JPH03134539A - Evaluating method of quality of gear contact pattern of gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To evaluate the quality of a gear contact pattern with high reliability in a simple manner without influences of th shape of the gear contact pattern by using one or both of a first and a second positional data of the gear contact pattern. CONSTITUTION:A pair of tangents in a direction of an addendum are drawn parallel to a contour of a tooth surface 10a in a figure of an image corresponding to the gear contact pattern. The tooth surface 10a is divided into three parts in a direction of a tooth trace, and the ratio of the length of the three parts is obtained. The position of the gear contact pattern in the tooth trace direction is quantified on the basis of the obtained ratio, thereby obtaining a first positional data of the gear contact pattern. Then, figures of an upper end, a central part and a lower end in the addendum direction are extracted from the figure corresponding to the gear contact pattern, and a pair of tangents in the addendum direction are drawn parallel to the contour line for each figure. The tooth surface 10a is divided into three parts in the tooth trace direction and the ratio is obtained for each figure of the upper end, central part and lower end. The position of the gear contact pattern in the addendum direction is quantified based on the three ratios, thereby obtaining a second positional data of the gear contact pattern. Subsequently, the quality of the gear contact pattern of a pair of gears is judged on the basis of one or both of the positional data of the gear contact pattern.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for quantitatively determining the tooth contact quality of a pair of gears to be meshed, in order to make the tooth contact of these gears appropriate.

(Prior Art) As a conventional method for determining tooth contact of a gear, there is a method described, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-82905.

This conventional method uses a video camera or the like to image the peeling or transfer state of the paint applied to the tooth surface of one gear of a pair of meshing gears after the meshing drive, and then processes the obtained image to create a predetermined image. The evaluation parameters are determined, and the quality of the tooth contact and the quality grade are determined based on these evaluation parameters.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) Generally, when determining the tooth contact quality of gears, JIS B
1741, the ratio of tooth contact in the tooth trace direction and tooth depth direction is of course an important evaluation item, but the tooth contact position in the tooth trace direction and tooth depth direction (hereinafter referred to as (referred to as "tooth contact position" and "tooth contact ups and downs") are also extremely important evaluation items. In other words, even if the above tooth contact ratio is secured as required, the actual tooth contact position will not reach the normal tooth contact state shown in Figure 5(a) and will be extremely close to the tooth surface. If it is eccentric (“floating” in figure (b), “sinking” in figure (c))
The overall tooth contact quality is not good.

However, in the conventional method described above, the position and ups and downs of the tooth contact are not directly evaluated, and the centroid deviation of the figure corresponding to the tooth contact (hereinafter referred to as the tooth contact figure) in the tooth surface image and the tooth contact position and ups and downs are not directly evaluated. The tooth contact length, which is the tooth trace direction dimension and the tooth depth direction dimension of the contact shape, is only indirectly evaluated as an evaluation parameter, and the tooth contact position has not been quantified. Therefore, depending on the shape of the tooth contact figure, the tooth contact position that should be used as a reference varies, which adversely affects the accuracy of tooth contact quality determination.

The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems by quantifying the tooth contact position using predetermined parameters.

(Means for Solving the Problems) For this purpose, the method for determining the tooth contact quality of gears of the present invention involves applying paint to the tooth surface of one of a pair of gears, and then meshing the pair of gears. Then, the imaging means captures an image of the peeling state of the paint applied to the tooth surface of the one gear or the adhesion state of the paint transferred to the tooth surface of the other gear, and based on the obtained image. When determining the tooth contact quality of the pair of gears, draw a tangent in the pair of tooth depth directions parallel to the contour line of the tooth surface taught in advance on the figure of the portion corresponding to the tooth contact in the image, The tooth surface is divided into three parts in the tooth trace direction by these tangent lines, the ratio of the length of each part is determined, and the tooth contact position in the tooth trace direction is quantified based on the obtained ratio. Obtain contact position data, extract figures at the upper end, center, and lower end in the tooth depth direction from the figure corresponding to the tooth contact, and add a pair of tooth depths parallel to the contour line to each of these figures. Draw tangent lines in the direction, divide the tooth surface into three parts in the tooth trace direction using these tangent lines, and calculate the ratio of each part for each of the shapes of the upper end, center, and lower end, and the obtained 3 second tooth contact position data is obtained by quantifying the tooth contact position in the tooth depth direction based on the ratio of the teeth, and the tooth contact position of the pair of gears is determined based on one or both of the first and second tooth contact position data. The feature is that quality is judged.

(Function) According to the method of the present invention, the tooth contact as a figure corresponding to the tooth contact is determined from an image of the peeling state or transfer state of the paint applied to one tooth surface of a pair of meshing gears after the meshing drive. By extracting a figure and drawing a pair of tangent lines in the tooth depth direction that are parallel to the outline of the tooth surface taught in advance on this figure, the tooth surface can be divided into three parts in the tooth trace direction. The ratio of the length of each part is determined, and the shapes of the upper end, center, and lower end in the tooth depth direction are extracted from the shape, and each of these shapes has a pair of shapes parallel to the contour line in the tooth depth direction. By drawing tangent lines, the tooth surface is divided into three parts in the tooth trace direction for each of the upper end, center, and lower end, and the ratio of the lengths of these parts is determined. These ratios are used as evaluation parameters, that is, the tooth contact position described above is quantified based on the ratio of the tooth trace direction of the entire shape to obtain first tooth contact position data, and three types of tooth trace directions for each part of the shape are obtained. The above-described ups and downs of tooth contact are quantified based on the ratio of , and second tooth contact position data is obtained. The reason for determining the ups and downs of the tooth contact in this way is that the tooth contact shape extends in the tooth trace direction and tends to vary in shape in the tooth depth direction.
This is because the tooth contact state in the tooth depth direction can be accurately grasped by comparing the ratios in the tooth trace direction determined at each of the upper end, center, and lower end.

Since the tooth contact position and the ups and downs of the tooth contact can be quantified in this way, one or both of the obtained first and second tooth contact position data can be used to determine whether the tooth contact position is influenced by the shape of the tooth contact shape. It is possible to perform a simple and highly reliable gear tooth contact quality judgment without causing problems.

(Example) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a tooth contact quality evaluation system used to carry out the method of the present invention. In the figure, 10 indicates a gear as an evaluation target, and in this example, a hypoid gear is used.

As the gear 10, a paint 11 is applied to the tooth surface of one of the pair of gears, and one of the gears is used after being meshed and driven by a drive device (not shown). Therefore tooth surface 10
A paint 11 is attached to a by coating or transfer.

The gear 10 is rotatably positioned and mounted on a turntable-like rotating device 12, and a rotation start point positioning device 13
The following measurement of the tooth surface is started at a predetermined position defined by the following, and the gear is rotated by a predetermined angle each time under the control of a control device 16, which will be described later, until the measurement of the gold tooth surface of this gear is completed.

The tooth surface 10a of the gear 10 is illuminated by an illumination device 14. As this lighting device 14, one that emits visible light, such as a halogen lamp, is used. Although it is not necessary to make the surrounding environment a dark room, it is preferable to make it a dark room.

The tooth surface 10a illuminated by the illumination device 14 is imaged by the television camera 15. This imaging is performed based on a command from the control device 16 that monitors the rotation of the rotation start point positioning device 13, and at synchronized timing so that each tooth surface 10a can always be imaged under the same conditions. shall form a predetermined angle.

Image data from the television camera 15 is sent to an image processing device 17
is input. The image processing device 17 is connected to the control device 16, and the control device 16 is further connected to an operation display panel 18 that performs manual operations such as setting a gear to a corresponding vehicle type and starting measurement, and displays determination results.

The control device 16 executes the control program shown in FIG. 2 based on the input information from the rotation start point positioning device 13, the image processing device 17, and the operation display panel 18 to control the entire system, and the image processing device 17 controls the entire system. Based on the input information from the camera 15 and the control device 16, the control program shown in FIG. 3 is executed to process the tooth surface image.

That is, first, the system is started in step 101 in FIG. 2, the automatic operation mode is selected in step 102, and the compatible car model of the workpiece gear is set in step 103.
). In the next step 104, it is determined whether or not the workpiece is seated (this determination is made, for example, by a seating sensor (not shown) provided in the rotating device 12), and if the workpiece is not seated, the control returns to step 102, and if the workpiece is seated, the control is returned to step 102. In step 105, the judgment result indicator lights (the two indicator lights "OK" and "rNG" provided on the operation display panel 18) are reset to reset the judgment result display of the previous workpiece, and in step 106, the rotation start point is reset. positioning. This positioning is completed when the rotation start point positioning device 13 is brought into contact with the workpiece to fix the workpiece in a predetermined position, and then a positioning completion signal issued when the device 13 is released from the workpiece is received.

In the next step 107, an image processing start command is issued, for example, by operating the operation panel 18, and in step 108, image processing of the tooth surface image at the current positioning position is performed by a subroutine shown in FIG. 3, which will be described later. When the image processing completion signal is received in the next step 109, the rotation device 12 is operated in step 110 to rotate the workpiece by a predetermined angle so that the tooth surface to be processed next time can be imaged by the television camera 15. , control steps 111-108 to 11
Proceeding to loop 1, image processing of the tooth surface is performed.

When the image processing of all tooth surfaces is completed in this way, in the next step 112, a judgment result signal (this is sent to the image processing device 17
(transmitted from). If there is no determination result signal here (for example, in the case of a transmission error), control is returned to step 107, the image processing is performed again, and OK is determined.
When the signal is received, in step 113, press r on the operation display panel 18.
The OKJ judgment result indicator lamp is turned on, and when the NG double signal or the judgment error signal is received, the rNG and judgment result indicator lamp is turned on in step 114. In this case, this display is reset in step 115 (for example, the operator operates the operation display panel 18 after checking the display); if this reset operation is not performed, step 116 is performed while the workpiece is seated. -115-116 loop is repeated to enter a standby state, and when the workpiece is removed from the rotating device 12, an alarm is output in step 117. This alarm is reset in step 119 after the NG and determination error signals are reset in step 11B.

Next, image processing will be explained using FIGS. 3 and 4. First, a tooth surface image is captured in step 131 in FIG. 3, and this image is binarized in step 132. The image captured at this time is as shown in Figure 4 (a) (Here, we will explain one gear coated with paint and the other gear without paint coated, but the other gear is black and white reversed. When this image is binarized, a tooth contact figure P appears within the tooth surface, as shown in FIG. 3(b). In the next step 133, mask processing is performed using the contour shape of the tooth surface (hexagonal in this example) taught in advance based on the vehicle type setting in step 103 in FIG. Then, parts other than the target tooth surface are excluded.

Next, in step 134, noise removal processing is performed. This is to remove the isolated external part of the tooth contact figure P, which is the part with the largest area within the mask, as shown in FIG. is not affected either. Tangent line exploration is performed on the obtained tooth contact figure P in step 135. That is, as shown in FIG.
Draw tangents to the book Next, in step 136, as shown in FIG.
Find the ratio a:b:c of the lengths of the two parts. Here, the above ratio is obtained by finding the intersection with the tangent in the tooth depth direction on the line segment connecting the left and right lower end points of the tooth surface, but it is also possible to find the average value on other line segments, for example on the center line. You can. Next step 13 based on this ratio
In step 7, the tooth contact position is determined. This determination is performed by quantifying the tooth contact position in the tooth trace direction based on the tooth contact ratio a+b+c found from the ratio a:b:C and the tooth contact deviation 1a-cl, and obtaining first tooth contact position data. Based on this data, the tooth contact quality is graded and determined as OK or NG depending on whether this grade exceeds the standard.

Similarly, in the next step 138, as shown in FIG. (obtained on the line segment connecting points M and N). Next, in step 139, as shown in Q'1) of the same figure, the shapes P, h, and Px of the upper end, center, and lower end of the tooth contact shape P are
In order to extract only the tooth contact figure P, the other parts of the tooth contact figure P are masked, and in step 140, as shown in FIG.
Perform tangential exploration in the tooth depth direction to P3. Note that instead of the masking process in step 139, the figure pHP2+
The area corresponding to h is scanned by a straight line in the tooth trace direction, and the shape P is determined from the pixel density on this straight line.
, P, P3 may be extracted.

In the next step 141, as shown in FIG. , noj:ni:i! , , man:0 of figure P3 is obtained in the same manner as in step 136. Using these three ratios, the ups and downs of the tooth contact are determined in step 142.

Here, this determination is, for example, a deviation of 1 g - 1 f of the tooth contact.
, 1j-j! The tooth contact position in the tooth depth direction is quantified based on 1.1m-of to obtain second tooth contact position data, and based on this data, the tooth contact quality is graded based on a predetermined criterion, and this grade is the standard. It is judged as OK or NG depending on whether or not it exceeds the above, and various tooth contact figures (D-1-D-10 are on the drive side, C-1 to C
-tO is the coast side) D-1 and low 9 which are difficult to distinguish
゜D-8 and D-10, C-6 and C-9, C-7 and C-1
0 can be accurately identified and determined. Note that if the length ratio d:e:f in the tooth depth direction obtained in step 138 is also used for the determination in step 142, the accuracy of tooth contact quality determination can be improved, especially when the tooth contact shape is complex. If this ratio is not used for the determination in step 142, step 138 may be omitted.

In the next step 143, a comprehensive judgment of the tooth contact quality of this workpiece is made based on the judgment results of steps 137 and 142. This judgment is determined to be OK or NG, and if no judgment is obtained, it is assumed that the judgment is an error, and the judgment result is stored in the storage device.

In this way, the tooth contact position and the ups and downs of the tooth contact can be quantified, so one or both (both in this example) of the obtained first and second tooth contact position data can be used to determine the tooth contact position. It is possible to perform a simple and highly reliable tooth contact quality judgment that is not affected by the shape of the figure.

In addition, this system does not include lighting equipment! Using an ultraviolet lamp instead of the halogen lamp as 14, the TV camera 1
If a filter compatible with the ultraviolet rays is attached to the filter 5, the black-and-white contrast of the captured tooth contact image will become even clearer, and the accuracy of tooth contact quality determination will further improve due to the improved resolution.

(Effects of the Invention) Thus, as described above, the method for determining the tooth contact quality of a gear according to the present invention uses the shape of the portion corresponding to the tooth contact in the tooth/contact image,
The ratio of the lengths of the three parts of the tooth surface in the tooth trace direction, which are determined by the pre-taught outline of the tooth surface that surrounds this figure, and a pair of parallel tangents in the tooth depth direction, as well as the above-mentioned The upper end in the tooth depth direction extracted from the shape,
The tooth contact position and tooth contact are determined based on the three ratios of the lengths of the three parts of the tooth surface in the tooth trace direction, which are determined by the shapes of the center and lower ends and the tangent lines drawn in the same manner as above. Since ups and downs can be quantified, one or both of the obtained first and second tooth contact position data can be used to create a simple and reliable method that is not affected by the shape of the tooth contact shape. High tooth contact quality can be judged.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a tooth contact quality determination system used to implement the method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing a control program of a control device in the same example, and Fig. 3 is an image processing device in the same example. 4(a) to (j) are diagrams illustrating the image processing situation corresponding to the control program in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5(a) to (C) are diagrams showing the same example. A diagram for explaining the tooth contact state. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing various examples of figures of the portion corresponding to the tooth contact after image processing in the same example. 10...Gear 10a...Tooth surface 11.
...Paint 12...Rotating device 13...
Rotation start point positioning device 14...Lighting device 15...Television camera 16...Control device 17...Image processing device 18...Operation display panel Fig. 1 Fig. 4(a) Fig. 4( Fig. 4 (C) Fig. 4 (c) Fig. 6 Q-1 F-frontage-1 [Δ D-4ffi Fuco C-40Σ△

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Paint is applied to the tooth surface of one of a pair of gears, the pair of gears are meshed and rotated, and the paint is applied to the tooth surface of the one gear by an imaging means. When capturing an image regarding the peeling state of the paint or the adhesion state of the paint transferred to the tooth surface of the other gear, and determining the tooth contact quality of the pair of gears based on the obtained image, Draw a pair of tangent lines in the tooth depth direction that are parallel to the contour line of the tooth surface taught in advance on the figure corresponding to the contact, and divide the tooth surface into three parts in the tooth trace direction using these tangent lines. The ratio of the lengths of each of these parts is determined, and the tooth contact position in the tooth trace direction is quantified based on the obtained ratio to obtain first tooth contact position data, and the tooth height is calculated from the shape of the part corresponding to the tooth contact. Extract the figures at the upper end, center, and lower end of the direction, draw a pair of tangents in the tooth depth direction that are parallel to the contour line on each of these figures, and draw the tooth surface by these tangents in the tooth trace direction. The ratio of each of these parts is determined for each of the shapes of the upper end, center, and lower end, and the tooth contact position in the tooth depth direction is quantified based on the three ratios obtained. A method for determining tooth contact quality of gears, comprising: obtaining tooth contact position data, and determining tooth contact quality of the pair of gears based on one or both of the first and second tooth contact position data.