JPH0257264B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0257264B2 JPH0257264B2 JP7468483A JP7468483A JPH0257264B2 JP H0257264 B2 JPH0257264 B2 JP H0257264B2 JP 7468483 A JP7468483 A JP 7468483A JP 7468483 A JP7468483 A JP 7468483A JP H0257264 B2 JPH0257264 B2 JP H0257264B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- test piece
- auxiliary tool
- multilayer material
- curved
- holder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000357293 Leptobrama muelleri Species 0.000 description 1
- WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Pb] Chemical compound [Cu].[Pb] WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating
Description
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、少なくとも２層からなり、湾曲した
多層材料、例えば半割円筒形の軸受等の接着強さ
を測定する方法に関し、特に鋼裏金上に施される
Cu、Ni、Znメツキ層、オーバーレイ付軸受上の
Cu、Ni、Znなどのストライクメツキまたはアル
ミニウム合金やケルメツト合金等の層の接着強さ
を測定する方法に関する。
［従来の技術］
平軸受などの接着強さを測定する従来の測定方
法には、ナイフテスト、熱処理ふくれテスト、折
曲げテスト等がある。
これらの従来技術は、次のような欠点があつ
た。
(1) 接着強さを定量的に測定することができな
い。
(2) 接着強さを測定するために、試験片として実
際の製品とは別に特別のいわゆるダミー試験片
を用意する必要がある。
本願の発明者による先願である特願昭57−
63702号（特開昭58−180931号公報）は、従来技
術の上記欠点を除去するため、極めて簡単な手段
によつて正確かつ迅速に多層材料の接着強さを定
量的に測定する方法を開示している。
上記特許願の方法によると、実際の製品から直
接試験片を得ることができ、特別の試験片を用意
する必要はなく、製品自体の接着強さを測定でき
る。
上記特許願の方法は、主として平板状の多層材
料を測定対象としており、多層材料の一方の表面
に特別な鋳型を載置して、多層材料の接着強度を
引張り試験によつて測定するための一方の把持部
となる鋳造構造体を、多層材料の表面と一体に鋳
込み、多層材料または該材料のホルダなどを他方
の把持部として引張り試験を行ない、ダミー試験
片を用意することなく多層材料自体を試験片とし
て正しい接着強度を測定できる。
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
上記特許願の方法において、薄い多層材料や、
湾曲した半円筒状の多層材料の接着強さを測定す
る場合は、予め試験によつて作成した補正曲線に
より実測値を修正している。しかしながら、半割
円筒状の多層材料のように湾曲した材料、特に薄
くて湾曲した多層材料に対しては、測定誤差が大
きい。
そこで、本発明の発明者は、ホルダーに湾曲し
た多層材料を取り付けてこれを一方の把持部と
し、前記湾曲した多層材料の湾曲した内周表面上
にろう材を鋳込んでなる鋳造構造体を他方の把持
部として、実際に両者を引張り、その状況を詳細
に観察をし、湾曲した多層材料にたわみが発生す
る原因を究明することができた。すなわち、両者
を引張ると前記湾曲した多層材料の両端部のみ
（部分的）に力がかかるので、前記湾曲した多層
材料は、たわもうとする。たわむ原因を究明する
ことができた発明者は、湾曲した多層材料の湾曲
した内周表面全体（円弧内周面全体）に力を支え
る手段を設けて、たわむことを防ぐことにより、
たわむことを防止しうると考えた。
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、上記たわみ
の発生を防ぐための手段を施すことである。そし
て、このたわみをなくすことにより、測定誤差を
小さく、又は無くすことを目的とする。
［課題を解決するための手段］
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、湾曲した
多層材料の試験片の半径方向の一方の表面の部分
に鋳型を載置して該鋳型にろう材を鋳込み、該表
面の部分に一体に接続されていて該表面に対して
ほぼ垂直に立ち上がる第１の円柱部分と、該円柱
部分の基端から次第に径が拡大して立ち上がる傾
斜部分と、該傾斜部分の基端から立ち上がる第２
の円柱部分とから成る鋳造構造体を、該多層材料
の前記一方の表面に一体に鋳着させる段階と、前
記鋳造構造体が通過可能な貫通孔を有し、半径方
向外表面が該試験片の半径方向内表面と同一の曲
率を有する補助具を該鋳造構造体の該貫通孔を通
して試験片の該内表面上に載置する段階と、前記
のごとく該試験片内表面に鋳着された鋳造構造体
と該補助具とを引張試験用ホルダ内に収容して該
第２の円柱部分を該ホルダの一方側外方に突出さ
せる段階と、該第２の円柱部分を一方の把持部と
し、該ホルダの他方側を他方の把持部として、該
多層材料に対し鉛直方向に引張力を負荷し、該試
験片の内側曲面と該ホルダの内側面との間に密接
係合して介在する該補助具によつて該試験片の引
張応力による変形を低減して引張り強さを測定す
る段階とを含む湾曲した多層材料の接着強さ測定
方法を提供する。
［作用］
湾曲した多層材料の湾曲した内周表面に一定体
積のろう材製鋳造構造体を鋳造手段で取り付け
る。鋳型は、傾斜形状等特別な形状をしているの
で、ろう材の湯流れがよい。又傾斜形状であるか
ら前記試験片の湾曲した内周面につかえないなど
の作用効果がある。しかる後、前記鋳造構造体を
一方の把持部とし、前記湾曲した多層材料（ホル
ダー付）を他方の把持部として、両者を互いに引
つ張ると前記湾曲した多層材料の両端部のみに力
がかかるので、前記湾曲した多層材料は、たわも
うとする。しかし、湾曲した多層材料の湾曲した
内周表面に、その曲面に合う補助具が備えられて
いるので、この補助具の支えにより、たわもうと
する力を防ぐ。
［実施例］
第１図から第１４図を参照して、本発明を実施
例により説明する。
第２図を参照すると、鋼裏金層２１、銅鉛合金
層２２、Niメツキ層２３、鉛合金表面層２４の
４層からなる湾曲した試験片２６が、鋳造構造体
１１を取付けた状態が示されている。鋳造構造体
１１は表面層２４に接続されていてほぼ垂直に立
ち上がる第１の円柱部分P1と、この円柱部分P1
の上端から次第に径が拡大して立ち上がる傾斜部
分Ｒと、該傾斜部分Ｒの上端から立ち上がる第２
の円柱部分P2とで成るものである。この鋳造構
造体１１の構成および取付け方法は前記特許願に
開示されており、本発明の一部を構成するもので
はない。ただし、鋳造構造体の鋳込みにおいて、
鋳型が鉛合金表面層２４の湾曲した表面に適合す
るようになつていないと、曲がりの大なるものに
あつては、ろう材から下端から流出することがあ
るので然るべき対処をする必要がある。
第３図に示すように、ホルダ１８は把持部１
７、開口１９を有する枠部材４、枠部材４に備え
られた孔２０を有して成る。鋳造構造体１１を開
口１９、孔２０を通すと試験片２６は孔２０の開
口１９側に引掛かることになつて鋳造構造体１１
の円柱部分P2と把持部１７との間に引張試験機
によつて引張力を付与することができる。このホ
ルダも、前記特許願に開示されており、本発明の
一部を構成するものではない。
第１図を参照すると、湾曲した試験片２６は、
前記鋳造構造体１１、ホルダ１８および補助具４
０を用いて接着強さを測定される。ここで、補助
具は、試験すべき多層材料の曲率に応じ、第４図
から第７図に示すように曲率の異なる補助具４
０，４１，４２，４３を選択して使用すればよ
い。
この曲率は試験片の内径と等しいか、またはや
や小さくすることが必要である。これは引張試験
を行う時に、試験片の円周方向両端部に応力が集
中するのを防止するためである。
第４図は補助具４０の平面図で、第４Ａ図は、
第４図の線Ａ−Ａに沿う縦断平面図であり、
第４Ｂ図は同じく線Ｂ−Ｂに沿う断面側面図
である。
第１図は、４mm以下の肉厚の薄い試験片２６に
補助具４０を介してホルダ１８を適用した場合の
説明図である。
第１図および第４図から第４Ｂ図は、本発明の
第１実施例を示し、参照番号５０は、前記鋳造構
造体１１の直径よりも大きい内径の貫通孔であつ
て、鋳造構造体１１が自由に通過できるようにな
つている。このように測定の対象となる多層材料
の曲率に応じた曲率を有し、中央部に鋳造構造体
を通過させ得る貫通孔５０を有する補助具を使用
することにより、引張り試験による接着強さの測
定時に多層材料の試験片２６の円弧状湾曲面全体
に対し、均等に引張り荷重を加えることができる
ので、補助具を使用しない場合に比較して一層実
際の接着強度に近い測定値が得られる。第１表は
第４Ａ図に示した曲率の補助具４０を使用した場
合と不使用の場合の実測値を示す例である。
第８図は、同様にして多層材料の引張り接着強
さの上下限を測定した場合の補助具の使用による
測定値の変化を示すもので、補助具を使用しなか
つた場合の測定下限値の肉厚による変動がａ曲線
であるのに対し、補助具を使用した場合の下限値
はa1曲線に示すように高い値に移動し、同様に上
限値もｂ曲線からb1曲線の方に上方移動して一層
実際の接着強さに近づく。
[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a method for measuring the adhesive strength of a curved multilayer material consisting of at least two layers, such as a half-cylindrical bearing, in particular a method applied to a steel backing.
Cu, Ni, Zn plating layer, on bearing with overlay
This invention relates to a method for measuring the adhesion strength of strike plating of Cu, Ni, Zn, etc. or layers of aluminum alloy, Kelmet alloy, etc. [Prior Art] Conventional methods for measuring the adhesive strength of plain bearings include knife tests, heat treatment blistering tests, bending tests, and the like. These conventional techniques have the following drawbacks. (1) Adhesive strength cannot be measured quantitatively. (2) In order to measure adhesive strength, it is necessary to prepare a special so-called dummy test piece in addition to the actual product. Patent application filed in 1983, which is the earlier application by the inventor of the present application
No. 63702 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-180931) discloses a method for quantitatively measuring the adhesive strength of multilayer materials accurately and quickly using extremely simple means in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art. are doing. According to the method of the above patent application, a test piece can be obtained directly from an actual product, and there is no need to prepare a special test piece, and the adhesive strength of the product itself can be measured. The method of the above patent application mainly targets flat multilayer materials, and a special mold is placed on one surface of the multilayer material to measure the adhesive strength of the multilayer material by a tensile test. A cast structure serving as one gripping part is cast integrally with the surface of the multilayer material, and a tensile test is performed using the multilayer material or a holder of the material as the other gripping part, and the multilayer material itself is used without preparing a dummy test piece. can be used as a test piece to measure the correct adhesive strength. [Problem to be solved by the invention] In the method of the above patent application, thin multilayer materials,
When measuring the adhesive strength of a curved semi-cylindrical multilayer material, the actual measured value is corrected using a correction curve created in advance through testing. However, for curved materials such as half-cylindrical multilayer materials, especially thin and curved multilayer materials, measurement errors are large. Therefore, the inventor of the present invention created a cast structure by attaching a curved multilayer material to a holder and using this as one gripping part, and casting a brazing material on the curved inner peripheral surface of the curved multilayer material. As the other gripping part, we actually pulled both of them and observed the situation in detail, and were able to investigate the cause of the bending in the curved multilayer material. That is, when both are pulled, force is applied only (partially) to both ends of the curved multilayer material, so the curved multilayer material tends to flex. The inventor was able to investigate the cause of the bending, and by providing a means to support the force on the entire curved inner circumferential surface (the entire arcuate inner circumferential surface) of the curved multilayer material, the inventors prevented the bending.
I thought it would be possible to prevent bending. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide means for preventing the occurrence of the above-mentioned deflection. The purpose is to reduce or eliminate measurement errors by eliminating this deflection. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for placing a mold on one surface of a curved multilayer material test piece in the radial direction and casting a brazing filler metal into the mold. , a first cylindrical portion that is integrally connected to the surface portion and rises substantially perpendicularly to the surface; a slanted portion that gradually increases in diameter and rises from the base end of the cylindrical portion; The second rising from the base
integrally casting a cast structure consisting of a cylindrical portion of the test specimen on the one surface of the multilayer material; placing an auxiliary tool having the same curvature as the radial inner surface of the test piece through the through hole of the cast structure, accommodating the cast structure and the auxiliary tool in a tensile test holder and causing the second cylindrical portion to protrude outward on one side of the holder; and using the second cylindrical portion as one gripping portion. , using the other side of the holder as the other gripping part, applies a tensile force to the multilayer material in the vertical direction, and is closely engaged and interposed between the inner curved surface of the test piece and the inner surface of the holder. The present invention provides a method for measuring adhesive strength of a curved multilayer material, comprising the step of measuring tensile strength by reducing deformation of the test piece due to tensile stress using the auxiliary tool. [Operation] A cast structure made of brazing filler metal having a constant volume is attached to the curved inner circumferential surface of the curved multilayer material by casting means. Since the mold has a special shape such as an inclined shape, the flow of the brazing metal is good. Moreover, since it has an inclined shape, it has the advantage of not being able to touch the curved inner circumferential surface of the test piece. Thereafter, when the cast structure is used as one gripping part and the curved multilayer material (with a holder) is used as the other gripping part, when both are pulled together, force is applied only to both ends of the curved multilayer material. Therefore, the curved multilayer material tends to sag. However, since the curved inner circumferential surface of the curved multilayer material is provided with an auxiliary tool that conforms to the curved surface, the support of this auxiliary tool prevents the bending force. [Example] The present invention will be described by way of example with reference to FIGS. 1 to 14. Referring to FIG. 2, a curved test piece 26 consisting of four layers: a steel backing layer 21, a copper-lead alloy layer 22, a Ni plating layer 23, and a lead alloy surface layer 24 is shown with the cast structure 11 attached. has been done. The cast structure 11 includes a first cylindrical portion P 1 that is connected to the surface layer 24 and stands up almost vertically, and this cylindrical portion P 1 .
A sloped portion R that gradually expands in diameter from the upper end and a second sloped portion R that rises from the upper end of the sloped portion R.
It consists of a cylindrical part P2 . The construction and mounting method of this cast structure 11 is disclosed in the aforementioned patent application and does not form part of the present invention. However, when casting a cast structure,
If the mold is not adapted to the curved surface of the lead alloy surface layer 24, the brazing material may flow out from the lower end if the bend is large, so appropriate measures must be taken. As shown in FIG.
7. A frame member 4 having an opening 19 and a hole 20 provided in the frame member 4. When the cast structure 11 is passed through the opening 19 and the hole 20, the test piece 26 is caught on the opening 19 side of the hole 20, and the cast structure 11
A tensile force can be applied between the cylindrical portion P 2 and the grip portion 17 using a tensile testing machine. This holder is also disclosed in the aforementioned patent application and does not form part of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, the curved specimen 26 is
The cast structure 11, holder 18 and auxiliary tool 4
The adhesive strength is measured using 0. Here, the auxiliary tools are 4 with different curvatures, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, depending on the curvature of the multilayer material to be tested.
0, 41, 42, and 43 may be selected and used. This curvature needs to be equal to or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the test piece. This is to prevent stress from concentrating on both ends of the test piece in the circumferential direction when performing a tensile test. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the auxiliary tool 40, and FIG. 4A is a plan view of the auxiliary tool 40.
5 is a longitudinal sectional plan view taken along line A-A in FIG. 4,
FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional side view taken along line B-B. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram when the holder 18 is applied to a thin test piece 26 with a thickness of 4 mm or less via an auxiliary tool 40. 1 and 4 to 4B show a first embodiment of the present invention, and reference numeral 50 denotes a through hole having an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the cast structure 11. can now pass freely. In this way, by using an auxiliary tool that has a curvature that corresponds to the curvature of the multilayer material to be measured and has a through hole 50 in the center that allows the cast structure to pass through, it is possible to measure the adhesive strength by a tensile test. Since a tensile load can be applied evenly to the entire arc-shaped curved surface of the multilayer material test piece 26 during measurement, a measurement value closer to the actual adhesive strength can be obtained than when no auxiliary tool is used. . Table 1 is an example showing actual measured values of the curvature shown in FIG. 4A when the auxiliary tool 40 is used and when it is not used. Figure 8 shows the change in the measured value due to the use of an auxiliary tool when the upper and lower limits of the tensile adhesive strength of a multilayer material were similarly measured. While the variation due to wall thickness is shown in the a curve, the lower limit value when using an auxiliary tool moves to a higher value as shown in the a 1 curve, and the upper limit value also shifts from the b curve to the b 1 curve. It moves upward to get closer to the actual adhesive strength.
【表】
換言すれば、従来のように試験片の曲率に対応
する曲率の補助具を使用しない場合、特に肉厚が
４mm以下の場合には、引張強さの測定時に試験片
が撓むことによつて、端部に作用する応力の影響
を受けて測定値が実際の接着強さよりも低く示さ
れることになる。
このように、第４図から第７図に示す第１実施
例の補助具４０を使用することにより、補助具を
使用しない場合よりは測定精度は向上し、実用的
にも一応の効果が得られる。実際の接着強さに極
めて近い測定値を必要とする場合には、尚精度を
向上する余地があるが、第１実施例における補助
具は以下に述べるような測定誤差を生ずることに
なる。
第１図および第４図から第７図に示されている
第１実施例においては貫通孔５０，５０ａ〜５０
ｃを有する補助具４０〜４３は、一体構造で作ら
れている。第１図で見られるように試験片２６の
第１の円柱部分P1の外周面と補助具４０の貫通
孔５０の内周面との間には空〓部が存在する。こ
の空〓部があると、貫通孔５０の内周面の下側縁
部と試験片２６の屈曲部との接触係合面に集中荷
重を受け、測定値に誤差が生ずる。
かかる誤差を解消するための一層精度の良い第
２実施例が第９図から第１０Ｄ図に示されてい
る。第２実施例の補助具４４は一対の半割型４４
ａと４４ｂとから成る。補助具４４を底面図であ
る第１０図、上面図である第１０Ｄ図に示すよう
に一組とするものである。
補助具４４の表面は、多層材料の曲率と厚さに
応じた曲率を有する補助具４５，４６，４７（第
１１図、第１２図および第１３図参照）を使用す
る。
第１０図は前記一対の半割型４４ａ，４４ｂを
組合せてなる補助具４４の底面図であつて、参照
番号４８は鋳造構造体１１の第１の円柱部分P1
の直径と等しいかもしくはP1の直径よりやや大
きい貫通孔である。
第１０Ａ図は第１０図の半割型の補助具４４を
分解した状態の平面図、第１０Ｂ図は第１０図の
線Ｂ−Ｂに沿う断面図、第１０Ｃ図は第１０
図の線Ｃ−Ｃに沿う断面図、第１０Ｄ図は第
１０図の補助具底面図である。第１１図、第１２
図および第１３図は測定すべき多層材料の曲率に
対応した曲率および鋳造構造体１１の第１の円柱
部分P1の長さに対応した上面の曲率および厚さ
を有する。
第１０図と第１０Ｄ図において、参照番号４９
は半割型４４ａ，４４ｂを組み合せたときに生ず
る合わせ目である。
記号Ｒは鋳造構造体１１の第１の円柱部分P1
の基端から次第に直径が拡大するように傾斜して
立ち上がる円錐台形の傾斜部分の周面に対し嵌合
するテーパー状の凹周面部分を示す。
第９図において、４mm以下の肉厚の薄い多層材
料の試験片２６に補助具４４を使用してホルダ１
８を装着した状態が示される。第１図に示した補
助具４０を使用した場合、貫通孔５０と鋳造構造
体１１の円柱部分P1の間に顕著な空〓部が生じ
たが、第９図に示す状態では第１の円柱部分P1
と補助具４４とはほぼ接触係合に近い。したがつ
て、引張りによる接着強さの測定時に、試験片２
６の湾曲（円弧）面全体に均等に引張り荷重が印
加され、第２表に示すように一層真の接着強さに
近い値が得られた。
第１４図のグラフからわかるように、第１図に
示す第１実施例における円柱部分P1と補助具４
０の貫通孔５０との間に或程度の空〓部が存在す
る場合の測定値と比較すると、第９図に示す第２
実施例では第１の円柱部分P1と補助具４４とを
接触係合させるので真実の接着強さに近い値を得
ることができた。第１４図において、補助具４４
を使用した場合の測定値は、補助具４０を使用し
た場合の測定値の下限曲線a1から曲線a2に移動
し、同様に上限曲線b1は曲線b2に移動して、一層
高い値となり、真の接着強度に一層近い測定値を
得ることができた。[Table] In other words, if you do not use a curvature aid that corresponds to the curvature of the test piece as in the past, especially if the wall thickness is 4 mm or less, the test piece may bend during tensile strength measurement. Therefore, the measured value will be lower than the actual bond strength due to the influence of stress acting on the edge. As described above, by using the auxiliary tool 40 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the measurement accuracy is improved compared to when no auxiliary tool is used, and some practical effects can be obtained. It will be done. If a measurement value extremely close to the actual adhesive strength is required, there is still room for improvement in accuracy, but the auxiliary tool in the first embodiment will cause measurement errors as described below. In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 to 7, the through holes 50, 50a to 50
The auxiliary tools 40 to 43 having c are made in one piece. As seen in FIG. 1, a void exists between the outer peripheral surface of the first cylindrical portion P1 of the test piece 26 and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 50 of the auxiliary tool 40. If this hollow portion exists, a concentrated load is applied to the contacting and engaging surface between the lower edge of the inner circumferential surface of the through hole 50 and the bent portion of the test piece 26, causing an error in the measured value. A second, more accurate embodiment for eliminating such errors is shown in FIGS. 9 to 10D. The auxiliary tool 44 of the second embodiment is a pair of half-split molds 44.
It consists of a and 44b. The auxiliary tools 44 are arranged as a set as shown in FIG. 10, which is a bottom view, and FIG. 10D, which is a top view. Auxiliary tools 45, 46, and 47 (see FIGS. 11, 12, and 13) are used for the surfaces of the auxiliary tools 44, which have curvatures corresponding to the curvature and thickness of the multilayer material. FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the auxiliary tool 44 formed by combining the pair of half-split molds 44a and 44b, and reference numeral 48 indicates the first cylindrical portion P 1 of the cast structure 11.
It is a through hole with a diameter equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of P1 . 10A is a plan view of the half-split type auxiliary tool 44 shown in FIG. 10 in an exploded state, FIG.
10D is a bottom view of the auxiliary tool of FIG. 10, which is a sectional view taken along line CC in the figure. Figures 11 and 12
The figures and FIG. 13 have a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the multilayer material to be measured and a curvature and thickness of the upper surface corresponding to the length of the first cylindrical part P 1 of the cast structure 11. In Figures 10 and 10D, reference numeral 49
is a seam formed when the half molds 44a and 44b are combined. Symbol R is the first cylindrical portion P 1 of the cast structure 11
This shows a tapered concave circumferential surface portion that fits into the circumferential surface of a truncated conical inclined portion that slopes up so that its diameter gradually increases from its base end. In FIG. 9, a test piece 26 of a thin multilayer material with a wall thickness of 4 mm or less is held in the holder 1 using an auxiliary tool 44.
8 is shown attached. When the auxiliary tool 40 shown in FIG. 1 was used, a noticeable void was created between the through hole 50 and the cylindrical portion P1 of the cast structure 11, but in the state shown in FIG. Cylindrical part P 1
and the auxiliary tool 44 are almost in close contact engagement. Therefore, when measuring the adhesive strength by tension, the test piece 2
A tensile load was applied evenly to the entire curved (arc) surface of No. 6, and as shown in Table 2, values closer to the true adhesive strength were obtained. As can be seen from the graph in FIG. 14, the cylindrical portion P 1 and the auxiliary tool 4 in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
When compared with the measured value when there is a certain amount of empty space between the through hole 50 and the through hole 50 shown in FIG.
In the example, since the first cylindrical portion P1 and the auxiliary tool 44 were brought into contact engagement, a value close to the actual adhesive strength could be obtained. In FIG. 14, the auxiliary tool 44
The measured value when using the auxiliary device 40 moves from the lower limit curve a 1 of the measured value to the curve a 2 , and similarly the upper limit curve b 1 moves to the curve b 2 to reach a higher value. Therefore, we were able to obtain a measurement value that was even closer to the true adhesive strength.
【表】
第２表から、試験片の肉厚が小さいほど、第２
実施例の補助具４４の使用により得られた測定値
の上方への修正値は大きく、肉厚4.0mmでは修正
値は0.1Kg／mm2となり、第１実施例の補助具４０
でも実用上支障がない。
［発明の効果］
本発明は、次の利点を有する。
(1) 湾曲した多層材料の曲内周表面全体に、この
曲内周表面全体に合つた補助具を支えるように
用いたから、湾曲した多層材料が、たわむこと
なく、正確な接着強さの測定ができる。
(2) 多層軸受材料のような試験片は製造工程間の
半加工品であつても、または完成品であつて
も、母材から切り出して試験することができ
る。したがつて、所望の層と層との間の接着力
を測定することも、多層材料のうちの一番接着
力の弱いところの層と層の間の接着力を測定す
ることもできる。実際の製品から試験片を任意
に得ることができるので、真実でかつ正確な接
着強さを定量的に測定することができる。特別
にダミー試験片を別途用意する場合は、実際の
製品における接着強さの測定値が得られるか疑
わしいが、本発明においてはかかることはな
い。
(3) 試験片は、軸受面が曲面になつている肉厚４
mm以下の薄肉多層材料でもよいため、試験片の
作成時間と測定時間は飛躍的に短縮される。
(4) 鋳造構造体のハンダ等のろう材は再溶解して
何回も再使用できるから経済的ロスは少ない。
また試験片が安定に得られることと相俟つて試
験費用は安価なものとなる。[Table] From Table 2, the smaller the wall thickness of the test piece, the more
The upward correction value of the measured value obtained by using the auxiliary tool 44 of the first embodiment is large, and when the wall thickness is 4.0 mm, the correction value is 0.1 Kg/ mm2 , and the auxiliary tool 44 of the first embodiment
However, there is no practical problem. [Effects of the Invention] The present invention has the following advantages. (1) Since an auxiliary tool that fits the entire inner circumferential surface of the curved multilayer material is used to support the entire inner circumferential surface of the curve, the curved multilayer material does not warp and accurate measurement of adhesive strength is possible. Can be done. (2) Test specimens such as multilayer bearing materials can be cut from the base material and tested, whether they are semi-finished products during the manufacturing process or finished products. Thus, it is possible to measure the adhesion between desired layers, or to measure the adhesion between the weakest layers of a multilayer material. Since test pieces can be obtained arbitrarily from actual products, true and accurate bond strength can be measured quantitatively. If a dummy test piece is specially prepared separately, it is doubtful whether a measured value of the adhesive strength of the actual product can be obtained, but this is not the case in the present invention. (3) The test piece has a wall thickness of 4 with a curved bearing surface.
Since a thin multilayer material with a thickness of less than mm may be used, the test piece preparation time and measurement time are dramatically shortened. (4) Since the solder and other brazing materials in cast structures can be remelted and reused many times, there is little economic loss.
In addition, since test pieces can be stably obtained, the test cost is low.
第１図は４mm以下の肉厚を有し、かつ湾曲した
試験片の接着強さの測定に第１実施例による補助
具を用いた構成を示す破断断面図、第２図は湾曲
した平軸受の試験片に鋳造構造体を取り付けた状
態を示す部分断面図、第３図は試験片の一方の把
持部分となるホルダの斜視図、第４図は第１実施
例による補助具の平面図、第４Ａ図は第４図の線
Ａ−Ａに沿つた断面図、第４Ｂ図は第４図の
線Ｂ−Ｂに沿つた断面図、第５図から第７図
は曲率および厚さの異なる試験片に用いる補助具
の断面図、第８図は第１実施例による補助具を使
用した場合と不使用の場合における試験片の厚さ
に対する接着強さの上下限値を示すグラフ、第９
図は４mm以下の肉厚を有し、かつ湾曲した試験片
の接着強さの測定に第２実施例による半割型の補
助具を用いた構成を示す破断断面図、第１０図は
第２実施例による半割型の補助具の平面図、第１
０Ａ図は第１０図に示す補助具を分離して示した
図、第１０Ｂ図は第１０図の線Ｂ−Ｂに沿つ
た断面図、第１０Ｃ図は第１０図の線Ｃ−Ｃ
に沿つた断面図、第１０Ｄ図は第１０図に示す補
助具の底面図、第１１図から第１３図は曲率およ
び厚さの異なる試験片に用いる補助具の断面図、
および第１４図は第１実施例および第２実施例に
よる補助具を使用した場合と不使用の場合におけ
る試験片の厚さに対する接着強さの上下限値を示
すグラフである。
図において、１１……鋳造構造体、１８……ホ
ルダ、２１……鋼裏金層、２２……銅鉛合金層、
２３……Niメツキ層、２４……鉛合金表面層、
２６……多層材料の試験片、４０，４４……補助
具、４８，５０……貫通孔、P1……第１の円柱
部、P2……第２の円柱部、Ｒ……半割型の補助
具の貫通孔のテーパ部。
Fig. 1 is a broken cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which the auxiliary tool according to the first embodiment is used to measure the adhesive strength of a curved test piece having a wall thickness of 4 mm or less, and Fig. 2 shows a curved plain bearing. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a holder that serves as one gripping portion of the test specimen; FIG. 4 is a plan view of the auxiliary tool according to the first embodiment; 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 4, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 4, and FIGS. 5 to 7 show different curvatures and thicknesses. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary tool used for the test piece, and FIG.
The figure is a broken cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which a half-split type auxiliary tool according to the second embodiment is used to measure the adhesive strength of a curved test piece having a wall thickness of 4 mm or less. Plan view of the half-split type auxiliary tool according to the embodiment, 1st
Figure 0A is an isolated view of the auxiliary tool shown in Figure 10, Figure 10B is a sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 10, and Figure 10C is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in Figure 10.
10D is a bottom view of the auxiliary tool shown in FIG. 10, and FIGS. 11 to 13 are sectional views of the auxiliary tool used for test pieces with different curvatures and thicknesses,
and FIG. 14 is a graph showing the upper and lower limits of adhesive strength with respect to the thickness of the test piece when the auxiliary tool according to the first example and the second example is used and when it is not used. In the figure, 11...cast structure, 18...holder, 21...steel back metal layer, 22...copper lead alloy layer,
23...Ni plating layer, 24...Lead alloy surface layer,
26...Test piece of multilayer material, 40, 44...Auxiliary tool, 48, 50...Through hole, P1 ...First cylindrical part, P2 ...Second cylindrical part, R...Half Tapered part of the through hole of the mold auxiliary tool.
Claims (1)
の表面の部分に鋳型を載置して該鋳型にろう材を
鋳込み、該表面の部分に一体に接続されていて該
表面に対してほぼ垂直に立ち上がる第１の円柱部
分と、該円柱部分の基端から次第に径が拡大して
立ち上がる傾斜部分と、該傾斜部分の基端から立
ち上がる第２の円柱部分とから成る鋳造構造体
を、該多層材料の前記一方の表面に一体に鋳着さ
せる段階と、 前記鋳造構造体が通過可能な貫通孔を有し、半
径方向外表面が該試験片の半径方向内表面と同一
の曲率を有する補助具を該鋳造構造体の該貫通孔
を通して試験片の該内表面上に載置する段階と、 前記のごとく該試験片内表面に鋳着された鋳造
構造体と該補助具とを引張試験用ホルダ内に収容
して該第２の円柱部分を該ホルダの一方側外方に
突出させる段階と、 該第２の円柱部分を一方の把持部とし、該ホル
ダの他方側を他方の把持部として、該多層材料に
対し鉛直方向に引張力を負荷し、該試験片の内側
曲面と該ホルダの内側面との間に密接係合して介
在する該補助具によつて該試験片の引張応力によ
る変形を低減して引張り強さを測定する段階とを
含む湾曲した多層材料の接着強さ測定方法。 ２ 特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の方法におい
て、該補助具が軸線に対し対称で着脱自在な一対
の割型補助部材を組み合わせて形成され、該鋳造
構造体の第１の円柱部を通過させるに足る第１の
円形孔と、該鋳造構造体のテーパ状円周面部と同
一テーパを有し、該鋳造構造体のテーパ部と密着
しうる第２の内孔部分とから成り、該鋳造構造体
が試験片に鋳着された後、該鋳造構造体の外周面
に密接して該試験片と該ホルダとの間に介在され
るようになつていることを特徴とする湾曲した多
層材料の接着強さ測定方法。[Claims] 1. A mold is placed on one surface of a curved multilayer material test piece in the radial direction, and a filler metal is cast into the mold. A casting consisting of a first cylindrical part that stands up almost perpendicular to the surface, an inclined part that gradually increases in diameter from the base end of the cylindrical part, and a second cylindrical part that rises from the base end of the inclined part. integrally casting a structure on the one surface of the multilayer material; having a through hole through which the cast structure can pass, the radially outer surface being the same as the radially inner surface of the specimen; placing an auxiliary tool having a curvature of and a step of housing the second cylindrical portion in a tensile test holder and protruding the second cylindrical portion outwardly on one side of the holder; The other gripping part applies a tensile force to the multilayer material in the vertical direction, and uses the auxiliary tool interposed in close engagement between the inner curved surface of the test piece and the inner surface of the holder. and measuring tensile strength by reducing deformation due to tensile stress of a test piece. 2. In the method according to claim 1, the auxiliary tool is formed by combining a pair of split auxiliary members that are symmetrical about the axis and are detachable, and the auxiliary tool is formed by combining a pair of split auxiliary members that are detachable and symmetrical about the axis, and that passes through the first cylindrical part of the cast structure. and a second inner hole portion having the same taper as the tapered circumferential surface portion of the cast structure and capable of coming into close contact with the tapered portion of the cast structure, A curved multilayer material characterized in that, after the structure is cast on the test piece, it is interposed between the test piece and the holder in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cast structure. How to measure adhesive strength.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7468483A JPS59198343A (en) | 1983-04-27 | 1983-04-27 | Method for measuring bonding strength of multi-layered material having carvature |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7468483A JPS59198343A (en) | 1983-04-27 | 1983-04-27 | Method for measuring bonding strength of multi-layered material having carvature |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59198343A JPS59198343A (en) | 1984-11-10 |
| JPH0257264B2 true JPH0257264B2 (en) | 1990-12-04 |
Family
ID=13554294
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7468483A Granted JPS59198343A (en) | 1983-04-27 | 1983-04-27 | Method for measuring bonding strength of multi-layered material having carvature |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59198343A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9039755B2 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2015-05-26 | Medinol Ltd. | Helical hybrid stent |
-
1983
- 1983-04-27 JP JP7468483A patent/JPS59198343A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9039755B2 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2015-05-26 | Medinol Ltd. | Helical hybrid stent |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59198343A (en) | 1984-11-10 |
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