JPH0345390B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a balloon-like structure,
In particular, it relates to a balloon-like structure at least partially curved.

(Prior Art) Generally, when manufacturing a structure, a rigid body is used as the material. However, if a rigid body such as metal or resin is used as the material, if the structure is large, scaffolding or supports will be required for its manufacture and installation, which will incur additional costs. increases.

Furthermore, since the structure is heavy, it is extremely troublesome to transport it.

Moreover, when said structures are installed especially for decorative, advertising, etc. purposes, their installation period is relatively short - i.e. their installation, dismantling and transport operations can be carried out within a relatively short period of time. Since it has to be repeated, the cost required for the decoration, advertising, etc. becomes enormous.

Furthermore, when configuring such a structure so that it can be moved in part or in its entirety, it requires a large-capacity drive source and a large-scale drive mechanism, which makes the structure extremely difficult to move. It is expensive, and its adjustment and maintenance are also difficult. Furthermore, in order to move a large and heavy structure, it is dangerous to approach the structure during operation.

In view of the above, the inventor of the present invention fabricated the outline (external shape) of the structure by sewing the structure using materials such as cloth and film, and fabricated the structure using pressurizing means such as a blower. By increasing the pressure inside the main body higher than atmospheric pressure, the main body is inflated into a balloon shape to shape the external shape of the structure, and further, by arranging a simple driving means inside the structure, He has already devised and invented a balloon-like structure that can move part or all of the structure.

The above-mentioned invention is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 54-124490 and Japanese Utility Model Application No. 56-117788.
Specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 60-84167 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-243488)
No.), Specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 92371 (1983)
251895) etc.

Now, the balloon-like structure is manufactured by sewing main body structure fabric obtained from a pattern that has been designed and manufactured in advance.

The paper pattern has a cylindrical outline of the balloon-like structure,
If it is a sphere, other simple rotating body, or a combination thereof, it can be easily obtained by calculation or three-dimensional drawing. In addition, if the outline of the balloon-like structure is complex,
A paper pattern can be obtained by making a model out of paper or clay, dividing its surface into appropriate sections, and rolling it out.

Below is a method for manufacturing a curved balloon-like structure.
This will be briefly explained with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11.

In addition, in FIGS. 9 and 10, the inside of the balloon-like structure 1 is pressurized by means not shown,
The balloon-like structure 1 has a contoured shape.

First, as shown in FIG. 9, when manufacturing a curved cylindrical balloon-like structure, the following two manufacturing methods are generally considered.

The first method, as shown in FIG. 10, is to approximate the desired shape (i.e., a curved cylindrical shape) by joining the ends of a plurality of cylindrical main body constituent members 1A. That's what you're trying to get.

The second method is to produce a balloon-like structure by obtaining the fabric constituting the main body by three-dimensional cutting as shown in FIG. 11. By sewing together two pieces of the main body constituent fabric 1B shown in FIG. 11, a balloon-like structure 1 having the shape shown in FIG. 9 can be obtained. The main body fabric 1B shown in FIG. 11 is an example of a main body fabric obtained by three-dimensional cutting.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The above-described conventional techniques had the following problems.

(1) When manufacturing a curved balloon-like structure by the first method, as is clear from FIG. The contour) cannot draw a smooth curve and becomes polygonal.

Of course, if the main body component 1A is made smaller, the contour shape approaches a curve, but
On the other hand, the smaller the main body component 1A is, the more time and effort it takes to manufacture the balloon-like structure.
The production cost will increase.

Further, dimensional errors due to stitching of each of the main body constituent members 1A accumulate, making it difficult to manufacture the balloon-like structure to a desired size (radius of curvature, length, etc.).

(2) When manufacturing a curved balloon-like structure using the second method, there are the following problems.

In a balloon-like structure exhibiting a curved cylindrical body as shown in FIG. 9, on its surface,
A large tension is applied in a direction substantially parallel to the central axis (in the direction of arrow D).

Therefore, the main body constituent fabric 1B cut three-dimensionally as shown in FIG. 11 has a texture that does not stretch against the tension generated in all directions indicated by the arrow D in FIG. 9. It is desirable that you do so.

However, fabrics are generally formed by interweaving warp and weft threads, with only two directions being resistant to elongation: the warp direction and the weft direction.

Therefore, if the main body constituent fabric 1B that has been three-dimensionally cut as shown in FIG. The tension in the direction of the arrow D that occurs at the time and the direction of the warp threads 2 and the weft threads 3 form an angle of approximately 45 degrees, and the direction of the fabric grain is the weakest direction with respect to the tension.

As a result, the main body constituent fabric 1B is cut into the shape shown in FIG. 9 (the shape indicated by the symbol A in FIG. 12), and the balloon-like structure 1
Even if the balloon-like structure 1 is manufactured, when pressurizing the inside of the balloon-like structure 1 to shape its outline, a part of the balloon-like structure 1 (in this case, the center of the 1) This results in elongation in the axial direction, and the contour shape cannot take on the expected shape, as shown by reference numeral B in FIG.

Furthermore, even if the main body fabric 1B is cut so that the direction of the grain shown in FIG. 11 is rotated by 45 degrees,
At both ends of the main body fabric 1B, the tension in the direction of arrow D that occurs when the balloon-like structure is stretched and the directions of the warp threads 2 and weft threads 3 form an angle of approximately 45 degrees, and in this case as well. , both ends of the balloon-like structure extend in the direction of its central axis, making it impossible to assume the expected shape.

In other words, the direction of the warp or weft of the cloth extends almost in a straight line, whereas the tension of a curved balloon-like structure is large and parallel to the direction of curvature, so the balloon-like structure In the case of trying to obtain it by three-dimensional cutting, when pressurizing the inside of the balloon-like structure to shape its outline, a part of the balloon-like structure inevitably stretches in the direction of its central axis, and the balloon-like structure 1 cannot take on the expected shape.

(3) Furthermore, while the fabric used to obtain the main body fabric is usually a strip-shaped cloth, the main body fabric that is three-dimensionally cut in the second method has a shape with a curved outline. In some cases, the so-called yield of the main body fabric becomes poor, and as a result, the manufacturing cost of the balloon-like structure increases.

(Means and effects for solving the problem) In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides at least two main body constituent fabrics whose tensile strength direction is in the axial direction of the balloon-like structure. Form the balloon-like structure by arranging them so that they match and sewing their end faces together, and with the center of the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the balloon-like structure as a reference,
A method is taken in which a seam existing at a position less than 90 degrees with respect to the direction of the radius of curvature is formed by crimp-stitching the fabric constituting the main body at a position opposite to the direction of the curvature. When obtaining a balloon-like structure, the outline of the balloon-like structure can be drawn with a smooth curve, and the yield of the main body fabric can be improved.
The feature is that the balloon-like structure can be manufactured at low cost.

Furthermore, when the balloon-like structure inflates, the main body fabric does not stretch in the direction of curvature, so the size, radius of curvature, angle of curvature, etc. of the balloon-like structure can be determined extremely accurately. Another feature is that it can be easily set.

(Example) The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of the balloon-like structure 10 shown in FIG. 1, taken along a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the balloon-like structure 10.

In addition, in FIG. 1, the inside of the balloon-like structure 10 is pressurized by a pressurizing means (not shown), and its outline shape is shaped into a curved cylindrical shape.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the balloon-like structure 10
are two main body composition cloths 11 and 12, each having a different width.
It is constructed by suturing. code 21
The portions indicated by 22 and 22 (indicated by broken lines in FIG. 1) are the stitched portions of the main body fabrics 11 and 12.

FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the main body fabrics 11 and 12. In FIG. 3, the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2 represent the same or equivalent parts. Moreover, in this FIG. 3, the suture margin is omitted.

In FIG. 3, main body constituent fabrics 11 and 12
are different in width (81 and 82),
It is made by cutting cloth into a belt shape, and the main body constituent cloth 1
1, 12 end faces 21A, 22A, 21B, 22B
is approximately parallel to either the warp or weft of the fabric.

Then, the end face 21A of the main body constituent cloth 11 and the end face 21B of the main body constituent cloth 12 are sewn together,
Similarly, the end face 22A of the main body fabric 11 and the end face 22B of the main body fabric 12 are sewn together.

Among the stitches, the end surface 2 of the main body fabric 11
1A and the end surface 21B of the main body fabric 12 are sewn together as follows:
Of the arrows shown in FIG. 3, the portions indicated by the same arrows are made to coincide with each other. That is, the end surface 21A of the main body constituent cloth 11
The end face 21B of the main body fabric 12 is sewn together so that the end face 21B is wrinkled.

In the following description, the stitching in such a manner that wrinkles occur will be referred to as crimp stitching or crimp stitching.

Also when sewing the end face 22A of the main body constituent cloth 11 and the end face 22B of the main body constituent cloth 12, the end face 22A of the main body constituent cloth 11 is sutured.
B is crimp stitched.

After the suturing, when the inside of the balloon-like structure 10 is pressurized, its cross section becomes approximately circular, and the balloon-like structure 10 takes the form of a cylinder curved in the direction of arrow X in FIG.

At this time, the stitched portions 21 and 22 of the main body fabric 11
While the vicinity stretches, wrinkles occur in the vicinity of the stitched portions 21 and 22 of the main body fabric 12. Conversely, the central part of the main body fabric 11 (between the seams 21 and 22)
While wrinkles occur, the central portion of the main body fabric 12 (between the stitched portions 21 and 22) stretches.

Here, as described above with reference to FIG.
Since it is cut parallel to the direction parallel to the central axis of the balloon-like structure 10 (direction of arrow D)
The stretching portion, where a large tension is generated, does not stretch.

In this way, the suture portion that exists at a position less than 90 degrees with respect to the direction of the radius of curvature (arrow X direction) of the balloon-like structure with respect to the center of the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the balloon-like structure If 21 and 22 are formed by tightening the main body fabric 12 at positions opposite to the direction of curvature, the balloon-like structure can be accurately curved in a predetermined direction.

Now, the method for determining the dimensions of the main body fabrics 11 and 12 of the balloon-like structure 10 produced in this way will be explained below. An example will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, taking as an example a case where the outer circumference is approximately circular and curved from a point O to draw an arc with a radius R1.

First, approximately 1/3 of the outer circumference of the cross section is the length of the end surface 81 of the main body fabric 11, and approximately 2/3 of the outer circumference of the cross section is the length of the end surface 82 of the main body fabric 11.
Let the length be .

Next, since the length of the end surface 21B (or 22B) of the main body constituent fabric 12 and the length of the outer contour of the balloon-like structure 10 are equal, the length of the outer contour of the balloon-like structure 10 is The length R1 from the center of curvature to the contour is determined from the angle of the curvature, and this is determined as the length of the end surfaces 21B and 22B of the main body fabric 12.

Similarly, the length of the end surface 21A (or 22A) of the main body fabric 11 becomes equal to the length of the stitched portion 21 (or 22) of the main body fabric 11 and 12 when inflated from the balloon-like structure 10. , the length of the arc of the suture parts 21 and 22 is
From the center O of curvature to the suture portion 21 (or 22)
from the length R2 and the angle of curvature, and calculate this from the end surfaces 21A and 2 of the main body fabric 11.
The length shall be 2A.

Note that the length R2 is the length of each main body constituent fabric 11, 1.
This can be easily determined by determining the height of a triangle (indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIGS. 1 and 2) connecting the stitched portions 21 and 22 of No. 2 and the center of the end surface 82 of the main body fabric 12.

As described above, in one embodiment of the present invention, although wrinkles occur in a portion of the balloon-like structure 10, it is possible to form the outline smoothly.

In addition, since the texture is aligned in the direction of curvature, when the inside is pressurized and inflated, the balloon-like structure 1
0 does not extend or deform in the direction of its central axis, and its size, shape, etc., such as radius of curvature, angle of curvature, etc., can be set extremely accurately.

Now, in the above explanation, the balloon-like structure 1
0 is sewn by a main body fabric 11 having a width equal to 1/3 of the outer circumference of the balloon-like structure 10 and a main body fabric 12 having a width equal to 2/3 of the outer circumference. However, the main body forming cloth 12 may be divided into two halves so that the width thereof is halved, and the main body forming cloth 12 may be constituted by a total of three main body forming cloths.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along a plane perpendicular to the central axis of a balloon-like structure 10A constituted by three body-constituting cloths 11, 12A, and 12B, each having approximately the same width. In FIG. 4, the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2 represent the same or equivalent parts.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 21 indicates a seam portion between the main body constituent fabrics 11 and 12A, and 22 indicates a seam portion between the main body constituent fabrics 11 and 1.
2B indicates a stitched portion, and 23 indicates a stitched portion of main body constituent fabrics 12A and 12B.

In this example, for example, the main body constituent cloth 12A
The stitched portion 21 and the stitched portion 2 are attached to the main body constituent fabric 12B.
2, the balloon-like structure 10A becomes:
As in the previous embodiment, it is curved in the direction of the arrow X.

Furthermore, if the sewn portion 21 of the main body fabric 11 and the sewn portion 23 of the main body fabric 12B are sewn together, the balloon-like structure 10A will curve in the direction of arrow Y, and similarly the sewn portion 22 of the main body fabric 11 and the sewn portion 23 of the main body fabric 12B will be bent. When the sewn portion 23 of the main body fabric 12A is sewn and shortened, the balloon-like structure 10A curves in the direction of arrow Z.

Now, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the main body fabric 12 has a width 82 that is longer than 1/2 of the outer periphery of the cross section of the balloon-like structure, and When manufacturing the balloon-like structure 10 using the body-constituting fabric 11 having the shorter width 81, the stitched portion 21 of the body-constituting fabric 12 having the longer width,
22, the balloon-like structure 10 can be curved in the direction of the arrow X in FIG.
Even if it is sewn and shortened, the balloon-like structure 10 cannot be curved in the direction opposite to the X direction.

However, as shown in FIG. 4, the three main body fabrics are cut so that their widths are all shorter than 1/2 of the outer circumference of the balloon-like structure.
By selecting the location of the crimp stitch in each seam, the balloon-like structure can be moved in one of three different directions (X, Y, and Z directions in FIG. 4). Can be curved.

Furthermore, if all the lengths of each of the main body fabrics are changed, in other words, in a pair of opposing seam parts of the same main body fabric, the degree of seam shortening in one seam part can be adjusted to If the degree of seam shrinkage is different from that of
It is possible to curve the balloon-like structure in a direction other than the direction shown in FIG.

Now, in the present invention, the balloon-like structure does not need to be curved in only one direction. That is, in FIG. 4, for example, the stitched portion 21 of the main body constituent cloth 12A and the stitched portion 22 of the main body constituent cloth 12B.
After the balloon-like structure 10A is sewn and shortened and curved in the direction of arrow X, the seam-shrinked portion may be changed and the balloon-like structure 10A is bent in the direction of arrow Y and/or the direction of arrow Z.

An example of the fabric constituting the main body in this case is shown in FIG. In addition, in this FIG. 5, only two pieces of main body constituent cloth are shown.

Main body fabrics 31 and 32 shown in FIG.
are sutured so that the parts indicated by the same arrow coincide with each other. Therefore, the part to be crimp-stitched is the part indicated by reference numeral 33.

In this way, it is possible to arbitrarily select the location where the crimp stitch is performed even in the same stitched part of the same main body fabric, so that, for example, the central axis of the balloon-like structure can be It becomes possible to make complex curves not only in three-dimensional space but also in three-dimensional space. FIG. 13 shows a perspective view of a part of the balloon-like structure formed when the sewing is performed as shown in FIG. 5. Also in this case, the radius, angle, etc. of the curvature can be set accurately.

FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic cross-sectional views of other embodiments of the present invention, and are similar to FIGS. 2 and 4 described above.

In FIG. 6, the balloon-like structure 50 includes 4
It is constructed by sewing together sheets of main body constituent fabrics 51 to 54. Reference numeral 59 indicates a seam portion of each of the main body constituent fabrics.

In addition, in FIG. 7, the balloon-like structure 6
0 is constructed by sewing together six main body constituent fabrics 60 to 66. Reference numeral 69 indicates a seam portion of each of the main body constituent fabrics. A schematic perspective view of the balloon-like structure having the cross section shown in FIG. 7 is shown in FIG.

As described above, the present invention makes it possible to construct a balloon-like structure using four or six body-constituting fabrics, and furthermore, although not shown, it is possible to construct a balloon-like structure using five or seven or more main body-constituting fabrics. It is also possible to do so.

Even in these cases, by selecting the seam shortening point in each seam,
The direction of curvature of the balloon-like structure can be set.

Now, in the above explanation, each main body fabric is band-shaped, and the direction of the end surface corresponding to the stitched portion 21 is almost the same as the direction of the sewing thread or weft of the fabric. However, the balloon-shaped structure When increasing or decreasing the diameter of the cross section of a part of the body, the width of each of the body constituent fabrics should also be
Naturally, it can be made larger or smaller depending on the change in the diameter.

Moreover, although each body-constituting cloth has been described as being cut, it goes without saying that the cloth may be woven into the shape of the body-constituting cloth.

Further, on the inner wall of the balloon-like structure curved as described above, for example, the operating string described in the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 60-92371 and a pulley, etc., are arranged as necessary to make the balloon. The shaped structure may be bent in a direction opposite to the direction of curvature or in another direction.

Furthermore, in the above description, the balloon-like structure is
Although it was assumed that the body is curved so as to draw a fixed radius from a certain center point, that is, to draw an arc, it is also possible to change the crimp stitch of the main body fabric so that the degree of the crimp stitch changes continuously. For example, the shape of the curve can be set to any shape other than an arc if the degree of creasing by the crimp stitch is changed continuously.

Furthermore, although the body constituting cloth constituting the balloon-like structure has been described as having a texture, it may be a material without a texture, such as a nonwoven fabric, or it may have a resin on its surface. It may also be a cloth coated with a coating such as moreover,
The body constituting cloth may be made of a material other than what is called cloth, such as vinyl or film.

Furthermore, in each of the attached drawings, the cross section of the balloon-like structure is depicted as circular, but it is not possible to arrange a regulating member inside the balloon-like structure to regulate its contour shape. For example, the balloon-like structure can be inflated so that its cross section has a shape other than circular, and the present invention can also be applied to such a balloon-like structure.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the following effects are achieved.

(1) Since a curved balloon-like structure is produced by sewing together at least two pieces of fabric constituting the main body, the outline of the balloon-like structure draws a smooth curve, and the outline of the balloon-like structure draws a smooth curve. Aesthetics can be improved.

(2) Since the main body fabric is arranged so that its tensile strength direction coincides with the axial direction of the balloon-like structure, for example, if the main body fabric has a texture, the balloon Since the axial direction of the balloon-like structure and the direction of the threads having the grain are made to match, when the balloon-like structure is inflated, the main body fabric does not stretch in the direction of the curvature, and the balloon-like structure The radius of curvature, angle of curvature, etc. can be set extremely accurately and easily.

(3) As described above, if the balloon-like structure is constructed from a strip-shaped main body fabric, the yield is good and the balloon-like structure can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a plan view of the main body constituent fabric that constitutes the balloon-like structure shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a main body constituent fabric constructed using three pieces. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of sewing the main body fabrics; FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a balloon-like structure constructed using four main body fabrics;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a balloon-like structure constructed using six pieces of main body fabric, FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the balloon-like structure having the cross-section shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. The figure is a schematic perspective view of a curved balloon-like structure, the first
0 and 12 are schematic perspective views of a curved balloon-like structure manufactured using a conventional method;
The figure is a developed view of the three-dimensionally cut main body fabric, No. 13.
This figure is a perspective view of a part of the balloon-like structure formed when the sewing is performed as shown in FIG. 5. 2...Warp, 3...Weft, 10,10A,50,6
0... Balloon-like structure, 11, 12, 12A, 12
B, 31, 32, 51-54, 61-66...Main body constituent fabric, 21, 22, 23, 59, 69...Sewn portion, 21A, 21B, 22A, 22B, 81, 8
2...End face.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A balloon-like structure whose contour is formed by filling the inside with pressurized fluid and which is curved in a predetermined direction with a predetermined radius of curvature, The structure is formed by sewing together the end faces of two or more main body fabrics whose tensile strength direction is arranged in the axial direction, and the center of the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the balloon-like structure is the reference point. The balloon-shaped body is characterized in that the stitched portion existing at a position less than 90 degrees with respect to the direction of the radius of curvature is formed by crimp stitching the main body constituent fabric at a position opposite to the direction of curvature. Structure. 2. The body-constituting cloth has a grain, and the direction of the threads constituting the grain is substantially the same as the direction of the stitched portion of the body-constituting cloth. The balloon-like structure described. 3. The balloon-like structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the main body fabric is strip-shaped. 4. According to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the length of at least one of the body-constituting fabrics is different from the length of the other body-constituting fabrics. The balloon-like structure described.