JPH02197057A - Fuel cell power generator - Google Patents
Fuel cell power generatorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02197057A JPH02197057A JP1016796A JP1679689A JPH02197057A JP H02197057 A JPH02197057 A JP H02197057A JP 1016796 A JP1016796 A JP 1016796A JP 1679689 A JP1679689 A JP 1679689A JP H02197057 A JPH02197057 A JP H02197057A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- raw material
- fuel cell
- methanol
- heat exchanger
- supplied
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野］
この発明はメタノール等のアルコール原料を改質して燃
料ガスとして使用するリン酸形燃料電池を備えた燃料電
池発電装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a fuel cell power generation device equipped with a phosphoric acid fuel cell that reformes an alcohol raw material such as methanol and uses it as a fuel gas.
（従来の技術〕
第２図にアルコール原料特にその代表例であるメタノー
ルを水蒸気改質して燃料ガスとするリン酸形燃料電池発
電装置の系統図を示す。(Prior Art) FIG. 2 shows a system diagram of a phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation device that steam-reforms an alcohol raw material, particularly methanol, which is a typical example thereof, to produce a fuel gas.
第２図において、原料タンク１に蓄えられたメタノール
は第３の原料ポンプ６を介して起動用バーナ１１に供給
され、起動バーナ用ファン１３から送られた空気ととも
に燃焼され、起動用熱交換器１２を加熱する。この熱交
換器１２内は液冷媒ポンプ１４を介して液冷媒が循環し
ており燃料電池スタック１５内の冷却板２１を加熱また
は冷却する。原料タンク１より第２の原料ポンプ５を介
してメタノールが改質器バーナ９に供給されファン１０
から送られる空気とともに燃焼されて改質器７内の改質
管８を加熱する。また原料タンク１より第１の原料ポン
プ４を介してメタノールと水タンク２より水ポンプ３を
介して水とが前記改質管８に供給されて水蒸気改質され
て水素リッチな燃料ガスとなって燃料電池スタック１５
の燃料室１８に供給される。同時にファン２２で空気室
２０に供給された空気とともに、燃料電極１６と空気電
極１７とでりん酸マトリックス１９を介して電気化学反
応をして発電し出力端子２３に起電力を生ずる。In FIG. 2, methanol stored in the raw material tank 1 is supplied to the startup burner 11 via the third raw material pump 6, and is combusted together with air sent from the startup burner fan 13. Heat 12. A liquid refrigerant is circulated in the heat exchanger 12 via a liquid refrigerant pump 14 to heat or cool the cooling plate 21 in the fuel cell stack 15 . Methanol is supplied from the raw material tank 1 to the reformer burner 9 via the second raw material pump 5 and the fan 10
It is combusted together with the air sent from the reformer 7 and heats the reforming tube 8 in the reformer 7. Also, methanol is supplied from the raw material tank 1 via the first raw material pump 4, and water is supplied from the water tank 2 via the water pump 3 to the reforming pipe 8, where they are steam reformed and become hydrogen-rich fuel gas. fuel cell stack 15
The fuel is supplied to the fuel chamber 18 of. At the same time, together with the air supplied to the air chamber 20 by the fan 22, an electrochemical reaction occurs between the fuel electrode 16 and the air electrode 17 via the phosphoric acid matrix 19 to generate electricity and generate an electromotive force at the output terminal 23.
この発電装置を運転起動させるときは、第２図でまず改
質器７と燃料電池スタック１５を運転温度（前者は約２
５０℃、後者は約２００℃）まで昇温させる必要がある
。改質器７を昇温させるには改質器バーナ９に原料タン
ク１より第２の原料ポンプ５を介してメタノールと、フ
ァン１０より空気とを供給してメタノールを燃焼させて
改質器７を加熱する。When starting up this power generator, first set the reformer 7 and fuel cell stack 15 at operating temperature (the former is about 2
It is necessary to raise the temperature to 50°C (the latter being about 200°C). To raise the temperature of the reformer 7, methanol is supplied from the raw material tank 1 to the reformer burner 9 via the second raw material pump 5, and air is supplied from the fan 10 to combust the methanol. heat up.
また、燃料電池スタック１５は起動用バーナ１１に第３
の原料ポンプを介してメタノールと、起動バーナ用ファ
ン１３から空気とを供給しメタノールを燃焼させて起動
用熱交換器１２を加熱する。この熱交換器１２には液冷
媒ポンプ１４を介して液冷媒が供給されており、加熱さ
れた液冷媒は燃料電池スタック１５の冷却板２１に循環
され燃料電池スタック１５を加熱する。改質器７と燃料
電池スタック１５が所定の温度に加熱された後に原料タ
ンク１より第１の原料ポンプ４を介してメタノールと、
水タンク２より水ポンプ３を介して水とを混合液にして
改質器７内の改質管８に供給する。改質管８には銅と亜
鉛系の触媒が充填されておりここで次の反応式により水
素が生成される。Additionally, the fuel cell stack 15 has a third
Methanol is supplied through the raw material pump and air is supplied from the starting burner fan 13 to combust the methanol and heat the starting heat exchanger 12. A liquid refrigerant is supplied to the heat exchanger 12 via a liquid refrigerant pump 14 , and the heated liquid refrigerant is circulated through the cooling plate 21 of the fuel cell stack 15 to heat the fuel cell stack 15 . After the reformer 7 and the fuel cell stack 15 are heated to a predetermined temperature, methanol is supplied from the raw material tank 1 via the first raw material pump 4,
A mixture of water and water is supplied from the water tank 2 to the reforming pipe 8 in the reformer 7 via the water pump 3. The reforming tube 8 is filled with a copper and zinc catalyst, and hydrogen is produced here according to the following reaction formula.
ＣＨｓ ＯＨ＋ Ｈｔ Ｏ■３ Ｈ！ ＋ ＣＯｘ −
・・・−・・・・・（１）この水素と炭酸ガスの混合ガ
スが燃料電池スタック１５内の燃料室１８に供給される
。燃料電池スタック１５にはさらにファン２２より空気
が空気室２０に供給されて、その空気中の酸素と前記（
１）式による水素がリン酸マトリックス１９を介して電
気化学反応をして発電し出力端子２３より外部に電力を
供給する。燃料電池スタック１５は電気化学反応に伴っ
て発熱するため運転時には液冷媒を液冷媒ポンプ１４と
起動用熱交換器１２を通って循環させ燃料電池スタック
１５を冷却する。このとき起動用バーナ１１は停止して
いて起動バーナ用ファン１３のみ運転させれば起動用熱
交換器１２は冷却器として機能する。CHs OH+ Ht O■3 H! + COx −
(1) This mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide is supplied to the fuel chamber 18 in the fuel cell stack 15. In the fuel cell stack 15, air is further supplied to the air chamber 20 by a fan 22, and the oxygen in the air and the (
Hydrogen according to the formula 1) undergoes an electrochemical reaction through the phosphoric acid matrix 19 to generate electricity, which is supplied to the outside from the output terminal 23. Since the fuel cell stack 15 generates heat due to electrochemical reactions, the fuel cell stack 15 is cooled by circulating liquid refrigerant through the liquid refrigerant pump 14 and the startup heat exchanger 12 during operation. At this time, the starting burner 11 is stopped, and if only the starting burner fan 13 is operated, the starting heat exchanger 12 functions as a cooler.
燃料電池スタック１５が運転中にはここの燃料電極１６
で発電に供されたあとの改質燃料ガス （オフガスとも
いう）は改質器バーナ９に供給されて燃焼し改質反応に
必要な熱を改質器７に供給する。When the fuel cell stack 15 is in operation, the fuel electrode 16 here
The reformed fuel gas (also referred to as off-gas) after being used for power generation is supplied to the reformer burner 9 and combusted, supplying the reformer 7 with the heat necessary for the reforming reaction.
この場合でもし改質器の温度が所定の値より下がる際に
は原料タンク１によるメタノールを第２の原料ポンプ５
を介して改質器バーナ９で同時に燃焼させる。In this case, if the temperature of the reformer falls below a predetermined value, methanol from the raw material tank 1 is transferred to the second raw material pump 5.
are simultaneously combusted in the reformer burner 9.
前述した燃料電池発電装置を起動させるときに改質器バ
ーナ９および起動用バーナ１１へのメタノールの供給は
、従来メタノールをスプレーで噴霧していたが、この方
式はメタノールの噴霧粒が大きいと不完全燃焼して燃焼
効率が悪く、排ガスが刺激臭を持つ欠点を有し、またス
プレー噴霧の機構上燃焼炎が長く燃焼室を小形にして装
置をコンパクトにするのに支障があった。これを解決す
る方法としてメタノールを気化させて前記２ケ所のバー
ナ９．１１に供給し燃焼を完全に行わせる方式が考えら
れる０例えば原料ポンプとバーナとのメタノール供給ラ
インに電気ヒータ式気化器を設置して、メタノールを気
化する。しかしこのためには大きな電気エネルギーを必
要とし、別途外部よりの電源も必要となる。また改質器
バーナの排気熱を利用してメタノールを気化させる方式
もあるが、起動時には排気熱がなく改質器バーナが通常
運転している時以外は利用出来ないという欠点があった
。Conventionally, methanol was supplied to the reformer burner 9 and startup burner 11 by spraying methanol when starting up the aforementioned fuel cell power generation system, but this method is disadvantageous if the sprayed methanol particles are large. The disadvantages are that the combustion efficiency is poor due to complete combustion, and the exhaust gas has a pungent odor.Also, due to the mechanism of spray atomization, the combustion flame is long, making it difficult to make the combustion chamber smaller and make the device more compact. One possible solution to this problem is to vaporize methanol and supply it to the two burners 9.11 for complete combustion. For example, an electric heater vaporizer may be installed in the methanol supply line between the raw material pump and the burner. installed to vaporize methanol. However, this requires a large amount of electrical energy, and a separate external power source is also required. There is also a method of vaporizing methanol using the exhaust heat of the reformer burner, but this method has the disadvantage that there is no exhaust heat at startup and it cannot be used except when the reformer burner is in normal operation.
この発明はこの点に鑑みてなされたもので、大きな電気
エネルギーを必要としない、コンパクトにまとめられた
起動用装置を備えた燃料電池発電装置を提供することを
目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of this point, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell power generation device that does not require a large amount of electrical energy and is equipped with a compact starting device.
上記課題を解決するために、この発明によれば、原料タ
ンクより第１の原料ポンプを介してメタノール等のアル
コール原料が供給される改質器と、この改質器により前
記原料が改質されて供給される燃料極およびファンによ
って空気が供給される空気極を備え、液冷媒で冷却され
る冷却板を内蔵した燃料電池スタックとよりなり、前記
改質器は前記原料タンクより第２の原料ポンプを介して
原料が供給される改質器バーナを、前記燃料電池は前記
原料タンクより第３の原料ポンプを介して原料が供給さ
れ前記液冷媒を加熱する起動用熱交換器の起動用バーナ
を存する燃料電池発電装置において、前記第２の原料ポ
ンプと前記改質器バーナとの間の原料供給ライン内と、
前記第３の原料ポンプと前記起動用バーナとの間の原料
供給ライン内とに前記原料と前記液冷媒との熱を交換す
る第２と第３の熱交換器と、前記第３の熱交換器と前記
起動用バーナとの間の原料供給ラインに気化用ヒータと
、前記燃料電池スタック内の冷却板の冷媒入口にスタッ
ク用冷媒供給弁と、このスタック用冷媒供給弁の冷媒入
口と前記燃料電池スタック内の冷却板の冷媒出口とを接
続するバイパス通路と、このバイパス通路内にバイパス
弁とを設けてなるものとする。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a reformer to which an alcohol raw material such as methanol is supplied from a raw material tank via a first raw material pump, and a reformer that reformes the raw material. The reformer consists of a fuel cell stack equipped with a fuel electrode supplied by a fuel electrode and an air electrode supplied with air by a fan, and a built-in cooling plate cooled by a liquid refrigerant. The fuel cell has a reformer burner to which raw materials are supplied via a pump, and a startup burner of a startup heat exchanger to which raw materials are supplied from the raw material tank via a third raw material pump and heats the liquid refrigerant. In a fuel cell power generation device comprising: a raw material supply line between the second raw material pump and the reformer burner;
second and third heat exchangers that exchange heat between the raw material and the liquid refrigerant in a raw material supply line between the third raw material pump and the starting burner; and the third heat exchanger. a vaporizing heater in the raw material supply line between the fuel cell stack and the starting burner, a stack refrigerant supply valve at the refrigerant inlet of the cooling plate in the fuel cell stack, and a refrigerant inlet of the stack refrigerant supply valve and the fuel A bypass passage connecting the refrigerant outlet of the cooling plate in the battery stack and a bypass valve are provided in the bypass passage.
この発明の構成によると、燃料電池発電装置の起動に際
し、まず原料タンクより第３の原料ポンプを介して供給
されるメタノールを小形蓄電池などの小電力でも稼動で
きる気化用ヒータによってメタノールの沸点６４℃以上
に加熱して気化し起動用バーナに供給する。ここで起動
バーナ用ファンから供給される空気と混合して燃焼し起
動用熱交換器を加熱する。この起動用熱交換器で加熱さ
れた液冷媒は液冷媒ポンプによって、第３の熱交換器と
、第２の熱交換器とを通りスタック用冷媒供給弁が閉じ
られバイパス弁が開かれているバイパス通路を覆って液
冷媒ポンプを介して前記起動用熱交換器に、もどる循環
をして前記第２．第３の熱交換器を加熱する。この第２
．第３の熱交換器が加熱されて所定の温度になると、気
化用ヒータのｉａ源を切って停止させ、原料タンク１よ
り第２゜第３の原料ポンプを介して第２．第３の熱交換
器で加熱されて気化したメタノールがそれぞれ改質器バ
ーナと起動用バーナに入り燃焼して改質器内触媒管と起
動用熱交換器内の液冷媒を加熱する。According to the structure of the present invention, when starting up the fuel cell power generation device, first, methanol is supplied from the raw material tank via the third raw material pump, and the boiling point of methanol is 64 ° C. It is heated above and vaporized and supplied to the starting burner. Here, it is mixed with air supplied from the startup burner fan and burned to heat the startup heat exchanger. The liquid refrigerant heated by this start-up heat exchanger passes through a third heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger by a liquid refrigerant pump, and the stack refrigerant supply valve is closed and the bypass valve is opened. The second. Heat the third heat exchanger. This second
．． When the third heat exchanger is heated to a predetermined temperature, the ia source of the vaporizing heater is turned off and stopped, and the second heat exchanger is moved from the raw material tank 1 to the second through the third raw material pump. Methanol heated and vaporized in the third heat exchanger enters the reformer burner and the startup burner, respectively, and burns to heat the catalyst tube in the reformer and the liquid refrigerant in the startup heat exchanger.
この液冷媒が所定の温度になると前記バイパス弁を閉じ
てスタック用冷媒供給弁を開き、液冷媒は燃料電池スタ
ック内冷却板に供給されて燃料電池スタックを加熱する
。この燃料電池スタックが所定の温度になると、改質器
より加熱改質されて水素リッチになった燃料が燃料電池
スタックの燃料室へ、ファンによって供給される空気が
空気室に入って発電に供される。運転が定常状態になっ
て燃料電池スタックの燃料極より出たオフガスが改質器
バーナに供されて燃焼して改質器バーナにメタノールを
供する必要がない時は第２の原料ポンプを停止してメタ
ノールの供給を停止する。また燃料電池スタック内で発
電時発生する反応熱が冷却板内の液冷媒を加熱して循環
させていて、前記起動用バーナで起動用熱交換器を加熱
する必要がなくなるので、第３の原料ポンプを停止して
起動用バーナへのメタノールの供給を停止する。When this liquid refrigerant reaches a predetermined temperature, the bypass valve is closed and the stack refrigerant supply valve is opened, and the liquid refrigerant is supplied to the cooling plate in the fuel cell stack to heat the fuel cell stack. When this fuel cell stack reaches a predetermined temperature, the hydrogen-rich fuel that has been heated and reformed by the reformer enters the fuel chamber of the fuel cell stack, and the air supplied by the fan enters the air chamber and is used for power generation. be done. When the operation is in a steady state and the off-gas discharged from the fuel electrode of the fuel cell stack is supplied to the reformer burner and burned, and there is no need to supply methanol to the reformer burner, the second raw material pump is stopped. and stop the methanol supply. In addition, the reaction heat generated during power generation in the fuel cell stack heats and circulates the liquid refrigerant in the cooling plate, eliminating the need to heat the startup heat exchanger with the startup burner. Stop the pump and stop supplying methanol to the startup burner.
以下この発明を実施例に基づいて説明する。第１図はこ
の発明の実施例を示す系統図で第２図の従来例で示した
ものと同じ部位には同じ符号を付しである。原料タンク
１より第３の原料ポンプ６を介して起動用熱交換器１２
の起動用バーナ１１にメタノールを供給するラインに第
３の熱交換器２５と気化用ヒータ３０とが配されてこの
燃料電池発電装置の起動にあたってまず気化用ヒータ３
０に電力が入りメタノールの沸点約６４°Ｃ以上になっ
て気化したメタノールが起動用バーナ１１に送られて燃
焼に供される。液冷媒ポンプ１４によって循環させられ
る液冷媒は起動用熱交換器１２によって加熱されて循環
し第３の熱交換器２５と第２の熱交換器２４とでメタノ
ールを加熱し、スタック用冷媒供給弁を閉っているため
、開いているバイパス弁２８のあるバイバス通路２７を
通って液冷媒ポンプ１４にもどる循環をする。この状態
で第３の熱交換器と第２の熱交換器との内部でメタノー
ルが約６４℃以上に昇温されるとメタノールは気化する
ので、気化用ヒータ３０は運転を停止し、起動用バーナ
１１には第３の熱交換器２５で気化したメタノールが、
改質器バーナ９には第２の熱交換器２４で気化したメタ
ノールがそれぞれ供給されて燃焼に供される。気化用ヒ
ータが運転を停止するとスタック用冷媒供給弁２９が開
き、バイパス弁２８が閉じるので、熱せられた冷媒体が
燃料電池スタック１５の冷却板２１内を通流して液冷媒
ポンプ１４にもどる循環をする。The present invention will be explained below based on examples. FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and the same parts as those shown in the conventional example of FIG. 2 are given the same reference numerals. The starting heat exchanger 12 is supplied from the raw material tank 1 via the third raw material pump 6.
A third heat exchanger 25 and a vaporizing heater 30 are arranged in the line that supplies methanol to the starting burner 11.
Electric power is applied to the combustion chamber 0, and the methanol vaporized at a temperature exceeding the boiling point of methanol of approximately 64° C. is sent to the starting burner 11 for combustion. The liquid refrigerant circulated by the liquid refrigerant pump 14 is heated by the startup heat exchanger 12 and circulated, and the methanol is heated by the third heat exchanger 25 and the second heat exchanger 24, and the stack refrigerant supply valve is heated. Since the liquid refrigerant is closed, the liquid refrigerant is circulated back to the liquid refrigerant pump 14 through the bypass passage 27 where the bypass valve 28 is open. In this state, if methanol is heated to about 64°C or higher inside the third heat exchanger and second heat exchanger, methanol will vaporize, so the vaporization heater 30 will stop operating, and the The burner 11 contains methanol vaporized in the third heat exchanger 25.
Methanol vaporized in the second heat exchanger 24 is supplied to each of the reformer burners 9 and is used for combustion. When the vaporization heater stops operating, the stack refrigerant supply valve 29 opens and the bypass valve 28 closes, so that the heated refrigerant flows through the cooling plate 21 of the fuel cell stack 15 and returns to the liquid refrigerant pump 14. do.
改質器バーナが燃焼すると改質器７の触媒管８が加熱さ
れて原料であるメタノールは、水素リッチに改賀されて
冷却板２１によって前記のごとく温められている燃料電
池スタック１５の燃料室１８に供給され、発電に供され
る。When the reformer burner burns, the catalyst tube 8 of the reformer 7 is heated, and methanol, which is a raw material, is converted into a hydrogen-rich fuel chamber of the fuel cell stack 15 where it is heated as described above by the cooling plate 21. 18 and used for power generation.
この発明は前述のように燃料電池スタック内の冷却板を
通流し前記スタックの昇温と冷却をしている液冷媒の熱
を発電装置の起動時に利用して、起動用バーナや改質器
バーナに供給するメタノールと熱交換してメタノールを
気化するので、液対液の効率よい熱の交換伝達ができて
装置全体を小形軽量に設計することができる。また液冷
媒の昇温時には、前述のごとくバイパス弁を開いたバイ
パス通路を、液冷媒が通流して昇温しでいる短時間のみ
気化用ヒータを使用するので、使用電力量が少なくてす
み、電源に小形蓄電池も利用できて装置を簡便ならしめ
る。またメタノールを気化するとき与える熱源の温度が
高すぎると （約３００〜４００℃）、メタノールが熱
分解で炭化して配管を詰まらせる事があるが、燃料電池
スタックの昇温と冷却とに使用している液冷媒の温度は
燃料電池スタックの運転温度の約２００℃を超えること
はなくメタノールを熱分解させることはない。As described above, this invention utilizes the heat of the liquid refrigerant that flows through the cooling plate in the fuel cell stack to raise and cool the temperature of the fuel cell stack at the time of starting up the power generation device, and uses the heat in the starting burner and the reformer burner. Since the methanol is vaporized through heat exchange with the methanol supplied to the reactor, efficient heat exchange and transfer between liquid and liquid is possible, and the entire device can be designed to be small and lightweight. In addition, when raising the temperature of the liquid refrigerant, the vaporizing heater is used only for a short period of time when the liquid refrigerant flows through the bypass passage with the bypass valve open and the temperature rises, as described above, so less electricity is used. A small storage battery can also be used as a power source, making the device simple. Also, if the temperature of the heat source applied when vaporizing methanol is too high (approximately 300 to 400 degrees Celsius), methanol may carbonize due to thermal decomposition and clog the pipes, but it is used to raise and cool the temperature of the fuel cell stack. The temperature of the liquid refrigerant used does not exceed the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack, about 200° C., and does not thermally decompose methanol.
第１図はこの発明になるメタノール気化用熱交換器を備
えた燃料電池発電装置の系統図、第２図は従来例になる
燃料電池発電装置の系統図である。
１：原料タンク、５：第２の原料ポンプ、６：第３の原
料ポンプ、７：改質器、９：改質器バーナ、１１：起動
用バーナ、１２：起動用熱交換器、１４：液冷媒ポンプ
、１５：燃料電池スタック、２１：冷却板、２４：第２
の熱交換器、２５：第３の熱交換器、２７：バイパス通
路、２８：バイパス弁、２９ニスタツク用冷媒供給弁、
３０：気化用ヒータ。FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a fuel cell power generation apparatus equipped with a methanol vaporization heat exchanger according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a conventional fuel cell power generation apparatus. 1: Raw material tank, 5: Second raw material pump, 6: Third raw material pump, 7: Reformer, 9: Reformer burner, 11: Start-up burner, 12: Start-up heat exchanger, 14: Liquid refrigerant pump, 15: Fuel cell stack, 21: Cooling plate, 24: Second
heat exchanger, 25: third heat exchanger, 27: bypass passage, 28: bypass valve, 29 refrigerant supply valve for stack,
30: Vaporization heater.
Claims (1)
ル等のアルコール原料が供給される改質器と、この改質
器により前記原料が改質されて供給される燃料極および
ファンによって空気が供給される空気極を備え、液冷媒
で冷却される冷却板を内蔵した燃料電池スタックとより
なり、前記改質器は前記原料タンクより第２の原料ポン
プを介して原料が供給される改質器バーナを、前記燃料
電池は前記原料タンクより第３の原料ポンプを介して原
料が供給され前記液冷媒を加熱する起動用熱交換器の起
動用バーナを有する燃料電池発電装置において、前記第
２の原料ポンプと前記改質器バーナとの間の原料供給ラ
イン内と、前記第３の原料ポンプと前記起動用バーナと
の間の原料供給ライン内とに前記原料と前記液冷媒との
熱を交換する第２と第３の熱交換器と、前記第３の熱交
換器と前記起動用バーナとの間の原料供給ラインに気化
用ヒータと、前記燃料電池スタック内の冷却板の冷媒入
口にスタック用冷媒供給弁と、このスタック用冷媒供給
弁の冷媒入口と前記燃料電池スタック内の冷却板の冷媒
出口とを接続するバイパス通路と、このバイパス通路内
にバイパス弁とを設けてなることを特徴とする燃料電池
発電装置。1) A reformer to which an alcohol raw material such as methanol is supplied from a raw material tank via a first raw material pump, and air is supplied by a fuel electrode and a fan to which the raw material is reformed and supplied by this reformer. The reformer is a fuel cell stack having a built-in cooling plate cooled by a liquid refrigerant, and the reformer is supplied with raw material from the raw material tank via a second raw material pump. In the fuel cell power generating apparatus, the fuel cell has a starting burner of a starting heat exchanger that is supplied with raw material from the raw material tank via a third raw material pump and heats the liquid refrigerant. Heat is exchanged between the raw material and the liquid refrigerant in a raw material supply line between the raw material pump and the reformer burner and in a raw material supply line between the third raw material pump and the startup burner. a vaporizing heater in the raw material supply line between the third heat exchanger and the startup burner, and a stack at the refrigerant inlet of the cooling plate in the fuel cell stack. A refrigerant supply valve for the fuel cell, a bypass passage connecting the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant supply valve for the stack and a refrigerant outlet of the cooling plate in the fuel cell stack, and a bypass valve provided in the bypass passage. A fuel cell power generation device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1016796A JPH0828228B2 (en) | 1989-01-26 | 1989-01-26 | Fuel cell generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1016796A JPH0828228B2 (en) | 1989-01-26 | 1989-01-26 | Fuel cell generator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02197057A true JPH02197057A (en) | 1990-08-03 |
| JPH0828228B2 JPH0828228B2 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
Family
ID=11926126
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1016796A Expired - Lifetime JPH0828228B2 (en) | 1989-01-26 | 1989-01-26 | Fuel cell generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0828228B2 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19931062B4 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2004-02-12 | P21 - Power For The 21St Century Gmbh | Arrangement for heating / cooling a fuel cell and fuel cell system and their use |
| US6756143B2 (en) | 2000-11-08 | 2004-06-29 | Ballard Power Systems Ag | Fuel cell system and method for starting a fuel cell system |
| WO2005069420A1 (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-28 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system |
| DE10018139B4 (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2006-07-13 | Toyota Jidosha K.K., Toyota | Fuel cell system with a temperature control |
| WO2008041528A1 (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2008-04-10 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel cell system |
| CN104835977A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-12 | 深圳伊腾得新能源有限公司 | Fuel-cell power generation device using methanol water to achieve preheating and heat dissipation effect |
| CN117080485A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2023-11-17 | 康明斯新能源动力(上海)有限公司 | Cooling liquid heating device and heating loop for fuel cell engine |
-
1989
- 1989-01-26 JP JP1016796A patent/JPH0828228B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10018139B4 (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2006-07-13 | Toyota Jidosha K.K., Toyota | Fuel cell system with a temperature control |
| DE19931062B4 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2004-02-12 | P21 - Power For The 21St Century Gmbh | Arrangement for heating / cooling a fuel cell and fuel cell system and their use |
| US6756143B2 (en) | 2000-11-08 | 2004-06-29 | Ballard Power Systems Ag | Fuel cell system and method for starting a fuel cell system |
| WO2005069420A1 (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-28 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system |
| US7132184B2 (en) | 2004-01-19 | 2006-11-07 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system |
| WO2008041528A1 (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2008-04-10 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel cell system |
| JPWO2008041528A1 (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2010-02-04 | パナソニック株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| JP4584337B2 (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2010-11-17 | パナソニック株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| US8241807B2 (en) | 2006-09-26 | 2012-08-14 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel cell system |
| CN104835977A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-12 | 深圳伊腾得新能源有限公司 | Fuel-cell power generation device using methanol water to achieve preheating and heat dissipation effect |
| CN117080485A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2023-11-17 | 康明斯新能源动力(上海)有限公司 | Cooling liquid heating device and heating loop for fuel cell engine |
| CN117080485B (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-02-06 | 康明斯新能源动力(上海)有限公司 | Cooling liquid heating device and heating loop for fuel cell engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0828228B2 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
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