JPH04158860A - Artificial knee joint - Google Patents
Artificial knee jointInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04158860A JPH04158860A JP28659690A JP28659690A JPH04158860A JP H04158860 A JPH04158860 A JP H04158860A JP 28659690 A JP28659690 A JP 28659690A JP 28659690 A JP28659690 A JP 28659690A JP H04158860 A JPH04158860 A JP H04158860A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sliding
- load
- sliding surface
- component
- convex
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000002303 tibia Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001694 thigh bone Anatomy 0.000 abstract 4
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010008690 Chondrocalcinosis pyrophosphate Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003947 Knee Osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010031264 Osteonecrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000002849 chondrocalcinosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008407 joint function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、慢性関節リウマチ、変形性膝関節症、偽痛風
、突発性骨壊死なと高度に変形した膝関節の関節を正常
な機能に回復させるために用いる人工膝関節に関するも
のである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention restores the normal function of knee joints that are severely deformed due to rheumatoid arthritis, knee osteoarthritis, pseudogout, or idiopathic osteonecrosis. This relates to an artificial knee joint used for recovery.
従来の人工膝関節においては、脛骨コンポーネント上に
設けた制御ペグにより大腿骨コンポーネントを制御し可
動域を確保する方法がとられていた。（例えば、特開昭
６３−１３２６５１号参照）〔発明が解決しようとする
課題〕
上記の如く、人工膝関節の可動域を確保するために脛骨
コンポーネント上に制御ペグを設け、屈曲する際に大腿
骨コンポーネントを制動させた場合には、制動ペグで全
荷重を受けるため制動ペグに応力が集中し、制動ペグの
変形や破壊が起こり、所定の機能が得られないなどの不
都合があった。In conventional knee prostheses, a control peg provided on the tibial component controls the femoral component to ensure a range of motion. (For example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-132651.) [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As mentioned above, in order to ensure the range of motion of the artificial knee joint, a control peg is provided on the tibial component, and the When the bone component is braked, stress is concentrated on the brake peg because the entire load is applied to the brake peg, resulting in deformation or destruction of the brake peg, resulting in inconveniences such as failure to obtain the desired function.
上記の如き問題点を解決するため、本発明では、人工膝
関節の大腿骨コンポーネントの荷重を受ける主関節面の
後部中央摺動部に凸状摺動面を高さＴｌで球または楕円
球状に曲率ＲＩ、Ｒ２で形成し、また脛骨コンポーネン
トの荷重を受ける主関節回の後部中央摺動部に凹状摺動
面を深さＴ２で球または楕円球状に曲率Ｒ３、Ｒ４で形
成したことを特徴とする。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a convex sliding surface is formed in a spherical or elliptical shape with a height Tl at the rear central sliding part of the main joint surface that receives the load of the femoral component of an artificial knee joint. It is characterized in that it is formed with curvatures RI and R2, and a concave sliding surface is formed in a spherical or elliptical spherical shape with a depth T2 and curvatures R3 and R4 at the rear central sliding part of the main joint gyrus that receives the load of the tibial component. do.
大腿骨コンポーネント後部の凸状摺動面と脛骨コンポー
ネントの凹状摺動面か屈曲時に相互に嵌合し、後方で摺
動回転することにより、可動域が向上し、凸、凹状摺動
面の関係をＴ、≦Ｔ２、Ｒ１≦Ｒ−１Ｒ２≦Ｒ４とする
ことにより、荷重は主関節面で負担しながらの屈曲が可
能となり、滑らかな摺動回転運動が実現し従来のものに
比べて応力の分散が計れる。The convex sliding surface on the rear of the femoral component and the concave sliding surface on the tibial component fit into each other during flexion and slide and rotate posteriorly, improving the range of motion and improving the relationship between the convex and concave sliding surfaces. By setting T, ≦T2, R1≦R-1R2≦R4, it is possible to bend while bearing the load on the main joint surface, realizing smooth sliding rotation movement and reducing stress compared to conventional ones. Dispersion can be measured.
以下、図によって本発明実施例を説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図（イ）、（ロ）、（ハ）には、本発明に係る人工
膝関節を構成する大腿骨コンポーネント１の平面図、正
面図、側面図を示し、この大腿骨コンポーネントｌには
、荷重を受ける主関節面１ａの後部中央摺動部に後方で
の屈曲運動を担う凸状摺動面１ｂが高さＴ１で球または
楕円球状に曲率Ｒ，、Ｒ２で形成されている。1(a), (b), and (c) show a plan view, a front view, and a side view of a femoral component 1 constituting an artificial knee joint according to the present invention. A convex sliding surface 1b, which is responsible for bending motion at the rear, is formed at the rear central sliding portion of the main joint surface 1a that receives a load, and has a height T1 and a spherical or elliptical spherical shape with curvatures R, , R2.
また、第２図（イ）、（ロ）、（ハ）には、脛骨コンポ
ーネント２の平面図、正面図、側面図を示し、この脛骨
コンポーネント２は荷重を支持するトレ一部材２ａと大
腿骨コンポーネント１と摺動運動を行う摺動部材２ｂよ
り形成されており、摺動部材２ｂには荷重を受ける主関
節面２ｃの後部中央摺動部に大腿骨コンポーネント１の
凸状摺動面１ｂを収容するための凹状摺動面２ｄか深さ
Ｔ２て球または楕円球状に曲率Ｒ，、Ｒ４で形成されて
いる。2(a), (b), and (c) show a plan view, a front view, and a side view of the tibial component 2, and the tibial component 2 has a load-bearing training member 2a and a femoral bone. The sliding member 2b has a convex sliding surface 1b of the femoral component 1 at the rear center sliding portion of the main joint surface 2c that receives the load. The concave sliding surface 2d for accommodating is formed into a spherical or elliptical spherical shape with a depth T2 and a curvature R, , R4.
このような大腿骨コンポーネント１と脛骨コンポーネン
ト２のトレ一部材２ａはアルミナ、ジルコニアなどのセ
ラミックスやステンレス鋼、ＣＯＰ。The training member 2a of the femoral component 1 and the tibial component 2 is made of ceramics such as alumina or zirconia, stainless steel, or COP.
Ｃｏ−Ｃｒ−Ｍｏ合金、純Ｔｉ、 Ｔｉ合金などの金属
、またはカーボンファイバ、合成樹脂やカーボンファイ
バを集束させて所定の太さにした材料で形成されており
、さらにこれらの材料の骨との当接面にはアルミナ、ア
パタイト、ガラスセラミックス、ＴｉＮＴｉ０□などを
コーティングしたものでも良く、また脛骨コンポーネン
ト２の摺動部材２ｂは、上記大腿骨コンポーネント２と
摺動するために高密度ポリエチレンなどの合成樹脂で形
成されている。It is made of metal such as Co-Cr-Mo alloy, pure Ti, Ti alloy, or carbon fiber, synthetic resin, or carbon fiber that is bundled to a predetermined thickness. The contact surface may be coated with alumina, apatite, glass ceramics, TiNTi0□, etc., and the sliding member 2b of the tibial component 2 may be made of synthetic material such as high-density polyethylene in order to slide on the femoral component 2. Made of resin.
上記大腿骨コンポーネントｌと脛骨コンポーネント２を
それぞれ大腿骨３と脛骨４に装着し伸展位にした状態を
第３図に示し、この状態では、荷重は大腿骨コンポーネ
ント１の主関節面１ａと脛骨コンポーネント２の主関節
面２ｃで受けており、この状態から回転し屈曲した場合
に第４図に示すように大腿骨コンポーネント１の凸状摺
動面１ｂが、脛骨コンポーネント２の摺動部材２ｂの後
部中央摺動部に形成しである凹状摺動面２ｄの中に嵌合
されるごとく収容されるために、前方へ移動することな
く脛骨コンポーネント２の後方での滑らかな屈曲運動が
可能となり、従来の人工膝関節では９０゜〜１００°前
後の可動域が本発明により、正座可能な１３５°以上の
可動域まで向上させることができる。FIG. 3 shows a state in which the femoral component l and tibial component 2 are attached to the femur 3 and tibia 4, respectively, and are in the extended position. In this state, the load is applied to the main articular surface 1a of the femoral component 1 When the femoral component 1 is rotated and bent from this state, as shown in FIG. Since the tibial component 2 is accommodated so as to be fitted into the concave sliding surface 2d formed in the central sliding portion, smooth backward bending movement of the tibial component 2 is possible without moving forward, which is different from conventional According to the present invention, the range of motion of an artificial knee joint can be increased from around 90° to 100° to a range of motion of 135° or more, which allows the patient to sit upright.
また、この場合に、第１図の大腿骨コンポーネントの凸
状摺動面の高さＴ、と脛骨コンポーネントの凹状摺動面
の深さＴ２との関係は、Ｔ、≦Ｔ２とし、曲率の関係は
Ｒ１≦Ｒ３、Ｒ２≦Ｒ４が望ましく、現実には、Ｔ１＝
２〜ｌ０１Ｔ２＝２〜１１、Ｒ，＝Ｒ７〜Ｒ５０、Ｒ１
＝Ｒ７〜Ｒ３０，Ｒ，＝Ｒ７〜Ｒ５５、Ｒ，＝Ｒ７〜Ｒ
３５、このようにしておけば屈曲運動時にも荷重は主関
節面で受は取ることが可能となり、さらに、ローテーシ
ョン運動も可能である。また、脛骨コンポーネントの凹
状摺動面の後部にフラット部２ｅを設けることにより、
さらに後方での屈曲運動が可能となり、本来の膝関節の
機能回復ができる。In this case, the relationship between the height T of the convex sliding surface of the femoral component and the depth T2 of the concave sliding surface of the tibial component in FIG. 1 is T, ≦T2, and the relationship of curvature It is desirable that R1≦R3 and R2≦R4, and in reality, T1=
2~l01T2=2~11,R,=R7~R50,R1
=R7~R30,R,=R7~R55,R,=R7~R
35. By doing this, it becomes possible to receive the load on the main joint surface even during bending motion, and rotation motion is also possible. In addition, by providing a flat portion 2e at the rear of the concave sliding surface of the tibial component,
Furthermore, backward bending movements are possible, allowing the original function of the knee joint to be restored.
叙上のように大腿骨コンポーネントの後部中央摺動部に
球または楕円球状の凸状摺動面を形成し、脛骨コンポー
ネントの後部中央摺動部に球または楕円球状の凹状摺動
面を設けたことにより、屈曲時に脛骨コンポーネントの
後方での滑らかな回転運動が可能となり、応力の分散が
計れ、より大きな可動域を確保することができるため、
本発明による人工膝関節置換後においては、通常人と同
様の関節機能をもたらすことか可能となり人類の福祉に
貢献するところ大である。As mentioned above, a spherical or elliptical convex sliding surface was formed at the rear central sliding part of the femoral component, and a spherical or elliptical concave sliding surface was provided at the rear central sliding part of the tibial component. This allows for smooth rotational movement behind the tibial component during flexion, dispersing stress and ensuring a larger range of motion.
After artificial knee joint replacement according to the present invention, it is possible to provide the same joint function as that of a normal person, which greatly contributes to human welfare.
第１図（イ）、（ロ）、（ハ）はそれぞれ本発明実施例
に係る人工膝関節を構成する大腿骨コンポーネントの平
面図と正面図、側面図である。第２図（イ）、（ロ）、
（ハ）はそれぞれ本発明実施例に係る人工膝関節を構成
する脛骨コンポーネントの平面図、正面図、側面図であ
る。第３図は本発明実施例による人工膝関節を大腿骨及
び脛骨に装着し伸展位にした状態の側面図である。第４
図は本発明実施例による人工膝関節を大腿骨及び脛骨に
装着し、屈曲性にした状態の側面図である。
ｌ二大腿骨コンポーネント
１ａ：凸状摺動面
２：脛骨コンポーネント
２ａ：凹状摺動面
３コ大腿骨
４：脛骨FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C are a plan view, a front view, and a side view, respectively, of a femoral bone component constituting an artificial knee joint according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 (a), (b),
(C) is a plan view, a front view, and a side view of a tibial component constituting an artificial knee joint according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively. FIG. 3 is a side view of the artificial knee joint according to the embodiment of the present invention attached to the femur and tibia in an extended position. Fourth
The figure is a side view of a state in which the artificial knee joint according to the embodiment of the present invention is attached to the femur and tibia, making it flexible. l Two femoral components 1a: convex sliding surfaces 2: tibial components 2a: concave sliding surfaces 3 femurs 4: tibia
Claims (1)
脛骨の近位部に固定される脛骨コンポーネントから構成
される人工膝関節において、上記大腿骨コンポーネント
の荷重を受ける主関節面の後部中央摺動部に後方での屈
曲を担う凸状摺動面を高さＴ＿１で球または楕円球状に
曲率Ｒ＿１、Ｒ＿２で形成し、他方の脛骨コンポーネン
トの荷重を受ける主関節面の後部中央摺動部に凹状摺動
面を深さＴ＿２で球または楕円球状に曲率Ｒ＿３、Ｒ＿
４で形成し、それぞれの関係をＴ＿１≦Ｔ＿２、Ｒ＿１
≦Ｒ＿３、Ｒ＿２≦Ｒ＿４とし、これら凸、凹摺動面が
屈曲時に嵌合し、後方で回転するように成した人工膝関
節。In an artificial knee joint consisting of a femoral component fixed to the distal part of the femur and a tibial component fixed to the proximal part of the tibia, the rear central sliding of the main joint surface that receives the load of the femoral component A convex sliding surface that is responsible for rearward bending is formed at the height T_1 and a spherical or elliptical spherical shape with curvatures R_1 and R_2, and a concave sliding surface is formed at the rear central sliding part of the main articular surface that receives the load of the other tibial component. The sliding surface has a depth T_2 and a spherical or elliptical spherical curvature R_3, R_
4, and the respective relationships are T_1≦T_2, R_1
≦R_3, R_2≦R_4, and these convex and concave sliding surfaces fit together during bending and are configured to rotate rearward.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28659690A JP2981917B2 (en) | 1990-10-24 | 1990-10-24 | Artificial knee joint |
| US07/953,752 US5282869A (en) | 1990-10-24 | 1992-09-29 | Artificial knee joint |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28659690A JP2981917B2 (en) | 1990-10-24 | 1990-10-24 | Artificial knee joint |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04158860A true JPH04158860A (en) | 1992-06-01 |
| JP2981917B2 JP2981917B2 (en) | 1999-11-22 |
Family
ID=17706464
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28659690A Expired - Fee Related JP2981917B2 (en) | 1990-10-24 | 1990-10-24 | Artificial knee joint |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2981917B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7955394B2 (en) | 2005-07-14 | 2011-06-07 | Saga University | Artificial knee joint |
| JP2014237030A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-12-18 | スミス・アンド・ネフュー・オルソペディクス・アーゲー | Artificial knee joint |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5419490B2 (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2014-02-19 | 京セラメディカル株式会社 | Artificial knee joint |
| WO2012023193A1 (en) | 2010-08-19 | 2012-02-23 | 日本メディカルマテリアル株式会社 | Artificial knee joint |
-
1990
- 1990-10-24 JP JP28659690A patent/JP2981917B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7955394B2 (en) | 2005-07-14 | 2011-06-07 | Saga University | Artificial knee joint |
| JP2014237030A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-12-18 | スミス・アンド・ネフュー・オルソペディクス・アーゲー | Artificial knee joint |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2981917B2 (en) | 1999-11-22 |
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