JPH03190730A - Waterproof sheet and waterproof construction method using the same sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the lowering of waterproof capacity by preventing the damage of a waterproof sheet even when the external shock due to the crack of foundation is applied by providing a waterproof layer based on vulcanized rubber and/or a thermoplastic resin and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and holding a fiber reinforcing layer to the intermediate part of the pressure- sensitive adhesive layer. CONSTITUTION:The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 2 and waterproof layer 1 of a waterproof sheet are bonded and a fiber reinforcing material layer 3 is held to the intermediate part of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 2 to integrally laminate the fiber reinforcing material layer 3 and the pressure- sensitive adhesive layer 2. This pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 2 becomes a buffer layer to prevent not only the damage of the waterproof sheet due to the external shock brought about by the crack of foundation but also the lowering of the waterproof capacity thereof. At this time, since the waterproof layer 1 is not composed of asphalt but vulcanized lubber or a thermoplastic resin, upper surface walking becomes possible as it is even when no press means or mortar is applied to the upper surface of the waterproof layer 1.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet and a waterproofing method using the same, and in particular, it can be applied to a base at room temperature, and there is no external damage caused by cracks in the base. The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet that does not break even when subjected to impact and allows walking on the top surface, and a waterproofing method using the same.

<Prior Art> Various types of waterproof sheets have been proposed for use in waterproofing work for roofs, underground tanks, tunnels, balconies, bathrooms, etc. For example, JP-A-55-67458
In the publication, as shown in FIG. 7, a mesh-like nonwoven fabric 2 is provided between a first layer 21 and a third layer 22 made of asphalt.
A waterproof sheet is described in which a second layer formed by adhering a thermoplastic resin film 24 to No. 3 is laminated with an intervening second layer. In addition, 25
is a protective layer.

As shown in FIG. 8, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3797 discloses that a sheet material 28 of a non-vulcanized rubber adhesive composition is placed between a vulcanized rubber sheet 26 and a non-vulcanized rubber sheet 27.
A laminated sheet is described in which these are interposed and laminated.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-30048, a non-vulcanized rubber adhesive composition 31 is interposed and laminated between waterproof sheets 29 and 30, and waterproofing of the surfaces of both ends A laminated sheet is described in which the sheets are alternately removed and release curing films 32 and 33 are applied to the exposed surface of the non-vulcanized rubber adhesive composition.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, the waterproof sheet described in JP-A No. 55-67458 requires heat melting or an adhesive in order to attach it to a base or join the waterproof sheets together. It is. Also, the irradiation of sunlight, or the temperature of the aether.
There were problems such as the first layer of asphalt on the surface softening due to climbing, etc., making it difficult to walk on the top, and in some cases, the top surface needed to be covered with mortar.

The laminated sheet described in Utility Model Publication No. 3797, No. 62, has a
There were problems such as the need for heat melting and the use of adhesives. Furthermore, the laminated sheet described in Publication of Utility Model Publication No. 60-30048 requires hot melting or adhesive when pasted to the base, and when the sheets are joined together, as shown in FIG. There were problems such as poor performance and poor bonding reliability.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to create a waterproof sheet that can be attached to a substrate at room temperature without the use of adhesives, that will not be damaged even by external impact caused by cracks in the substrate, and that can be walked on. and to provide a waterproofing method using the same.

Means for Solving the Problems> In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a waterproof sheet having a waterproof layer mainly composed of vulcanized rubber and/or a thermoplastic resin, and an adhesive layer. The present invention provides a waterproof sheet in which a fiber reinforcing material layer is sandwiched between the adhesive layer.

In the present invention, the vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic resin used for the waterproof layer may be those commonly used as waterproof materials for this type of waterproof sheet, and are not particularly limited. Examples of vulcanized rubber include synthetic rubbers such as butyl rubber, polychloroprene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, and polyurethane rubber, natural rubber, etc., which are vulcanized by adding a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization aid, and a vulcanization accelerator. Examples include those obtained by

Examples of thermoplastic resins include soft vinyl chloride resin,
Examples include polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polyester resin, polyvinylidene chloride resin, and the like. These vulcanized rubbers and thermoplastic resins are 1f! They can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

In addition, this waterproof layer may contain aggregates such as carbon black, talc, calcium carbonate, silica, and clay, and anti-aging agents such as amines, phenols, imidazole, benzophenones, and benzotriazoles. good.

The thickness of this waterproof layer is usually about 0.5 to 6.0 mm, preferably about 2.0 to 4.0 mm. If the waterproof layer is too thin, it will not have sufficient waterproof properties, and if it is too thick, it will not only be too heavy during transportation and difficult to pack, but will also lack performance benefits.

The adhesive used in the adhesive layer is one in a semi-cured state that can adhere to both the vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic resin constituting the waterproof layer and the base on which the waterproof sheet of the present invention is laid and constructed. Any resin may be used, and there are no particular restrictions. Examples include butyl rubber, semi-crosslinked butyl rubber, polyisobutylene, polychloroprene ethylene, vinyl acetate copolymer resin asphalt; polypropylene glycol, acrylic resin, and other resins alone or mixtures of 2 ff1 or more. .

Among these, particularly preferred are semi-crosslinked butyl rubber, a mixture of asphalt and polypropylene glycol, and ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer resin.

In addition to the above-mentioned adhesive, this adhesive layer may contain, if necessary,
Other ingredients, such as polyisocyanate resins, low-molecular polyisobutylene, natural resins such as rosin, terpene-modified resins, aromatic petroleum resins, anti-aging agents such as amine derivatives and phenol conductors, and talc, calcium carbonate, and carbon black. , aggregates such as clay, etc. may be contained.

In addition, the thickness of this adhesive layer is usually 1.0 to 4.0 m.
m or more, preferably about 1.0 to 3.0 mm.
If the adhesive layer is too thin, it will have poor ability to follow the unevenness of the base.
This causes poor adhesion, reduces the buffering effect against cracks in the base, and results in water leakage due to breakage of the upper layer sheet.

The fiber reinforcement layer sandwiched between the adhesive layers is made of, for example, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, aliphatic or aromatic polyamide, polyester, and derivatives thereof. Organic synthetic fiber; glass fiber,
Examples include woven fabrics and nonwoven fabrics made of inorganic fibers such as rock wool and asbestos, and fabrics made by depositing these fibers in layers. Among these, preferred are polyester, polyamide, and glass fiber.

The thickness of this fiber reinforcement layer is usually about 0.2 mm.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below by showing main embodiments of the present invention in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the waterproof sheet of the present invention. In the figure, 1 indicates a waterproof layer, 2 indicates an adhesive layer, and 3 indicates a fiber reinforcing material layer sandwiched between the adhesive layer 2.

In the waterproof sheet shown in FIG.
The fiber reinforcing material layer 3 and the adhesive layer 2 are integrally laminated. 4 is a release paper for protecting the adhesive layer 2 during storage and transportation.

In the waterproofing method using a waterproof sheet shown in Fig. 1, the waterproof sheet is molded according to the size, shape, etc. of the base to which the waterproofing method is applied, and the release paper 4 on the bottom surface of the adhesive layer 2 is peeled off. It is sufficient to simply lay the adhesive layer 2 on the base and adhere the adhesive layer 2 to the base.

This waterproof sheet can be applied to a substrate at room temperature, and can be easily and quickly applied without requiring adhesive work by heat melting or adhesives.
In addition, the adhesive layer acts as a buffer layer and the sheet will not be damaged and its waterproof performance will not deteriorate in response to external impacts such as cracks in the base. Since the waterproof layer is made of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic resin instead of asphalt, it is possible to walk on the top without applying mortar or the like to the top.

Next, FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the waterproof sheet of the present invention, and in the figure, 1, 2, 3 and 4 indicate the same ones as in FIG. 1.

In the waterproof sheet shown in FIG. 2, at opposite ends of the waterproof sheet, the fiber reinforcing material layer is not exposed on the upper surface of one end 5 and the lower surface of the other end, and the adhesive layer is exposed. It has a pair of joint parts 5 and 6 formed by alternately cutting out the parts. Furthermore, release paper 4 is preferably adhered to the lower surface of the adhesive layer 2, the upper surface 5a of the joint portion 5, and the lower surface 6a of the joint portion for protection.

The shape of the joint parts 5 and 6, the width and length of the upper surface 5a and the lower surface 6a, the extent of the vertical notch, etc., are determined when the lower surface 6a is superimposed on the upper surface 5a of the joint part when joining the waterproof sheets. There is no particular restriction as long as the two are matched and there is no step at the joint. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper surface 5a of the joint part is formed in a waveform, the lower surface 6a is formed in a corresponding waveform, and the upper surface 5a and the lower surface 6 are formed in a waveform.
The structure may be such that when the parts a are overlapped, the two parts mesh with each other.

Manufacturing examples of the waterproof sheet of the present invention having this joint are shown in FIGS. 4(A) to 4(C). First, the fiber reinforcing material 3 is layered on one side of the adhesive 2 formed in a sheet shape, compression molded to a predetermined thickness, and then the adhesive 2 is further applied to the upper surface of the fiber reinforcing material 3, as shown in FIG. A sheet I shown in (A) is produced.

Further, the adhesive 2 is laminated to a predetermined thickness on one side of a sheet made of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic resin 1, and hot press molded to produce a sheet 11 shown in FIG. 4(B).

Next, the sheet 1 and the sheet 11 are laminated together to produce the waterproof sheet of the present invention having joints 5 and 6, as shown in FIG. 4(C).

In the waterproof sheet shown in FIG. 2, the upper surface 5a of the joint 5 is located above the fiber reinforcement layer 3, and
Although the lower surface 6a of the joint part 5 is provided below the fiber reinforcement layer 3, the waterproof sheet of the present invention is not limited to this. The lower surface 6a of the portion 6 may be provided above the fiber reinforcement layer 3.

In the waterproofing method using the waterproof sheet shown in FIG. 2, at the construction site, as shown in FIG. After peeling off the paper pattern, it is laid on the base 7 and the waterproof sheet 8 is adhered to the base 7. Next, the upper surface 5 of the joint part of the waterproof sheet 8 is attached to the lower surface 6a of the joint part of the waterproof sheet 9.
A is overlapped and adhered to the base 7. At this time, the lower surface 6a of the joint portion 6 and the upper surface 5a of the joint portion 5 are joined together by the adhesive layer 2. Next, if necessary, a gap 10 is created between the tarpaulin sheet 8 and the tarpaulin sheet 9.
It is only necessary to fill it with a sealing material. In this way, the entire waterproofing work can be carried out by successively laying and joining the waterproof sheets.

If the waterproof sheet shown in FIG. 2 is used, in addition to the effects obtained by the waterproof sheet shown in FIG. Since it can be joined in one piece, the appearance is excellent and the reliability of the joint is high.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in a waterproofing method using a waterproof sheet, the upper surface 5a of the joint 5 is above the fiber reinforcement layer and the lower surface 6a of the joint 6 is below the fiber reinforcement layer. As shown in FIG. 6, the waterproof sheet 8 is adhered to the base 7, and the joint part 5a is fixed to the base using a locking means 11, such as a screw, a rivet, etc., and the joint part 6 of the waterproof sheet 9 is fixed to the base. It can also be superimposed on the joint portion 5 of the waterproof sheet 8 and joined together. One or more locking means 11 may be used. Next, if necessary, the gap 12 created between the waterproof sheets 8 and 9 may be filled with a sealing material.

The waterproofing method shown in Fig. 6 not only adheres the adhesive layer and the base but also locks the joints, so in addition to the effects obtained by the waterproof sheet shown in Figs. 1 and 2, , the reliability of installing the waterproof sheet is excellent, and the sealing part is sealed on the surface, so the sealing reliability is excellent. In addition, since the sheet surface has excellent smoothness, the bonding reliability of the joints is excellent and the appearance is excellent.

Furthermore, since it is fixed using locking means such as rivets, construction can be performed without being affected by weather such as rain.

<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples.

(Example 1) The following composition A: 70 parts of non-crosslinked butyl (manufactured by Polycer ■, Polyservyl 301) 30 parts of crosslinked butyl (manufactured by Borisar ■, Polyservyl XL-20) Carbon black GPF (manufactured by Asahi Carbon ■, Diablack G) 45 parts plasticizer DO3 (manufactured by Ohana Chemical Co., Ltd.) Polybutene (manufactured by Furukawa Chemical Co., Ltd.) Antioxidant RD (manufactured by Kawaguchi Chemical Co., Ltd.) 40 parts 40 parts 1 part were kneaded in a kneader, and then the thickness was adjusted with a calender roll. 3mm
A polyester nonwoven fabric was layered on one side of the sheet, and a sheet having a thickness of 2.5 mm was formed using a heat press. Furthermore, a solution prepared by dissolving 20 parts of Composition A in 80 parts of toluene was applied to the upper surface of the nonwoven fabric to a thickness of 0.2 mm to produce Sheet I having the structure shown in FIG. 4(A).

Further, Composition A was laminated to a thickness of 1 mm on an EPDM sheet having a thickness of 1 mm, and was molded by hot pressing to produce a sheet II having the structure shown in FIG. 4(B).

Next, the obtained sheet E and sheet If were pasted together to produce a sheet I11 having the structure shown in FIG. 4(C).

A wooden tank (vertical 900mm) with reinforced outer surface of this sheet III
After bonding to the entire inner surface of an area (mm x width 1800mm x depth 900mm), water was poured to a height of 80mm and observed for one month, but no water leakage was observed, indicating good water-blocking properties. Ta.

<Effects of the Invention> The waterproof sheet of the present invention and the waterproofing method using the same can be applied to a substrate at room temperature, do not require heat-melting adhesive work or adhesive, and can be applied easily and in a short time. It can be constructed with In addition, the adhesive layer becomes a buffer layer,
Is it externally caused by the underlying crank etc.? #Even if a blow is applied, the sheet will not be damaged and its waterproof performance will not deteriorate. Since the waterproof layer is made of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic resin, there is no need to apply mortar on the top surface like asphalt.
It is possible to walk on the top.

In addition, as shown in Figure 2, the waterproof sheet of the present invention, which has joints at both ends, and the waterproofing method using the same, can be joined flush with each other without creating any steps at the joints. It has an excellent appearance, and the joints are highly reliable.

Furthermore, according to the waterproofing method of the present invention shown in FIG. 6, the locking part has a surface-sealing structure, so it has excellent sealing reliability, and since it is fixed by the locking means, it can be protected against weather such as rain. Construction can be carried out without any influence.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing one embodiment of the waterproof sheet of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the joint, and FIGS. 4 (A) to (C). 5 is a process diagram showing an example of a method for manufacturing the waterproof sheet, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are longitudinal cross-sectional views illustrating a waterproofing method using the waterproof sheet of the present invention shown in FIG. 2, respectively. FIGS. 7, 8, and 9 are vertical cross-sectional views showing the structure of a conventional waterproof sheet, and FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a method of joining the waterproof sheet shown in FIG. Explanation of symbols 1...Waterproof layer, 2...Adhesive layer, 3...Fibre reinforcement layer, 4...Release paper, 5.6...Joint part of waterproof sheet, 5a... Upper surface of joint portion 5, 6a... Lower surface of joint portion 6, 7... Underlayer, 8.9... Waterproof sheet, 10.12... Gap, 11... Locking means FIG, 1F I G, 4 FIG, 2 8 FIG, 5 FIG, 6 FIG, 8

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A waterproof sheet having a waterproof layer mainly composed of vulcanized rubber and/or thermoplastic resin and an adhesive layer, wherein a fiber reinforcing material layer is sandwiched between the adhesive layer. Tarpaulin. (2) The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the opposite ends of the waterproof sheet have an upper surface of one end and a lower surface of the other end such that the fiber reinforcing material layer is not exposed and the adhesive layer is exposed. , a tarpaulin sheet having a pair of joints formed by alternating cutouts. (3) The waterproof sheet according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a release agent layer provided on the lower surface of the adhesive. (4) A waterproofing method using the waterproof sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that the waterproof sheet is fixed to the substrate by adhering the adhesive layer to the substrate. (5) A waterproofing method using the waterproof sheet according to claim 2, wherein the adhesive layer is bonded to a base and the adhesive layer is formed by cutting out the bottom surface on one joint formed by cutting out the top surface. A waterproofing method characterized by gluing the other joint. (6) A waterproofing method using the waterproof sheet according to claim 2, wherein the adhesive layer is adhered to a base layer, the upper surface is cut out, and a barrier is provided at one joint portion formed above the fiber reinforcing material layer. The adhesive layer is fixed to the base using a fixing means, and the other joint part, which is formed below the fiber reinforcing material layer by cutting out the lower surface, is adhered on top of the one joint part. Waterproofing method.