JPH0349944A - アルミニウム製熱交換器およびその製法 - Google Patents
アルミニウム製熱交換器およびその製法Info
- Publication number
- JPH0349944A JPH0349944A JP1184329A JP18432989A JPH0349944A JP H0349944 A JPH0349944 A JP H0349944A JP 1184329 A JP1184329 A JP 1184329A JP 18432989 A JP18432989 A JP 18432989A JP H0349944 A JPH0349944 A JP H0349944A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- antibacterial
- aluminum
- heat exchanger
- protective layer
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ZHDBTKPXEJDTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyrithione Chemical group [O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1SSC1=CC=CC=[N+]1[O-] ZHDBTKPXEJDTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003429 antifungal agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 21
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 8
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- WMYWOWFOOVUPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-L dihydroxy(dioxo)chromium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.O[Cr](O)(=O)=O WMYWOWFOOVUPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiabendazole Chemical compound S1C=NC(C=2NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000010296 thiabendazole Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000228143 Penicillium Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KHEMNHQQEMAABL-UHFFFAOYSA-J dihydroxy(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound O[Cr](O)(=O)=O.O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KHEMNHQQEMAABL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004308 thiabendazole Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004546 thiabendazole Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001163841 Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001207508 Cladosporium sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588914 Enterobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012369 In process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000235070 Saccharomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007744 chromate conversion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007739 conversion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010965 in-process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ILVXOBCQQYKLDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine N-oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1 ILVXOBCQQYKLDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008786 sensory perception of smell Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/20—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing development of microorganisms
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1184329A JPH0349944A (ja) | 1989-07-17 | 1989-07-17 | アルミニウム製熱交換器およびその製法 |
| US07/552,754 US5070938A (en) | 1989-07-17 | 1990-07-16 | Aluminum heat exchanger and method of manufacturing same |
| AU59033/90A AU619995B2 (en) | 1989-07-17 | 1990-07-16 | Aluminum heat exchanger and method of manufacturing same |
| EP90113556A EP0409130B1 (fr) | 1989-07-17 | 1990-07-16 | Echangeur de chaleur en aluminium et sa méthode de fabrication |
| DE69008063T DE69008063T2 (de) | 1989-07-17 | 1990-07-16 | Aluminium-Wärmetauscher und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung. |
| US07/793,562 US5201119A (en) | 1989-07-17 | 1991-11-18 | Method of manufacturing an aluminum heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1184329A JPH0349944A (ja) | 1989-07-17 | 1989-07-17 | アルミニウム製熱交換器およびその製法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0349944A true JPH0349944A (ja) | 1991-03-04 |
Family
ID=16151414
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1184329A Pending JPH0349944A (ja) | 1989-07-17 | 1989-07-17 | アルミニウム製熱交換器およびその製法 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5070938A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0409130B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH0349944A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU619995B2 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE69008063T2 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5350445A (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1994-09-27 | Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. | Hydrophilic coating composition and bath containing same |
| US5514248A (en) * | 1990-08-20 | 1996-05-07 | Showa Aluminum Corporation | Stack type evaporator |
| US5800673A (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1998-09-01 | Showa Aluminum Corporation | Stack type evaporator |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5470431A (en) * | 1990-08-20 | 1995-11-28 | Showa Aluminum Corp. | Stack type evaporator |
| CA2075686C (fr) * | 1992-04-03 | 2003-02-11 | Nobuyuki Okuda | Evaporateur |
| US5538078A (en) * | 1994-04-08 | 1996-07-23 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Aluminum-containing metal composite material and process for producing same |
| GB2295828B (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1997-05-28 | Nihon Parkerizing | Aqueous hydrophililzation treatment composition and method for aluminum-containing metal material |
| US5545438A (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1996-08-13 | Betz Laboratories, Inc. | Hydrophilic treatment for aluminum |
| JP4333011B2 (ja) * | 2000-08-30 | 2009-09-16 | 株式会社デンソー | 熱交換器の汚染防止方法およびこの方法に用いる熱交換器 |
| US6705391B1 (en) | 2001-10-19 | 2004-03-16 | Scott Jay Lewin | Heat exchanger |
| JP4134607B2 (ja) * | 2001-11-05 | 2008-08-20 | 株式会社デンソー | ポリアニリンを含む皮膜を表面に備える基材および基材の表面に形成された皮膜の成膜方法 |
| FR2837272B1 (fr) * | 2002-03-13 | 2004-07-16 | Valeo Climatisation | Procede de traitement de surface d'un evaporateur brase |
| FR2873797B1 (fr) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-11-24 | Valeo Climatisation Sa | Procede pour la fabrication d'un echangeur de chaleur comportant un traitement de surface, et echangeur de chaleur ainsi obtenu |
| DE102005024446A1 (de) | 2005-05-24 | 2006-11-30 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Klimaanlage, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| US7293602B2 (en) | 2005-06-22 | 2007-11-13 | Holtec International Inc. | Fin tube assembly for heat exchanger and method |
| DE202005018502U1 (de) * | 2005-11-21 | 2006-03-23 | Kermi Gmbh | Hygieneheizkörper |
| DE102008004186A1 (de) | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-24 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Behandeln eines Bauteils mit einem Biozid |
| EP1946638B1 (fr) | 2007-01-17 | 2017-08-16 | MAHLE Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Procédé destiné au traitement d'un composant à l'aide d'un biocide |
| US20130099169A1 (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2013-04-25 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Methods and compositions for passivating heat exchanger systems |
| CN101809201A (zh) * | 2007-08-02 | 2010-08-18 | 雪佛龙美国公司 | 用于钝化换热器系统的方法和组合物 |
| US9574832B2 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2017-02-21 | Intel Corporation | Enabling an aluminum heat exchanger with a working fluid |
| DE102008048385A1 (de) | 2008-09-22 | 2010-03-25 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Klimaanlage und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Klimaanlage |
| EP2796825A1 (fr) * | 2013-04-22 | 2014-10-29 | Terumasa Matsumoto | Échangeur de chaleur pour cycle de réfrigération |
| CN104121730A (zh) * | 2013-04-24 | 2014-10-29 | 松本辉政 | 用于制冷循环的热交换器 |
| GB2537392B (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2017-09-20 | Ide Technologies Ltd | Improved evaporator |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01123673A (ja) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-16 | Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd | アルミニウムの防黴菌性・親水性表面処理方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6050397A (ja) * | 1983-08-31 | 1985-03-20 | Diesel Kiki Co Ltd | アルミニウム製熱交換器 |
| JPS61190575A (ja) * | 1985-02-20 | 1986-08-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 藻類防除・防食処理法 |
| JPH0612217B2 (ja) * | 1985-04-30 | 1994-02-16 | 日本電装株式会社 | アルミニウム製熱交換器およびその製法 |
| JPS6361062A (ja) * | 1986-09-01 | 1988-03-17 | Hitachi Ltd | 抗菌剤入り親水性塗料 |
-
1989
- 1989-07-17 JP JP1184329A patent/JPH0349944A/ja active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-07-16 AU AU59033/90A patent/AU619995B2/en not_active Expired
- 1990-07-16 US US07/552,754 patent/US5070938A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-16 EP EP90113556A patent/EP0409130B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-16 DE DE69008063T patent/DE69008063T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01123673A (ja) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-16 | Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd | アルミニウムの防黴菌性・親水性表面処理方法 |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5800673A (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1998-09-01 | Showa Aluminum Corporation | Stack type evaporator |
| US5514248A (en) * | 1990-08-20 | 1996-05-07 | Showa Aluminum Corporation | Stack type evaporator |
| US5350445A (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1994-09-27 | Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. | Hydrophilic coating composition and bath containing same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69008063T2 (de) | 1994-07-28 |
| AU619995B2 (en) | 1992-02-06 |
| EP0409130A1 (fr) | 1991-01-23 |
| DE69008063D1 (de) | 1994-05-19 |
| EP0409130B1 (fr) | 1994-04-13 |
| US5070938A (en) | 1991-12-10 |
| AU5903390A (en) | 1991-01-17 |
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