JPH0351050Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] "Industrial Application Field" The present invention relates to a tool lock operating device for locking the shank of a tool holder to a turret.

``Prior Art'' As a conventional technique, there is one shown in FIG. 6, for example.

That is, the figure shows a tool lock 2 that detachably holds the tool holder A on the outer periphery of the turret 1.
The operating device 3 for the tool lock 2 is shown fixedly attached to the machine tool main body.

The turret 1 is supported by the machine tool body so as to be rotatable and indexable about the shaft 1a, and the tool lock 2 is connected to the mounting hole 2a into which the shank A1 of the tool holder A fits and the overlapping disc spring 2b. It has an energized locking rod 2c, and the locking rod 2c pushes out the locking ball 2d to open the shank A.
1 and the connecting ball 2e.
The drawing member 2f is drawn through the locking ball 2d, thereby drawing the shank A1 to the mounting hole 2a through the locking ball 2d and locking the shank A1. The operating device 3 is arranged at one location corresponding to the outer circumference of the turret 1, and
This cylinder has an operating end 3a that pushes the rear end of the cylinder. When the operating end 3a pushes the rear end of the locking rod 2c, the locking ball 2d falls into the groove of the locking rod 2c, and the locking of the shank A1 is released.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" However, in such conventional tool locks and their operating devices, the lock rod 2c is moved vertically while the strong biasing force of the disc spring 2b is applied, so the sliding resistance is large and the tool lock is not engaged. The vicinity of the stop ball 2d is prone to wear, and since a large elastic deformation stroke is required, the internal stress of the disc spring 2b becomes large, which tends to cause problems in durability.

The present invention was devised in view of these conventional problems, and aims to provide a tool lock operating device that does not cause problems due to wear and fatigue.

``Means for Solving the Problems'' The gist of the present invention for achieving the above object is to attach the shank portion of the tool holder of the tool to the tool mounting portion of the turret that is rotatably supported on the turret support base. In the tool lock mechanism and operation mechanism for locking, a first operated member that clamps the tool to the tool mounting portion by locking a plurality of locking balls in locking grooves provided in the turret so as to be freely advanced and retractable. and a first biasing means that always biases the first operated member toward the turret support side; a second operated member that is freely provided and has a groove for dropping the locking ball and releasing the tool clamp when moved toward the tool; and a second operated member that is always placed on the turret support side. a second biasing means for biasing the tool lock mechanism; a cylinder of an operating mechanism provided independently on the turret support base opposite to the tool lock mechanism comprising the mechanism; a first piston that reciprocates in the same direction as the first piston; a second piston provided within the first piston that reciprocates in the same direction as the first piston; a first oil chamber provided in the cylinder for contacting a member; a first oil port for supplying pressurized oil to the first oil chamber; provided on the first piston for contacting the member;
a second oil chamber communicating with the first oil chamber and having a smaller pressure receiving area than the first oil chamber; a second oil chamber provided in the cylinder for moving the first piston toward the turret support base; 1st
a third oil chamber having a smaller pressure receiving area than the oil chamber;
a second oil port for supplying pressure oil to the third oil chamber; provided on the first piston to move the second piston toward the turret support base;
a fourth oil chamber communicating with the third oil chamber and having a pressure receiving area smaller than the third oil chamber and larger than the second oil chamber; the first oil port and the second oil chamber; and a directional switching valve for switching the pressure oil supply direction of the oil port, and when releasing the lock of the tool, the pressure oil is supplied to the first oil port, and the pressure oil is supplied to the first piston and the second piston. When the tools are moved forward together, the first operated member is pressed by the first piston, the second operated member is operated by the pressure of the second piston, and the tool is locked. Pressure oil is supplied to the oil port and the second oil port, first the second piston is retracted, and then the second piston is
The tool lock operating device is characterized in that pressure oil is supplied only to the oil port of the tool lock, and the first piston is moved backward.

``Function'' Therefore, the tool lock, which is operated in two stages by the first operated part and the second operated part to prevent wear and fatigue, is moved between the first operating end and the second operating end.
The engagement and disengagement operations are ensured by the operating end of the .

“Embodiment” An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a support shaft 1 is attached to a machine body 11 of a machine tool 10, which is a turret lathe.
A turret 20 is attached to the turret 20 so as to be indexable and positionable, and tool locks 30, 30, . . . are disposed along the circumference of the turret 20. An operating device 40 is fixedly installed on the side surface of the support base 60 of the turret 20 of the machine body 11 in correspondence with the tool lock 30 at a predetermined position. Each tool lock 30 holds a tool B or the like via a tool holder 50.

As shown in FIG. 2, the tool lock 30 is attached to a mounting hole 21 formed in the turret 20. A tapered sleeve 32 having a tapered receiving hole 31 is fixed to the front side of the mounting hole 21, and a vertically moving member 34 is held in a support hole 33 at the base of the tapered sleeve 32 so as to be movable back and forth. Tapered receiving hole 31
The shank 51 of the tool holder 50 is fitted into the shank 51 of the tool holder 50.

At the rear end of the vertically moving member 34, there is a rear member 3 that is slidably fitted into the rear part of the mounting hole 21 of the turret 20.
5 is fixedly installed, and the rear member 35 and the tapered sleeve 3
A superimposed disc spring 36 that biases the vertically movable member 34 rearward (rightward in FIG. 2) is stretched between the rear surface of the rotary member 2 and the rear surface of the rotary member 2 . Locking balls 37 are held in a plurality of holes 34a at the front end of the vertically movable member 34.

A release rod 38 is vertically supported inside the vertically movable member 34, and a pushed pin 39 is screwed into the rear end of the release rod 38 and is integral with the release rod. Furthermore, the release rod 38 is biased rearward by a coil spring 38a via the flange portion, and a pressed pin 39 is provided to protrude from the rear member 35 from the rear end. The distal end of the release rod 38 has a push-up surface 38 of the locking ball 37 and a locking ball 37.
A drop-in groove 38c into which the metal can fall is formed.

A locking groove 52 into which the locking ball 37 fits is formed in the shank 51 of the tool holder 50 .

As shown in FIG. 1, the operating device 40 has a housing 41 fixed to the side surface of a turret support base 60 of the machine body 11 of the machine tool 10.
A first cylinder 42 is formed inside the first cylinder 42.
A large piston 43 is held movably in the cylinder 42 of the housing 41, and the tip of the large rod 44 of the large piston 43 is ring-shaped.
It is arranged so that it can protrude from a.

Inside the large piston 43 is a second cylinder 45.
is formed, and a small piston 4 is formed in the second cylinder 45.
The small piston 46 has a front part 46a with a small diameter and a rear part 46b with a larger diameter than the front part 46a.
A small rod 47 is disposed to be slidable in the axial direction within the stroke range of the large piston 43 within the first cylinder 42 from the front portion 46a. Large rod 44 and small rod 47 are turrets 2
0 is indexed and stopped, the rear member 35 and release rod 38 of one tool lock 30 are facing each other.

The rear part of the first cylinder 42 and the second cylinder 4
5 and the front part of the outer periphery of the rear part 46b of the small piston 46, a port 41b for sending hydraulic pressure there and a port 41c for sending hydraulic pressure to the front part of the second cylinder 45 are provided in the housing 41. It is being 3 for port 41b and port 41c
A position control valve 48 is connected.

In the embodiment described above, the rear member 35 of the vertically movable member 34 of the tool lock 30 constitutes the first operated part, the pressed pin 39 of the release rod 38 constitutes the second operated part, and the first The rear member 35, which is the operated part, requires a large operating force because it is urged by the disc spring 36, whereas the pushed pin 39, which is the second operated part, requires a relatively small operating force. Correspondingly, a strong operating force is applied by the large piston 43 to the large rod 44 of the first cylinder 42 that pushes the rear member 35 of the vertically moving member 34, and a second force that pushes the pressed pin 39 of the release rod 38 is applied. A relatively small operating force is applied to the small rod 47 of the cylinder 45 by the small piston 46.

Next, the action will be explained.

The tool holder 5 is shown in the upper part of Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 a.
0 is in a clamped state, and the disc spring 36
The vertically moving member 34 is strongly urged backwards, and the shank 51 of the tool holder 50 is attracted through the hole 34a, the locking ball 37, and the locking groove 52, and the shank 51 is fitted into the tapered receiving hole 31. It is maintained as such.

When attaching or detaching the tool holder 50 from the tool lock 30, hydraulic pressure is supplied to the port 41b by the control valve 48. Then, the large piston 43 receives hydraulic pressure from the rear and moves forward, and the small piston 46 also moves forward together, and the large rod 44 and the small rod 47 approach the rear member 35 of the tool lock 30 and the pressed pin 39 of the release rod 38. .

The large rod 44 and the small rod 47 may be set so that either one contacts the respective object first, but the vertically moving member 34 is strongly urged backward by the disc spring 36, and the locking ball 37 is pried. Since it is in pressure contact with the push-up surface 38b, even if the small rod 47 contacts the pushed pin 39 first, the force is weak, so that the released rod 38 cannot be pushed forward by pushing the pushed pin 39.

When the large rod 44 comes into contact with the rear member 35, it pushes with a strong force, causing the vertically moving member 34 to move forward. When the hole 34a moves forward even by a small amount (about 1 mm), the locking ball 37 is moved forward and the locking ball 37 is fitted with a disc spring 36.
The urging force of will no longer apply. Therefore, the release rod 38
can now be easily moved forward by the force of the small piston 46, and the pushed pin 39 is pushed in by the small rod 47, resulting in the state shown in FIG. 5b below the center line in FIG.

In this state, the locking ball 37 falls into the drop groove 38c of the release rod 38, and the locking groove 5
2, the shank 51 is unlocked and the tool holder 50 can be removed from the tool lock 30 and the turret 20.

When the tool holder 50 is released, replaced, and then clamped again, the control valve 48 simultaneously supplies hydraulic pressure to the ports 41b and 41c. Then, the small piston 46 moves backward relative to the large piston 43 due to the difference in force caused by the difference in diameter between the front part 46a and the rear part 46b of the small piston 46, and the small rod 47 first catches the release rod 38. After separating from the push pin 39, the large rod 44 separates from the rear member 35 of the vertically moving member 34 with a slight delay.

Since the small rod 47 and the large rod 44 operate with a time difference, the release rod 38 is
It is not affected by the biasing force of the disc spring 36 and retreats without being twisted, and the locking ball 37 pushes up against the push-up surface 3.
8b and enters the locking groove 52 of the shank 51, and then the vertical moving member 34 retreats and the shank 5
1 is attracted and is firmly fitted into the tapered receiving hole 31.

"Effect of the invention" According to the tool lock operating device according to the invention, it is possible to effectively operate the tool lock that operates in two stages, so the tool lock can be easily installed on the machine tool without causing problems of wear and stress. can do.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention, with Figure 1 being a longitudinal sectional view of the operating device, and Figure 2 being a longitudinal sectional view of the tool lock, showing the operating state of the upper and lower parts. Figure 3 is a front view of the machine tool, Figure 4 is a front view of the vicinity of the turret, and Figure 5 is a front view of the machine tool.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the operating device, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example. 10...Machine tool, 11...Machine body, 20...
... Turret, 21 ... Mounting hole, 30 ... Tool lock, 35 ... Rear member (first operated part), 3
8... Release rod (second operated part), 40...
Operating device, 41...housing, 42...first cylinder, 45...second cylinder, 44...large rod, 47...small rod.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A tool lock mechanism and operating mechanism for locking a shank portion of a tool holder of a tool to a tool mounting portion of a turret rotatably supported on a turret support base, wherein A first operated member that clamps the tool to the tool mounting portion by locking a plurality of locking balls in a locking groove provided therein; and a first operated member that is constantly biased toward the turret support side. a first biasing means provided inside the first operated member so as to be able to move forward and backward in the same direction as the first operated member, and dropping the locking ball when the first operated member moves toward the tool side; a second operated member having a groove formed therein for releasing the tool clamp; a second biasing means for constantly biasing the second operated member toward the turret support; and a tool lock mechanism comprising the above mechanism. a cylinder of an operating mechanism that is independently provided on the turret support stand facing the turret support; a first piston that is provided within this cylinder and reciprocates toward the tool lock mechanism; a second piston that reciprocates in the same direction as the first piston; and a first oil chamber provided in the cylinder for bringing the first piston into contact with the first operated member. , a first oil port for supplying pressure oil to the first oil chamber; provided on the first piston to bring the second piston into contact with the second operated member;
a second oil chamber communicating with the first oil chamber and having a smaller pressure receiving area than the first oil chamber; a second oil chamber provided in the cylinder for moving the first piston toward the turret support base; 1st
a third oil chamber having a pressure-receiving area smaller than that of the oil chamber; a second oil port for supplying pressure oil to the third oil chamber; and a third oil chamber for moving the second piston toward the turret support. Provided on the first piston,
a fourth oil chamber communicating with the third oil chamber and having a pressure receiving area smaller than the third oil chamber and larger than the second oil chamber; the first oil port and the second oil chamber; and a directional switching valve for switching the pressure oil supply direction of the oil port, and when releasing the lock of the tool, the pressure oil is supplied to the first oil port, and the pressure oil is supplied to the first piston and the second piston. When the tools are moved forward together, the first operated member is pressed by the first piston, the second operated member is operated by the pressure of the second piston, and the tool is locked. Pressure oil is supplied to the oil port and the second oil port, first the second piston is retracted, and then the second piston is
An operating device for a tool lock, characterized in that pressure oil is supplied only to an oil port of the tool lock, and the first piston is moved backward.