JPH01314693A - Tilting device for outboard engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To support an outboard engine at a random position, to absorb impact of collision against an object and to support the outboard engine properly even during reverse rotation by communicating oil chambers on the both sides of the piston of a hydraulic cylinder for supporting the outboard engine rotatably with an oil sump through valves, and arranging a manual hydraulic pump and a valve in parallel at the oil chamber at the opposite side from the piston rod. CONSTITUTION:Oil chambers 6, 7 defined on the both sides of the piston 5 of a hydraulic cylinder 1 for supporting an outboard engine rotatably are coupled respectively through valves 13, 11 with an accumulator 14, and a manual hydraulic pump 9 for pressure feeding working oil of the accumulator 14 is provided through a check valve 26 to the oil chamber 7 at the opposite side from a piston rod 3. Consequently, the outboard engine is moved up and down through driving of the hydraulic pump 9 and switching operation of the valves 11, 13 and supported at random positions, while impact of collision against an obstacle is absorbed and the outboard machine can be supported properly even during reverse rotation.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field).

The present invention relates to an improvement in a tilt device for rotating and supporting an outboard motor for a boat.

(Prior art) A device for rotating an outboard motor, which is attached to the hull (or stern) of a boat so that it can rotate vertically, between a propulsion position and a pulling position, and for supporting it at any rotational position. As,
For example, a hydraulic tilt device as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is known (Utility Model Application No. 59-50893).

A double-acting hydraulic cylinder 1 is interposed between the outboard motor 42 and the hull 41, which are attached to the hull 41 via a hinge 43 so as to freely rotate vertically, and the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected to a hydraulic pump. The oil chambers 6 and 7 on both sides of the piston 5 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 are connected to the suction port and discharge port of the hydraulic pump 30 via pilot and check valves 31 and 32, respectively. ing.

The hydraulic pump 30 is connected to a motor 33 so as to be operable in both forward and reverse directions, and the piston rod 3 connected to the piston 5 is driven in the extension or contraction direction by alternating the discharge port and the suction port depending on the direction of rotation. The outer machine 42 is rotated. Also,
When the operation of the hydraulic pump 30 is stopped, the pilot circuit 3
The check valves 31 and 32 with pilots, in which 1A and 32A are arranged in an intersecting manner, close together to cut off the flow of hydraulic oil into and out of the oil chambers 6 and 7, so the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is stopped, and the outboard motor 42 remains at that position. Supported.

Furthermore, the outboard motor 4 supported in the propulsion position in this manner
In contrast to 2, when an obstacle such as driftwood collides during navigation, the outboard motor 42 is temporarily rotated in three directions in response to the impact.
In order to overcome obstacles while alleviating the impact, an oil chamber 6 and a check valve 3 are provided on the piston rod 3 side in the cylinder body 2.
1, relief valves 34 and 35 communicating with the tank 21 and having different relief pressures are interposed in parallel. These relief valves 34 and 35 open in sequence in response to the rise in pressure in the oil chamber 6 due to impact, allowing the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber 6 to escape to the tank 21 and allowing the piston 5 to slide toward the extension side. , is transmitted to piston rod 3! [to absorb. On the other hand, as the piston 5 slides toward the extension side, the oil chamber 7 on the opposite side becomes negative pressure, and after the shock is absorbed, this negative pressure returns the piston 5 to its original position, and the oil chamber 7 on the opposite side becomes Rotate the outer motor to its original supporting position. Incidentally, as the piston 5 returns, the hydraulic oil in the tank 21 flows back into the oil chamber 6 via the check valve 36.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) By the way, when the outboard motor 8!42 is rotated in the reverse direction to brake the boat while it is moving forward or to move the boat backwards, the reaction force of the propulsive force acts backwards on the outboard motor 42, causing the boat to move backward. An extension load acts on the piston rod 3 that supports the outer 1f 142, but in order to be able to hold the outboard motor 42 in a predetermined position against the extension load in this tilt device, the oil chamber 6 and the tank 21 must be The relief pressure of the low-pressure side relief valve 34 interposed between the two must be set high.

However, if this relief pressure is set too high, there is a risk that the above-mentioned buffering function and obstacle avoidance function during normal navigation will be impaired. It was difficult to set the relief pressure of the relief valve 34.

In addition, in this tilt device, since the oil amount in the cylinder body 2 changes as the piston 5 slides, check valves 37 and 38 are installed between the oil chambers 6 and 7 and the tank 21 to compensate for this oil amount fluctuation. It is also necessary to provide relief valves 39 and 40, which poses the problem of complicating the configuration of the device.

In view of the above-mentioned problems with hydraulic tilt devices, the present invention fully satisfies both the buffering function against collisions with obstacles and the supporting function for a reversely rotating outboard motor, and also improves the structure. The purpose is to provide a simple tilt device.

(Means for Achieving the Object) The present invention includes attaching an outboard cylinder rotatably to the hull in the vertical direction, connecting the cylinder body of a hydraulic cylinder to the hull and a piston housed in the cylinder body, and connecting the cylinder body to the cylinder body. The piston rods that freely slide and protrude are respectively connected to the outboard motor, and hydraulic oil is supplied from a hydraulic pump to the oil chamber on the opposite side of the piston rod among the oil chambers defined on both sides of the piston of the cylinder body. In a tilt device for an outboard motor that extends and drives a piston rod, an oil chamber containing hydraulic oil and a gas for pressurizing the hydraulic oil is connected to the oil chambers on both sides of the piston in the cylinder body through valves. A piston having a reservoir chamber and slidably fitting inside a cylindrical pump body of a hydraulic pump; a plunger slidingly passing through the piston and supporting the piston via a spring; An operating lever that drives the plunger in the axial direction when operated, and an oil chamber that is defined inside the pump body by the plunger and the piston, and that expands and contracts as the plunger and piston move in the axial direction to suck in, pressurize, and discharge hydraulic oil. The hydraulic pump is connected in parallel to the valve that communicates the oil reservoir chamber with the oil chamber on the opposite side of the piston rod of the cylinder body.

(Function) When the operating lever of the hydraulic pump is operated to drive the plunger in the axial direction, the hydraulic oil in the oil reservoir chamber is sucked into the oil chamber in the pump body, and after being pressurized, it is transferred to the side opposite to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. is supplied to the oil chamber. The hydraulic cylinder is expanded by this supply of hydraulic oil and rotates the outboard motor upward. At this time, the piston supported by the plunger of the hydraulic pump via a spring contracts in response to the pressure in the oil chamber in the pump body, increasing or decreasing the pump discharge amount, thereby reducing the operating force of the operating lever in response to the increase in load. Control the increase.

On the other hand, when the valve parallel to this hydraulic pump is opened, the outboard motor contracts the hydraulic cylinder due to its own weight, allowing hydraulic oil to flow from the oil chamber on the opposite side of the piston rod to the oil reservoir chamber, and rotates downward. do.

In addition, the valve installed between the oil chamber on the piston rod side and the oil reservoir chamber, when open, responds to changes in the volume of the oil chamber on the piston rod side due to expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder. In addition to circulating hydraulic oil between the two, when an obstacle hits the outboard motor during navigation, the outboard motor rotates upward by allowing the hydraulic cylinder to expand due to the impact load.
Pass obstacles backwards to reduce impact.

Furthermore, when this valve is closed, the oil chamber on the piston rod side becomes in an oil-locked state against the extension load. When rotating the outboard motor in reverse, the reaction force of the outboard motor's propulsive force exerts an extension load on the hydraulic cylinder via the outboard motor, but this oil lock prevents the extension of the hydraulic cylinder and causes the outboard motor to The machine is held in place.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

1 is a hydraulic cylinder installed between the hull and the outboard motor; the base end of the cylinder body 2 is fixed to the hull via a bracket 8; A protruding end of the piston rod 3 is attached to the outboard motor via a bracket 4. A piston 5 is coupled to the end of the piston rod 3 inside the cylinder body 2, and the inside of the cylinder body 2 is defined by the piston 5 into an oil chamber 6 on the piston rod 3 side and an oil chamber 7 on the opposite side. Ru.

A manual hydraulic pump 9 independent from this hydraulic cylinder 1
and an accumulator 14 as an oil reservoir chamber. The accumulator 14 is formed into a double cylinder type, and gas is sealed above the oil level of the hydraulic oil stored in an inner oil chamber 114A and an outer oil chamber 14B. In addition, oil chamber 14A
and 14B communicate with each other at the upper end of the accumulator 14, and a free piston 15 defines a space between the gas in the oil chamber 14A and the hydraulic oil.

The oil chamber 6 on the piston rod 3 side of the hydraulic cylinder 1 communicates with the oil chamber 14A of the accumulator 14 via a valve 13 provided in the hollow portion 3A of the piston rod 3.

The valve 13 is biased from the oil chamber 6 side toward the oil chamber 14A side by a spring 16 housed in the hollow portion 3A, and is held in the closed position. In order to forcibly open this valve 13 by an external operation, a bushing rod 17 is inserted from the bracket 4 into the hollow portion 3A of the piston rod 3 facing the valve 13. This bushing rod 17 is rotatably supported by the bracket 4 for operation.
It is driven in the axial direction via a cam 19 integrated with 1 and 8, and opens the valve 13 against the spring 16.

The hydraulic pump 9 operates in an oil chamber 23 in the pump body 20 by the axial displacement of a piston 21 that slides on the inside of a cylindrical pump body 20 and a plunger 22 that freely slides through the center of the piston 21. It is a dual pump that sucks in oil and pressurizes it. A plunger 22 is connected to an operating lever that can freely rotate up and down, and a piston 21 is supported by the plunger 22 via a spring 25. Oil chamber 2
3 is a check valve 10 provided at the bottom of the pump body 20.
It communicates with the oil chamber 7 on the opposite side of the piston rod 3 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 through the piston rod 3, and communicates with the oil chamber 14B outside the accumulator 14 through a check valve 26 also provided at the bottom of the pump body 20.

Note that the check valve 10 only allows oil to flow from the oil chamber 23 to the oil chamber 7 at a pressure above a certain level;
6 only allows oil to flow from the oil chamber 14B to the oil chamber 23.

A valve 11 is further provided at the bottom of the pump body 20 to communicate the oil chamber 7 with the oil chamber 14B of the accumulator 14. This valve 11 is a needle valve that opens and closes in response to the rotation of a dial IIA provided on the outside of the pump body 20. Next, the effect will be explained.

To rotate the outboard motor upward, close the valve 11, open the valve 13, and then turn the operating lever 2 of the hydraulic pump 9.
Press down on 4. As a result, the plunger 22 connected to the operating lever 24 enters the pump body 20, and the piston 2 supported by the plunger 22 via the spring 25
1 also slides downward along the pump body 20, and the oil chamber 2
3 is pressurized, the check valve 10 is pushed open, and the hydraulic oil is supplied to the oil chamber 7. On the other hand, when the operating lever 24 is rotated upward, the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber 14B of the accumulator 14 is sucked into the expanding oil chamber 23 via the check valve 26 as the plunger 22 and piston 21 slide upward. It will be done. Therefore, by repeating the vertical rotation operation of the operating lever 24, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is extended, and the outboard motor supported by the piston rod 3 is rotated upward.

Incidentally, in still water, the load applied to the hydraulic cylinder 1 is only a compressive load due to the weight of the outboard motor, but during navigation, a compressive load due to the reaction force of the propulsive force is added to this load. In other words, when rotating the outboard motor with it stopped, the hydraulic cylinder 1
The compressive load applied to the hydraulic pump 9 is small, and the hydraulic pump 9 can be easily driven. However, when adjusting the support position of the outboard motor while sailing, for example, the oil chamber 7 becomes higher, and the driving force required to extend the piston rod 3 also becomes larger. However, in this hydraulic pump 9, when the operating lever 24 is pushed down, the spring 25 supporting the piston 21 is bent in response to the increased pressure in the oil chamber 23, and only the plunger 22 enters the pump body 20 during this time. In other words, the oil chamber 23 contracts only by the volume entered by the plunger 22, and the discharge amount due to one rotation of the operating lever 24 decreases, but the increase in the force required for rotating the operating lever 24 is suppressed. Even while sailing, the support position of the outboard motor can be adjusted with almost the same operating force as in still water.

Now, when the drive of the hydraulic pump 9 is stopped, the rotation of the outboard motor is also stopped. In this case, the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber 7 is
Since the piston rod 3 is prevented from flowing out by the valve 11 in the closed state and the piston 5 is locked from sliding toward the compression side, the piston rod 3 is supported at the stop position against the compression load.

In addition, the operator must turn valve 1 to rotate the outboard motor downward.
This is done by opening 1. Piston 5 has piston rod 3
When the valve 11 opens, the piston 5 slides in the compression direction while causing the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber 7 to flow out into the oil chamber 14B of the accumulator 14. do. As a result, the piston rod 3 contracts and the outboard motor rotates downward. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber 14A of the accumulator 14 flows into the expanding oil chamber 6 via the open valve 13.

In addition, in this state, the accumulator 14 is installed in the oil chambers 6 and 7.
The two gas pressures act equally and exert an upward force on the piston 5 due to the difference in pressure receiving area. This force acts in the opposite direction to the compressive load due to the outboard motor's own weight, and prevents the piston rod 3 from rapidly contracting, so that the outboard motor rotates at an appropriate speed.

Further, if the valve 11 is closed during rotation, the oil chamber 7 becomes oil-locked again, and the outboard motor is supported at an arbitrary position.

Normal operation of the outboard motor is carried out with the outboard motor supported at a propulsion position where the hydraulic cylinder 1 is in the maximum compression state, or at any position during rotation depending on the depth of the water. When an obstacle such as driftwood collides with the outboard motor during navigation, the outboard motor receives a backward impact and an extension load acts on the piston rod 3 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 that supports the outboard motor. On the other hand, the piston 5 connected to the piston rod 3 supplies the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber 6 to the oil chamber 14A of the accumulator 14 through the valve 13.
Slide it to the growth side while letting it flow into the air. As a result, the outboard motor temporarily rotates upward, passing the obstacle it collided with backwards and alleviating the impact.

As the piston 5 slides toward the extension side, the other oil chamber 7 within the cylinder body 2 expands and becomes negative pressure. At this time, the pressure of accumulator 1 increased due to the inflow of hydraulic oil.
If the pressure difference between the piston 4 and the negative pressure oil chamber 7 is less than the opening pressure of the check valve 10, the check valve 10 will not open, and the piston 5 will be released from the expansion load caused by the impact, and then the oil chamber 7 will open. The negative pressure causes the outboard motor to return to its supporting position before sliding, and the outboard motor, which had been rotating upward, also returns to the same position as before the collision, and is supported again at that position.

However, when the pressure difference between the accumulator 14 and the oil chamber 7 exceeds the opening pressure of the check valve 10, the check valve 10 opens.
The hydraulic oil of the accumulator 14 is caused to flow into the oil chamber 7 to suppress an abnormal increase in the pressure of the accumulator 14. In this case, even after the impact has been buffered, the piston 5 does not return to its original position, and the outboard motor continues to rotate upward.

The operating characteristics of the hydraulic cylinder 1 when the outboard motor collides with an obstacle are arbitrarily set by the opening pressure of the check valve 10.

Incidentally, when braking a boat moving forward or rotating the outboard motor in reverse to move the boat backward, the operator closes the valve 13. In this case, the reaction force of the propulsive force of the outboard motor acts backwards on the outboard motor, exerting an extension load on the hydraulic cylinder 1. However, the closed valve 13 prevents the hydraulic oil from flowing out from the oil chamber 6 and locks the piston 5 from sliding toward the extension side. The outboard motor is held in a fixed support position.

In each of the above-mentioned operations of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the hydraulic oil flows exclusively through the oil chambers 6 and 7 in the cylinder body 2 and the sealed accumulator 14, so that the hydraulic oil does not leak out of the device. There is also no need to supply hydraulic oil from outside.

In addition, the oil chamber 14A of the accumulator 14,! =14B
It is also possible to form them integrally without separating them.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention connects each oil chamber and oil reservoir chamber defined on both sides of the piston of a hydraulic cylinder that rotatably supports an outboard motor through valves, and A manual hydraulic pump is installed in parallel with the valve to supply pressurized hydraulic oil from the oil sump chamber to the oil chamber on the opposite side of the rod, so the outboard motor can be moved up and down by driving the hydraulic pump and switching the valve repeatedly. It is possible to support the outboard motor at any position during rotation, buffer collisions with obstacles, and even appropriately support the outboard motor when it is rotating in the opposite direction.

In addition, since the hydraulic pump is a dual-action pump that pressurizes the hydraulic oil with a plunger and a piston that follows it, the operating force of the hydraulic pump can be suppressed in response to an increase in load, and the outboard motor can be operated with a small operating force. Can be rotated.

Furthermore, since this hydraulic pump is a manual type, no driving device is required, and the hydraulic oil only flows between the cylinder body and the oil reservoir chamber. Therefore, the entire tilting device is compact and can be installed at low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tilt device showing an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is also a hydraulic circuit diagram. Further, FIG. 3 is a side view of the rear part of the hull showing a general installation situation of the tilt device, and FIG. 4 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the tilt device showing a conventional example. 1... Hydraulic cylinder, 2... Cylinder body, 3...
・Piston rod, 5... Piston, 6, 7... Oil chamber, 9... Hydraulic pump, 11.13... Valve, 1
4...Accumulator, 20...Pump body,
21...Piston, 22...Plunger, 23...
・Oil chamber, 24...operation lever, 25...spring. Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] The outboard motor is attached to the hull so that it can rotate vertically, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is attached to the hull, and the piston rod that is connected to the piston housed in the cylinder body and freely protrudes from the cylinder body is attached to the outboard motor. An outboard motor in which hydraulic oil is supplied from a hydraulic pump to an oil chamber defined on both sides of a piston in a cylinder body on the opposite side of the piston rod, and the piston rod is driven to extend. The tilting device is equipped with an oil reservoir chamber filled with hydraulic oil and gas for pressurizing the hydraulic oil, which communicates with the oil chambers on both sides of the piston of the cylinder body via valves, and a hydraulic pump is connected to a cylindrical pump. A piston that is slidably fitted inside the body, a plunger that freely slides through the piston and supports the piston via a spring, and an operating lever that manually drives the plunger in the axial direction. The hydraulic pump consists of an oil chamber that is defined inside the pump body by a plunger and a piston, and that expands and contracts as the plunger and piston move in the axial direction to suck in, pressurize, and discharge hydraulic oil. A tilt device for an outboard motor, characterized in that the piston rod is connected in parallel with the valve that communicates with the oil chamber on the opposite side.