnel excavator, the lining concrete placing and pressurizing device, the slide formwork device, and the reaction force receiving grip device are carried out in this order.

Each time one stroke of excavation by the tunnel excavator is completed, the lining concrete placing/pressurizing device is fixedly supported on the excavation surface so as to serve as a reaction force point when pressurizing the poured concrete. do.

Next, the annular frame material of the lining concrete placing/pressurizing device is moved toward the tunnel face, and following this, the annular frame material is attached to the outer peripheral surface frame for the inner formwork of the slide formwork device. move so that it is in the inserted state. Thereby, a space closed by the annular frame member and the outer circumferential frame for the inner form can be formed. Then, lining concrete is supplied into this space from the casting opening of the annular frame material, and by keeping it under pressure until it hardens, lining concrete that adheres closely to the ground is continuously formed. You can do it like this.

In addition, the placement of lining concrete for each stroke of excavation by a tunnel excavator is performed by repeatedly forming a closed space by moving the annular frame material and the outer peripheral frame for the inner form, and supplying lining concrete. If it is poured, it is preferable to prevent the soil from loosening.

In the present invention, as mentioned above, lining concrete can be poured continuously at the same time as tunnel excavation, and the work of dismantling and installing formwork is substantially omitted, so the construction speed is fast and the work is easy. Efficiency and labor savings can be achieved.

[Specific configuration of the invention]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on specific examples shown in the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the continuous lining concrete pouring device according to the method of the present invention includes a lining concrete pouring/pressurizing device 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as pouring device) and a front slide formwork 2.
The rear slide formwork 3 and the reaction force receiver are composed of a grip device 4. The pouring device 1 is separated from other devices, the front slide formwork 2 and the rear slide formwork 3 are connected by a first slide jack group 5.5, and the back slide formwork 3 and the reaction force receiver are the grip device 4 and the second slide jack group 6.
．． 6... are connected.

As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, the pouring device 1 includes:
A circular ring made of steel plate, square steel, channel steel, etc.] 0 is provided with a circular face frame 11 around its outer periphery, and a grip support frame 1 fixed to the circular ring 10 is provided inside the circular frame 11.
6, and a grip device 13, which is a fixed support means for the driving device 1, is fixedly mounted on this grip support frame 16. The gripping device 13 has cylinder shafts 1.3a, 1.3a that extend and contract in both directions, and is equipped with a gripper 14.14 at the tip thereof for pressing the excavation surface.

Further, the circular ring 11 is provided with press jacks 12, 12, which advance and retreat toward the rear side of the tunnel at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction, and at the tips of the jacks, during concrete pouring. A press ring 17, which is an annular frame material, is provided to form side plates of the formwork and to pressurize the poured concrete in the direction of the tunnel.

The top of the pouring device has a pouring port 18 for pouring concrete, through which concrete is fed by a concrete pump (not shown) with appropriate pressure through a concrete distributor such as a rotary valve. Concrete pouring is now possible. Note that the jacks 15, 15, and 15 provided around the grip device 13 are
... is connected to the excavator 7 and is used to tow the pouring device 1.

As shown in detail in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, the front slide formwork 2 includes a circular frame 21 around the outer periphery of circular rings 20, 20, and a rectangular frame 22 inside thereof. have. The circular rings 21, 21... are connected with pins at appropriate positions in the circumferential direction, and the upper portions are separated, one lower end of the rectangular frame 22 is fixed to the circular ring 20, and the side thereof is turned. It is connected to the front ring 20 via buckles 24, 24 and can be expanded and contracted in the circumferential direction within a certain range. The upper part of the circular ring 20 is connected via journal jacks 23, 23, and has a structure that allows adjustment in the height direction and is foldable. Note that the front slide formwork 2 is fitted into the press ring 17 in an inscribed state, as shown by the chain line in FIG. Once the outer diameter shape is adjusted to fit into the press ring 17, it is basically fixed during construction.

In addition, the front slide formwork 2 is divided into a front part and a rear part, and when these two parts are connected, for example, with connection adjustment bolts, etc., and when constructing a curved part, the separation can be adjusted with the connection adjustment bolts. By giving it a curvature and sealing the gap with a gasket or the like to prevent concrete from leaking and to stop water, it can easily be adapted to curved construction.

The front slide formwork 2 and the first slide jack group 5.5
As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 4, the rear slide formwork 3 connected with...
A circular face frame 31 is provided around the outer periphery of the frame 31, and the ends of the circular ring are connected with pins at appropriate positions in the circumferential direction, and the ends of the circular ring are connected via a grip jack 32, whereby the grip jack 32 can be expanded and contracted. The rear sliding formwork 3 is configured to be expandable and contractible in the circumferential direction, and the rear sliding formwork 3 can be fixed to the tunnel excavation surface, and when the front sliding formwork 2 is pushed forward and the reaction force receiving grip device 4 is pulled forward. It is designed to be the point of reaction force at .

In this specific example, the front slide formwork 2 and the rear slide formwork 3 are connected to the first slide jacks 5.5...-
Although this is connected by , it is also possible to omit this and configure it as a - body. In this case, when the integrated sliding formwork moves forward, it is moved forward by the second slide jacks 6, 6, with the reaction force receiving grip device 4 as a point of reaction force, and when the reaction force receiving grip device 4 moves forward, , this integrated sliding formwork may be used as a reaction force point.

The reaction force receiving grip device 4 in the last row has almost the same structure as the rear slide formwork 3, and has circular rings 40, 40...
A circular face frame 41 is provided around the outer periphery of the frame 41, and by connecting the ends of the circular ring via a grip jack 42, the ends of the circular ring are connected via a grip jack 42. The reaction force receiving grip device 4 can be expanded and contracted in the circumferential direction so that it can be fixed to the tunnel excavation surface, and the front and rear sliding formwork 2
．． This is the reaction force point during the forward movement in step 3.

When pouring concrete for tunnel lining under such a continuous pouring device, as shown in FIG. excavate the ground. When one stroke of excavation (approximately 1.5 m) by the thrust jack is completed, first, the gripper 4 is extended by the grip device 13 of the driving device 1 to fix the driving device 1 itself to the excavation surface. Then, from the state shown in FIG. 6, the press ring 17 is separated by about 30 cm from the pouring seam of the poured concrete using the press jack 12 of the pouring device 1, and the press ring 17 is separated from the pouring seam of the poured concrete by the press ring 17 formed by the circular face frame 21 of the front slide formwork 2. pouring hole 18 in the space
Concrete is poured by When the space is filled with concrete and the supply pressure of the concrete pump reaches a certain value or more, the supply of concrete is stopped.

Note that the poured concrete is always kept under pressure by the press ring 17.

Next, the grip jack 32 of the rear slide form 3 is extended to fix the rear slide form 3 to the excavation surface, and the first slide jack 5 advances the front slide form 2 by about 30 an. Thereafter, the grip jack 42 of the reaction force receiving grip 4 is extended and fixed to the excavation surface, the fixation of the rear slide form 3 is released, and the rear slide form 3 is moved forward by the same amount of <30 (2).

The process up to this point is regarded as one cycle of pouring, and the press ring 17 is again separated from the pouring joint of the poured concrete by about 30 cm, and the process of pouring concrete is repeated.
Completed concrete pouring of 1.5m, which corresponds to one stroke of excavation by the shield machine.

Next, the grip device I3 of the pouring device 1 is loosened, and the press jacks 12, 12... are extended to push the concrete pouring joint end face with the press ring 17, and as a reaction, the pouring device 1 is pushed about 1.5 m. The placing device 1 is fixed to the excavation surface again by extending the grip device 13, and the concrete is pressed at a predetermined pressure through the press ring 17 by operating the press jacks 12, 12, etc. Hold for about a minute. The pressurization value is appropriately determined from the viewpoint of ensuring sufficient water-stopping properties against water pressure and minimizing ground subsidence within a range that does not destroy the ground.

Meanwhile, the rear slide formwork 3 is fixed to the excavation surface, and the second
1. Move the reaction force receiving grip 4 forward using the slide jack.
It is moved 5 m and held fixed, and the tunnel excavation machine 7 starts excavation again.

In addition, the above-mentioned specific example is a section equivalent to one stroke of excavation by a tunnel excavator (1
, 5m) was divided into 5 times of 30an, but if priority is given to construction speed, the section equivalent to one stroke of excavation may be placed in one time.

As described above, according to the method of the present invention described in detail, the lining concrete to be poured is placed under continuous pressure, and is maintained under pressure until it hardens, so that it adheres closely to the ground. The ground is stable without loosening, there is almost no ground subsidence, and there is no impact on surrounding structures. Also,
The concrete lining can be placed at the same time as the excavation, speeding up construction, and significantly reducing the time and effort required for formwork work compared to conventional construction methods such as the ELC construction method.

In addition, as the cast concrete according to the method of the present invention, fly ash and special concrete made by blending this with admixtures such as steel fibers and fluidizing agents and retarding agents can be used.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, lining concrete can be placed in close contact with the ground at the same time as tunnel excavation, and the time and effort required for formwork work at that time can be simplified, making the work easier. Speed-up and labor-saving can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a continuous lining concrete casting device according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in Fig. 1.
The figure is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Figure 1. Figure 4 is the IV in Figure 1.
5 is a sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the procedure for pouring lining concrete. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Lining concrete placement/pressure device, 2... Front slide formwork, 3... Rear slide formwork, 4... Reaction force receiving grip device, 5... First slide gear Tsuki, 6・
...Second slide jack, 7...Tunnel excavator Fig. 2 Fig. 3

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) An outer circumferential frame for supporting the excavated surface, a fixed support means for fixing itself to the excavated surface by pressing part or all of this outer circumferential frame against the excavated surface, and concrete lining. It is constructed so that it can move forward and backward toward the exit side of the tunnel for pressurization with the side formwork, and has an outer diameter that is substantially the same as the excavation cross-sectional shape and a member width that corresponds to the thickness of the poured lining concrete. Lining concrete pouring system that includes an annular frame material and a concrete pouring opening on the tunnel exit side of the annular frame material.
A pressurizing device, which is accompanied by this lining concrete placing and pressurizing device, has an outer diameter that can be inscribed in the inner surface of the frame material of the annular frame material, and when placing the lining concrete, the lining concrete is placed together with the annular frame material. The method includes an outer peripheral frame for the inner formwork, which serves as a formwork for pouring concrete, and fixing support means for pressing part or all of this outer peripheral frame against the excavation surface and fixing the outer peripheral frame to the excavation surface. a slide formwork device, further having an outer circumferential frame that is connected to the slide formwork device in the tunnel direction by a sliding jack and has an outer diameter substantially the same as the outer circumferential frame of the slide formwork device; Continuous pouring equipment for tunnel lining concrete is comprised of a reaction force receiving grip device equipped with a fixing support means for pressing part or all of the outer circumferential frame against the excavation surface and fixing itself to the excavation surface. Following the tunnel excavation by the shield machine, the lining concrete placing and pressurizing device, slide formwork device, and reaction force receiving grip device are carried in this order, and the lining concrete is removed for each stroke of excavation by the shield machine. A pouring/pressurizing device is fixedly supported on the excavation surface, and its annular frame material is moved toward the tunnel face, and following this, the outer periphery for the inner formwork of the sliding formwork device is attached to the annular frame material. The face frame is moved to the fitted state, thereby forming a space closed by the annular frame material and the outer circumferential frame for the inner form, and a covered space is formed in this space from the casting opening of the annular frame material. A continuous pouring method for tunnel lining concrete, which is characterized by supplying concrete and continuously forming lining concrete while maintaining it under pressure until it hardens. (2) Divide the placing of lining concrete for each stroke of excavation by the shield machine, and repeat the formation of a closed space by moving the annular frame material and the outer peripheral frame for the inner form, and the supply of lining concrete. The continuous casting method for tunnel lining concrete according to claim 1, which is carried out by: (3) A claim in which the sliding formwork device is separated into an outer circumferential frame portion for the inner formwork and a grip portion for fixing itself to the excavation surface, and the devices are connected to each other in the tunnel direction by a sliding jack. 3. The continuous casting method for tunnel lining concrete according to claim 1 and claim 2.