JPH0280488A - Antistatic agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an antistatic agent which, when added to, e.g., a resin, can give a film or the like excellent in antistatic properties, water resistance, printability, etc., by mixing a specified alkyldiethanolamine with a specified higher alcohol and a specified fatty acid monoglyceride in a specified ratio. CONSTITUTION:An alkyldiethanolamine (A) of formula I [wherein R1 is a mixed alkyl of 14C, 16C and 18C, provided that the amount of 14C alkyls is 30wt.% or below (except 0), the amount of 16C alkyls is 80-10wt.%, the amount of 18C alkyls is 10wt.% or above, and the amount of 16C+18C alkyls is 70wt.% or above) (except 100wt.%)] is mixed with a higher alcohol (B) of formula II (wherein R2 is a 12-20C alkyl) and a fatty acid monoglyceride (C) in which the number of the carbon atoms of the alkyl of the fatty acid moiety is 13 or 15) in an A:B:C weight ratio of 5:5:90-30:20:50.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to antistatic agents.

[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention] In recent years, synthetic resins have been widely used in various fields as films, sheets, fibers, etc. Although these synthetic resin products have excellent insulation properties, they are susceptible to static electricity. It is easy to generate electricity and become charged, and there is a disadvantage that dirt easily adheres to films, sheets, etc., and fibers have the problem that spinning becomes difficult due to the generation of static electricity.Furthermore, synthetic fiber clothing, etc. When wearing synthetic resin products, there are problems such as static electricity being charged to the human body and unpleasant shocks caused by the static electricity, and serious problems such as fires, explosions, and other disasters caused by the discharge of static electricity charged in synthetic resin products. For this reason, various antistatic agents for synthetic resins have been studied in the past, and it is known that, for example, alkyl jetanolamines, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters, etc., or mixtures thereof have antistatic effects. However, although conventional antistatic agents can achieve low surface resistance and low coefficient of friction, films, sheets, etc. to which antistatic agents are added in sufficient amounts to fully demonstrate their effects may have a poor surface printability. There was also the problem that the adhesion of the printing ink deteriorated.

[Means to solve the problem]

As a result of intensive research in order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that an electrostatic charge containing alkyl jetanolamine containing alkyl groups having 14.16 and 18 carbon atoms in a specific proportion and a higher alcohol in a specific proportion. We discovered that the antistatic agent had a low frictional charging voltage and excellent water resistance, and filed an application for this antistatic agent earlier, but as a result of further intensive research, we found that the alkyl group with a carbon number of 14.16 and 1 day In addition to the alkylgetanolamine and higher alcohol contained in a specific ratio, the alkyl group in the fatty acid moiety has 13 or 1 carbon atoms.
Adding fatty acid monoglyceride which is any of 5.
In addition, a composition containing these in a specific ratio has antistatic properties for about two weeks immediately after molding without impairing processability, and has excellent antistatic properties and water resistance after two weeks of molding. The present invention was completed based on the discovery that the present invention exhibits the same properties.

That is, the present invention is based on the following formula, (where R3 represents an alkyl group having 14.16.18 carbon atoms, 30% by weight or less (however, O is excluded) of an alkyl group having 14 carbon atoms, and an alkyl group having 16 carbon atoms. 80 to 10% by weight, 10% by weight or more of alkyl groups having 18 carbon atoms, and 1 carbon number
The total amount of alkyl groups 6 and 18 is 70% by weight or more (however, 1
00% by weight). ), a higher alcohol represented by the formula -C, R,OH (2) (where R2 is any alkyl group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms), and an alkyl group of the fatty acid moiety. The weight ratio of fatty acid monoglyceride having either 13 or 15 carbon atoms is argyl jetanolamine: higher alcohol: fatty acid monoglycerite = 5:5.
The gist of the invention is an antistatic agent characterized by containing the antistatic agent in a ratio of: 90 to 30: 20: 50.

In the present invention, the alkyl group R1 in the alkyl jetanolamine represented by the above formula (1) has 14 carbon atoms.
Must be a mixture of 16 and 18 alkyl groups,
Moreover, the alkyl group R1 is an alkyl group having 14 carbon atoms.
Weight% or less (excluding O), 80-10% by weight of alkyl groups with 16 carbon atoms, 10% by weight of alkyl groups with 18 carbon atoms
Above, and the alkyl groups having 16 and 18 carbon atoms are 7 in total.
It must be contained in a proportion of 0% by weight or more (excluding 100 Chukei 1), and in particular, it must be contained in a proportion of 5 to 2 alkyl groups having 14 carbon atoms.
0% by weight, 15 to 60% by weight of an alkyl group having 16 carbon atoms,
The proportion of the alkyl group having 18 carbon atoms is preferably 30 to 75% by weight. If the proportion of the alkyl group having 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group R is 0ffiffi%, it becomes impossible to lower the surface resistance value and the friction M4fF voltage, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, the friction coefficient increases, and at the same time Frictional charging voltage is also high and water resistance is also reduced. Furthermore, when the proportion of Al:1-l groups having 16 carbon atoms exceeds 80% by weight, the friction coefficient increases and the frictional charging voltage also increases.
If it is less than that, the surface resistance value becomes high and the frictional charging voltage also becomes high. Furthermore, if the proportion of the alkyl group having 18 carbon atoms is less than 10% by weight, the coefficient of friction will increase, and at the same time, the frictional charging voltage will also increase, and the water resistance will also decrease. In addition, the total of the alkyl groups having 16 carbon atoms and 18 carbon atoms in the above alkyl group R is 7.
It must be 0 weight 1% or more, preferably 80 weight % or more (excluding 100 weight %), and if it is less than 70 weight 1%, ¥1! The coefficient of friction reaches its upper limit, and at the same time, the frictional charging voltage also increases and the water resistance decreases.

Further, in the present invention, the higher alcohol represented by the above formula (2) is an alcohol having an alkyl group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms. By using an alcohol in which the alkyl group has 12 to 20 carbon atoms as the higher alcohol, tribostatic antistatic properties and water resistance can be further improved.
Preferably. The above-mentioned higher alcohol may contain an impurity amount of alkyl groups having different carbon numbers, such as products supplied industrially. The purity of the higher alcohol is preferably one containing 90% by weight or more, particularly 95% by weight or more as a higher alcohol having any of the Al groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms.

In the present invention, the alkyl group of the fatty acid moiety of the fatty acid monoglyceride used together with the alkyl jetanolamine and higher alcohol has 13 or 15 carbon atoms.
It must be one of the following alkyl groups. A mixture of 13 and 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group of the fatty acid moiety of the monoglyceride is undesirable because printability deteriorates. It is preferable to use an alkyl group in the fatty acid moiety of the fatty acid monoglyceride with a carbon number of 15, as it improves printability by a factor of 1 (a).These fatty acid monoglycerides are commercially available, but include some diglycerides and triglycerides. These may be included as long as they do not impede the purpose of the present invention.

The antistatic agent of the present invention includes the above alkyl jetanolamine,
The weight ratio of higher alcohol and fatty acid monoglyceride is alkyl jetanolamine; higher alcohol: fatty acid monoglyceride = 55 = 90 to 30:20:50;
Particularly preferably 10:10:80 to 20:2. O:6
It is necessary to contain it at a ratio of 0. If the weight ratio of the alkyl jetanolamine is less than 5, the antistatic property will be lowered, and the effect particularly during two weeks after molding will be significantly lower, and processing will also be hindered. If the weight ratio exceeds 20, contrary to the case where it is less than 5, the antistatic effect for two weeks after molding becomes too high, resulting in poor ink fixation during printing, resulting in poor print suitability. If the weight ratio of the higher alcohol is less than 5, the antistatic effect for two weeks after molding will be too low, and the frictional charging voltage will not be reduced even after 30 days, and the water resistance will not be sufficient. Furthermore, if the weight ratio of the higher alcohol exceeds 20, it tends to bleed, staining the surface, and impairing printability. Furthermore, if the weight ratio of fatty acid monoglyceride is less than 50, the level of antistatic effect will be low and the original purpose of antistatic effect cannot be achieved; if it exceeds 90, the antistatic effect will not be effective for two weeks after molding. If there is a shortage, a problem arises in that dust and the like are attached due to charging.

The antistatic agent of the present invention may further contain various additives such as an antiblocking agent, an antioxidant, and a lubricant, if necessary, within a range that does not impede the object of the present invention.

The antistatic agent of the present invention includes films made of various synthetic resins,
It can be used as an antistatic agent for sheets, plates, fibers, etc., and is particularly suitable as an antistatic agent for polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. In addition, the antistatic agent of the present invention can be used to form a film after being kneaded into the resin.
Antistatic treatment can be performed by forming the material into a sheet, plate, fiber, etc., or by treating the surface of the film, sheet, plate, fiber, etc. after forming the material into a sheet, plate, fiber, etc.

〔Example〕

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Examples 1 to 12, Comparative Examples 1 to 5 The antistatic agent shown in Table 1 was added to the resin shown in Table 2 in the amount shown in Table 2, and after melt-kneading, extrusion method A sheet with a thickness of 1 mm was obtained. One day and 15 days after manufacturing this sheet, the surface specific resistance value, frictional charging voltage,
Printability was measured, and 30 days after production, surface resistivity and frictional charging voltage were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

In addition, each sheet was tested for antistatic ability and water resistance 30 days after production. Water resistance was determined by washing 5 times according to the following method, and was shown by l and Fj friction voltage after the 5 washing tests. The results are also shown in Table 2.

Test method: Immerse each sheet or plate in an aqueous solution of 0.165% nonionic detergent (polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether) for 1 minute, then immerse in running water for 3 minutes, pull out, and dry naturally. After that, the frictional charging voltage after being left for 24 hours under the condition of 40% RH (20° C.) to adjust the humidity was defined as the frictional charging voltage after washing once. This cleaning-humidity conditioning-frictional charging voltage measurement was repeated four more times for each sample, and the water resistance was evaluated based on the change in the frictional charging voltage after a total of five washings.

Examples 13-20, Comparative Examples 6-8 The antistatic agents shown in Table 1 were added to polypropylene in the amounts shown in Table 3, melted and kneaded in an extruder, and then injection molded into large pieces. A plate with a length of 100 mm x 60 mm and a thickness of 5M was obtained. For each plate obtained, the surface specific resistance value, Pj M (
The +F lightning voltage and printing suitability were measured, and after 30 days, the surface specific resistance value and If friction voltage were measured. The results are shown in Table 3. Moreover, the antistatic ability and water resistance of each plate 30 days after manufacture were tested in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 12 above. The results are also shown in Table 3.

*1 Surface resistivity value was measured according to JIS K 6911. The measurement conditions are 20°C-60%RH.

*2 Frictional charging voltage was measured according to JIS L 1094.

*3 The friction coefficient was measured according to ASTM D 1894.

*4 Printability is 1 from the formed sheet or plate.
A test piece of 50 mm x 150 mrrl was cut out, and indigo ink (SS-PI'NK-391: SS-PI'NK-391:
manufactured by Toyo Ink] and after drying, the coating film is 10 mm in length and width.
Make vertical and horizontal incision lines so that there are 100 squares with sides of X 10 mm, then paste adhesive tape on the top surface, and when it is applied to V, +1, how many of the 100 squares remain without peeling? Judgment was made based on the following criteria.

○...The number of remaining squares is 98 or more x...The number of remaining squares is 97 or less .16.Alkylgetanolamine containing 18 alkyl groups in a specific proportion, a higher alcohol whose alkyl group is any one of 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and a fatty acid moiety whose alkyl group has 13 carbon atoms. or ] 5, and by containing these in a specific proportion, the resin treated with the antistatic agent of the present invention has a surface resistivity value that is higher than that using conventional antistatic agents. In addition to showing a +3 value, the frictional charging voltage is low, and even when subjected to friction, the film, sheet, plate, etc. that contains this antistatic agent has a low frictional charging voltage, and the surface of the film, sheet, plate, etc. In addition, the antistatic agent of the present invention has excellent water resistance and antistatic ability. It is an antistatic agent that has effects such as very little deterioration, and has excellent antistatic ability, water resistance, printability, etc. of antistatic ability.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The following general formula, ▲Mathematical formula, chemical formula, table, etc.▼(1) (However, R_1 represents a mixed alkyl group having 14, 16, or 18 carbon atoms, and 30% by weight of an alkyl group having 14 carbon atoms. The following (excluding 0): 80 to 10% by weight of alkyl groups having 16 carbon atoms, 10% by weight or more of alkyl groups having 18 carbon atoms, and a total of 70% by weight or more of alkyl groups having 16 and 18 carbon atoms (
However, 100% by weight is excluded). ), a higher alcohol represented by the general formula R_2OH(2) (where R_2 is an alkyl group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms), and an alkyl diethanolamine represented by The weight ratio of alkyldiethanolamine:higher alcohol:fatty acid monoglyceride=5:5:
An antistatic agent characterized in that it is contained in a ratio of 90 to 30:20:50.