JPH035934B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention primarily relates to an assembly device for automatically assembling a crankshaft to a conrod of a vehicle engine.

(Prior Art) The applicant of the present application previously proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 60-232346 a cylinder block in which a piston with a connecting rod is inserted into the upper side of the machine frame, and a setting table that can be freely positioned with the connecting rod hanging down. A lifting platform is provided below the machine frame to raise and lower a setting jig that is placed under the setting table, and a crankshaft and a stove cap can be freely set on the setting jig. As the tool rises, the pin of the crankshaft comes into contact with the large end of the conrod, and the conrod bolt of the large end is inserted into the bolt hole of the conrod cap, and the nut is inserted into the setting jig. We proposed a crankshaft assembly device that tightens using a nut runner mounted on a tool.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, when a nut runner is mounted on a setting jig, the setting jig tends to become complicated and large. It is necessary to provide a nut runner for each setting jig, which causes the problem that the entire apparatus becomes expensive.

Also, since the piston and connecting rod are assembled so that there is a relatively large play in the axial direction of the piston pin, it is necessary to insert this into the cylinder block with the center line of the connecting rod in the hanging direction aligned with the axis of the piston. However, when transporting the cylinder block to the assembly station, the connecting rod may shift in the axial direction of the piston pin. There is a risk of damaging the metal of the big end when making contact, and before assembling the crankshaft to the connecting rod, do not touch the metal attached to the big end or the metal attached to the shaft support of the cylinder block. Furthermore, it is desirable to be able to automatically inspect the presence or absence of thrust washers attached to the inner surfaces of the crank arms on both sides of the journal portion of the crankshaft, thereby preventing forgetting to attach these metals or washers.

An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that can solve these problems and satisfy the above needs.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cylinder block with a connecting rod attached to the upper side of the machine frame, and a setting table that can freely position the cylinder block with the connecting rod hanging down. A lifting platform is provided below the machine frame to raise and lower a setting jig that is placed under the setting table, and a crankshaft and a stove cap can be freely set on the setting jig. By raising the tool, the pin part of the crankshaft is brought into contact with the large end of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod bolt of the large end is inserted into the bolt hole of the connecting rod cap, and a nut is tightened thereon. In the crankshaft assembly equipment,
A nut runner is provided at the tip of the setting jig with a socket in which a nut can be set freely, and a nut runner is attached to the lifting platform and is connected to the socket via a mounting plate that can be moved up and down in conjunction with the socket and can be moved up and down with respect to the lifting table. and a positioning means for positioning the connecting rod in the axial direction of the piston pin so that the center line in the hanging direction of the connecting rod coincides with the axis of the piston, and a positioning means for positioning the connecting rod in the axial direction of the piston pin so that the center line in the hanging direction of the connecting rod coincides with the axis of the piston; A metal detector that detects the presence or absence of the attached metal and/or the metal attached to the big end, and a washer detector that detects the presence or absence of the thrust washer attached to the inner surface of the crank arm on both sides of the journal part of the crankshaft. It is characterized by having the following.

(Function) The setting jig is equipped with only a socket at its tip that can freely set a nut, and the lifting platform that raises and lowers the setting jig is equipped with a nut runner that can be freely connected to the socket, which simplifies the setting jig. Moreover, when a plurality of setting jigs are prepared, it is sufficient to prepare a nut runner for one setting jig, and the entire apparatus can be obtained at a relatively low cost.

In addition, the positioning means moves the connecting rod to its axial center with respect to the piston pin, and the posture of the connecting rod is fixed by its own weight, and the center line of the connecting rod is aligned with the axis of the piston. To accurately abut the pin part of a crankshaft on the big end without damaging the metal.

Furthermore, metal detectors and washer detectors automatically inspect the metal of the shaft support of the cylinder block, the metal of the big end, and the presence or absence of thrust washers on the inner surfaces of both crank arms of the crankshaft. The crankshaft cannot be assembled without it.

(Example) The drawing shows a piston C with connecting rod B inserted into each cylinder bore of a cylinder block A of an in-line four-cylinder engine in advance, and then transported to a predetermined assembly station to assemble a crankshaft D. An embodiment is shown, and with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, 1 is a roller conveyor for conveying the cylinder block A, 2 is a machine frame provided at an assembly station, and 3 is a roller conveyor for conveying a cylinder block A.
numeral 4 is a lifting platform provided on the lower side of the machine frame 2, and the set table 3 is slidable on a rail 5 vertically installed on the machine frame 2. The cylinder block A conveyed by the roller conveyor 1 is supported on the work receiver 7 by the raising of the setting table 3, and is slightly lifted from the conveyor 1. Each cooking rod B can be positioned in a hanging state, and the lifting platform 4 is slidably attached to a rail 8 hung vertically on the machine frame 2, and the screw rod 9 provided on the machine frame 2 is attached to the platform 4. A motor 10 is screwed into the nut sleeve 4a of the lifting platform 4 and rotates the screw rod 9 in the forward and reverse directions.
This allows the lifting platform 4 to be moved up and down.

Then, the setting jig 11 placed under the setting table 3 is raised and lowered by the movement of the lifting table 4, and the crankshaft D and stove cap E are set on the setting jig 11. 11 is raised, the pin part P of the crankshaft D is brought into contact with the large end of the connecting rod B, and the connecting rod bolt F of the large end is inserted into the bolt hole of the connecting rod cap E, and the nut N is inserted into it. I tried to tighten it.

More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the setting jig 11 has a structure that fits into the chamfered portion G of one end of the crankshaft D on the upper side of the pallet 12 to rotate the crankshaft D. A support 13 for stopping and supporting the other end, and a support 14 for supporting the other end are biased upward by respective springs 15, and the crankshaft D can be freely set on these supports 13 and 14. The pallet 12 is provided with a plurality of sockets 16 each of which is biased upwardly by a spring 17, as shown in FIG.
8a so as to be freely retractable, and a connecting rod cap E can be positioned and held at the tip of each socket 16 by inserting each pin 18 into each bolt hole thereof.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, on the upper side of the lifting platform 4,
A plurality of positioning pins 19 are provided upwardly and retractably,
These positioning pins 19 are made to protrude, and the tips of the pins 19 are inserted into the through holes 12a of the pallet 12 of the setting jig 11 that is loaded from the conveyor 20 placed on the side of the lifting table 4. However, the setting jig 11 can be positioned.

Further, a mounting plate 21 is provided directly below the lifting table 4 so as to be movable up and down along a rail (not shown) vertically disposed on the machine frame 2, and a drive shaft for each socket 16 of the setting jig 11 is attached to the mounting plate 21. A plurality of nut runners 22 each having a recessed portion 22a at the tip that can be freely engaged and detached from the nut runner 16a are vertically disposed, and the piston rod of the docking cylinder 23 attached to the mounting plate 21 is connected to the lifting table 4. The lifting table 4 is moved up and down by the operation of the docking cylinder 23, and the lifting table 4 is moved in conjunction with the lifting and lowering movement.

In the illustrated example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a pair of first sliders 24 are provided on the mounting plate 21 and are fixed to the mounting plate 21 and are movable along a longitudinal rail 24a. A plurality of second sliders 25 are inserted into a longitudinally elongated guide bar 25a fixed to each first slider 24, and the nut runner 22 is attached to each second slider 25, and each of the first and second sliders is attached to the second slider 25. 24 and 25, and a guide pin 26 is provided upright on each of the second sliders 25, so that when the docking cylinder 23 is operated toward the docking side, each of the sockets is moved in the horizontal direction. 16 drive shafts 16
Prior to the engagement between the drive shaft 16a and the recess 22a at the tip of each nut runner 22, each guide pin 26 is inserted into the guide hole 11a formed in the setting jig 11, and the drive shaft 16a and the recess 22a are connected to each other. It is possible to perform reliable centering and also to be compatible with setting jigs 11 for different models.

In the drawing, 27 is the setting jig 11 installed on the lifting platform 4.
The dispensing conveyor 28 indicates a topper that restricts the movement of each nut runner 22 in the horizontal direction.

Further, positioning means 29 is provided at a side position of the setting table 3 above the machine frame 2, and aligns each connecting rod B hanging down from the cylinder block A set on the setting table 3 with respect to the piston pin. It was moved toward the center in the direction so that the center line of each connecting rod B in the hanging direction could coincide with the axis of the piston C.

In the illustrated positioning means 29, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the large end of each connecting rod B is attached to a movable frame 30 that moves back and forth in the horizontal direction toward the cylinder block A on the setting table 3. The movable frame 3 includes four positioning tools 31 each having a guide groove 31a at the tip for inserting and positioning the movable frame 3.
a first movable frame 32 that moves forward and backward with a first cylinder 32b along a rail 32a fixed to the machine frame 2;
A second movable frame 33 moves forward and backward relative to the first movable frame 32 with a second cylinder 33a, and each positioning tool 31 is attached to the second movable frame 33 in the crankshaft direction via each slide bearing 34. The first of these four positioning tools 31 is movably attached.
Both positioning tools 31, 31 indicated by W and Y in Figure 0,
Both the positioning tools 31, 31 indicated by X and Z are connected by each rod 35, and the positioning tool 31 of Y is connected.
The cylinder 36 is attached to the tail end of the cylinder 36, and the piston rod 36a of the cylinder 36 is attached to the tail end of the X positioning tool 31, and the movement of both the X and Y positioning tools 31, 31 is restricted to the second movable frame 33. Each stopper 37, 37 is provided so that the movement of the first movable frame 32 due to the forward movement of the first cylinder 32b allows the positioning tool 31 to move forward to the vicinity of the large end of each connecting rod B. The movement of the second movable frame 33 due to the forward movement of the second cylinder 33a allows the large ends to be inserted into the respective guide grooves 31a, and the movement of the second movable frame 33 by the movement of the second cylinder 33a to the forward side allows insertion of the large ends into the respective guide grooves 31a. The four positioning tools 31 are moved between a state in which the distances are relatively wide, indicated by solid lines, and a state indicated by chain lines, in which they are relatively narrow, so that they can correspond to two types of cylinder blocks A.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, a metal detector 40 is provided on the machine frame 2, and a metal detector ₄₀ is installed on each shaft of the cylinder block A set on the setting table 3. The presence or absence of metal _M2 attached to the large end of each conrod B hanging from block A can be inspected.

To explain this in detail, in the illustrated example, the machine frame 2
As clearly shown in FIG. 12, a movable frame 41 is provided directly below the cylinder block A set on the setting table 3 and can move forward and backward from the side thereof.
Five metal detectors 400 each comprising a magnetic sensor are erected on the upper surface of the machine frame 2 at approximately equal intervals in the bore pitch, and the movable frame 41 is slidable on a rail 42 vertically disposed on the machine frame 2. A rodless cylinder 44 is provided on the lifting base 43 attached to the lifting base 43, and a rodless cylinder 44 is provided on the lifting base 43 so as to be movable in the axial direction of the crankshaft D. A screw is inserted into the movable frame 41, and a motor 46 that rotates the screw rod 45 in the forward and backward directions allows the lift base 43 to move up and down, and the rodless cylinder 44 operates to move the crankshaft D from the axially sideward retreat position. It is now possible to move the cylinder block forward and backward toward the A side.

In addition, Fig. 2, Fig. 15, and Fig. 16 are attached to the machine frame 2.
As shown in the figure, a washer detector 47 is provided to inspect the presence or absence of the thrust washers W set in the setting jig 11 and attached to the inner surfaces of the crank arms K, K on both sides of the journal portion J of the crankshaft D. I made it.

To explain this in detail, as shown in FIG. 15, the washer detector 47 is attached to the tip of a slide member 49 that is attached to a guide member 48 provided on the machine frame 2 so as to be slidable in the lateral direction. The washer detector 47 has a crankshaft mounted on both sides of the washer detector 47, so that the actuation of the cylinder 50 causes the crankshaft D to move forward and backward from the laterally outward retreat position to the crankshaft D side. D
Air discharge ports 51 to the inner surfaces of the respective thrust washers W on the inner surfaces of the above-mentioned crank arms K, K,
51, and a common air inlet 52 is provided at the tail end of the washer detector 47 to communicate with both air outlets 51, 51, and the air inlet 52 is clearly shown in FIG. Pressure switch 5
3. Connected to an air supply source 56 via a pressure reducing valve 54 and a switching valve 55.

In the drawing, reference numerals 57 and 57 indicate four bolt holders that advance and retreat in the lateral direction toward the cylinder block A on the setting table 3. By moving forward toward the cylinder block A side, the heads of the conrod bolts F at the large end of each conrod B are covered from above to prevent them from coming out from the large end when inserted into the bolt holes of the conrod cap E. suppress.

Reference numeral 59 indicates a positioning member 60 provided on the setting jig 11 which is inserted into the journal portion J of the crankshaft D to position the shaft D in the axial direction.
6 is a washer presser at the tip of the positioning member 59 that presses each thrust washer W so that it does not fall off.
Reference numeral 1 indicates rubber or other cushioning material inserted around the outer periphery of the tip of each metal detector 40.

Next, to explain the operation of the embodiment, first, the piston C with connecting rod B is moved by the roller conveyor 1.
The cylinder block A with the inserted cylinder block A is transported and positioned on the setting table 3 of the assembly station, and then the movable frame 41 is moved to a predetermined first detection position directly below the cylinder block A by the operation of the rodless cylinder 44. Each metal detector 40 is moved forward to a position facing each shaft support, and then the motor 46 is activated to move the movable frame 41 so that the tip of each detector 40 is aligned with the metal detector 40 of each shaft support. Rise to a predetermined position one inch before contacting M ₁ , and touch each detector 40.
Inspect the presence or absence of metal _M1 on each shaft support.

Next, after the movable frame 41 is lowered a little, each of the four detectors 40 from the tip of the movable frame 41 is moved back to the second detection position facing the large end of each conrod B, and then the motor 46 is activated. movable frame 41
As shown in FIG. 14, the tip of each detector 40 rises to a predetermined position one inch before contacting the metal _M2 of each large end, and each detector 40 moves the metal M2 of each large end to a predetermined position. Inspect for the presence of ₂ .

Next, the movable frame 41 is lowered and further retreated, after which each positioning tool 31 is moved to the first and second cylinders 32a, 3
3a moves the cylinder block A side forward. According to this, the large end of each connecting rod B is inserted into the guide groove 31a of each positioning tool 31, and the piston is moved so that the connecting rod B is located at the center of the piston pin. The pins are positioned in the axial direction, and the posture of the connecting rods B is fixedly determined by their own weight, so that the center line of each connecting rod B in the hanging direction coincides with the axis of the piston C.

Next, each bolt retainer 57 is attached to the cylinders 58, 58.
As a result of the operation, the cylinder block A is moved forward and each positioning tool 31 is moved backward.

In addition, a setting jig 1 is provided in which the crankshaft D and the stove cap E are set on the upper side of the lifting platform 4.
1, and position it on the lifting platform 4. Next, the washer detector 47 is moved forward toward the crankshaft D side by the operation of the cylinder 50, and as shown in FIG. Insert between arms K and K, and both air discharge ports 5
The presence or absence of each thrust washer W is inspected by blowing out air from 1 and 51.

That is, if there is no thrust washer W on at least one of the opposing surfaces of both crank arms K, K, the gap between the air discharge hole 51 of the washer detector 47 and one crank arm K becomes relatively wide. , the exhaust pressure decreases and is detected by the pressure switch 53.

Next, the washer detector 47 is moved back, and after the above-mentioned inspection of each metal M ₁ and M ₂ and the positioning of the conrod B are completed, the motor 10 is activated to raise the lifting platform 4 to remove the large end of each conrod B. The pins P of the crankshaft D are brought into contact with the respective pins P of the crankshaft D, and the large end conrod bolts F are inserted into the bolt holes of the respective conrod caps E, and then the docking cylinder 23 is actuated and the lifting platform 4 is On the other hand, the mounting plate 21 is raised and the drive shaft 16a of each socket 16 is connected to the recess 22a of each nut runner 22 to operate each nut runner 22. According to this, each nut N is attached to each connecting rod bolt F. Tightened.

Thereafter, the elevating table 4 is lowered, the setting jig 11 is delivered by the conveyor 27, and the cylinder block A on the setting table 3 is delivered by the roller conveyor 1 to complete the assembly work.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, since the socket which can freely set nuts on the setting jig and the nut runner on the lifting table are separately arranged, the setting jig can be made simple and relatively small. If multiple setting jigs are prepared, one nut runner is sufficient for the setting jig, which makes the device inexpensive, and also allows the crankshaft to be reliably assembled to the large end of the connecting rod without damaging the metal. Furthermore, the presence or absence of the metal of the shaft support, the metal of the large end, and the thrust washer can be automatically inspected using the metal detector and the washer detector, which has the effect of reliably preventing forgetting to attach these metals and thrust washers.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an example of the device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view taken along the - line, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the main parts, FIG. 4 is a view taken along the - line, and FIG. That-
A cutaway sectional view, Figure 6 is a front view of the setting jig, and Figure 7 is a front view of the setting jig.
The figure is a plan view thereof, FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line -- of FIG. 6, FIG. 9 is a side view of the alignment means, FIG. 10 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 11 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 12 is a side view of the metal detector, and Figure 13 is its -
FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view, FIG. 14 is an operating diagram thereof, FIG. 15 is an enlarged side view of the washer detector, and FIG. 16 is a plan view of a portion thereof. 2... Machine frame, 3... Setting table, 4... Lifting table,
11...Set jig, 16...Socket, 21...
... Mounting plate, 22 ... Nut runner, 29 ... Positioning means, 40 ... Metal detector, 47 ... Washer detector, A ... Cylinder block, B ... Conn rod, C ... Piston, D ... Crankshaft , E...Conrod cap, F...Conrod bolt, N...Nut, W...Thrust washer, _M1 ...Metal of shaft support, _M2 ...Metal of large end, P...Crankshaft Pin part, J...
...Crankshaft journal section, K, K...
crank arm.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A setting table that can freely position a cylinder block with a piston with a connecting rod inserted in the upper side of the machine frame with the connecting rod hanging down, and a setting jig placed under the setting table on the lower side of the machine frame. A crankshaft and a conrod cap can be freely set on the setting jig, and as the setting jig rises, a pin portion of the crankshaft comes into contact with a large end of the conrod. In addition, in the crankshaft assembly device in which the large-end connecting rod bolt is inserted into the bolt hole of the connecting rod cap and a nut is tightened thereon, the setting jig includes a socket that can freely set the nut at the tip. At the same time, the elevating platform is provided with a
A nut runner is provided that can be moved up and down in conjunction with this and can be connected to the socket via a mounting plate that can be moved up and down with respect to the lifting platform, and the center line of the cooking stove in the hanging direction is aligned with the machine frame. A positioning means for positioning the connecting rod in the axial direction of the piston pin so as to match the axis of the piston, and detecting the presence or absence of a metal attached to each shaft support of the cylinder block and/or a metal attached to the large end. A crankshaft assembly device comprising a metal detector and a washer detector for detecting the presence or absence of a thrust washer attached to the inner surface of a crank arm on both sides of a journal portion of the crankshaft.