JPH0277701A - Method and apparatus for producing reflecting mirror - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for producing reflecting mirrorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0277701A JPH0277701A JP23028188A JP23028188A JPH0277701A JP H0277701 A JPH0277701 A JP H0277701A JP 23028188 A JP23028188 A JP 23028188A JP 23028188 A JP23028188 A JP 23028188A JP H0277701 A JPH0277701 A JP H0277701A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- flat plate
- mirror
- aluminum
- nickel plating
- electroless nickel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- KPVWDKBJLIDKEP-UHFFFAOYSA-L dihydroxy(dioxo)chromium;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KPVWDKBJLIDKEP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000006108 Allium ampeloprasum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005254 Allium ampeloprasum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は反射鏡の製造方法及びその装置に関するもの
である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a reflecting mirror and an apparatus therefor.
周知のように２半導体デバイスの開発・製造の進歩に伴
って、今日家電製品から産業機器に至るまで小型化、
ｉＩ量化、高速化、高密度化、高信頼化、低価格の要請
はまずます強（なり、技術革新が展開されている。As is well known, with advances in the development and manufacturing of semiconductor devices, everything from home appliances to industrial equipment is becoming smaller and smaller.
Demands for iI quantification, higher speed, higher density, higher reliability, and lower cost are becoming increasingly strong, and technological innovation is being developed.
これらの動向の中で最近注目されているのがオフトエレ
クトロニクスである。オフ１−エレク１〜ロニクスとは
、電気工学と光学工学とを融合した技術であり、中心と
なる技術はレー°ザ工学である。Among these trends, off-to-electronics has recently attracted attention. OFF1-ELECTRONICS is a technology that combines electrical engineering and optical engineering, and the core technology is laser engineering.
この技術に使用される製品として集光したエネルギーを
発生させるために種々の反射鏡が必要となる。The products used in this technology require various reflectors to generate concentrated energy.
従来の反射鏡を製造する方法として、（ア）反円弧状の
石英系のガラスを研摩し、その上に銀を蒸着する方法、
（イ）所要の粗さに仕上げた反円弧状の銅製の台座上に
所要の脱ｎｖ後、所要の厚みの電解、また無電解ニッケ
ルめっき後、所要の粗さに仕上げ、ついで所要の厚みの
電解また無電解金めっきを行って所要の粗さに仕上げる
という方法を行っていた。Conventional methods for manufacturing reflective mirrors include (a) polishing anti-arc-shaped quartz-based glass and depositing silver thereon;
(a) After the required nv removal, electrolytic nickel plating to the required thickness, and electroless nickel plating, finish to the required roughness, then apply the required thickness to the anti-arc-shaped copper pedestal finished to the required roughness. The method used was to perform electrolytic or electroless gold plating to achieve the required roughness.
上記のような従来の反射鏡の製造方法では２次に述べる
ような課題が挙げられる。The conventional method for manufacturing a reflecting mirror as described above has the following problems.
即ち、上記（ア）の方法によれば、ガラスからなる物品
表面を研摩するのに労力と時間を要し、又ガラス表面に
蒸着した銀の密着性が悪く使用中に銀が剥がれ易く、ま
た使用中に銀が変色するので実用に供することができな
い。That is, according to the method (a) above, it takes effort and time to polish the surface of an article made of glass, and the adhesion of silver deposited on the glass surface is poor and the silver easily peels off during use. Since the silver changes color during use, it cannot be put to practical use.
上記（イ）の方法によれば、銅又は銅合金から成る物品
の表面を所要の粗さに仕上げた後、所要厚みの電解・無
電解ニッケルめっきを行い、ついで所要厚みの電解・無
電解金めっきを行うのであるが、各々のめっき後に所要
粗さに仕上げるという労力と時間とを必要とする。しか
も型皿的にも重い。また、使用中、上記ニッケルめっき
及び金めつきに存在するピン・ホー／Ｌから腐食が発生
し。According to the method (a) above, after finishing the surface of an article made of copper or copper alloy to the required roughness, electrolytic/electroless nickel plating is performed to the required thickness, and then electrolytic/electroless nickel plating is performed to the required thickness. Although plating is performed, it requires labor and time to finish each plating to the required roughness. Moreover, the mold plate is also heavy. Additionally, during use, corrosion occurs from the pin holes/L present in the nickel plating and gold plating.
実用に供することがてきないという課題があった。The problem was that it could not be put to practical use.
この発明は上記した課題を解決するためになされたもの
であり、その目的は比較的簡便な方法によす、優れた反
射鏡を有する反射鏡の製造方法及びその装置を提供する
にある。The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a method and apparatus for manufacturing a reflecting mirror having an excellent reflecting mirror using a relatively simple method.
この発明に係る反射鏡の製造方法及びその装置は、鋭意
検討を重ねた結果、所要厚み・大きさのアルミニウム又
はアルミニウム合金製の平板を所要の脱脂を行い、クロ
ム酸−硫酸の混合水溶液で所要時間洗浄を行った後、上
記平板と、接着剤と。As a result of extensive research, the method and apparatus for manufacturing a reflecting mirror according to the present invention have been developed by degreasing a flat plate made of aluminum or aluminum alloy with a required thickness and size, and using a mixed aqueous solution of chromic acid and sulfuric acid to remove the required amount of fat. After washing for an hour, remove the above flat plate and the adhesive.
炭素系、又はホウ素系、又はケイ素の繊維強化型プラス
チックスと、半円弧状の治工具とで積層・加熱・加圧・
硬化させた後、所要の大きさに切断し、上記積層した平
板を所要の面粗さに鏡面仕上げを行い、無電解ニッケル
めっきを施し、ついで上記無電解ニッケルめっきを所要
の温度で熱処理を行った後、」１記無電解ニッケルめっ
きの表面を所定の面粗さに鏡面仕上げを行って、上記鏡
面に仕上げた平板表面に電解又は無電解金めっきを形成
する乙とで上記目的が達成できることを見出し。Carbon-based, boron-based, or silicon fiber-reinforced plastics are laminated, heated, pressurized, and
After curing, it is cut to the required size, the laminated flat plates are mirror-finished to the required surface roughness, electroless nickel plating is applied, and then the electroless nickel plating is heat treated at the required temperature. After that, the above objective can be achieved by performing mirror finishing on the surface of the electroless nickel plating described in item 1 to a predetermined surface roughness, and forming electrolytic or electroless gold plating on the mirror-finished flat plate surface. Headline.
本発明を完成するに到った。The present invention has now been completed.
この発明においては２ｗＡ維強化型複合材を接着により
積層・加熱・加圧・硬化させるので、その分電量は軽く
なり軽量化することができる。In this invention, the 2wA fiber-reinforced composite material is laminated, heated, pressurized, and cured by adhesion, so that the amount of electricity distributed is small and the weight can be reduced.
この発明においては鏡面に仕上げたアルミニウム又はア
ルミニウム合金製の平板に所要厚みの無電解ニッケルめ
っき後所要の温度で熱処理を行った後、上記無電解ニッ
ケルめっきの表面を所定の而粗さに鏡面仕上げを行って
、上記鏡面に仕上げた平板表面に電解又は無電解金めっ
きを形成しているので鏡面を損なうことがな−い。In this invention, a flat plate made of mirror-finished aluminum or aluminum alloy is plated with electroless nickel to a required thickness and then heat-treated at a required temperature, and then the surface of the electroless nickel plating is finished to a mirror-like finish with a predetermined roughness. Since electrolytic or electroless gold plating is formed on the mirror-finished flat plate surface, the mirror surface is not damaged.
以下に実施例を掲げ、この発明を更に詳しく説明する。 The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples below.
第１図（ａ）はこの発明による反射鏡の一実施例を示す
ものであり、同図（ｂｌは同図（ａ）のＡ−Ａ’面の断
面を示すものである。FIG. 1(a) shows an embodiment of a reflecting mirror according to the present invention, and bl shows a cross section taken along the line AA' in FIG. 1(a).
図において、（Ｉ）はアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合
金製の平板、（２）は接着剤、（３）は繊維強化型複合
材、（４）は無電解ニッケルめっき層、（５）は金めつ
き層、（６）は反射鏡である。In the figure, (I) is a flat plate made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, (2) is an adhesive, (3) is a fiber reinforced composite material, (4) is an electroless nickel plating layer, and (5) is a gold plating layer. , (6) is a reflecting mirror.
なおととでアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金製の平板
Ｃ１ｌを用いて反射鏡の製造工程を第２図を用いて説明
する。The manufacturing process of a reflecting mirror using a flat plate C1l made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy will now be described with reference to FIG.
アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金製の平板（１）を脱
脂し、ついでクロム酸−硫酸の混合水溶液で洗浄を行っ
た後、平板（１）と、接着剤（２）と、繊維強化型複合
材（３）と、第３図に示した半円弧状の突起を有する治
工具（７）とを積層し所要の温度と圧力とで加熱・加圧
・硬化させる。かかる装置には第４図に示したヒート・
プレス装置を用いろとよい。After degreasing the aluminum or aluminum alloy flat plate (1) and washing it with a mixed aqueous solution of chromic acid and sulfuric acid, the flat plate (1), adhesive (2), and fiber-reinforced composite material (3) are prepared. and a jig (7) having semicircular arc-shaped protrusions shown in FIG. 3 are laminated and heated, pressurized, and hardened at the required temperature and pressure. Such equipment has a heat
It is better to use a press device.
繊維強化型複合材（３）で積層・硬化さした平板（１）
を所要大きさに切断した後、上記平板の表面を研摩など
の手段によって鏡面に仕−にげ、鏡面に仕上げた表面を
損なわないように洗浄・亜鉛置換処理後、所要厚みの無
電解ニッケＡめっき層（４）を施し。Flat plate (1) laminated and hardened with fiber-reinforced composite material (3)
After cutting the flat plate to the required size, the surface of the flat plate is polished to a mirror finish, and after cleaning and zinc substitution treatment so as not to damage the mirror finished surface, the electroless nickel A is cut into the required thickness. Apply plating layer (4).
ついで所要の温度て熱処理を行い、ついで無電解ニラ）
１ルめっき層（４）表面を研摩等の手段により鏡面に仕
上げ、その後電解めっき層（５）を行うのである。Then, heat treatment is performed at the required temperature, and then electroless leek)
The surface of the single-layer plating layer (4) is polished to a mirror finish, and then the electrolytic plating layer (5) is applied.
第４図は上記アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金から成
る平板（１）を脱脂し、ついでクロム酸−硫酸の混合水
溶液で洗浄を行った後２平板（１）と、接着剤（２）と
、繊維強化型複合材（３）と、第３図に示した反円弧状
の突起を有する治工具（７）とを積層後。Figure 4 shows the flat plate (1) made of aluminum or aluminum alloy degreased and then washed with a mixed aqueous solution of chromic acid and sulfuric acid. After laminating the composite material (3) and the jig (7) having anti-arc-shaped protrusions shown in FIG.
物品の設置場所（１３）に設置し、制御盤（１２）の温
度計（１ｏ−１）； （１０−２１及び圧力計（１１）
を見ながら熱板（８−１）、 （８−２）を支柱（９−
１）、 （９−２）に沿って上昇させて加熱・加圧・硬
化させるためヒート・プレス装置で、この発明における
反射鏡の製造装置の一実施例である。Install the temperature gauge (1o-1) on the control panel (12) at the article installation location (13); (10-21 and pressure gauge (11))
While watching the hot plates (8-1) and (8-2)
1) and (9-2) to heat, pressurize, and harden the mirror by raising the mirror along the lines 1) and (9-2).
以上の説明から明らかなように１本発明の反射鏡の製造
方法及びその装置によれば、繊維強化型複合材を接着剤
により加熱・加圧・硬化させているのでその分乗量は軽
くなり、軽量化している。As is clear from the above description, according to the method and apparatus for manufacturing a reflecting mirror of the present invention, the fiber-reinforced composite material is heated, pressurized, and cured using an adhesive, so the multiplier is reduced accordingly. It is lighter.
また２本発明は将来のオプトエレクＩ・ロニクス化に対
応することが可能であり、有望視されている反射鏡の製
造方法及びその装置に適用が可能である。In addition, the present invention can be adapted to future opto-electronics, and can be applied to a method and apparatus for manufacturing a reflecting mirror, which are considered promising.
第１図（ａ）はこの発明による反射鏡の一実施例を示す
図、第１図（ｂ）は第１図（ａ）のＡ−Ａ’面の断面を
示す図、第２図は反射鏡の製造工程を示す図、第３図は
反円弧状の突起を有する治工具を示す図、第４図はこの
発明における反射鏡の製造装置の一実施例を示す図であ
る。図中（１）はアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金製
の平ｉ、（２１＋ｌＪ着剤、（３）は繊維複合材、（４
）は無電解ニッケルめっきＭ、（５））は金めつき層、
（６）は反射鏡、（７）は反円弧状の突起を有する治工
具、 （８−１）、 （８，−２）は熱板。
（９−１）、 （９−２）は支柱、 （１０−１）、
（１０−２）は温度計。
（１１）は圧力計、 （１２）は制御盤、 （１：（）
は物品の設置場所である。
なお２図中同一あるいは相当部分には同一符号を付して
示しである。FIG. 1(a) is a diagram showing an embodiment of a reflecting mirror according to the present invention, FIG. 1(b) is a diagram showing a cross section taken along the plane A-A' in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a mirror manufacturing process, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a jig and tool having an anti-circular projection, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a reflecting mirror manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, (1) is a flat plate made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, (21+1J adhesive), (3) is a fiber composite material, (4
) is electroless nickel plating M, (5)) is gold plating layer,
(6) is a reflecting mirror, (7) is a jig with anti-arc shaped protrusions, (8-1) and (8,-2) are hot plates. (9-1), (9-2) are pillars, (10-1),
(10-2) is a thermometer. (11) is a pressure gauge, (12) is a control panel, (1: ()
is the location where the item is installed. Note that the same or corresponding parts in the two figures are designated by the same reference numerals.
Claims (2)
ウム合金製の平板に所要の脱脂を行い、クロム酸−硫酸
の混合水溶液で所要時間洗浄を行った後、上記平板と、
接着剤と、炭素系、又はホウ素系、又はケイ素の繊維強
化型プラスチックと、半円弧状の治工具とで積層・加熱
・加圧・硬化させた後、上記積層した平板を所要の大き
さに切断、ついで所要の面粗さに鏡面仕上げを行い、所
定の前処理、亜鉛置換処理、所要厚みの無電解ニッケル
めっきを施し、ついで上記無電解ニッケルめっきを所要
の温度で熱処理を行った後、上記無電解ニッケルめっき
の表面を所定の面粗さに鏡面仕上げを行って、上記鏡面
に仕上げた平板表面に電解又は無電解の金めっきを形成
することを特徴とする反射鏡の製造方法。(1) After degreasing an aluminum or aluminum alloy flat plate of the required thickness and size and cleaning it with a mixed aqueous solution of chromic acid and sulfuric acid for the required time, the flat plate and
After laminating, heating, pressurizing, and curing adhesive, carbon-based, boron-based, or silicon fiber-reinforced plastic and semicircular arc-shaped jigs, the laminated flat plates are cut into the required size. After cutting, mirror finishing to the required surface roughness, pre-treatment, zinc substitution treatment, electroless nickel plating to the required thickness, and heat treatment of the electroless nickel plating at the required temperature, A method for manufacturing a reflecting mirror, comprising mirror-finishing the surface of the electroless nickel plating to a predetermined surface roughness, and forming electrolytic or electroless gold plating on the mirror-finished flat plate surface.
の突起を有する治工具と、上記所要厚み大きさのアルミ
ニウム又はアルミニウム合金製からなる平板と、炭素系
、又はホウ素系、又はケイ素系の繊維強化型プラスチッ
クスと、接着とを加熱・加圧・硬化させる熱板と、温度
制御盤とで構成したことを特徴とする反射鏡の製造装置
。(2) A jig and tool having a semicircular arc-shaped protrusion, a jig and tool having the anti-arc-shaped protrusion, a flat plate made of aluminum or aluminum alloy with the above-mentioned required thickness, and a carbon-based or boron-based or A reflector manufacturing device characterized by comprising a heating plate for heating, pressurizing, and curing silicon-based fiber-reinforced plastic and adhesive, and a temperature control panel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23028188A JPH0277701A (en) | 1988-09-14 | 1988-09-14 | Method and apparatus for producing reflecting mirror |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23028188A JPH0277701A (en) | 1988-09-14 | 1988-09-14 | Method and apparatus for producing reflecting mirror |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0277701A true JPH0277701A (en) | 1990-03-16 |
Family
ID=16905348
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23028188A Pending JPH0277701A (en) | 1988-09-14 | 1988-09-14 | Method and apparatus for producing reflecting mirror |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0277701A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0532090A (en) * | 1990-07-10 | 1993-02-09 | Gemplus Card Internatl Sa | Noncollapsible ic card |
-
1988
- 1988-09-14 JP JP23028188A patent/JPH0277701A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0532090A (en) * | 1990-07-10 | 1993-02-09 | Gemplus Card Internatl Sa | Noncollapsible ic card |
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