JPH03105568A - 2-dimensional/3-dimensional unified cad system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain the application of a CAD system even to the design requiring a 3-dimensional study by providing a means which displays both 3-dimensional and 2-dimensional graphic data overlapping each other on the same screen of a display device. CONSTITUTION:A means is provided to input the 3-dimensional graphic data together with a means which inputs the 2-dimensional graphic data, a means which stores the 3-dimensional graphic data, a means which stores the 2-dimensional graphic data, and a means which displays simultaneously both 3-dimensional and 2-dimensional graphic data overlapping each other on the same screen. For instance, a 2-dimensional study is carried on based on a front view 504, a plan view 503, a side view 505, and an arrow view 506. When a 3-dimensional study is required, the time point when the 3-dimensional data on a main body case 513, a drum 508, and a light emitter 509 is supposed. Thus various designing operations are prepared and therefore the operability is improved.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a CAD system.

In particular, it relates to a CAD system for planning and designing machines.

In mechanical design, designers use tools to organize their thoughts and
A planning drawing is created in order to examine whether the machine under design will exhibit sufficient functionality and whether it will cause any problems. Conventionally, such studies have been conducted using only two-dimensional planning drawings drawn by hand on paper.

However, in order to broaden the scope of the study and increase the reliability of the study, two-dimensional planning drawings using a CAD system, 3
The use of dimensional diagrams, models, etc. has increased.

The present invention is used to conduct such studies.
This invention relates to a CAD system that handles dimensional plan drawings and three-dimensional drawings in an integrated manner.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the processing flow of machine design.

The procedure is shown below.

■ At step 201, two-dimensional main projection view (front view)
The structure is proposed and examined above (201). The designer is
First, design begins using a diagram that best represents the characteristics of the target machine, that is, a principal projection diagram.

Designers rarely consider three dimensions from the beginning, but first conduct two-dimensional considerations.

■ In step 202, the structure is detailed,
Examination is performed (202).

Note that the three-view diagram is a general term for diagrams used in drafting that are viewed from a plurality of directions, and the number of diagrams is not limited to three.

In addition, in steps 201 and 202 above, 2
The dimensional main projection view and the two-dimensional auxiliary projection view are as follows: (1) In step 203, only the necessary portions are converted into three dimensions and a three-dimensional study is performed (203).

Three-dimensional examination is the examination of the overall arrangement, balance, mechanism, operability, processability, ease of assembly, etc., which cannot be determined from a two-dimensional diagram, by displaying a diagram viewed from any direction. It is to do.

Generally, the diagram created in the process of steps 201 to 203 is called a plan drawing, and the design during this period is called a plan design or basic design. The purpose of planning and design is not to create a plan but to determine product specifications. Not everything about a product can be decided at once, and it is not possible to propose the most appropriate design solution from the beginning. Therefore, operations on planning drawings are more likely to involve changing existing data to suit an idea rather than inputting new data. The operations required at this time are operations that correspond to the design change and are meaningful from a design perspective.

Plans are never given to the person in charge of production.

■ At step 204, create a two-dimensional parts diagram only for new parts based on the study results (204)
.

Parts drawings are instructions for manufacturing parts and are given to the person in charge of manufacturing.

■ At step 205, a two-dimensional assembly drawing is created based on the parts drawing (205).

When creating a plan using a CAD system, assembly drawings are often created based on the plan.

Assembly drawings are assembly instructions and are given to the person in charge of assembly.

In the flow described above, steps 201 to 203 are frequently repeated. Furthermore, the specific weight of steps 201 to 205 varies considerably depending on the type of design.

The present invention relates to a system that mainly supports the work performed in steps 201 to 203 in the flow of such a design.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there have been many systems that support drafting and design using two-dimensional figures expressed as two-dimensional figure data, and these systems have been widely used. Such a system will hereinafter be referred to as a two-dimensional system. In addition, in such a system, a function of creating a three-dimensional view (stereoscopic view) while using two-dimensional graphic data has also been realized.

Apart from this, there are also many systems that can handle three-dimensional figures expressed using three-dimensional figure data and can display diagrams of three-dimensional figures viewed from any direction. Such a system will hereinafter be referred to as a three-dimensional system. Many 3D systems are mainly intended for creating models for structural analysis and numerical control processing, but there are also functions intended to support design.
It is used for various design considerations.

These systems assume a plane in three-dimensional space,
It is possible to define a two-dimensional figure expressed using three-dimensional figure data on that surface.

Since such two-dimensional figures are often used as means for inputting three-dimensional figures, the assumed plane is sometimes called an input plane.

When using a 3D system, you may need functions for drafting and designing using 2D figures when using it for design, or you may need functions for drafting models for analysis or processing. As a result, systems have been created that add the functionality of 2D systems to 3D systems. Such a system will hereinafter be referred to as a two-dimensional and three-dimensional coupled system. This kind of system was created because when a 2D system and a 3D system exist separately, a 2D figure expressed using 2D figure data is converted into a 2D figure expressed using 3D figure data. This is to simplify operations when a three-dimensional figure expressed using three-dimensional figure data is projected two-dimensionally to create a drawing expressed using two-dimensional figure data.

In a two-dimensional three-dimensional combination system, the screen is divided into an area for two-dimensional figures (generally called a two-dimensional view) and an area for three-dimensional figures (generally called a three-dimensional view), and two It can display dimensional figures and three-dimensional figures. Therefore, mutual transfer of figures between two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures can be performed relatively easily in a manner similar to the operation of moving the display location.

As mentioned above, in the CAD system used for the work in steps 201 to 203, the focus is on operations for changing existing data according to ideas rather than operations for newly inputting data. Therefore, the operations required at this time are operations that correspond to the design change and are meaningful from a design perspective. In contrast, the operation of conventional CAD systems was designed to allow the simplest input of graphics. This is because figures were often input when hand-drawn drawings and the like already existed. In addition, in order to be able to input any shape, it was thought that only basic operating methods would be provided, and that by combining them, it would be possible to do anything.

For example, a three-dimensional figure can be viewed from any direction as long as you instruct it, and a figure can be viewed from any direction.
Each book could be changed in any way. Furthermore, it has been possible to convert a two-dimensional figure into three-dimensional space by first arranging the two-dimensional figure in a three-dimensional space, creating it, and then sweeping it.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

When using a two-dimensional system, the user generally
In order to represent a three-dimensional product shape on a screen equivalent to a two-dimensional drawing, multiple views such as a front view, a top view, and a side view are created. In a two-dimensional system, there is no particular relationship between these figures, and each figure can be created freely. This point has the advantage that it can be drawn in any way, but it also has the disadvantage that even if there is a contradiction between these figures, it can be drawn as a figure.

There are many cases where a discrepancy between the front view and the plan view is not noticed, and it is discovered at the manufacturing stage that it cannot be machined, and the design needs to be revised.

Furthermore, many two-dimensional systems can create three-dimensional diagrams when three-dimensional consideration is required. However, a three-dimensional diagram created using a two-dimensional system cannot be rotated and viewed from other directions. Therefore, if a three-dimensional diagram viewed from a plurality of different directions is required, it is necessary to perform the three-dimensional diagram creation operation multiple times.

On the other hand, in a three-dimensional system, a three-dimensional product shape is represented as it is in three dimensions, and views of it from several directions are displayed, so there can be no contradiction between the plurality of views. Furthermore, it can be easily rotated to display a diagram viewed from any direction. However, it has the disadvantage that it takes more time to create three-dimensional shape data than to create several two-dimensional diagrams.

Therefore, users of CAD systems can grasp the 3D shape from only 2D drawings, and 2D examination alone is sufficient for areas where there is little chance of disagreement. , using two-dimensional figures that are easy to input. On the other hand, it is difficult to grasp the 3D shape from only 2D diagrams, and 3D examination from multiple directions is necessary for areas where there is a high possibility of inconsistency from 2D examination alone. Attempts to utilize three-dimensional shapes even if input operations are somewhat difficult.

However, even in a two-dimensional three-dimensional combination system, it is not possible to arbitrarily use two-dimensional figures and three-dimensional shapes. This is because even if two-dimensional figures and three-dimensional figures are used properly, each can only be displayed in separate areas.

Taking into account the above-mentioned problems, the following is a study of how to use the CAD system according to the flow of design for each amount of three-dimensional study points.

(l) When three-dimensional studies are not required, all studies are performed on two-dimensional planning drawings. Based on the results, create parts drawings and assembly drawings.

Therefore, design support is possible only with a two-dimensional system. However, as user needs such as miniaturization of products are increasing, the number of products that do not require three-dimensional consideration at all is decreasing.

The flow of data between systems in such a case is shown in FIG. That is, first, in step 301, a two-dimensional study is performed on the main projection map (301). Step 302
Develop it into a three-dimensional view and conduct a two-dimensional study (302)
．． When the examination is completed, the process moves to step 303, where a parts diagram is created for each part (303), and based on it, an assembly diagram is created in step 304 (304).

(2) When there are only a few 3D examination points, perform most of the examination on the 2D planning drawing, and input only the points that require 3D examination into the 3D system.
Consider dimensionally.

Once the study is complete, the changes made to the 3D system will be reflected in the 2D plan. There are two ways to reflect the changes: one is to manually grasp the changes and change the two-dimensional plan drawing, and the other is to project the 3-dimensional data from the 3-dimensional system onto the two-dimensional plan drawing and convert it into the original figure. There is a way.

The entire project will be examined again using a two-dimensional plan that reflects the results of the three-dimensional examination.

Proceed with the study by repeating the above steps.

Once the study is complete, parts drawings and assembly drawings are created based on the results.

This form of design can be supported to some extent by a combination of two-dimensional and three-dimensional systems, or even by two-dimensional and three-dimensional coupled systems. However, in this case, operations must be performed to reflect the results of the three-dimensional study on the two-dimensional planning drawing.

The flow of data between systems in such a case is shown in FIG. That is, first, in step 401, a two-dimensional study is performed on the main projection map (401). Step 40
In step 2, we developed it into a three-view diagram and conducted a two-dimensional study (40
2), only the parts that require three-dimensional examination are carried out in step 40.
3 and conduct a three-dimensional study using a separate system (40
3) When the 3D examination is completed, the results are reflected in the 2D three-dimensional diagram (402), and when the 2D and 3D examination are completed, a parts diagram is created for each part in step 404. Create (404). Based on this, an assembly drawing is created in step 405 (405). (3) If there are many points to be examined three-dimensionally, perform some examination on the two-dimensional planning drawing, and input the points that require three-dimensional examination into the three-dimensional system for examination. When the study is completed, it is conceivable that changes in the three-dimensional system will be reflected in the two-dimensional planning drawing. Furthermore, if a two-dimensional three-dimensional combination system is used, the number of operations required to reflect changes will be reduced to some extent.

However, if conventional systems are used, in designs that involve many three-dimensional considerations, such as the one targeted here, there are many changes that need to be made to reflect each other, making operations cumbersome.

(4) When considering everything three-dimensionally Even when considering everything three-dimensionally, the beginning of the investigation must be done two-dimensionally. Therefore, it is impossible to design everything from beginning to end using three-dimensional plans. Therefore,
The natural flow is to create a three-dimensional image based on a two-dimensional diagram. For this reason, a problem similar to the case (3) above occurs during the three-dimensional conversion stage.

In this way, when there are areas that require three-dimensional consideration, using a conventional CAD system requires the user to perform mutual data exchange between two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures. There is a lot of work that needs to be done, and the operation is very cumbersome. In addition, when using a conventional CAD system at the planning and design stage, it is easy to input new shapes, but it is difficult to input new shapes according to the flow of the design.
It is not easy to make really necessary changes to the shape.

Furthermore, with conventional CAD systems, even if 3D shape data is partially created, it is not possible to see the whole by overlapping it with 2D figure data already stored in a 2D system.

An object of the present invention is to provide a CAD system for planning design that can solve these problems and can be applied to designs that involve three-dimensional consideration.

[Means to solve the problem]

The above problems are: means for inputting 3D graphic data, means for inputting 2D graphic data, means for storing 3D graphic data, means for storing 2D graphic data, and means for storing 3D graphic data. A means for displaying two-dimensional figure data simultaneously on the same screen, a means for performing operations on the memorized figure data according to the design flow, or a means for inputting data independent of the line of sight direction, and a means for inputting data independent of the line of sight direction. A means for inputting direction-dependent shape data, a means for storing shape data independent of the viewing direction, a means for storing shape data dependent on the viewing direction, and a means for inputting shape data independent of the viewing direction and a means for inputting shape data independent of the viewing direction. means for displaying dependent shape data simultaneously on the same screen;
This problem can be solved by providing a means for performing operations on the stored shape data in accordance with the design flow.

[Effect]

When three-dimensional graphic data and two-dimensional graphic data are input, they are stored and displayed on the same screen at the same time.

Furthermore, the three-dimensional graphic data is displayed in any direction.

Further, the stored graphic data is processed using an operation method that follows the design flow.

Alternatively, if you input shape data that is independent of the viewing direction and shape data that depends on the viewing direction, they will be memorized and displayed on the same screen at the same time. Furthermore, shape data that is independent of the viewing direction can be displayed in any direction. In addition, the stored shape data is
It is processed using an operating method that follows the flow of the design.

〔Example〕

As an embodiment of the present invention, the following is a C
The case of an AD system will be explained.

This system consists of the hardware device shown in Fig. 1 and the program that runs on the device.The six-manpower device 101 is for inputting commands for operating this system and data of the design object. It is. The arithmetic unit 102 is for analyzing operational commands, interpreting operational commands, manipulating stored data of the design object, performing geometric calculations, and the like. The storage device 103 is for storing data of the design object. The output device 104 is for outputting design results.

The aims and features of this system are as follows.

(1) Emphasize the study work itself rather than the drafting (output production). However, drafting is also possible.

(2) By using two-dimensional models and three-dimensional models properly, planning and examination using two-dimensional models, examination using a combination of two-dimensional models and partially or entirely three-dimensional models, and manufacturing drawings (parts We provide consistent support for examinations while drafting (drawings, assembly drawings).

(3) By handling assembled products as products to be designed, we support examination in the assembled state and unification of data.

(4) With the ability to easily create two-dimensional manipulations of three-dimensional models and diagrams viewed from the line of sight that facilitate manipulation, there is no need to use three-dimensional coordinate systems, which are difficult for designers to understand. Make it available. (5) Utilizing dimensions and contact relationships between parts to improve model operability and study ease.

This aim was born from the following background.

(1) The focus of the study is two-dimensional.

(2) As a method for manipulating 3D data, it is necessary to facilitate operations by inputting and changing data by 2D manipulations, and by performing references both 2D and 3D.

(3) Two-dimensional data and three-dimensional data each have the following characteristics, and when considering man-machine characteristics, it is necessary to use data appropriately depending on the situation.

2D data: Easy to operate 3D data with abundant existing data Easy to centralize data between two-dimensional drawings and between personnel Expands the range of consideration (4) Each drawing created by the user has the following information. There are characteristics like.

Planning drawings are created for the purpose of conducting design studies, and require ease of input change operations and unification of data. The graphic data requires two-dimensional and three-dimensional graphic data.

A parts drawing is a drawing created for the purpose of giving processing instructions, and it is necessary to create a complete drawing with hidden lines for effective communication with the fabricator. The graphic data requires two-dimensional graphic data.

Assembly drawings are drawings created for the purpose of giving instructions for assembly, and like parts drawings, it is necessary to create complete drawings with hidden lines for effective communication with assemblers. be. The graphic data requires two-dimensional graphic data.

FIG. 5 shows a standard screen structure during design using this system. The design target shown as an example is a simplified version of a laser beam printer. It is assumed that the laser beam printer is composed of five parts: a drum 508, gears 510 to 512, a light emitting device 509, a main case box 513, and a main case lid 517.

The screen is divided into six display areas (hereinafter referred to as views). The number of views is not fixed, and can be newly created or deleted by operation.

The view 501 is a display area for inputting operation commands (hereinafter referred to as commands). Although a preferred embodiment is a method of selecting a displayed command using a pointing device such as a tablet or a mouse, the present invention does not limit the method of inputting commands to this method.

The view 502 is a three-dimensional view for the purpose of displaying three-dimensional graphic data. This view is for displaying a three-dimensional figure three-dimensionally. This system has means for arbitrarily changing the line of sight direction of this view using a value dial or the like. It also has means for numerically inputting line-of-sight direction data from the input device 101.

The view 503 is a two-dimensional view for superimposing a three-dimensional figure seen from above and a two-dimensional figure exclusively for the figure seen from above.

The view 504 is a two-dimensional view for displaying a three-dimensional figure seen from the front and a two-dimensional figure exclusively for the figure seen from the front superimposed.

The view 505 is a two-dimensional view for superimposing and displaying a three-dimensional figure viewed from the right and a two-dimensional figure exclusively for illustrations viewed from the right.

The view 506 is a two-dimensional view in which a three-dimensional figure viewed from a direction perpendicular to the virtual surface 507 and a two-dimensional figure exclusive for illustrations viewed from the same direction are superimposed. This view 506 corresponds to an arrow view of a two-dimensional drawing drawn by a designer on a drawing paper.6 In the example of FIG.
In order to study the radiation angle of No. 09, I created this diagram to draw a diagram that expresses the angle as it is.

The three-dimensional graphic data of the main body case 513, drum 508, and light emitting device 509 displayed in views 502 to 506 are all the same data, and one data is displayed in multiple views. On the other hand, view 50
Since the two-dimensional graphic data of the gear displayed in views 3 to 506 have different viewing directions in all views, different data is displayed for each view. That is, the gear 510 on the front view 504, the gear 511 on the top view 503, and the gear 5{2 on the side view 505 display different data.

In this example, first, two-dimensionally, a front view 504, a plan view 503, a side view 505, and an arrow view 5 are shown.
06, and when it became necessary to conduct a three-dimensional study, the main body case S13, drum 508, light emitting device 50
It is assumed that the 3D data of 9 has been created. Therefore, for the gear, only separate two-dimensional data 510 to 512 exist, and no three-dimensional data exists.

With this system, if the user determines that 3D data is not necessary for consideration, the user can leave the 2D data as is, and if it becomes necessary later, the user can convert it to 3D data at that time.
It is possible to perform dimensionalization.

In conventional systems, it was not possible to display 2D data and 3D data in an overlapping manner. Data had to be prepared separately.

In this system, a means is provided that allows two-dimensional graphic data to be displayed in different two-dimensional views corresponding to the same visual line direction to be the same or different. This is because when displaying a partially enlarged view in a different view, the same shape data is used, and multiple views with the same line of sight but different cross sections are displayed in multiple views. This is to enable separate graphic data to be used.

Also, depending on the method of use, it is possible to exceptionally prevent specific three-dimensional graphic data from being displayed in a specific view.

The storage device of this system stores data in a configuration as shown in FIG. This example mainly shows a part of the diagram shown in FIG. 5, that is, the part extracted in FIG. 6.

In FIG. 6, the three-dimensional coordinate system is xyz, and the two-dimensional coordinate system is XY for each view.

As shown in Figure 7, the data consists of parts, parent-child relationships of parts, 2D and 3D view points, straight lines, circles, 3D planes, cylindrical surfaces, and dimensions. What is shown in FIG. 7 is only important information for implementing the present invention, and does not show all information. Furthermore, the format is merely an example, and implementation in other formats is also possible.

In addition to the component ID and the component name, the component data includes the name of the file to be saved and the component placement matrix. The location matrix stored here is a matrix that represents the absolute position, not the relative position with respect to other parts.

For points, straight lines, circles, planes, and cylindrical surfaces, in addition to the geometric data of the shape, data to distinguish the parts to which they belong is added.
Two-dimensional points, straight lines, and circles also have data added to distinguish between the displayed views. By using such data, it is possible to determine which part each graphical element belongs to.
Furthermore, since it is known in which view the two-dimensional graphical element will be displayed, a picture like the one shown in FIG. 5 can be displayed.

In this system, a means is provided for storing the graphic data in the storage device 103 shown in FIG. 7 in a file as shown in FIG. 8. As shown in FIG. 8, the files include a laser beam printer file 801 as a data file for the entire assembly, a drum part file 802 and a case data file 811 as data files for subassemblies, and data for single parts. As files, drum data file 803, gear data file 8
05, Drum figure data file 8 as a three-dimensional figure data file such as light emitting device data file 809
04. Graphic data file 810 of the light emitting device, etc., graphic data file 806 for the gear front view 504, and gear top view 50 as two-dimensional graphic data files.
3 graphic data file 807 etc. are created.

Data files for whole assemblies and subassemblies include a list of their child subassemblies or single parts,
Information such as their arrangement position, view when displayed on the screen, and dimensions to be displayed only in the diagram of the assembled state is saved. In addition, the data file for a single part stores information such as a list of graphic data files for that part and a view when displaying on the screen.

Information on a design object can be referenced in the assembled state as a whole, in subassembly units, or in single component units.

The display position of each component usually differs in each case. For example, the magnification, position, direction, etc. for displaying the drum 508 are different when displaying the entire drum 508 and when displaying only its parts. Therefore, it is possible to store information for displaying each of the entire assembly, subassembly, and single component when objects below them are displayed.

Dimension data is stored in different ways depending on the dimensions within a single part and the dimensions between different parts.

Dimensions of single parts, for example, 514 are the dimensions of the drum 508, and the three-dimensional figure data file 804 of the drum 508
saved in On the other hand, the dimension 516 between the drum 508 and the gear 511 is a dimension that has meaning only when the drum and gear are combined, so the data file 802 of the drum section, which is the assembled product,
saved in The dimension 515 between the drum 508 and the light emitter 509 has meaning only when the drum light emitters are combined, so it is included in the data file 801 of the entire assembly, which is the assembled assembly. Saved. By saving in this way, for example, if the same drum section that you are currently designing is to be used in another machine, if you use the data of the drum section as is, you can change the shape of the drum and gear as well as the dimensions of the drum. The dimensions 516 of the drum section can be used as is, and the dimensions of the drum and light emitting device can be determined separately, so there is no need to pass the data of this machine.

The above content will be explained in detail in relation to FIG.

The data shown in FIG. 7 is saved in the file 801 of the laser beam printer according to the following procedure.

(1) Save all the contents in Figure 7(c) (This information is the view information when referring to the current design object in the assembled state, and all belongs to the topmost part)
.

(2) With reference to FIG. 7(a), save the part name (named laser beam printer).

(3) Referring to Figure 7(b), extract the ID of the component corresponding to the child for all relationships where the parent component ID is 4. (4) Referring to Figure 7(a), extract the ID of the component corresponding to the child. Regarding the parts of
File names (i.e. file 802, file 8
09, name of file 811) and the placement matrix of each child component relative to the parent placement matrix.

(5) Referring to Figure 5 (part), for the dimension with belonging part ID 4, display view ID, dimension value, edge IDI, edge I
For each D2, each ID and a list of component IDs up to the end are saved. The list of component IDs is saved using FIG. 7(b).

The contents of the file 801 saved according to this procedure are as follows:
It will look like this:

View: 1, 2-dimensional type, O, 0, 1, ... 2, 2-dimensional type,
1, O, O, ... Parts: Laser beam printer child parts: Name of file 802, 1, O, O, O, o, i,
... Name of file 809, ... Name of file 811, ... Dimensions: 506, 150, 3 (drum section), 1 (drum), three-dimensional straight line, 1, ? (Light-emitting device), 3-dimensional straight line, ? , . . . Also, the data shown in FIG. 7 is saved in the drum file 803 according to the following procedure.

(1) If a record of view information already exists in the file 803, (2) overwrite it after it using the following method. The B21 information present in the file 803 is information for displaying the drum as a single component, and is not used when displaying an assembled product.

(2) Refer to Figure 7(a) and save the part name (named drum). (3) Referring to FIG. 7(b), for all relationships in which the parent component ID is 1, extract the ID of the component corresponding to the child.

(4) Since there are no child parts, the process of saving the child part's file name and placement matrix is not performed. (5) Since there are no child parts, record the name of the graphic file.

The contents of the file 801 saved according to this procedure are as follows:
It will look like this:

Part: Drum Three-dimensional figure: Name of file 804 The data shown in FIG. 7 is stored in the three-dimensional figure file 804 of the drum part by the following procedure.

(1) Referring to FIG. 7(e), save the information of the three-dimensional point whose belonging part ID is 1.

(2) With reference to FIG. 7(g), save the information of the three-dimensional straight line whose belonging part ID is 1.

(3) Referring to FIG. 7(i), save the information of the three-dimensional circle whose belonging part ID is l.

(4) With reference to FIG. 7(j), save the information of the three-dimensional plane whose belonging part ID is 1.

(5) With reference to FIG. 7(k), save the information of the three-dimensional cylindrical surface whose belonging part ID is 1.

(6) Referring to FIG. 7(Q), save information on the dimension whose belonging part ID is 1 and information on the viewing direction of the view in which the dimension is displayed.

The contents of the file 804 saved according to this procedure are as follows:
It will look like this:

3-dimensional point: 1, O, 0, 125, ... 2, O, O, -25, ... 3-dimensional direct n. : 1, 1, 2, center line,... 3-dimensional circle: 1, O. O, 0, 50, outline, O, O, . 1,2,O
,0,100,50,outline,0,0,1, ・ ・
・3-dimensional plane: 1, O, O, King, 0, 1, 2. O, 0, 1, 100, 2, ... 3-dimensional cylindrical surface: 1, 1, 50, 1, 2, ... Dimensions: 514. 3-dimensional circle, 1, 3-dimensional circle, 2, 1 0 0 ,0
, 1, O, ・ ・ ・ In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the entire assembly, subassembly, single part, three-dimensional figure, and two-dimensional figure are each saved in separate files. The invention is not limited to this method.

For example, the data file for a single part and the figure data file may be saved together, or the entire data file may be saved as one data file.

Next, the output device 104 will be explained.

In this example, the output device shown in FIG. 9 was used. That is, a video signal monitoring device 902 receives three-dimensional graphic data 901 in the format shown in FIG. 7 as input and outputs a video signal.
, a video signal generation device 904, 2 that receives two-dimensional graphic data 903 in the format shown in FIG. 7 and outputs a video signal.
This configuration includes a video signal mixing device 905 that mixes two video signals, and a display 906 that displays the video signals. Video signal generating devices themselves have existed for a long time. These include those that input 3D graphic data, those that input 2D graphic data, those that allow input switching between 3D and 2D graphic data, and those that input 3D graphic data by dividing the area. There was something that could mix 2D graphic data.

Furthermore, video signal mixing devices have also existed in the past.

This is used when emergency news or time stamps are displayed on a television screen. However, there was no device that combined these.

The present invention does not limit the output device to the device of this embodiment. Therefore, it is also possible to realize this by using other output devices as shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. 11, for example.

The output device shown in FIG. 10 converts three-dimensional graphic data 901 into two-dimensional graphic data using a projection device 1002 to create two-dimensional graphic data 1001, and copies two-dimensional graphic data 903 thereto. This is an output device that displays the data through a video signal generation device.

A specific method will be explained in relation to FIG. First, the seventh
Among the data in the format shown in the figure, from three-dimensional data,
Projected two-dimensional data 1001 is created. Next, the original two-dimensional data is copied into 1001 by changing only the IDs so that they do not overlap. This data is then transferred to the video signal generation device 904.

In the case of this method, there may be a method in which the two-dimensional graphic data 1001 is also used as the two-dimensional graphic data 903.

The output device shown in FIG.
, data 508. which is independent of the viewing direction. That is, data that can be viewed from either direction,
Data 1103, 1104, 110 depending on viewing direction
5, that is, a device that prepares data that can only be seen from a specific direction and displays it through the display control device 1102 and the video signal generation device 904. Display control device [
In 1102, data regarding the viewing direction at the time of display is also input. In the example of FIG. 11, for example, when displaying a diagram seen from the front, the front direction is inputted as line-of-sight direction data to the display control device, and in this device, three-dimensional figure data 508 and Three-dimensional figure data 1105 depending on the front direction is passed through, but other data 1103 and 1104 are not passed through. In addition, when displaying a diagram viewed from above, the upward direction is input to the display control device as the line-of-sight direction data, and in this device, three-dimensional figure data 508 independent of the line-of-sight direction and data 508 that are dependent on the upward direction are input to the display control device. The 3D figure data 1104 is passed through, but the other data 1103 and 1105 are not passed through.As a result, the 3D figure data that does not depend on the 5 viewing directions appears on the screen as if it were 3D data. Furthermore, three-dimensional graphic data that depends on the line of sight direction is displayed as if it were two-dimensional graphic data.

A specific method will be explained in relation to FIG. First, the seventh
Among the data formats shown in the figure, only the three-dimensional data format will be used, and the two-dimensional data format will not be used. Furthermore, a new field for display view ID is provided for data in three-dimensional format. In the case of conventional three-dimensional data, the display view column is left blank to mean that it is displayed in all views, and in the case of conventional two-dimensional data, the original display view ID is recorded in the display view column. In the columns where data corresponding to two coordinates is missing, enter appropriate values.

This data is then transferred to the display control device 1102.

When an instruction is given to input and define new shape data, such as a line parallel to an existing line, using the figure displayed in the view 502, which is a three-dimensional view, the system performs three steps.
Generate dimensional graphic data and display this data in view 502
It is also displayed in views 503 to 506 as well as in views 503 to 506.

On the other hand, when an instruction is given to input and define new shape data, such as a line parallel to an existing line, using the figure displayed in the two-dimensional views 503 to 506, In this system, the two
Two-dimensional graphic data associated with the line-of-sight direction of the dimensional view is generated, and this data is displayed only in the two-dimensional view whose line-of-sight direction matches the associated line-of-sight direction. When operating in a two-dimensional view, existing figures include a three-dimensional figure that is displayed in all views and a two-dimensional figure that is exclusive to that view.

Regarding this operation, both shapes are handled in the same way.

That is, both parallel lines of three-dimensional lines and parallel lines of two-dimensional lines are defined as two-dimensional lines as long as they are parallel lines of figures displayed in the two-dimensional view.

When an instruction is given to move a figure displayed in the view 502, which is a three-dimensional view, for example, when an instruction is given to specify two points in a three-dimensional space and to move the direction and distance of a vector between them, The figure specified as a movement target is moved according to the specified vector.

On the other hand, when an instruction is given to move a figure displayed in views 503 to 506, which are two-dimensional views, when an instruction is given to similarly move the direction and distance of a vector between two points. , the figure specified as a movement target is moved only in the direction in which the specified vector is projected onto the screen. That is, it is not moved in the direction perpendicular to the screen. 2 used to indicate movement direction and movement distance
If the points are two-dimensional figures, it is natural that these points do not have coordinate values in the direction perpendicular to the screen, but if the two points are three-dimensional figures, the distance traveled in the direction perpendicular to the screen is Even if it is possible to find , only the same movement is performed.

In this way, operations performed in a 2D view are treated as 2D operations, and operations performed in a 3D view are treated as 3D operations. This is because when using 3D and 2D differently, This is to avoid user confusion and to provide an operating method that suits the designer's sensibilities.

The processing method of this system will be explained using an example of a procedure for designing a very simple robot as shown in FIG.

The design will proceed on the premise that it will proceed in the order shown in Figure 2.

First, as shown in FIG. 13, the user issues an instruction to define an area on the screen where a front view is to be created. This area is a 2-dimensional area that displays 2-dimensional data and 3-dimensional data in an overlapping manner.
It is a dimensional view.

In this system, following the instructions, as shown in Figure 7,
Two-dimensional view data configured by the viewing direction, view size, etc. is created, and a frame is displayed.

The user then performs an operation to create a two-dimensional view seen from the front in the front view area, as shown in FIG. Even if a designer is designing a three-dimensional machine, at first,
Since it is normal to consider things two-dimensionally, the first step in designing is to draw a two-dimensional diagram, so the designer does not just draw the picture, but also considers the size and size. As you proceed with the operation, consider whether the weight is appropriate and whether you can move your legs.

This system has a means for receiving an instruction to draw a two-dimensional line, a means for creating figure data internally according to the instruction, and a means for displaying the data. Data in the format shown in Figure 14 is generated, and as a result, the picture shown in Figure 14 is displayed. Additionally, this system has functions such as weight calculation to assist in various studies. However, these features
It will not be implemented unless sufficient data exists. For example, weight can only be calculated after three-dimensional shape data has been created. Designers do not consider weight only after creating three-dimensional data; they have been considering it in their heads from the beginning, even if only roughly. The weight calculation function of this system was originally intended for use in the latter half of the design process, when more accurate weights were needed.

When the user completes the study using only the front view, the user adds the side view to the study. To this end, as shown in FIG. 15, an instruction is given on the screen to define the area in which the side view will be drawn.

The system generates and displays view data in the same manner as the front view according to instructions. The side view is also a two-dimensional view, similar to the front view.

Next, as shown in FIG. 16, the user gives an instruction to create a guide line for creating a side view.

Since the side view has a correspondence with the front view, this system provides a function to specify a line on the front view and draw a line corresponding to the end point of that line on the side view. The user performs an operation to create a side view using the created guide line. As a result, in this system, the diagram shown in FIG. 17 is displayed on the screen. The shapes of the torso, head, and legs are simple, and for an ordinary designer, there is no need to create and study three-dimensional data, so we only give instructions to create all of them as two-dimensional data. Also,
When the side view is displayed, the guide line is not needed, so the user also performs a deletion operation. At this stage, the system displays front and side views of the main parts, allowing the designer to get a rough idea of the balance of the main parts.

The user then considers proceeding with the examination of the arm part.

As shown in Figure 12, the arm part has a bending structure at the shoulders and elbows, and two-dimensional examination using only front and side views is insufficient, so we finally examine it in three dimensions. Operate on the premise that it will become . In order to quantitatively understand the shape of the arm in terms of angle and dimensions, it is appropriate to use a diagram viewed from the direction perpendicular to the arm, which is easiest to understand. In technical drawing, the direction of the line of sight is shown by drawing it in the shape of an arrow, so a diagram created for this purpose and viewed from a direction that is easy to grasp is called an arrow view. If drawing by hand, use a ruler,
Normally, the drawing is drawn in a position that corresponds to the original drawing, but in this system, the basic display method is the same as when drawing by hand, but similar drawings are drawn in the same position by internally calculating the direction. We have a method that allows you to draw in such positions.

FIG. 18 shows a method of instructing the creation of three-dimensional data of the shoulder area, which is performed in preparation for creating three-dimensional data of the arm. The user first selects an instruction to create three-dimensional data, and selects two-dimensional line segments 1801 to 1804 displayed on the screen as parameters, then line segment 1.
When 805 is specified, this system creates three-dimensional line segment data that looks like line segments 1801 to 1804 when viewed from the side and overlaps line segment 1805 when viewed from the front. That is, three-dimensional data of four line segments is created. Furthermore, the front view and side view views are two-dimensional views, and two-dimensional data and three-dimensional data are displayed superimposed, so in addition to existing two-dimensional data, newly created three-dimensional data
Dimensional data is also displayed in the same view. However, since this line segment overlaps with line segments 1801 to 18o5 on the display, the state of the screen does not change visually.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the result of creating an arrow view viewed from an angle that best represents the characteristics of the arm in order to design the arm. Since arm data does not yet exist, the angle of the part to which the arm is attached, that is, the shoulder, was substituted for specifying the angle. After instructing the operation of creating an arrow view, the user specifies the shoulder line 1805 of the front view as a parameter, and then specifies the diagonal line 2 as the frame of the new view.
Indicate points 1901 and 1902.

In accordance with this instruction, this system generates view data for the arrow view and displays the view shown in FIG. 19. The view for the arrow view is the user's image, and the system is no different from other views except for the method of specifying the viewing direction. The view created by this operation is a 2D type view, which combines 2D data and 3D data.
Dimensional data is displayed overlapping. Since this view does not have two-dimensional data exclusive to this view at this point, only the three-dimensional data that was created earlier and that is common to all views is displayed.

Now that the design of the arm is ready, the user gives instructions to create a diagram of the arm. This operation is a two-dimensional figure creation operation that is exactly the same as the operation for front and side views, and as a result, the system displays the diagram shown in FIG. 20. Line segment 2001 is created as a parallel line to line segment 2002.

Line segment 2002 is a figure that displays three-dimensional data, but in this system, in operations using a two-dimensional view, in such a case, line segment 2002 is two-dimensional data, or three-dimensional data is displayed. Regardless of whether the data is 2-dimensional data or not, operations are performed by treating it as two-dimensional data. This is because when a designer studies on a 2D view, whether the data is 3D or 2D, the study is often done as a 2D diagram, so the operation method was adapted to that. .

Once the designer has finished studying the arm using only a view from one direction, he proceeds with the study using a view from a direction perpendicular to that view. This is the same procedure as examining the robot body in the order of front view and side view. Since the first diagram of the arm already exists on the arrow-directed view, we will further create an arrow-directed view of the arrow-directed view and study it on that view. The user instructs to create a view of the arrow view based on the line segment 2101 in FIG. Let's do it.

The user gives an instruction to make the arm three-dimensional in order to understand the relationship between the arm and the main body. Specifically, instructions similar to the three-dimensionalization of the shoulder are possible, and as shown in FIG. 22, the line segment 22
It may also be an instruction to sweep 01 to 2207 between line segments 2208 and 2209.

In this system, if the latter instruction is given, line segment 2
20l to 2207 are copied to the depth positions of line segments 2208 and 2209, and line segment 2
The end points of 201 to 2207 are line segments 2208 and 22
The data of the line segment connecting the cases at the position 09 is created and displayed. In addition, this system also provides a means to simultaneously create data in which surfaces are stretched between the drawn line segments, and solid data in which the area surrounded by those surfaces is filled with entities. At the same time, we also have the means to create them.

Conventionally, many systems have provided functions for processing sweeps. However, these functions only sweep 3D line segment or surface data that has already been defined, and cannot directly sweep 2D data to create 3D figure data. could not. If you already have a drawing drawn on paper and are using it to simply input 3D data of the shape drawn on it, such a function will not cause much trouble, but it is better to decide on the shape while considering it. In this work, only two-dimensional data must be created at first, so the method of converting that data into three-dimensional data and then sweeping it is extremely cumbersome.

After creating the three-dimensional shape data of the arm using this system, when displaying the originally created front view and side view, the 23rd
It will look like the figure. At the initial stage of Figure 18, the arm was not displayed in the front view and side view, but three-dimensional data of the arm was created using the arrow view and the arrow view of the arrow view. , it was displayed.

As stated at the beginning, in this system, in a two-dimensional view, two-dimensional graphic data dedicated to that view and three-dimensional graphic data to be displayed in any view are displayed in an overlapping manner. In other words, at first only the 2D data for the main body existed, so only the main body was displayed, but 3D data for the arm was created along the way, so that was added and displayed. .

Conventional systems cannot display two-dimensional graphic data and three-dimensional graphic data in an overlapping manner in this way. Therefore, when I wanted to create a diagram like this, I had no choice but to draw everything in two dimensions, including the shape of the arms, or to convert all the data, including the body, into three dimensions. By using this system, as in this example, you can create a main body that is easier to create with 2D data than 3D data, and a main body that is easier to create with 3D data than with 2D data. If you have a combination of arms and arms, you can choose an easy method for each.

When the design and study are completed using two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures, the two-dimensional drawings are edited in order to notify the person in charge of manufacturing of the results. In this system,
As a function for this purpose, 2D graphic data is created by projecting the image of the screen displayed in multiple views onto a 2D sheet of paper as it is, with a mixture of 2D and 3D graphics. We provide a means to create .

Such data is in a form that can be handled by conventional two-dimensional systems. Among these means, this system also has a means for deleting double or triple overlapping lines and combining them into a single line.

Furthermore, since this system is intended to support everything from design consideration to drafting, it also includes functions similar to those of conventional two-dimensional systems. Therefore, using this function, it is also possible to manipulate two-dimensional graphic data obtained by projecting a plurality of two-dimensional graphic data and three-dimensional graphic data onto a single two-dimensional graphic to create a drawing.

In addition to the above, this system also includes
In other words, it has various functions suitable for planning and design.

For example, when creating a plan view using the diagram shown in FIG. 23, it becomes easier if there is a correspondence between the plan views as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 16, there is a direct correspondence between a front view and a side view, a front view and a plan view, and a front view and an arrow view. The ability to create correspondence lines between adjacent views has long existed. However, as shown in FIG. 24, there has been no function to create a correspondence line in which the correspondence is a curved line.

This system also provides a function to create corresponding lines for circles or arcs. As shown in FIG. 25, the corresponding lines for a circle or arc include not only straight lines corresponding to the end points but also center lines 2501 and 250 corresponding to the center point.
2. Contour lines 2503 and 2504 corresponding to the tangent lines can also be created (Please note that the dotted lines in the drawing are shown for convenience to aid understanding and do not need to be displayed on the actual screen.) - This system Now, such a correspondence line is created using the following steps.

(1) Find an equation in the three-dimensional space of a straight line that extends the end points of the indicated straight line and the end points, center points, etc. of the indicated circle or arc infinitely in the direction perpendicular to the screen.

(2) Calculate how the straight line represented by the above equation looks in the view where you are instructed to create the corresponding line, and convert it to the equation of the two-dimensional straight line in the two-dimensional coordinate system on the screen. Convert to

(3) Create two-dimensional straight line data expressed by a two-dimensional straight line equation.

(4) Display the created data.

As a means of changing the shape, moving points, lines, planes, etc. is common. In conventional systems, means for selecting a movement target and means for instructing movement direction and movement distance are provided for these operation instructions. However, designers often consider dimensions after movement instead of movement distance. Therefore, in this system, as shown in FIG. 26, a means for selecting the object to be moved and a means for inputting dimensions and dimension values to be satisfied after the movement are provided. In this example, the user selects a movement target using two diagonal points 2601 and 2602, selects a dimension 2603 indicating the movement direction and dimension value before movement, and inputs a dimension value 2604 after movement to determine the movement distance. Calculation (1
50-120). Although the above calculation is a simple calculation, since it is necessary to perform the calculation specifically for the purpose of operation, it is necessary to change the mind from what one was originally thinking, and the thinking is interrupted. The present invention enables smooth operation.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 27, it is also possible to specify and instruct dimensions to be filled later in movement at a location where dimensions are not originally defined. In other words, the part surrounded by a rectangular area with two diagonal points 2701 and 2702 is 2703
This is an instruction method that transforms the distance between 2704 and 2704 to 120 (2705). Furthermore, in such a case, it is also possible to define the dimensions at the same time as the specification.

This system achieves this function by subtracting the current dimension value from the specified dimension value after deformation and moving it by that value using the conventional method.

FIG. 28 shows a state in which the data of the robot's head is defined as a two-dimensional figure based on FIG. 24. At this time, the head data includes the front view, plan view,
Figures drawn in side view and also as parts of the head,
It is defined as a separate part from the body and arms. In this state, consider moving each part. Now, assume that you have specified a head part in the plan view (top left view) and instructed to move it to the lower right. In this case, the system automatically moves the head data in the plan view to the bottom right, and also automatically moves the head displayed in the front view (bottom left view) to the right, and automatically moves the head data displayed in the front view (bottom left view) to the right, (
Move the head displayed in the lower right view to the left. In this system, the view that displays 2D figures is not a simple 2D view, but also displays 3D figures overlappingly, so information about the line of sight direction in 3D space is not memorized. By using this information, although the head data is two-dimensional data, it is possible to automatically move it as if it were three-dimensional. In traditional 2D systems, a 2D figure is simply
Since the image was defined on a dimensional paper, this was not possible, and the plan view, front view, and side view were separated.
It was necessary to specify the direction and distance of movement.

In this system, this process is performed in the following steps.

(1) Determine the movement direction and movement distance in three-dimensional space from the movement instruction.

(2) Move the three-dimensional graphic data according to the movement direction and movement distance.

(3) Move the two-dimensional graphic data by the following distance in a direction that is created when this moving direction is projected onto the screen. The moving distance of a two-dimensional figure is the moving distance in three-dimensional space and cos (
θ).

FIG. 29 shows another method of generating three-dimensional graphic data using two-dimensional graphic data.

The function of three-dimensionalization by linear sweep has been explained using FIG. 22. As a companion function to this function, this system provides a means to define a three-dimensional rotating body by rotating and sweeping a cross-sectional view defined as a two-dimensional figure. That is, the data 2901 to 2904 of the two-dimensional figure displayed in the front view of FIG. This is a means of defining a three-dimensional rotating body by rotating and sweeping around a straight line in the three-dimensional space corresponding to the straight line 2906 in the three-dimensional space.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, it is possible to handle a mixture of two-dimensional graphic data and three-dimensional graphic data in plan design, so the user can select convenient dimensional data (two-dimensional data or three-dimensional data) for operation and consideration. data), thereby eliminating the need for unnecessary work.

Moreover, since various designed operations can be prepared, operability can be improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a diagram of the hardware configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of mechanical design, and Fig. 3 is a diagram of data between systems when three-dimensional consideration is not required. flow diagram,
Figure 4 is a diagram of the data flow between systems when there are few three-dimensional points of consideration, and Figure 5 is a standard screen during design using an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration, and FIG. 6 is a diagram extracted from FIG. 5 for later explanation. FIG. 7 is a diagram of an embodiment of the format of data in a storage device according to the present invention. , FIG. 8 is a diagram of an embodiment of the format of data in the auxiliary storage device according to the present invention,
FIG. 9 shows one embodiment of the output device in the present invention, the first
0 and 11 are diagrams showing other embodiments of the output device according to the present invention, FIG. 12 is a diagram of a design object taken as an example of the operation process, and FIGS. 13 to 23 are Figures 24 and 25, which are diagrams for explaining the operation process, are functional explanatory diagrams of correspondence lines between multiple views, and Figures 26 and 2.
Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram of the function of shape manipulation using dimensions, Figure 28 is an explanatory diagram of the interlocking movement function of two-dimensional figures in different views that are grouped, and Figure 29 is a diagram of the three-dimensional movement of two-dimensional figures by rotation sweep. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a dimensionalization function. 101... Input device, 102... Arithmetic device, 103
...Storage device, 104...Output device, 105...
Auxiliary storage device, 201-205...Design work, 30
1-304...Data used in design, 401-405
...Data used in design, 501-506...View 508...Drum, 509...Light-emitting device, 510-
512...Body case, 514-516...Dimensions, 8
01...Laser beam printer file, 802.
...Drum section file, 803...Drum file, 804...Three-dimensional figure data, 805...Gear file, 806-808...Two-dimensional figure file, 809...Light-emitting device File, 810... Three-dimensional figure file, 81↓... Main body case file, 9
01...3D figure data, 902...Video signal generation device (3D input). 903... Two-dimensional graphic data, 904... Video signal generation device (two-dimensional input), 90
5... Video signal mixing device, 906... Display, 1001... Two-dimensional figure data, 1002... Projection device, 1101... Three-dimensional figure data, 1102...
...Display control device, 1103-1105... Gaze direction dependent figure data, 1801-1805... Two-dimensional straight line data, 1901-1902... Points on screen, 20
01-2002...2-dimensional straight line data, 2101.
...Two-dimensional straight line data. 2102-2103... Points on the screen, 2201-2209... Two-dimensional line data, 2501-2504... Corresponding lines, 2601-26
02... Point on view, 2603... Dimension, 260
4...Dimension value after change, 2701-2702...Point on view, 2703-2704...Line serving as the end of assumed dimension, 2705...Dimension value after change, 2901
~2904...Two-dimensional figure to be rotated, 2905~2
906...Rotation axis.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. means for inputting three-dimensional graphic data; means for inputting two-dimensional graphic data; means for storing the three-dimensional graphic data; and means for storing the two-dimensional graphic data; A two-dimensional three-dimensional integrated CAD system comprising: means for displaying the three-dimensional graphic data and the two-dimensional graphic data in an overlapping manner on the same screen of a display device. 2. For each of the graphical data expressing the shape of the design object, the surface or line data accompanying the shape of the design object and representing the reference or center, and the data representing the dimensions accompanying the shape of the design object, A means for inputting three-dimensional graphic data and two-dimensional graphic data, a means for storing the input data, and a means for inputting the three-dimensional graphic data and two-dimensional graphic data stored in the storage means on the same display device. A two-dimensional three-dimensional integrated CAD system, comprising: means for displaying images in an overlapping manner on a screen; 3. means for inputting three-dimensional graphic data; means for inputting two-dimensional graphic data; first storage means for storing the three-dimensional graphic data; and second storage means for storing the two-dimensional graphic data. and dividing the screen of the display device into two or more areas, and superimposing the three-dimensional graphic data and the two-dimensional graphic data on the two-dimensional view that is the first area of the plurality of divided areas. 2-3 dimensional integration characterized by comprising: means for displaying; and means for displaying only the 3-dimensional figure data in a 3-dimensional view that is a second region of the plurality of divided regions. Mold CAD system. 4. Means for displaying one set of three-dimensional graphic data on all of the single or plurality of said two-dimensional views and said single or plurality of said three-dimensional views; and means for displaying one or more sets of two-dimensional graphic data. , means for displaying the two-dimensional type view different for each group, and the two-dimensional three according to claim 3, further comprising:
Dimensional integrated CAD system. 5. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional integrated type according to claim 4, further comprising: means for prohibiting display of the set of three-dimensional graphic data in a particular or said two-dimensional view. CAD system. 6. Regarding each of graphical data expressing the shape of the design object, surface or line data representing the reference or center associated with the shape of the design object, and data representing dimensions associated with the shape of the design object. , means for inputting one set of three-dimensional figure data and one or more sets of two-dimensional figure data, and means for storing; dividing a screen of a display device into two or more areas; A two-dimensional view, which is a first area in which two-dimensional graphic data and three-dimensional graphic data can be displayed in an overlapping manner;
3, which is the second area that can display only 3D graphic data.
means for displaying the set of three-dimensional figure data on all of the single or plural two-dimensional views and the single or plural three-dimensional views; Group 2
A two-dimensional and three-dimensional integrated CAD system, comprising: means for displaying dimensional graphic data in the two-dimensional view that is different for each set. 7. A claim characterized in that the motion in response to the operation is distinguished depending on whether the area on the screen of the display device in which the operation is instructed is the two-dimensional view or the three-dimensional view. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional integrated CAD system according to items 3 to 6. 8. Means for giving an instruction to newly generate graphic data, and generating two-dimensional graphic data when the instruction by the instruction means is performed using the above, and generating the instruction using the three-dimensional view. 8. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional integrated CAD system according to claim 3, further comprising means for generating three-dimensional graphic data in the case where the two-dimensional and three-dimensional integrated CAD system generates three-dimensional graphic data. 9. means for giving an instruction to manipulate existing graphic data, and when the instruction by the instruction means is performed using the two-dimensional view, the position in the direction perpendicular to the operation screen of the graphic data; and means for changing the position in all directions when the change is made using the three-dimensional view without changing the position in the three-dimensional view. The described two-dimensional three-dimensional integrated CAD system. 10. Means for issuing an instruction to newly generate graphical data using one or more of the two-dimensional views, and when the instruction is performed using one of the two-dimensional views, 9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising: means for generating a two-dimensional figure, and generating three-dimensional figure data when a plurality of the two-dimensional views are used. 2D and 3D integrated CAD system. 11. Means for issuing instructions for manipulating existing graphical data using one or more of the two-dimensional views, and when the instructions are issued using one of the two-dimensional views, Means for not changing the position in a direction perpendicular to the operation screen of the graphic data, but changing the position in all directions when a plurality of the two-dimensional views are used. A two-dimensional three-dimensional integrated CAD system according to claim 9. 12. A two-dimensional view, which is an area in which the screen of a display device is divided into a plurality of areas, and two-dimensional graphic data of the divided areas can be displayed in an overlapping manner; A three-dimensional view is another area that can display only dimensional figure data, and a two-dimensional view is projected onto the two-dimensional view based on the data of the three-dimensional figure displayed in the two-dimensional view. means for generating data of a dimensional figure;
A two-dimensional three-dimensional integrated CAD system, comprising means for mixing data of a dimensional figure and data of a two-dimensional figure separately displayed in the two-dimensional view. 13. A two-dimensional view, which is an area in which the screen of a display device is divided into a plurality of areas, and two-dimensional graphic data and three-dimensional graphic data can be displayed in an overlapping manner, and a three-dimensional view. 3, which is another area where only graphical data can be displayed.
a dimensional view; means for defining a dimension representing a distance or angle in the two-dimensional view; means for defining a dimension representing a distance or angle in the three-dimensional view; and figures at both ends of the dimension. means for projecting the distance or angle on the two-dimensional view onto a two-dimensional view and displaying the distance or angle on the view as a dimension value; and A two-dimensional three-dimensional integrated CAD system characterized by having: means for displaying as an image; 14. In a view displaying a diagram of a three-dimensional figure viewed from an arbitrary direction, means for indicating one direction parallel to the screen; A two-dimensional three-dimensional integrated CAD system, comprising: means for creating a view that displays a diagram obtained by rotating a dimensional figure by 90 degrees. 15. A two-dimensional view, which is an area in which the screen of a display device is divided into a plurality of areas, and two-dimensional graphic data and three-dimensional graphic data among the divided areas can be displayed in an overlapping manner;
means for defining two-dimensional figures forming a three-dimensional view which is another area capable of displaying only three-dimensional figure data and belonging to the same figure group in separate two-dimensional views; means for defining a three-dimensional figure to which it belongs; means for selecting a figure group to be moved; means for instructing a movement direction and a movement distance; and moving the three-dimensional figure belonging to the figure group in the specified movement direction. and means for moving a two-dimensional figure belonging to the figure group by the same direction and distance as the movement of the three-dimensional figure in the two-dimensional view in all two-dimensional views. A 2D and 3D integrated CAD system. 16. A two-dimensional view, which is an area in which the screen of a display device is divided into a plurality of areas, and two-dimensional graphic data and three-dimensional graphic data among the divided areas can be displayed in an overlapping manner;
means for defining two-dimensional figures belonging to the same figure group in separate two-dimensional views; and a means for defining two-dimensional figures belonging to the same figure group in separate two-dimensional views; means for defining a three-dimensional figure belonging to the figure group; means for selecting a figure group to be rotated; means for specifying a rotation center and a rotation angle; means for rotating according to a rotation angle; and in all two-dimensional views, rotating a two-dimensional figure belonging to the figure group by the same angle around the same center as the rotation of the three-dimensional figure in the two-dimensional view. A two-dimensional three-dimensional integrated CAD system characterized by having means. 17. In a device that displays a three-dimensional shape, a first input means for inputting shape data independent of the viewing direction; a second input means for inputting shape data dependent on the viewing direction; and the first input. means for storing shape data independent of the line of sight direction input by the second input means; means for storing shape data dependent on the line of sight direction input by the second input means; and shape data independent of the line of sight direction; A two-dimensional three-dimensional integrated CAD system, comprising: means for superimposing and displaying shape data depending on the viewing direction on the same screen of a display device. 18. In a device that displays a three-dimensional shape, a first input means for inputting shape data independent of the viewing direction; a second input means for inputting shape data dependent on the viewing direction; and a second input means for inputting the viewing direction. means for storing shape data independent of the viewing direction input by the first input means; means for storing shape data dependent on the viewing direction input by the second input means; A two-dimensional three-dimensional display device comprising: means for superimposing and displaying shape data independent of the line-of-sight direction and shape data dependent on the line-of-sight direction that depends on a direction that coincides with the input line-of-sight direction; Integrated CAD system.