JPH03251374A - Rotary tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the using performance by forming a wedge-shaped space part for permitting the meshing and free movement of a locking member between the inner peripheral surface of a ring body which surrounds an output shaft side member and can not revolve and the outer peripheral surface of the output shaft side member and a release member for pushing out the locking member to the free movement region side in the wedge-shaped space part on an input shaft side member. CONSTITUTION:A connection part 36 for power transmission which is connected with a play within a prescribed angle with an input shaft side member and an output shaft side member 70 which are positioned coaxially is installed, and a wedge-shaped space part for permitting the meshing and free movement of the locking members 50a and 50b is formed between the inner peripheral surface of a ring body 51 which surrounds an output shaft side member 70 and can not revolve and the outer peripheral surface of the output shaft side member 70. Further, a release member 36 for pushing out the locking member to a free movement region side in the wedge-shaped space part is installed on the input shaft side member. Accordingly, autolock is carried out by the locking member and the wedge-shaped space part for permitting the meshing and the free movement of the locking member, and autorelease is carried out by the release member 36 of the input shaft side member.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a rotary tool such as an electric screwdriver or an electric wrench, and particularly to a rotary tool whose output shaft can be automatically locked and released.

[Conventional technology]

For rotating tools such as electric screwdrivers and electric wrenches, it is important to be able to lock the rotation of the output shaft.
It is very useful because it allows the use of the hand-crank type and the L2 type, and allows manual tightening for auxiliary tightening when it cannot be tightened completely by hand or electric power. In order to provide this kind of locking function, we have adopted an all-release mechanism that automatically releases the lock when the motor is rotated while in the locked state, and an automatic lock that automatically locks when the motor is stopped. For ease of use, it is preferable to have an automatic locking function. Devices with such auto-lock and auto-release functions have been proposed in various forms, and mechanically configured devices include Switch Hand I.
・Auto-lock and auto-release are performed by mechanically transmitting the on/off operation to the locking part, and the internal gear of a planetary gear unit as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62287979. There are two types of locks that use movement to lock and release locks: Radiets 1 to 1 with nails.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, the former method requires a member to mechanically and remotely control the lock member placed on the lock part located at a remote location by operating the switch handle, which tends to result in a complicated structure, and the location of the switch regulations have arisen,
It has problems such as difficulty in summarizing it into 1~. In the latter case, the ratchet pawl may make a noise, or
The strength of the member that supports the ratchet pawl becomes difficult to maintain, and the shape of the member becomes unstable. However, this has the problem of complicating the process and increasing cost. The present invention has been made in view of these points, and its purpose is to provide automatic locking and auto-release with a simple structure, as well as a highly reliable rotating device such as an electric screwdriver or electric wrench. We are here to provide you with tools.

[Means to solve the problem]

Therefore, the present invention provides a power transmission connecting portion that is connected to an input shaft side member and an output shaft side member located on the same axis with a play within a predetermined angle, and also provides a non-rotatable connecting portion that surrounds the output shaft side member. A wedge-shaped space is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the link body and the outer circumferential surface of the output shaft side member, and the locking member is allowed to engage and move freely in the input shaft side member. The main feature lies in the formation of a release member that pushes out toward the area. [Effect 1 by Mori Ill! 7) Automatic locking is possible by the locking member and the wedge-shaped space that does not allow the locking member to engage or loose, and then automatic release is possible by the release member provided on the input shaft side member. Moreover, the shape of each of these members may be simple. [Embodiment] The present invention will be described in detail below based on the illustrated embodiment. It is provided as a planetary mechanism or deceleration means consisting of a plurality of planetary gears 32 that mesh with each other, and a carrier 34 having a shaft 35 that supports each planetary gear 32. The output shafts 7 are arranged coaxially in the axial direction. In the figure, 6 is a gear case, 61 is a sliding bearing that receives the output shaft, 62 is a thrust plate, 63 is a retaining ring, and 64, 65, and 66 are steel balls and a retainer that constitute the thrust I to the bearing. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of protrusions 70 protrude radially and at equal intervals from the outer peripheral surface of the end of the output shaft 7 on the carrier 34 side. Also, on the inside of Gear Coos 6,
A link body 51 surrounding the outer periphery of the protrusion 70 is fixed. A plurality of protrusions 36 are provided on the end surface of the carrier 34 so as to protrude in the axial direction and are located in the space between the inner circumferential surface of the ring body 51 and the outer circumferential surface of the output shaft 7 . These protrusions 36 have the same number as the protrusions 70 and are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and are positioned between the protrusions 70 of the shaft 7, that is, the protrusions 36 and 70 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. They are lined up at intervals in the direction,
These protrusions 36 and 70 form a rotational power transmission coupling portion having a predetermined angle of play in the rotational direction. Here, since the outer peripheral surfaces on both sides of the projection 70 on the output shaft 7 are sloped surfaces 71 in which the projection 70 side is lower, the outer peripheral surface and the ring body 5 are formed on both sides of the projection 70.
Wedge-shaped spaces are formed between the inner circumferential surface of the carrier 34 and the protrusions 70, and these wedge-shaped spaces provided on both sides of the protrusion 70 and between the protrusion 36 of the carrier 34 and the protrusion 70 are provided with rollers. The locking means 5 is formed by disposing locking members 50a, 50b, respectively. In addition, the lock member 5
0a is for locking rotation in one direction, and locking member 50b is for locking rotation in the other direction. These locking members 50a, 50
Since the diameter of b is smaller than the height of the portion of the wedge-shaped space on the protrusion 70 side and larger than the height of the portion on the protrusion 36 side, the locking members 50a and 50b are in a floating state when located on the protrusion 70 side. However, when it is separated from the protrusion 70, it gets caught between the outer peripheral surface of the output shaft 7 and the inner peripheral surface of the ring body 51, and locks the output shaft 7. Figure 6 shows the external appearance, in which 1 is the main body, 9 is the bit attached to the chuck 8, 11 is the swivel 7-way handle,
12 is a rotation direction switching handle, and 13 is a power pack. Next, the operation will be explained. Now, if the motor 2 is rotated, this output is decelerated by the planetary mechanism and becomes the rotation of the carrier 34, and the protrusion 36 of the carrier 34 is rotated.
As shown in the figure, the protrusion 70 of the output shaft 7 is pressed through the locking member 50b to rotate the output shaft 7. At this time, among the pair of 17 locking members 50a50t) located in the wedge-shaped space on both sides of the projection 70, the locking member 50b is pushed by the projection 36 and is positioned in the free movement area in the wedge-shaped space, that is, in the part closer to the projection 70. The locking member 50a is located in a free movement area in the wedge-shaped space due to its inertia, and therefore the locking members 50a, 50b do not interfere with the rotation of the output shaft 70. In particular, here, the protrusion 70 and the protrusion 36 have a substantially fan-shaped shape in which the width on the outer circumference side is wider than the width on the inner circumference side, and the difference between the protrusions is larger than the difference caused by the difference in radial position. , the protrusions 36 and 70 are both roller-shaped mouths...
Press the / members 50a, 50b against the outer peripheral surface of the output shaft 7 (
The locking members 50a, 50
There is no loss of force due to contact of 0b with the inner circumferential surface of the ring body 51. The ring body 51 is formed of a non-magnetic material, and the lock parts 1t450a, 50b and the output shaft 7
A magnetic attraction force may be exerted between the locking members 50a, 50b and the ring body 51 by the magnetic attraction force. When the rotation direction of the motor 2 is reversed, the protrusion 36 transmits power to the output shaft 7 via the locking member 50a and the protrusion 70 to rotate the output shaft 7, as shown in FIG. Even at this time, since the double-ended locking members 50a and 50b are located on the side of the free movement area in the wedge-shaped space, they are not locked. Then, with the motor 2 stopped, if the main body 1 is rotated in the tightening direction around the output shaft 7 for manual tightening, the main body 1, that is, the link body 5
Due to the relative rotation that occurs between J and the output shaft 7, as shown in FIG. In order to roll away from the protrusion 70 and move toward the biting part in the wedge-shaped space, the link body 51
and the output shaft 7 are integrated. In other words, the free rotation of the output shaft 7 is locked by the locking member 50a, and the output shaft 7 rotates together with the main body 1, making it possible to manually tighten the nut. The transition to this locked state is automatically performed as described above. When the main body 1 is turned in the opposite direction to loosen a screw or nut, the locking member 50b locks the output shaft 7, as shown in FIG. 5, making it possible to turn it back by hand. When the motor 2 is rotated again in this locked state, the rotation of the output shaft 7 causes the protrusion 70 to approach the lock members 50a and 50b and be in the locking position. In order to return the locking members 50a, 50b to the free movement area in the wedge-shaped space, or the locking member 50a is in the engagement position with the protrusion 36 on the carrier 34. The lock is automatically released in order to push 50b back to the free movement area side of the wedge-shaped space. The protrusion 36 serves as a power transmission member as well as a release member, making it possible to reduce cost by reducing the number of parts. Other embodiments are shown in FIGS. 7 to 10. Is this the same structure for auto-lock and auto-release?
This embodiment differs from that shown in Example F in that it incorporates a clutch for adjusting the tightening torque. That is, here, the internal gear 33 is rotatable around the shaft, and a clutch surface 37 having an uneven shape is provided on the front end surface of the internal gear 33 in the axial direction. The gear case 6 is provided with an axial hole 62, and a steel ball 74 that engages with the clutch surface 37 is disposed within the hole 62. Further, on the outer periphery of the front end of the gear case 6, a clutch plate 77, a clutch spring 76,
The clutch plate 77 is engaged with a stepped protrusion 80 formed on the inner surface of a clutch handle 78 rotatably disposed at the tip of the main body 1. In the figure, reference numeral 79 indicates mounting plays 1 to 1 for the clutch handle 78. The clutch spring 76 is connected to the steel ball 7 via the thrust plate 75.
Press 4 J+:L, apply a spring load to the engagement part between the steel ball 74 and the clutch surface 371, and then press the internal gear 3.
The rotation of 3 is stopped. When the load required to rotate a screw or nut is 1 herk or less, the engagement between the internal gear 33 and the steel ball 74 is maintained and the rotation of the internal gear 33 is stopped, so that the rotation of the motor 2 is reduced. is decelerated and transmitted to the output shaft 7 side as in the case of the previous embodiment. However, if the load 1 herk becomes larger than the set torque due to the spring load, the internal gear 33 starts rotating while pushing back the steel ball 74 with the clutch surface 37 against the clutch spring 76.
Since the power transmission to the output shaft 7 side is cut off due to the idle rotation of the inter gear 33, the tightening torque of the histogram and the nut is limited to the set torque. When the clutch handle 78 is rotated, the engagement position between the stepped protrusion 80 on the inner surface of the clutch handle 78 and the clutch plate 77, which is stopped from rotating around the axis, changes, and the clutch plate 77 is moved in the axial direction. -L12 can be adjusted to change the compression level of the clutch spring 76. Here, when the internal gear 33 starts idling as described above and the tightening torque is limited, the lock is in an unlocked state similar to the state shown in FIG. 2 or 3. If the main body 1 itself is turned in the tightening direction with the motor 2 turned on, as shown in FIG. The locking member 50a, which was free and in the movable region of the wedge-shaped space, moves to the biting position and locks the output shaft 7, so it is possible to proceed directly to manual tightening work. Then, by continuing to turn the main body 1 in the opposite direction with the motor 2 turned on, as shown in FIG.
The lock by the locking member 50a is released, and normally the locking member 50b would move to the locked position at this point, but at this time, the protrusion 36 of the carrier 34 is moved by the arrow in the figure due to the reaction of the internal gear 33 idling. As shown in , since the locking member 50b is pushed toward the protrusion 70, it does not shift to the locked state, and the automatic locking for this reverse rotation does not work. For this purpose, manual tightening with the motor 2 operating by operating the switch handle 1 can be performed using a ratchet tightening method such as a radiet dryer or a ratchet wrench. 1 to 13 show other embodiments. This is made up of a plurality of plates 80, each of which has a hole that fits into the rear end of the output shaft 7 and which is made up of two rigid bodies, and one elastic body. Attach the plate 81 and use these plates 80 and 81 to connect the protrusion 7.
0 is formed. In particular, the outer diameters of the elastic plates 1 to 8, excluding their maximum diameters, are made slightly larger than the two rigid plates 80 sandwiching the elastic plates 1 to 8. The locking members 50a, 50b are brought into contact with a plate 81 made of an elastic body, so that a reliable lock can be obtained. As shown in FIG. 14, a gap C is provided between the irregular cross section of the output shaft 7 and the fitting hole 84 in the plays 1 to 83 provided with the protrusion 70, and the backlash caused by this gap C is utilized. It may also be possible to obtain a reliable lock. In this case, the centering of the sliding bearing 61 and the ring body 51 does not require much precision, and the ease of assembly is improved. Another embodiment is shown in FIGS. 15 to 17. This causes one end of the shaft 35 in the carrier 34 to protrude from the end surface of the carrier 34 toward the output shaft 7 side, and the locking member 50a,
A pair of locking members 50a in the rotational direction, with one end of 50b protruding toward the carrier 34 side than the end surface of the output shaft 7,
The shaft 35 located between 50b or the double-ended hook members 50a, 5
It is designed so that it can freely come into contact with 0b. In this case, the locking member 50a formed in a roller shape
, 50b, the locking members 50a, 50
Even if b sticks to both sides of the protrusion 70 due to the viscosity of the grease, when manual tightening is performed by rotating the main body 1, the carrier 34, which rotates with the main body 1 relative to the output shaft 7, As shown in FIG. 16, the locking member 50a is prevented from moving to the engagement position in the wedge-shaped space because the shaft 35 comes into contact with and pushes the locking member 50a to pull it away from the protrusion 70. When the main body 1 is turned in the opposite direction, the shaft 35 pushes the lock member 50b and pulls it away from the protrusion 70, so that the lock member 50b is securely locked. Also, the output shaft 7 is reliably locked by the locking member 50b.
Even if it adheres to the lock member 50b, the lock member 50a
, 50b remains stuck to the protrusion 70, and the output shaft 7
This prevents a situation where the locking function of the locking members 50a and 50a are impaired.
It is also possible to reduce the noise by applying grease to the installation part of 50b. Although the shaft 35 supporting the planetary gear 32 is used here, it is also possible to separately provide six protrusions on the end surface of the carrier 34 and make the protrusions come into contact with the locking members 50a and 50b. good. Effects of the Invention As described above, in the present invention, the locking member engages in the wedge-shaped space formed between the outer circumferential surface of the output shaft side member and the inner circumferential surface of the non-rotatable ring body. The shaft is automatically locked in accordance with the relative rotation between the output shaft side member and the ring body, and is an auto-lock.Secondly, there is play of the input shaft side member with respect to the output shaft side member. Auto-release is also performed by rotation within the range of The shape may be simple and the reliability is high.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, Figs. 2 to 5 are sectional views taken along line X-X in Fig. 1, and Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing a released state during forward rotation. Figure 3 is a sectional view showing the released state during reverse rotation, Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing the locked state when manually tightened, Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing the locked state when manually released, and Fig. 6 7 is a side view of another embodiment, FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same 2, FIG. 9 and 1
Figure 0 is a cross-sectional view showing the same operation as above, Figure 11 is an exploded perspective view of the other side, Figure 12 is an end view of the same, and Figure 13 is the same as above.
Broken side view showing the Y-Y line cross section in Figure 2, Part 1
Figures 4 (a) and (b) are an exploded perspective view and an end view of another example, the first
5 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment, and FIGS. 16 and 17 are sectional views taken along the Z-Z line in FIG.
6 is a protrusion, 50a and 50b are locking members, 51 is a ring body, and 70 is a protrusion.

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A power transmission coupling part is provided that is connected to the input shaft side member and the output shaft side member located on the same axis with a play within a predetermined angle, and a non-rotatable ring body surrounding the output shaft side member is provided. A wedge-shaped space is formed between the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the output shaft side member, and the locking member is placed on the side of the free movement region of the wedge-shaped space on the input shaft side member. A rotary tool characterized by forming a release member for extrusion. (2) The connecting portion consists of a protrusion provided on the output shaft side member that protrudes in the radial direction, and a protrusion provided on the input shaft side member that serves as a release member that protrudes in the axial direction, and a locking member is arranged. 2. The rotary tool according to claim 1, wherein the wedge-shaped space is provided between the two kinds of projections arranged in the circumferential direction. (3) At least one of the protrusions on the output shaft side member and the protrusion on the input shaft side member is formed in a substantially fan shape in which the width on the outer circumferential side is wider than the width on the inner circumferential side. Rotary tool as described. (4) A planetary reduction mechanism is arranged on the input shaft side, and an internal gear that can rotate freely in this planetary reduction mechanism is elastically fixed in rotation by a clutch spring, and the output shaft side member and the ring body are connected to each other. 2. A wedge-shaped space having a different inclination direction is provided between the two, and a locking member for forward rotation locking and a locking member for reverse rotation locking are arranged in each wedge-shaped space. rotary tools. (5) The rotary tool according to claim 1, wherein the ring body is made of a non-magnetic material, and the lock member and the output shaft side member are made of members that exert magnetic attraction force on each other. (6) The output shaft side member provided with the protrusion is a plate fixed to the output shaft, and at least one of the plate and the ring body is formed as a laminate of a rigid body and an elastic body, and the rigid body part 3. The rotary tool according to claim 2, wherein the elastic body portion protrudes further to the outside.