JPH03127605A - Method and device for pressure-regulating, straightening and homogenizing cyclic gas current - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate errors and to improve safety by equalizing the amt. of gas to be introduced into a variable-volume vessel to the amt. of gas to be discharged from the vessel and controlling the discharge flow rate with a flow controller. CONSTITUTION:A gas is intermittently and periodically introduced into the variable-volume vessel (c) (water-sealed gas holder) from a gas source (a). When the gas pressure is lower than the gas pressure in the vessel (c), a suction pump (l)is interposed between the source (a) and the vessel (c). The introduced gas is continuously delivered from the vessel(c)by a gas blower (b). When the gas is delivered from the vessel (c), the delivery is continuously controlled by the flow control valve (d) so that the variation in the volume of the vessel (c) is limited within a specified range while minimizing the fluctuations in the flow rate and pressure. Accordingly, the flow control valve (d) is fixed to a generated gas pipeline 1. The construction cost is drastically reduced in this way.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention is applicable to gases that are generated intermittently and periodically, such as gases separated by pressure swing adsorption (hereinafter referred to as PSA), which are separated by pressure fluctuations, flow rate fluctuations, and component fluctuations. The present invention relates to a method of making microscopic particles and continuously sending them out, and an apparatus therefor.

(Prior art) When a gas flow that is generated intermittently and periodically, that is, a cyclic gas flow is continuously delivered at a constant b1, a container that temporarily stores the gas in a gas supply pipe extending from a cyclic gas supply source is used. For example, when one or more scales of gases that have been selectively adsorbed by an adsorbent packed in a sorbent column in the PSA adsorption process are systematically delivered at a constant millimeter in the desorption process. , a container is interposed between the PSA device and the gas delivery device.

However, the amount of gas generated from the PSA changes due to changes in the operating conditions of the PSA, changes in the composition of the gas before treatment, and changes in the outside temperature. It is difficult to keep the pressure within a predetermined range, so the volume of the container is enlarged and the level of gas sent out from the pressure container is adjusted while monitoring the imbalance of the gas hanging in and out of the pressure container. 51W of
1 or PSA product gas generation amount is manually adjusted.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> In the above conventional method and 'fIt1, the gas conduction of the container is
needs to be made very large.

That is, the behavior of the gas capacity of the container is determined by the interval between gas supply and gas supply m in one cycle in which gas is supplied from the cyclic gas flow supply source, as shown in FIG.

Here, when a constant amount of the supplied cyclic gas is fed into the container during the gas supply period m, the volume fluctuation is determined by the gas supply period and the gas supply period as shown in FIG.

Here, as the gas supply period approaches 0, the range of fluctuation becomes maximum, and becomes equal to the gas generation rate per cycle. If the gas supply period is equal to the gas supply period, gas supply 17.
tm and gas delivery flow age become equal, and the range of capacity fluctuation of the container becomes minute.

The gas capacity ffi of the container is calculated by gIi!, which accounts for the above-mentioned capacity fluctuation and the gas temperature error caused by adjusting the balance between the gas inlet amount and the gas outlet amount.
t, has been revised. The capacity of the container is small! Although this is advantageous in terms of installation costs, conventional methods have relied on human intuition to adjust the balance between the amount of gas fed and the gas delivered b1, resulting in large errors and a large safety factor. I had no choice. Therefore, not only a large amount of construction cost was required to install the container, but also a vast installation space was required.

Furthermore, in the past, a great deal of time and effort was required for the W1 section of the gas balance between entering and exiting the container.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to connect a gas supply pipe from a knife rick gas flow supply source to a gas supply pipe when a cyclic gas flow is constantly and continuously delivered. Make the container interposed in the path as small as possible and regulate the pressure of the delivered gas! The object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus that can automatically perform flow and homogenization of l' at the same time.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the method of the present invention supplies a cyclic gas flow intermittently and periodically supplied from a gas supply source to a variable volume container equipped with a homogenizer. converting the gas into a homogeneous continuous gas stream and discharging it from a variable volume vessel equipped with the homogenizer, and extracting gas holding m from the volume of the variable volume gPJ vessel equipped with the homogenizer. is read, and from the amount of gas held and the elapsed time of the cyclic gas flow supply period, the variable volume container equipped with a homogenizing device at the start and end of gas supply to the variable volume container equipped with a homogenizing device. A procedure for determining the amount of gas held in a container, and a procedure for reading the gas delivery outflow from a variable volume container equipped with a homogenizer and accumulating the gas delivered from the container during the period of gas delivery to the container. and the gas supply cycle to the variable volume container equipped with a homogenizer, the determined minimum or RO gas amount of the variable volume container, and the variable volume container equipped with the homogenizer d determined in the above procedure. Set the gas delivery outflow from the eta variable container equipped with the homogenizing device by the procedure of calculating the gas delivery flow rate from the gas amount delivered from the variable volume container equipped with the homogenizing device during the gas feeding period. Then, the gas delivery flow rate from the variable volume container equipped with the homogenizer is made to match the set value of the gas delivery flow set by the flow fflllD means.

When the cyclic gas flow is supplied from a plurality of gas supply sources operated in cycles, the moving average value obtained from the gas delivery flow rate and the number of gas supply sources that are aSS for each gas supply source is calculated using a volume variable method. By setting the gas delivery flow rate from the container to a set value, the variable volume container absorbs fluctuations in the supply gas n( for each supply source).

Further, the apparatus for carrying out the above method includes a variable volume container interposed in the middle of a gas supply line from a cyclic gas flow supply source, and a gas supply line for a '4jIt flow from the variable volume container. a gas delivery device that is installed in the cyclic gas flow supply source and continuously sends out the gas that is intermittently and periodically into the container; a homogenizer v4 for homogenizing the components of the gas, a meteor control valve provided in the gas supply pipe on the downstream side of the variable volume container, and a meteor control valve provided in the variable volume container to homogenize the gas in the container. a gas holding ffi reading means for reading the amount held and converting it into an electrical signal; an elapsed time reading means for reading the elapsed time for both use from the start of the supply cycle of the cyclic gas flow; and gas supply downstream from the variable volume container. A gas flow Ji reading means provided in the pipe line reads the liliEm@ of the gas flowing through the pipe line and converts it into an electric signal, and W! integrates the gas flow read by the gas flow gkFiA sampling means. Based on the data read by the calculation means and each reading means, the specified minimum or Ji'R gas m of the variable volume container, the set supply period and supply period of the cyclic gas flow, and the elapsed time of the period. 11. Calculate the setting flow rate 1 from the 11th output setting flow (1). The set flow rate is calculated by the calculation means and the value is compared with the peak flow rate read by the gas flow rate reading means. and a flow rate regulator that adjusts the pulp opening degree of the flow ffl control valve by !ml so that both of them match.

A water-filled gas holder is used as the variable volume container, and the homogenizing means is installed at the tip of the gas inlet pipe that connects to the cyclic gas flow supply source via the gas supply pipe and stands up inside the variable volume container. a gas diffusion ring connected to the container, the gas diffusion ring being in communication with the gas inlet pipe;
It has a structure in which it is formed concentrically and has a large number of gas discharge holes arranged evenly along both the inner and outer circumferential edges on its upper surface.

(Function) In the method of simultaneously regulating the pressure, rectifying, and homogenizing the cyclic gas flow configured as described above, the gas capacity of the variable volume container is kept below the volume of the gas sender per revolution. can.

Furthermore, in the apparatus having the above configuration for carrying out this method,
A delivery flow rate that can make the amount of gas entering the variable volume container and the amount of gas sent out from the variable volume container the same and the amount of gas iix coming out of the container constant during a periodic period in which gas is intermittently supplied. is calculated, and the flow hill 1 control valve automatically adjusts the actual delivery flow rate to match the calculated value.

At the same time, the components of the delivered gas are homogenized by a homogenizing means installed in the variable volume container.

(Example> Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

In this example, the cyclic gas stream supply 1(a), which is fed intermittently and periodically, is an adsorption column that performs the desorption step on the PSA, and the cyclic gas is
It is a gas that is separated by

As is clear from the figure, cyclic gas flow supply 1 (a
) extends from the gas supply pipe (1) for supplying gas, and the gas supply pipe (1) is provided with a gas delivery 11fi (b) such as a compressor. A variable capacity 8i container (C) is interposed between (b) and the cyclic gas flow supply m(a).

Therefore, supply gas is intermittently and periodically fed into the variable volume container (C) from the gas supply source (a). At this time,
Gas supply 1 when the pressure of the gas supplied from the gas supply source (a) is lower than the pressure of the gas in the variable volume container (C).
A gas suction pump (J) is interposed between t(a) and the variable volume container (C).

On the other hand, the gas that is intermittently and periodically supplied to the variable volume container (C) is continuously delivered from the container (C) by the gas delivery device (b).

The variable volume container (C) above is Konomi/I! In the case of the example, it is a water-type gas holder, and the gas tank (6) is fitted inside the water tank (5), and the gas tank (6) moves up and down depending on the gas volume. but in particular is equipped with gas homogenization means (k).

That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a variable volume container (hereinafter referred to as a water-containing gas holder (C)) is connected to the gas supply pipe (1) on the upstream side. (5) At the upper end of the gas inlet pipe (2) standing up in the center, attach the gas inlet pipe (2
) and water li! ! A gas diffusion ring (3) is provided so as to be concentric with the gas diffusion ring (6), and a large number of gas release holes (4) are opened evenly and at a required release angle on the upper surface of the ring (3) along both the inner and outer peripheries. Water type gas boulder with drilling
(C) Gas outlet pipe (
7) is opened near the center of the gas diffusion ring (3).

The above gas release hole (4) is connected to the A1 water type gas holder (C).
Depending on the shape and size of the gas diffusion ring (3), and the diameter of the gas diffusion ring (3), the gas flow from the gas inflow part to the gas diffusion ring (3) is determined within an allowable pressure loss range and in order to make each gas outflow uniform. The optimal diameter and number are determined so that the diameter increases as the distance increases. The diameter of the gas release holes (4) may be changed sequentially for each gas release hole (4), or may be divided into groups each having a plurality of holes as one unit. The pore diameter may be changed for each group.

As a result, the generated gas fed into the water-type gas holder (C) is uniformly diffused and mixed into the nozzle tree (6) depending on the gas flow rate, and becomes homogenized.
).

When sending gas from this right water type gas holder (C), the amount of gas sent out is continuously controlled to minimize fluctuations in flow rate and pressure, and the capacity fluctuations of the water type gas holder (C) are kept within a predetermined range. Use the flow control valve (d) to adjust the flow rate so that it remains within the range.

Therefore, in the present invention, the right water type gas holder (C)
The amount of gas sent to the right water type gas holder (C) and the amount of gas sent from the water type gas holder (C) are the same amount during the period when gas is intermittently generated, and the amount of gas sent from the right water type gas holder (C) is Calculate the flow rate setting value at which the gas flow rate to be sent out is constant, and set the flow 1w 4-node valve (
d) opening degree to 1. II III. Separation control valve (d)
is the generated gas pipe (1) downstream of the water-filled gas holder (C)
It is set in.

The control means for controlling the generated gas delivery button by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate regulating valve (d) is constituted by a computer.

That is, the computer is equipped with a CPU, a memory that stores 70 grams, and a memory that stores data for Gas holder (C
) is inputted via the A/D converter, and the υ control output signal is outputted to the flow rate regulator (j) via the D/A converter.

The gas retention color of the water type gas holder (C) can be determined by knowing the level of the gas tank (6) of the water type gas holder (C). Therefore, the water type gas holder (
6) is equipped with an ultrasonic level meter (e) that reads the level of the gas tank (6) and converts it into an electrical signal, and constantly measures changes in the level.

In addition, in order to read the gas flow rate sent out from the water type gas holder (C), use the gas delivery device (b) and the 11KI! A flow meter (h) is connected to the gas supply pipe (1) between the control valve (d)
) to connect.

*The false meter (h) constantly measures 1tffi of the gas sent out by the gas delivery device (b) and flowing through the gas supply pipe (1) and converts it into an electrical signal.

Below, the measurement and *** for controlling the flow ff1t and If
The methods of 11111 and 11111 will be explained in detail.

Figure 4 shows that the gas is intermittently and periodically supplied from the gas generator to the water-filled gas holder, and the gas is continuously and constant H2t.
This is an operation chart when sent out.

Here ■I: Gas amount of the water-type gas holder when the gas supply source starts supplying gas [Philosophy] ■2: Gas amount of the water-type gas holder when the gas supply source finishes supplying gas B>(v) Td: Specified gas supply period (Sac) of the gas supply source TC: Specified gas supply period (Sac) of the gas supply source
) (Cycle) Qi: Gas supplied to the water-type gas holder within the gas supply cycle [
1 (Tr?) QO: Gas amount (item) sent out from the water-filled gas holder within the gas supply cycle qp: Gas flow rate sent out from the water-filled gas holder
(M?/sec) qS: Calculation setting value for the number of gases to be sent from the water type gas holder (-rf/sec) t: Elapsed time
(sec) Vsp: Volume fD of the water-filled gas boulder when the gas supply source starts supplying gas, set value [retention] Then, the range of gas amount fluctuation is constant as long as Qi does not fluctuate every circumference m. Become.

However, in the PSA, the amount of gas generated actually changes with changes in the temperature of the pre-processing gas, the atmospheric temperature, etc., and Qi fluctuates from cycle to cycle. There are predetermined lower and upper limits for the capacity of the water-flow type gas holder, and if it falls outside of these limits, the water-flow type gas holder will be damaged and cannot continue operating. Therefore, in order to control the clearing range of the right water type gas holder during operation within a predetermined range, vSp is given and qs is calculated.

v2 is the level meter installed in the water type J-sholder.
1 measurement value, the correlation equation between the gas level of the right water type gas holder and the level of the water type gas holder that was installed in advance, and the measurement value of the sending gas flow meter that signals the end of gas supply from the gas supply source in one cycle. This is the value obtained by integrating the flow film from the start to the end of gas supply from the gas supply source at .

TC is a prescribed gas supply period built into the PSA process cut-off sequence program that controls the operation of the PSA, and can be determined by reading this time setting value.

Using the above performer 1 and reading (+(I) and calculation means incorporating the calculation procedure of formula 0, the flow rate setting value is performed, and the delivery gas flow meter read from the flow meter (h) and the above flow rate setting Input the value into the flow rate regulator (j) and turn the flow rate control valve (
Set the pulp opening degree of d), perform 1IIIltIl of the flow bed, and continuously rectify and pressure the delivered gas.

Next, the procedure of computer control will be explained according to the diagram shown in FIG.

In addition, during the explanation of the flowchart shown in Fig. 5 (D,
... indicates the number of the processing procedure (step).

First, from the υ control data stored in the memory in step O, the flag indicating whether it is running or stopped is read from the process switching sequence program of the gas tank of the water type gas holder (C), and if it is stopped, the gas supply period is The flag indicating whether or not it is is read from the process switching sequence block Ogram, and furthermore, at O, the capacity set value vSp of the aqueous gas holder (C) is read from the numerical value stored in the memory.

Then, when it is not the gas supply period, the process returns to O, and when it is the gas supply period, the integrated value Q1 of the gas flow rate sent out from the water type gas holder is read at G). This No. 1st flow rate 1fi value Q+ is the gas meteor read at 01(h). Calculate by integrating with 111 device.

Then, in G), check the flag again from the process switching sequence program to see if it is the gas supply period, continue to integrate the amount, and when the gas supply period ends, check the water-type gas holder (C) in (). Read the level LS of the water-type gas holder (C) from the level meter (e), and use (F3) to determine the gas capacity of the water-type gas holder (C) at the end of gas supply V z
Perform O (V2-12 XS).

Read the gI calculation value Q2 of the gas meteor that is emitted, and (EJi
) to derive the set value qs of the gas flow rate sent from the water-filled gas boulder (C) (qS = (MV2-vsp)
+(Q2-Q+))/Tc>.

At the same time, return to step 6) and repeat (iE) and the following steps.

On the other hand, Flowff1fl! The J node (j>) constantly compares the transmitted flow set value and the actual flow rate of the delivered gas detected by the flow meter (h), and changes the valve opening signal to the flow control valve according to the difference between the two. Output to (d).

The i suspension control valve (d) changes the valve 171 degrees in response to the valve opening signal from the outflow control device (j), and adjusts the gas delivery flow rate.

In addition, if there are two or more gas supply sources (a) that supply gas intermittently, and each supply gas is alternately sent to the water-filled gas holder, each gas supply m
If the values are different, the gas delivery flow rate will change each time.

Therefore, the moving average of the gas delivery flow group setting values calculated in each cycle is calculated based on the number of gas generators to equalize the flow rate setting values.

Each meteor setting IqS + * qS 2
... Based on the number of qsn and gas supply #A (a), the moving average value of the flow rate setting value (qS = (qS + + (Is
Insert () to calculate 2...+qSn)/n).

As a result, even if there are two or more gas generators and the generated gas from each gas generator is alternately fed into the right water type gas holder, the gas can be continuously delivered at a constant flow rate and constant pressure.

(Effects) The present invention is configured as described above, and in order to perform calculations so that the gas delivery ♀ and IRI a are obtained every cycle, the gas holding period of the variable volume container is controlled at least once per revolution. Gas generation 6! You can do the following.

In other words, the variable volume container becomes very small, the construction cost for installation can be significantly reduced, and the installation space is also reduced.

In addition, since everything is controlled automatically, there is no need for any human intervention, which greatly reduces the time and effort required for operation management.

Furthermore, since the incoming gas is diffused and homogenized by the homogenizing means, even if the gas retention 11 of the pressure vessel is made small, even if the components in the generated gas change during Gas Generation II, the gas will always remain homogeneous. Gas can be delivered.

Thus, the intermittent gas flow can be rectified, pressure-regulated, and homogenized simultaneously and continuously before being sent out.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a flow diagram explaining the configuration of the present invention;
The figure is a cross-sectional view of a variable volume container, and Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the same.
Figure 4 shows the generated gas that is intermittently and periodically fed from the gas generator to the pressure vessel continuously and constantly! Operation chart when sending out with ffi, Figures 5 (a) and (b) are 70-chi 1 sheet showing the control procedure, Figures 6 and 7 are explanatory diagrams showing the behavior of the gas amount of the variable volume container. Hello, picture number 11! What is the behavior of the amount of gas generated in one cycle of gas generation and the amount of gas generated? Figure 1 shows the case where a constant amount of generated gas is fed into a variable volume container using the gas generation period and the amount of gas generated. In the figure, gas supply source gas delivery machine variable volume container (water type gas holder) flow rate & 1lfl
Valve gas retention amount reading means (ultrasonic level meter) integrating means elapsed time reading means gas retention amount reading means (flow meter) calculation means flow ff111 moderator homogenization means gas supply pipe gas inlet pipe gas diffusion ring gas discharge hole permit Applicant: Seibu Gas Co., Ltd. Applicant: Mitsubishi Yuka Engineering Co., Ltd. (a) Figure 5 (b) W-ru region 6 has a total of 0-velo αb Taguchi Jinhyo Invitation Test Threshold

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A cyclic gas flow is fed into a variable volume container equipped with a homogenizing device, and the gas is converted into a homogeneous continuous gas stream to provide a variable volume container equipped with the homogenizing device. At the same time, the amount of gas held is read from the volume of the variable volume container equipped with the homogenizing device, and the amount of gas held is read from the volume of the variable volume container equipped with the homogenizing device. The procedure for determining the amount of gas held in a variable volume container equipped with a homogenizer at the start and end of gas supply to the container, and the gas flow rate from the variable volume container equipped with a homogenizer. A procedure for reading and integrating the amount of gas delivered from the container during the gas delivery period to the container, a gas delivery period to a variable volume container equipped with a homogenizer, and a variable volume container equipped with a homogenizer. The gas discharged from the variable volume container equipped with a homogenizer during the gas supply period to the variable volume container equipped with a homogenizer determined by the above procedure and the specified minimum or maximum gas capacity of the container The gas delivery flow rate from the variable volume container equipped with the homogenizing device is set by the procedure of calculating the gas delivery flow rate from the gas amount, and the gas delivery flow rate from the variable volume container equipped with the homogenizing device is set by the flow rate adjustment means. A method for simultaneously regulating the pressure, rectifying, and homogenizing a cyclic gas flow, characterized by automatically controlling the flow rate so as to match the set value of the gas delivery flow rate. (2) When the cyclic gas flow is supplied from multiple gas supply sources operated in cycles, the moving average value calculated from the gas delivery flow rate calculated for each gas supply source and the number of gas supply sources is calculated using a volumetric variable method. 2. A method for simultaneously regulating the pressure, rectifying, and homogenizing a cyclic gas flow according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow rate of gas delivered from the container is set to a set value. (3) A variable volume container interposed in the middle of a gas supply pipeline from a cyclic gas flow supply source, and a cyclic gas flow supply source provided in a gas supply pipeline downstream from the variable volume container. a gas sending device that continuously sends out the gas that is intermittently and periodically fed into the container from the container; a homogenizer, a flow rate control valve provided in the gas supply line on the downstream side of the variable volume container, and a flow control valve provided in the variable volume container to read the amount of gas held in the container and convert it into an electrical signal. a gas holding amount reading means; an elapsed time reading means for reading the cycle elapsed time from the start of the supply cycle of the cyclic gas flow; a gas flow rate reading means for reading the gas flow rate and converting it into an electrical signal; an integrating means for integrating the gas flow rate read by the gas flow rate reading means; a set flow rate calculation means for calculating a set gas delivery flow rate based on the minimum or maximum gas capacity, the set supply period and supply cycle of the cyclic gas flow, and the elapsed time of the cycle; A cyclic gas comprising: a flow rate regulator that compares a set flow rate value with an actual flow rate read by a gas flow rate reading means and adjusts the valve opening of a flow rate control valve so that the two match. A device that simultaneously regulates, rectifies, and homogenizes the flow. (4) The apparatus for simultaneously regulating the pressure, rectifying, and homogenizing a cyclic gas flow according to claim (3), wherein the variable volume container is a water-containing gas holder. (5) The homogenizing means consists of a gas diffusion ring provided at the tip of a gas inlet tube that stands in the variable volume container and communicates with the cyclic gas flow supply device, and the gas diffusion ring communicates with the gas introduction tube. Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the container is formed concentrically with the container and has a large number of gas discharge holes arranged evenly along both the inner and outer peripheral edges on the upper surface thereof. A device that simultaneously regulates, rectifies, and homogenizes cyclic gas flow.