JPH0390612A - Modified cross-section fiber, spinneret and production of modified cross-section fiber using the spinneret - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Field of Application> The present invention relates to a special cross-section synthetic fiber suitable for clothing, moquettes, high piles, carpets, etc., and a method for producing the same. The present invention relates to a special cross-section synthetic wire m which exhibits excellent gloss, a soft and smooth texture and appearance like animal hair, and has elasticity, and a method for manufacturing the same.

<Prior Art> Conventionally, synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon, and acrylic have been used in fields of application such as clothing, moquettes, high piles, and carpets, with their cross-sectional shapes changed depending on the field of application. For example, for clothing, fibers with a round cross section are mainly used; for moquettes, high piles, etc., in addition to round cross section fibers, flat and irregular cross section fibers are used; for carpets, round cross section and irregular cross section fibers are used. However, in recent years, regardless of the field of use, the artificial luster and texture of round cross-section fibers have become obsolete, and irregular cross-section fibers, especially polygonal (multi-lobed) cross-section fibers, have become widely used. .

Polygonal cross-section fibers can be obtained using a specially shaped die, such as one in which the die hole is formed with a slit extending radially from the center of the pore. This method is disclosed in Publication No. 17694/1984 and US Pat. No. 3,303,530. Specifically, the caps are shown in (1) in Figures 3 to 5 of the drawings, and are used to produce special cross-sectional fibers having cross sections as shown in (2) in Figures 3 to 5 of the drawings. It has been obtained.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, with these special cross-section fibers, similar to round-section fibers, there is little change in the undulations of the surface unevenness, and it is difficult to produce textile products with a gentle luster or a texture similar to animal hair. difficult to obtain.

That is, it has been difficult and rare to obtain clothing that has a gentle luster and a cool, soft, smooth texture and appearance from conventionally used synthetic fibers. In addition, even when applied to fibers intended for moquettes, high piles, and carpets, it has been difficult to obtain fiber products that exhibit a gentle luster and have the texture, appearance, and elasticity of animal hair. To solve the problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-31560
Publication No. 6 proposes a specific octagonal (leaf) cross-sectional fiber as shown in (2) of the same figure that can be obtained using the die shown in (1) of Figure 6. By doing so, it has become possible to obtain an excellent textile product that exhibits a gentle luster and has an animal hair-like texture, appearance, and elasticity.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, when it comes to fabrics obtained using 1R1jA as described above, especially raised fabrics, the disadvantage is that depending on the angle at which the light rays strike, the fabric looks whitish (whitening), which impairs its appearance. It had

The purpose of the present invention is to create a fabric that has excellent gloss, is soft and elastic like animal hair, has a smooth texture and appearance, and is suitable as a raw material for fabrics that do not cause whitening due to the angle and control of light rays. The objective is to provide synthetic fibers that are
To provide a synthetic fiber that does not leave finger marks when used as a car seat or the like.

Means for Solving the Problem> That is, the present invention provides a flat cross-section fiber having a cross-sectional shape having 10 to 14 convex portions, the ratio of the short axis l1 to the long axis l1 of the cross section, l1/ It is a special cross-sectional fiber characterized in that l2 is 1.5 to 7, and is preferably as shown in Fig. 1 (1
), the cross section has two long and short axes of symmetry that are perpendicular to each other. Two recesses (
A) has two convex portions (B) on the shorter axis of symmetry (B), and has a convex portion from the intersection of the minor axis 4 degrees, the major axis 4, and the axis of symmetry (3) and (B). The ratio of distance 11!4 to the convex portion ←→ adjacent to portion (B), 4=14=43, is 1 to 1.5:1.
5 to 7: Special cross section R# is 0 and such a special cross section fiber is, for example, two orthogonal long and short Slin) S'1, St and Hi St,!
: Surin extending radially between Sl and S2 from the intersection (O) of well 82e) Sa, 84, and the longer sulin) St having bifurcated slits sC and s'r at both ends. ,
Slit Sr, s<, store, S2. Sa button and S4
satisfy the following relationships, and the cross-sectional area is 0.05-
Using the above spinneret, extrude the thermoplastic polymer melt at a point of 0.3 to 2.0 mm directly below the spinneret.
It can be manufactured by blowing cooling air for 7 seconds on the spun yarn to cool it and taking it off with a draft of 50 or more.

α1=90°±5°, 35°≦α2=α3≦450°α4=15°~170°.

nz / mz≦0,5 (However, α1 is the angle where 81 and 82 intersect, α2 and α3
is the angle where Sl intersects Sa or Sl1, α4 is Sf and S
Oml, which indicates the angle at which f intersects, is the length from the intersection (O) to the S'' mark, m2 is the length from the intersection O to the tip of Sa or S4, m3 is the center line of 81 and the center of 81 or H S The length t'' from the intersection (■) with the line to the intersection 0 indicates the length from the intersection (■) to the tip casing of Sf or age. Further, nx represents the slit width, and X represents an integer from 1 to 4. ) The number of convex portions in the special cross-section fiber of the present invention is, for example, 10 to 14, as shown in FIGS. 1 (1) to (3). It is essential. If a fiber with a small number of convex parts is used, it will not be possible to solve problems such as white blur and finger marks when made into moquettes, etc. On the other hand, if there are too many convex parts, it will be difficult to obtain the effect of the convex parts, which will prevent white blur. Not only does this become a headache, but various problems arise, such as problems with the design of the die needed to make such fibers. The most preferable number of convex portions is ten.

In addition, in the present invention, the fiber cross section must be flat to some extent, and the ratio of the short axis t1 and the long axis of the cross section te
lll is 1.5 to 7. Here, the major axis 14 is the first
As shown in Figures (1) and (2), it is the distance set between the fiber center (01) and the tip of the convex portion located approximately in the longitudinal direction of the cross section, and the minor axis 4 is the distance between the center 0 and the major axis. This is the distance set between the tip of the convex part located in the direction perpendicular to 4. If lIl/4 is less than 1.5, the gloss or texture will be poor, as shown in (2) in Figure 3. It is not possible to obtain a satisfactory product.If l1/l2 exceeds 7, the soft texture will not be good.The mechanical strength of the casing and Rm itself will decrease, and when crimp is applied. Alternatively, the convex portions in the longitudinal direction of the cross section are likely to be damaged during the spinning process.l1/l2 is preferably 2 to 5.

Furthermore, although the technical significance is not clear, according to the present invention, the fiber cross section as shown in FIG. Longer axis of symmetry (8)
By being designed with two concave portions (A) on the top and two convex portions on the shorter axis of symmetry (B), it has a particularly excellent white blur prevention effect and finger mark. It has a preventive effect. In this case, in addition to the ratio between the short axis l1 and the long axis, the distance m from the intersection 0 of the convex part adjacent to the convex part (B) with the axis of symmetry (8) is also set within a certain range. It is desirable that 4 knees/i:41=
1-1.5:1.5-7:1, particularly preferably 4-knee 4:5-1.2-1.4:2-5:1.

If it falls outside this range, it may not be possible to obtain the desired gentle glossiness and animal hair-like texture. For example, tt:
la: b 1~1.5:~4 like 1.5:1
If the ratio is less than 1.5, it becomes difficult to bring out the undulations of the uneven portions on the fiber surface, and it is not possible to obtain a case that is favorable in terms of gloss and texture. Keita, 4:41:4=
1 to 1.5 near: If 4 is larger than 7, as in 1, the Bihei ratio will increase and the soft texture will not be desirable, and the mechanical strength of the fiber itself will decrease, causing crimp. Fiber damage is likely to occur at the portion with the longest convex portion during application or during the spinning process.

However, in the present invention, each recess is formed deeply toward the inside of the fiber cross section! The distance from the center of the fiber to the convex part (Ll) and the distance from the center of the fiber to the concave part adjacent to the convex part (L2)
It is desirable that the ratio (Ll) is preferably 0.5 or more, particularly preferably 0.6 or more. If the recesses are deep, it becomes difficult to manufacture the fiber itself.
Since the convex portions of such fibers are easily damaged during spinning, processing, etc., the final product obtained is also unsatisfactory.

The polymer constituting the fiber of the present invention may be any thermoplastic polymer having fiber-forming ability, such as polyester,
Polyamide, polyolefin, etc. can be used,
Among these, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) are preferred.

These polymers may be copolymerized with a third component, if necessary. In addition, inorganic fine particles, aromatic agents, antifouling agents, deodorants, flame retardants, and even different types of polymers may be composited or mixed.

When the fiber of the present invention contains a matting agent, effects unimaginable with conventional fibers can be expected.

For example, titanium dioxide, which has been used conventionally, has a 0.
When polyester fibers (round cross-section) containing 0.05 to 0.8 weight are applied to clothing, there is a drawback that when the color tone is made lighter, the base layer looks faded, but in the case of the special cross-section fiber of the present invention, The light scattering effect created by the random uneven surface not only eliminates the phenomenon of dullness, but also creates a very gentle gloss.

In addition, the amount of titanium dioxide is increased by one weight or more to create the so-called Furdull brand, and when used for high pile, moquette, etc., it not only improves the opacity of the fibers, but also creates a material that closely resembles animal hair according to the cross-sectional shape. It is used to obtain fibers with good appearance and texture.

The manufacturing method of the special cross-section fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as its shape satisfies the above-mentioned requirements. The method for manufacturing the fiber shown in FIG. 1(1) will be described in detail below as an example of the method for manufacturing the fiber of the present invention.

First, a spinneret having a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 2, for example, is used, and the cross-sectional area of the spinneret is 0.
05- or more is desirable, more preferably 0.08- or more, particularly preferably 0.12- or more. If this cross-sectional area is smaller than 0.05, the influence of the balance effect during spinning becomes large, making it difficult to obtain the desired fiber cross-sectional shape.

It has a slit S3.84 extending radially between S1,
Moreover, the longer slit SL has a bifurcated slit play and a flute at both ends. Here, "orthogonal" between Sl and 82 does not mean strictly 90 degrees, but 90 ± 5 degrees.
There is no problem at all with the variation in slits S1. si, s? , Sz, S
s and S4 must satisfy the following requirements (1) to (2).

35°≦α2=α3≦45°・・・・
・・・・・・・・・■α4=15°～1700
・・・・・・・・・・・・■m2≦ml<
m3+ m< CO8 α4) ・・・・・・
・・・・・・■n)(/mz≦0.5
・・・・・・・・・・・・■However,
α1 is the angle where Sl and 82 intersect, α2 and N are the angles where Ss and 84 intersect, α4 is the angle where Sf and thorns intersect, ml is the length t in the 8" pipe from the intersection (O), and m2 is the intersection ( O) to the tip of Ss or S4, m3 is the length from the intersection (1) of the center line of 81 and the center line of 81 or Sf to the intersection (q + m4ti) from the intersection (1) to S/or d % nX is the slit width, and X is an integer from 1 to 4.

Outside the range of (1) to (2) above, it is difficult to create the desired cross-sectional shape of the fiber. Especially α2. (1!
'! If it is outside the above range, it will be difficult to distinguish between the concave and convex portions of the cross-sectional shape of the resulting fibers, and it will not be possible to obtain satisfactory gloss, texture, etc. Also, the width (nx) of each slit may differ depending on the slit, but if the ratio (nx/mx) between the nz and the length of the slit (mX) exceeds 0.5, The cross-sectional shape of the fiber is rounded as a whole, and the surface unevenness effect is small, so that the fiber cross-section targeted by the present invention cannot be obtained.

Preferably, nx/rT'lx is 0.2 or more and 0.4 or less and 6.

Furthermore, the angle α4 at which the bifurcated slit Sf intersects with the age at both ends of Sl is preferably 30, because if it is too small or too large, the effect of eliminating white blur will decrease and the gloss of R111 will become uneven. °≦α4≦120°.

More preferably, 60°≦α4≦900.

The thermoplastic polymer melt extruded through a spinneret with such a shape is cooled by blowing cooling air of 0.3 to 2.0 m for 7 seconds in a zone of 3 to 50 crn directly below the spinneret to create a draft of 50 or more. The direction of the zero cooling air taken in is
It is preferable to blow in a direction parallel to the longest slit in the cross-sectional shape of the spinneret, as shown by the arrow in FIG.

If cooling is performed under conditions that are milder than the above conditions, it will be difficult to obtain the desired fiber cross-sectional shape, and if cooling is performed under conditions that are harsher than those used in the present invention, the spinning condition will decrease, causing problems in operability. It's coming.

If the spinning draft under the spinning conditions of the present invention is less than 50, the spinnability will deteriorate or the fiber cross section will become dango-shaped, so it is preferable! It is desirable that << is 150 or more. The spinning take-off speed is generally used and is 600 to 1,5
00 m/min is suitable, but there is no problem in spinning at a high speed exceeding this speed.

<Effects of the Invention> The composite fiber of the present invention obtained in this manner has excellent gloss and an animal hair-like texture due to its specific cross-sectional shape, so it can be used for various clothing purposes, and as a raw material for moquettes, high piles, carpets, etc. It is extremely effective as a

<Examples> The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In addition, each 1ull constant value shown in the examples was measured by the following method.

Glossiness: A cotton-like sample was thoroughly opened, aligned and fixed on a white plate, and measured using a Shimadzu photoelectric spectrophotometer T-50 at an incident light angle of 22.5°.

Each reflectance was measured at 45° and 500°.

Furthermore, the total value of these reflectances was also determined.

Intrinsic viscosity [η]: Measured at 30°C after dissolving in a mixed solvent of equal weights of phenol and tetrachloroethane.

Example 1 A polyethylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.63 dt/y and a titanium dioxide content of 0.07% had a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG.
The spun yarn was extruded at 285°C from a spindle with 200 pieces, and at a point 24t:m directly below the spinneret from 4crR, 25°C cooling air was blown at 0.8 m for 7 seconds from around the spun yarn at a draft of 380. The tow was taken off at a take-up speed of 1,000 m/min, bundled into a tow, water-bath stretched, mechanically crimped and heat treated according to a conventional method, and cut into staple 7-eyepers with a fineness of 1.5 denier. The cross section of this fiber has a shape as shown in Figure 1, and %4knee/4:43=
The ratio was 1.2:1:2.5.

The gloss of Katotako's fibers is 90% at 22.5°, 54% at 45°, and 40 at 50', a total of 184. It was possible to obtain fibers that were combined.

Example 2 A polyethylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.62 d4/P and a titanium dioxide content of 1.5% by weight was prepared using pores having a cross-sectional shape satisfying the following conditions.
It was extruded at 285°C from a nozzle having 0.00 pieces.

Cooling air at 25° C. is blown at a rate of 0.75 m/sec from around the spun yarn at a point 45 to 24 crn directly below the spinneret, and a draft of 425 m/sec is applied to the spun yarn. Pick-up speed 1.200m
I picked it up in / minute. Next, the fibers were bundled into tows, water-stretched, mechanically crimped, heat-treated, and cut into staple fibers having a fineness of 2 denier according to conventional methods.

The obtained staple fiber has a speed of 4 knees/s:ta=
The ratio is 1.2:1:3.0, and the gloss is 72 at 22.5°.
%.

29% at 45°, 20% at 50o, total 121%
It had a soft, animal hair-like texture and an excellent appearance.

The phthalate melt was extruded at 250°'''C through a die having 250 pores with a cross-sectional shape satisfying the following conditions.

Next, at 20clP1 from the 3rd line directly below the spinneret, 25cm
℃ cooling air was blown at 1.5 m/sec to rapidly cool the air, creating a draft of 1,170. It was taken at a take-up speed of 1,100 m/min. Next, it was bundled into a tow, drawn in a water bath according to a conventional method, mechanically crimped, heat treated, and cut to obtain a Stable 7 eyebar having a fineness of 8 denier. The shape of this stable fiber is 4: t2: ts=1.2
: 1 : 6.0, and the glossiness is 22.50 and 1
14 wins, 66% in 45 degrees, 50 fights in 500, total 230
% was rare.

Next, using the Stable 7 Eyeper obtained in Examples 1 to 3, spun yarns of 100% and 20/2 were respectively prepared and threaded. Then, using this dyed spun yarn as pile yarn, we obtained a moquette gray fabric by double weaving.
Backing by repeating shirring and brushing,
Cured, pile length 3■, pile density 30
I created a book/inch moquette file. As a result, these moquettes were of excellent quality, having mild gloss and soft texture, no white blurring due to changes in the angle of incidence of light, and no finger marks.

Comparative Example 1 A polyethylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.63 dt/y and a titanium dioxide content of 0.07% had a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 4 (1), and a cross-sectional area of 0.20.
- extruded through a nozzle with 1,200 pores,
Stable fibers having a fineness of 1.5 denier were obtained by spinning, drawing, crimping, heat treatment and cutting under the same conditions as in Example 1. The cross section of this fiber has a shape as shown in Figure 4 (2), and the gloss is 79% at 22.5° and 45%.
It was Sa good at 500°, 3L over at 500, and 155 over in total, making it impossible to obtain fibers with mild luster.

Furthermore, the desired texture could not be obtained.

Comparative Example 2 A polyethylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.63 di/l and a titanium dioxide content of 0.07% had a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 5 (1), and a cross-sectional area of 0.20- extruded from a nozzle with 1,200 pores,
Stable fibers having a fineness of 1.5 denier were obtained by spinning, drawing, crimping, heat treatment and cutting under the same conditions as in Example 1. The cross section of this fiber has a shape as shown in Figure 5 (2), and the gloss is 71 at 22.5° and 45
It was 44% at 50°, 32% at 50°, and the total was 15Q%, making it impossible to obtain a fiber with mild luster. I could not obtain the desired texture of the case.

Comparative Example 4 A polyethylene terephthalate melt with an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.63 di/9 and a titanium dioxide content of 0.07% fi was prepared in a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 6 (1) with a cross-sectional area of 0.20.
- extruded through a nozzle with 1,200 pores,
Cooling air at 25°C is blown from around the spun yarn at 0.8 m for 7 seconds at a draft of 380. The fibers were taken at a take-up speed of 1,000 m/min, bundled into a tow, drawn in a water bath, mechanically crimped, heat treated, and cut into stable fibers having a fineness of 1.5 tenier in accordance with conventional methods. The cross-section of this fiber was as shown in Figure 6 (2), and it was possible to obtain a fiber with mild luster and excellent texture, but when it was made into a moquette, etc. There was a mark and this defect could not be resolved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A flat cross-section fiber having a cross-sectional shape having 10 to 14 convex portions, the short axis l_1 and the long axis l_2 of the cross section.
A special cross-sectional fiber characterized in that the ratio l_1/l_2 is 1.5 to 7. (2) A flat cross-section fiber with a cross-sectional shape having 10 convex portions, the cross-section has two long and short axes of symmetry that intersect at right angles, and two concave portions on the longer axis of symmetry (A). (A), each having two convex portions (B) on the shorter axis of symmetry (B),
And the short axis l_1, the long axis l_2, and the axis of symmetry (A) (
Convex part (C) adjacent to the convex part (B) from the intersection (O) of B)
The ratio of the distance l_3, l_1:l_2:l_3, is 1 to
A special cross-sectional fiber characterized by a ratio of 1.5:1.5 to 7:1. (8) From the intersection (C) of the two orthogonal long and short slits S_1 and S_2 and the center lines of S_1 and S_2, S_1 and S
It has slits S_3 and S_4 extending radially between _2, and slits S'_1 and S''_1 which are bifurcated at both ends of the longer slit S_1, and slits S_1,
S′_1, S″_1, S_2, S_3, and S_4 each satisfy the following relationship, and the cross-sectional area is 0.05 mm^2
A spinneret characterized by the above. α_1=90°±5°, 35°≦α_2=α_3≦45
°, α_4 = 15 ° ~ 170 ° m_1: m_2: m_3 + m_4 COS (1/2 α_4
)=1~2:1:1.5~12m_2≦m_1<m_3
+m_4COS(1/2α_4)n_X/m_X≦0.
5 (However, α_1 is the angle where S_1 and S_2 intersect, α_2
and α_3 is the angle at which S_1 intersects S_3 or S_4,
α_4 indicates the angle at which S′_1 and S″_1 intersect. m_
1 is the length from the intersection (C) to the tip of S_2, m_2 is the length from the intersection (C) to the tip of S_3 or S_4, m_
3 is the length from the intersection (Y) of the center line of S_1 and the center line of S′_1 or S″_1 to the intersection (C), m_4 is from the intersection (Y) to the tip of S′_1 or S″_1 Indicates the length of Further, n_X represents the slit width, and X represents an integer from 1 to 4. ) (4) Extrude the melt of the thermoplastic polymer using the spinneret according to claim (3), and blow cooling air at a rate of 0.3 to 2.0 m/sec at a position 3 to 50 cm directly below the spinneret to form a spun yarn. A method for producing a special cross-section fiber, which comprises blowing it onto a strip, cooling it, and taking it off at a draft of 50 or more.