JPH01281005A - Method fertilizer application - Google Patents

Method fertilizer application

Info

Publication number
JPH01281005A
JPH01281005A JP11113288A JP11113288A JPH01281005A JP H01281005 A JPH01281005 A JP H01281005A JP 11113288 A JP11113288 A JP 11113288A JP 11113288 A JP11113288 A JP 11113288A JP H01281005 A JPH01281005 A JP H01281005A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
fertilization
seeding
sowing
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP11113288A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2639688B2 (en
Inventor
Kiyoshi Takagi
高城 清
Yoshihisa Yurino
善久 百合野
Hiroaki Yamazaki
弘章 山崎
福元 坦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Agricultural Machinery Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Agricultural Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Agricultural Machinery Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Agricultural Machinery Co Ltd
Priority to JP63111132A priority Critical patent/JP2639688B2/en
Publication of JPH01281005A publication Critical patent/JPH01281005A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2639688B2 publication Critical patent/JP2639688B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent waste of fertilizer and reduce the number of additional manure by applying fertilizer at two positions of top and bottom under a seed sowed in a line shape in such a way that the upper part application may be intermittently carried out at a position directly under the seeding position. CONSTITUTION:A fertilizer is applied in a double line shape of top and bottom under a seed or a seedling by upper nozzles 26 and 26 and lower nozzles 27 and 27 of a fertilizer distributor. At least the upper application is intermittently carried out so that fertilizer must not be applied at a shallow layer between respectively adjacent seeded or planted positions. The application at the upper part from the direction perpendicularly intersecting the line of seeded or planted positions is carried out directly under the seeded or planted position so that the fertilizer may be rapidly absorbed in an early-growth stage of the roots of the seeds or the seedlings.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (イ)産業上の利用分野 本発明は圃場に播種した種子又は植付けた苗に対して施
肥する施1把方法に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a method for applying fertilizer to seeds sown in a field or seedlings planted.

(ロ)従来技術 従来、圃場において列状に播種した種子又は植付けた苗
に対する施肥は、−側又は直下に一条のみであった命 (ハ)発明が解決しようとする問題点 前記既知の施肥方法は、施肥位置が浅いと、作物は初期
には良く生育するが、その根は斜め下方へ伸長するので
1株間に施した肥料は拡散したものを除き大部分が吸収
されないので無駄になり、生育の中期乃至後期には根が
施肥されていない部分に伸長するので、生育が著しく遅
れて減収になる。そのため、速やかに追肥する必要があ
り、作業量が多くなる等の問題点があった。
(b) Prior art Conventionally, seeds sown in rows or seedlings planted in a field were fertilized only in one row on the negative side or directly below (c) Problems to be solved by the invention The above-mentioned known fertilization method If the fertilizer is applied at a shallow location, the crop will grow well in the early stages, but as the roots grow diagonally downward, most of the fertilizer applied between each plant will not be absorbed except for what is dispersed, resulting in a waste of fertilizer and growth. In the middle to late stages of the season, roots extend into areas that have not been fertilized, resulting in significantly delayed growth and reduced yields. Therefore, there was a problem that it was necessary to quickly add fertilizer, which increased the amount of work.

また、施肥位置を深くすると、作物の初期生育が遅れる
という重大な問題点があった。
In addition, there is a serious problem in that if the fertilizer is applied at a deeper position, the initial growth of crops is delayed.

(ニ)問題点を解決するための手段 本発明は種子又は苗を圃場に一定の間隔をおいて列状に
播種又は植付け、それより下方に上下2段に施肥し、少
なくとも上段の施肥は間欠的にすると共に前記列と直交
する方向からみて播種位置又は植付位置の直下にするこ
とにより前述の問題点を解決した。
(d) Means for solving the problem The present invention involves sowing or planting seeds or seedlings in rows at regular intervals in a field, and fertilizing in two stages below the rows, with at least the upper row being fertilized intermittently. The above-mentioned problem was solved by making the seedlings directly below the sowing position or planting position when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the rows.

(ホ)作用 機体を走行させ、播種又は植付を行ないながら施肥を行
なう。
(e) Fertilize while sowing or planting by driving the working machine.

その際、播種位置又は植付位置の下部近傍位i1(上段
)に限定的な施肥が行なわれ、相隣る播種位置又は植付
位置の中間の浅い部分には施肥されない。
At this time, fertilization is limited to a position i1 (upper stage) near the lower part of the sowing position or planting position, and is not fertilized to a shallow part between adjacent sowing positions or planting positions.

また、深い位置(下段)にも施肥される。Fertilization is also applied to deep areas (lower levels).

そして、播種した種子が発芽して生育するか、又は植付
けた苗が生育してその根が伸長し始めると、上段の肥料
を吸収して良好な初期生育を行ない、生育の中期には更
に伸長した根が下段に施肥された肥料を吸収して順調に
成長する。
When the sown seeds germinate and grow, or the planted seedlings grow and their roots begin to elongate, they absorb the fertilizer in the upper layer and achieve good initial growth, and further elongate during the middle stage of growth. The roots absorb the fertilizer applied to the lower layer and grow smoothly.

(へ)実施例 本発明の一実施例を図面について説明すると1作業機の
機体1はトラクタ等の牽引車に。
(F) Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.The body 1 of a working machine is a towing vehicle such as a tractor.

トップリンク2とロアリンク3.3とにより昇降可能に
連結し、前記機体lには施肥装置5と播種装置6とを装
着してあり、前部両側のブラケー、ドア、7により六角
軸8を支承し、2枚−組の円板からなる左右一対のコー
ルタ10.10を回転自在に支持している支軸tOaに
六角パイプとそれに摺動可能に嵌挿した六角柱からなる
支持部材10bを第18図に示す如く立設し、その上端
の六角ボス11.11を第2図に示すように前記六角軸
8の両側部に嵌合して移動調節可能にポル)12.12
にて止着してあり、3個のカラー9a、9b、9cの嵌
合位置を変更することにより左右のコールタ10.10
の間隔を4段階に調節することができ、・かつ、支持部
材10bを伸縮調節して止めビン10cを複数の孔のい
ずれかに挿通ずることにより高さ調節することができ、
これによりコールタlO・・をスタンドとして利用する
ことができると共に後述する上下の施肥ノズルの深さに
応じて高さ調節して施肥ノズルが損傷するのを防止する
ことができる。しかもそれを機体lの最前部の両側に左
右一対ずつ配設することで装置全体の安定を良くするこ
とができる。
A top link 2 and a lower link 3.3 connect the machine so that it can be raised and lowered, and a fertilizing device 5 and a seeding device 6 are attached to the machine body 1. A hexagonal shaft 8 is connected to a hexagonal shaft 8 by brackets, doors, and 7 on both sides of the front part. A support member 10b consisting of a hexagonal pipe and a hexagonal column slidably fitted therein is attached to a support shaft tOa which rotatably supports a pair of left and right coulters 10.10 consisting of a set of two discs. As shown in FIG. 18, the hexagonal boss 11.11 at the upper end of the hexagonal boss 11.11 is fitted to both sides of the hexagonal shaft 8 as shown in FIG. 2 so that the movement can be adjusted.
By changing the fitting position of the three collars 9a, 9b, and 9c, the left and right coulter 10.10
The spacing can be adjusted in four stages, and the height can be adjusted by adjusting the expansion and contraction of the support member 10b and inserting the stopper pin 10c into any of the plurality of holes,
This makes it possible to use the coulter lO as a stand, and also to prevent damage to the fertilizing nozzles by adjusting the height according to the depth of the upper and lower fertilizing nozzles, which will be described later. Moreover, by arranging a pair of these on both sides of the frontmost part of the fuselage l, the stability of the entire apparatus can be improved.

前記機体1の前端下部の機幅の中央には、多数のラグを
有する接地輪13を軸支し、機体1の前後方向の中間部
両側にゲージホイル15.15の支持腕16.!θを上
下調節可能に支持し、その後部内側に2枚−組にすると
共に後部を拡開させてなる溝切ディスク17.17をそ
れぞれ配設し。
A grounding wheel 13 having a large number of lugs is pivotally supported at the center of the width of the lower front end of the fuselage 1, and support arms 16 of gauge wheels 15, 15 are mounted on both sides of the intermediate portion of the fuselage 1 in the longitudinal direction. ! θ is supported in a vertically adjustable manner, and groove cutting disks 17 and 17 each formed of a set of two disks and whose rear portions are expanded are disposed inside the rear portions thereof.

それらの後方には前後で組をなす覆土輪18.18及び
鎮圧輪20 、20を軸支してあり、該鎮圧輪20の支
持アーム20′は第20図に示す如くブラケット20a
に上下調節可能に螺着してあり、該ブラケット20aは
下端前面に機体lの後端と当接するストッパー20Cを
有していて支点ビン20bにより上下傾動可能に枢支さ
れ、播種する種子の種類、深さに応じた最適の鎮圧を図
るべくバランヌウエート19を前後調節可能に装着した
支持杆19aは前部に垂下部を有し、この垂下部を前記
ブラケット20aに嵌挿しである。
Behind them, a soil cover ring 18.18 and a pressure wheel 20, 20, which form a front and rear pair, are pivotally supported, and the support arm 20' of the pressure wheel 20 is supported by a bracket 20a as shown in FIG.
The bracket 20a has a stopper 20C on the front surface of the lower end that comes into contact with the rear end of the machine body l, and is pivoted by a fulcrum bin 20b so as to be tiltable up and down, so that the type of seeds to be sown can be adjusted. The support rod 19a, on which the balannu weight 19 is attached so as to be adjustable back and forth in order to achieve optimal compression according to the depth, has a hanging part at the front part, and this hanging part is inserted into the bracket 20a.

前記施肥装置5は肥料タンク21と、その排出口にサク
ションホース22 、22により接続されていて6個の
ねじポンプを集合させてなる複数の施肥ポンプ23.2
3 (粒状肥料の場合は繰出装置とする)と、機体lの
両側にそれぞれ上下傾動XA節可能取付けた上段調節板
24φ・及び上段調節板25,25と、それらの調節板
24 、25・φにそれぞれ固定されていて上段ノズル
28及び下段ノズル27からなる施肥用の対地付加手段
Aとで構成されている。
The fertilization device 5 includes a fertilizer tank 21 and a plurality of fertilization pumps 23.2 connected to the discharge port thereof by suction hoses 22, 22, and consisting of a collection of six screw pumps.
3 (in the case of granular fertilizer, it will be a feeding device), upper adjustment plates 24φ and 25, 25, and those adjustment plates 24, 25 and 25, respectively, which are attached to both sides of the machine body so that they can tilt up and down. The soil application means A for fertilization consists of an upper nozzle 28 and a lower nozzle 27, which are respectively fixed to the ground.

播種装置6は特願昭62−82383号として出願した
播種装置と同様に構成してあり、野菜その他の種子を収
納する種子タンク28に連通させた種子室30内に、吸
出ノズル31・・を放射状に支軸し、その軸支部に設け
た切換弁を、真空ポンプ32に負圧タンク及び正圧タン
クを介して接続して、前記吸出ノズル31・轡により適
数個の種子を吸出して対地付加手段Bとなる播種管33
に排出するようにしたものである。
The seeding device 6 has the same structure as the seeding device filed in Japanese Patent Application No. 1982-82383, and includes a suction nozzle 31 in a seed chamber 30 communicating with a seed tank 28 for storing vegetables and other seeds. The shafts are radially supported, and a switching valve provided on the shaft is connected to the vacuum pump 32 through a negative pressure tank and a positive pressure tank, and the suction nozzle 31 sucks out an appropriate number of seeds and sends them to the ground. Seeding pipe 33 serving as additional means B
It was designed to be discharged at

次ぎに伝動装置について説明すると1機体1の前部中央
に設けた伝動ケース35の入力軸36はトラクタの後部
ミッションケースから後方へ突出したPTO軸にヨーク
ジヨイントにより連動連結してあり、上記伝動ケース3
5から突出した左右の駆動軸37.37に取付けたスプ
ロケットとそれらの下方に支架した変速入力軸38a、
38bのスプロケットとにチェ739.39を掛けて連
動させ、一方の変速入力軸38aとその後方の変速出力
軸40aとを割プーリー型の無段変速装置41aを介し
て連動連繋し、この変速出力軸40aは、そのすぐ後方
の中間軸42.チェ743及び左右のチェ744,44
及び各スプロケットを介して前記施肥ポンプ23.23
を駆動し、他方の変速入力軸38bとその後方の変速出
力軸40bとを割プーリー型の無段変速装置41bを介
し七連動連繋し、この変速出力軸40bは、その直下の
中間軸45、その後方の中間軸46、それらの軸に取付
けたスプロケット及びチェ747.48.50を介して
前記播種装置6.6の入力スプロケッl−51゜51を
駆動する。
Next, to explain the transmission device, the input shaft 36 of the transmission case 35 provided at the center of the front part of the machine body 1 is interlocked and connected to the PTO shaft protruding rearward from the rear transmission case of the tractor by a yoke joint.
Sprockets attached to left and right drive shafts 37 and 37 protruding from 5, and a speed change input shaft 38a supported below them,
A check 739.39 is interlocked with the sprocket 38b, and one speed change input shaft 38a and the speed change output shaft 40a behind it are interlocked via a split pulley type continuously variable transmission 41a, and this speed change output is The shaft 40a is connected to an intermediate shaft 42. directly behind it. Che 743 and left and right Che 744, 44
and said fertilizer pump 23.23 through each sprocket.
The other speed change input shaft 38b and the speed change output shaft 40b behind it are connected to each other via a split pulley type continuously variable transmission 41b, and this speed change output shaft 40b is connected to an intermediate shaft 45 immediately below it, The input sprocket 1-51.51 of the seeding device 6.6 is driven via the rear intermediate shaft 46, sprockets and chains 747, 48, 50 mounted on these shafts.

上記無段変速装置41a、41bは並列配置されている
ため伝動ケース35からの伝動を同様な方法で簡単に行
なうことができる。
Since the continuously variable transmissions 41a and 41b are arranged in parallel, transmission from the transmission case 35 can be easily performed in the same manner.

施肥装置5の各対地付加装置Aは第3〜5図に示す如く
機体1から垂下した平行な板からなるブラケット52の
下端の中心孔に、スペーサーを介装した状態で支点ポル
ト53を挿通すると共にその両端にそれぞれ複数のカラ
ー54−・を介して上段調節板24 、24と下段調節
板25 、25の下部の孔を遊嵌してナツト55により
締着し、前記カラー54・・の介装位置を変更すること
により第5図に示すように組をなす左右のノズル26゜
27・・の間隔を前記ゲージホイル15.15の間隔に
合せて4段階にrJRj!iすることができ、上段調節
板24の2個の丸孔に挿入したポル)58,5θをブラ
ケット52に穿設した円弧状の長孔57 、58にも挿
通してナツトso 、 6oにて締着し、下段調節板2
5の丸孔に挿通したポルトat 、 eiを上段調節板
24の前寄り上部に穿設した長孔82 、82にも挿通
してナツト63にて締着してあり、上段ノズル26 、
28は第5図に示す如く吐出口寄りを内方へ折曲して間
隔を狭くし、下段ノズル27.27(27aは土切り板
)はそのまま下方へ延出させて両者の吐出口を背面視で
台形状に配設してあり、その結果、上段ノズル2Gは第
3図のXの範囲で、また下段ノズル27はYの範囲で上
下傾動調節することができ、それらを一体重に又は別々
に傾動調節することにより!$6図(a) 、 (b)
、(c) 、 (d)に示す如く作物の種類又は圃場条
件等に応じて施肥深さをyR節することができる。
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, each ground attachment device A of the fertilizer application device 5 has a fulcrum port 53 inserted through a center hole at the lower end of a bracket 52 made of parallel plates hanging from the body 1, with a spacer interposed therebetween. The lower holes of the upper adjusting plates 24, 24 and the lower adjusting plates 25, 25 are loosely fitted into the lower holes of the upper adjusting plates 24, 24 and the lower adjusting plates 25, 25 through a plurality of collars 54, respectively, on both ends thereof, and are tightened with nuts 55. By changing the installation position, the spacing between the left and right nozzles 26, 27, etc. forming a set can be adjusted to four levels according to the spacing of the gauge foils 15, 15, as shown in FIG. The holes 58 and 5θ inserted into the two round holes of the upper adjustment plate 24 are also inserted into the arc-shaped long holes 57 and 58 drilled in the bracket 52, and then inserted into the nuts SO and 6O. Tighten and lower adjustment plate 2
The ports at and ei inserted into the round holes 5 and 5 are also inserted into the elongated holes 82 and 82 drilled in the upper front part of the upper adjustment plate 24 and tightened with nuts 63, and the upper nozzles 26 and
As shown in Fig. 5, the nozzle 28 is bent inward near the discharge port to narrow the gap, and the lower nozzle 27. As a result, the upper nozzle 2G can be tilted up and down in the range of X in FIG. 3, and the lower nozzle 27 can be adjusted in the range of Y. By adjusting the tilt separately! $6 Figure (a), (b)
As shown in , (c) and (d), the fertilization depth can be adjusted depending on the type of crop or field conditions.

また、前記施肥ポンプ23は前述のようにそれぞれ6個
のねじポンプからなり、それらの吐出口は第7図及び第
1θ図に示す如く左右で組をなす2木の下段ノズル27
 、27にそれぞれ2つずつの吐出口をホース65で接
続し、上段ノズル26゜26にはそれぞれ1個の吐出口
をホース66により接続してあり、下段ノズル27 、
27からは上段ノズル26 、2Gの2倍の肥料が吐出
され、段ノズル26に通ずるホース66に介装した電磁
切換弁67は、第11図に示すように流入ボートと2つ
の吐出ボートを有し、軸6日はロータリンレノイド68
とリターンスプリング71とにより設定した一定タイミ
ングで仕切板70を正逆に回動させ、いずれか一方の吐
出ボートを流入ボートに連通させるもので、これにより
上段ノズル28.28には第8〜9図に示す如く後述す
る播種タイミングにより播種された種子の下部両側の(
イ)位置に間欠的に施肥され、上段ノズル28に圧送さ
れなかった肥料はホース72を経て下段ノズル27のホ
ース85に脈動することなく合流して(ロ)位置に施肥
される。
The fertilization pumps 23 each consist of six screw pumps as described above, and their discharge ports are formed by two lower nozzles 27 arranged on the left and right as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 1θ.
, 27 are connected to each other by a hose 65, and each of the upper nozzles 26 and 26 is connected to one outlet by a hose 66, and the lower nozzle 27,
From the upper nozzle 27, twice as much fertilizer as 2G is discharged, and the electromagnetic switching valve 67 installed in the hose 66 leading to the upper nozzle 26 has an inflow boat and two discharge boats as shown in FIG. However, on the 6th day of the axis, rotarylinoid 68
The partition plate 70 is rotated in forward and reverse directions at a fixed timing set by the and return springs 71, and one of the discharge boats is communicated with the inflow boat. As shown in the figure, (
Fertilizer that is intermittently applied to the position (a) and not pumped to the upper nozzle 28 passes through the hose 72 and joins the hose 85 of the lower nozzle 27 without pulsating, and is applied to the position (b).

上段に施肥された肥料は第9図に示すような態様になり
、下段施肥位置へ流れ落ることなく的確に施肥される。
The fertilizer applied to the upper stage becomes as shown in Fig. 9, and is accurately applied without flowing down to the lower stage fertilizer application position.

但し、下段ノズル27に合流させて施肥しない場合は手
動切換弁73を切換てホース75により施肥ポンプ23
のサブタンク23aに還流させるようになっており、ま
た、一方の電磁切換弁θ7はロータリーソレノイド68
がONの時、回転ビン89a及びアームHbを介して電
磁切換弁67が肥料を上段ノズル26側へ圧送するよう
に切換り、同時に他方の電磁切換弁67はそれに付随す
るロータリンレノイド69がOFFでリターンスプリン
グ71により同じ側へ切換るので、左右のロータリンレ
ノイドe9 、89が同時にONになる二とがなく電力
の浪費を最少にしており、該ロータリーンレノイド88
のON時間とOFF時間との比率を設定すると共に後述
する制御を行なうと、上段ノズル26からの吐出率を第
12図に示す如く自在に選択することができる・上記の
ように一対の電磁切換弁87.67は連動されており、
単一のソレノイド69で駆動されるためタイミングのず
れがなく、左右の施肥を同一でかつ精密に行なうことが
できる。
However, if the fertilizer is not to be applied by merging with the lower nozzle 27, the manual switching valve 73 is switched and the hose 75 is connected to the fertilizing pump 23.
One of the electromagnetic switching valves θ7 is connected to a rotary solenoid 68.
When is ON, the electromagnetic switching valve 67 is switched so as to forcefully feed the fertilizer to the upper nozzle 26 side via the rotating bin 89a and the arm Hb, and at the same time, the other electromagnetic switching valve 67 is switched so that the rotary renoid 69 associated therewith is OFF. Since the left and right rotary lenoids e9 and 89 are switched to the same side by the return spring 71, the left and right rotary lenoids e9 and 89 are always turned on at the same time, minimizing power wastage.
By setting the ratio between the ON time and the OFF time and performing the control described later, the discharge rate from the upper nozzle 26 can be freely selected as shown in FIG. Valve 87.67 is interlocked;
Since it is driven by a single solenoid 69, there is no timing difference, and fertilization on the left and right sides can be performed in the same manner and precisely.

また、前記入力軸36はトラクタのPTO軸により一定
回転数で駆動されるのに対し、機体1の走行速度はトラ
クタの車輪のスリップにより変化し、施肥量及び播種間
隔は作物の種類又は圃場条件若くはその他の栽培条件等
により設定する必要があり、かつ上段の施肥位置が機体
の進行方向において前後の播種位置の間になると、その
位置には作物の根が到達しないので、肥料が無駄になる
Furthermore, while the input shaft 36 is driven at a constant rotation speed by the PTO shaft of the tractor, the traveling speed of the machine body 1 changes depending on the slip of the wheels of the tractor, and the amount of fertilizer applied and the sowing interval are determined depending on the type of crop or field conditions. Fertilization needs to be set depending on other cultivation conditions, etc., and if the upper fertilization position is between the front and rear sowing positions in the direction of movement of the machine, the roots of the crop will not reach that position, resulting in wasted fertilizer. Become.

そこで、第13図及び第14図に示すように接地輪13
の軸には接地輪回転センサー76を、肥料ポンプ駆動系
中の変速入力軸38aには入力軸回転センサー77を、
変速出力軸40aには出力軸回転センサー7日を取付け
、播種駆動系中の無段変速装置41bにも同様に入力軸
回転センサー79と、出力軸回転センサー80を取付け
、中間軸4Gには播種タイミングセンサー81を取付け
である。
Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the grounding ring 13
A ground wheel rotation sensor 76 is attached to the shaft of the fertilizer pump, and an input shaft rotation sensor 77 is attached to the variable speed input shaft 38a in the fertilizer pump drive system.
An output shaft rotation sensor 7 is attached to the variable speed output shaft 40a, an input shaft rotation sensor 79 and an output shaft rotation sensor 80 are similarly attached to the continuously variable transmission 41b in the seeding drive system, and the intermediate shaft 4G is used for seeding. The timing sensor 81 is installed.

そして、運転部に設けた施肥量設定器の設定値、播種ピ
ッチ設定器の設定値、上段ノズル26の吐出率設定器の
設定値、及び前記各センサー78、77、78.79.
80.81からの信号がマイクロコンピュータからなる
制御部に入力され、これら入力したデータに基ずいて各
無段変速装置41a 、 41bの駆動側割プーリーの
別々の制御モーター(可動手プーリに付設したカムを回
動させて駆動割プーリーの溝幅を拡縮させる)及び前記
電磁切換弁87 、87のロータリンレノイド68、θ
9に対する制御指令を出力し、施肥ポンプ23.23の
回転数、播種装置6,6の播種ピッチ、上段ノズル26
の吐出率の制御を行なうようになっている。
Then, the setting value of the fertilizer amount setting device provided in the operation section, the setting value of the sowing pitch setting device, the setting value of the discharge rate setting device of the upper stage nozzle 26, and each of the above-mentioned sensors 78, 77, 78, 79.
80. Signals from 81 are input to a control unit consisting of a microcomputer, and based on these input data, separate control motors (attached to the movable hand pulleys) for the drive side split pulleys of each continuously variable transmission 41a, 41b are input. the groove width of the drive split pulley is expanded/contracted by rotating the cam) and the rotary ring renoids 68, θ of the electromagnetic switching valves 87, 87.
9, the rotation speed of the fertilization pump 23, 23, the seeding pitch of the seeding devices 6, 6, and the upper nozzle 26.
The discharge rate is controlled.

これを更に詳述すると、施肥量制御は第15図(a)の
フローチャート図に示す如く、施肥量設定器の設定値N
、及び接地輪回転センサー7Bの回転数から車速検知値
車速Vが算出されて読み込まれ、これらの値N、Vから
施肥ポンプ23の回転数の目標値ntが算出され、出力
軸回転センサー78からの検知値により変速出力軸40
aの現在の回転数nが算出されて読み込まれる。
To explain this in more detail, the fertilizer application amount control is performed using the setting value N of the fertilizer application amount setting device, as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
, and the rotation speed of the ground contact wheel rotation sensor 7B, the vehicle speed detection value vehicle speed V is calculated and read, and from these values N and V, the target value nt of the rotation speed of the fertilization pump 23 is calculated, and from the output shaft rotation sensor 78. According to the detected value, the speed change output shaft 40
The current rotational speed n of a is calculated and read.

そして、上記回転数nが目標値nt+αより大きいかど
うかが判断され、yesならば無段変速装置41aの制
御モーターに減速信号が入力されるので、無段変速装置
41aは減速作動し、施肥ポンプ23の吐出量が減少す
る。
Then, it is determined whether the rotational speed n is larger than the target value nt+α, and if yes, a deceleration signal is input to the control motor of the continuously variable transmission 41a, so the continuously variable transmission 41a operates to decelerate the fertilizer pump. The discharge amount of 23 decreases.

また、noの判断がなされた場合、更に回転数nが目標
値nt−αより小さいかどう−が判断され、noと判断
されれば制御モーターは停止する。即ち、現在の回転数
nが目標値ntに対し許容値±αの範囲内ならが前記制
御モーターは停止し0、yesならば制御モーターに対
して増速信号が出力されて吐出量を増大させ、それが前
記許容値±αの範囲内になると制御モーターが停止する
If the determination is no, it is further determined whether the rotational speed n is smaller than the target value nt-α, and if the determination is no, the control motor is stopped. That is, if the current rotation speed n is within the range of tolerance ±α with respect to the target value nt, the control motor is stopped, and if yes, a speed increase signal is output to the control motor to increase the discharge amount. , when it falls within the range of the above-mentioned tolerance ±α, the control motor stops.

播種ピッチ制御は第15図(b)に示す如く、播種ピッ
チを運転部の播種ピッチ設定器の設定値N゛、及び施肥
量制御時と同一の接地輪回転センサー76の回転数から
車速検知値■が算出されて読み込まれ、これらの価N’
、Vから変速出力軸40bの回転数の目標値ntが算出
され、出力軸回転センサー80からの検知値により変速
出力軸40bの現在の回転数nが算出されて読み込まれ
、以r、施肥量制御と同様にして無段変速装置41bの
変速が行なわれ、設定された一定の播種ピッチで播種さ
れる。
As shown in FIG. 15(b), sowing pitch control is performed by determining the sowing pitch by using the setting value N of the sowing pitch setting device in the driving section and the vehicle speed detection value based on the rotation speed of the ground contact wheel rotation sensor 76, which is the same as when controlling the amount of fertilizer applied. ■ is calculated and read, and these values N'
, V, the target value nt of the rotation speed of the variable speed output shaft 40b is calculated, and the current rotation speed n of the variable speed output shaft 40b is calculated and read from the detected value from the output shaft rotation sensor 80. The speed of the continuously variable transmission 41b is changed in the same manner as the control, and seeds are sown at a set constant seeding pitch.

次ぎに肥料の吐出率制御を第16図及び第17図につい
て説明すると、第17図において、播種位置0点から下
段ノズル27側への変換点までをat(t+)、それに
続く上段ノズル26側への変換点から次ぎの播種位置ま
でをa2(t2 ) 、播種ピッチをb (tp) 、
  a”aI +a2、(at 与a2)とすると、上
段ノズル26の吐出率はa/bXloo  ($)とな
るから、これを上段吐出率設定器により設定した設定値
M及び播種ピッチ設定器の設定値Nを制御部に読み込ま
せ、電磁切換弁67の周期tpをVとNから算出し、こ
の周期tpとMとから2t、を算出し、播種タイミング
センサー81により立上り(0点)からの時間りを測定
する。
Next, the fertilizer discharge rate control will be explained with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17. In FIG. 17, the transition point from the sowing position 0 to the lower nozzle 27 side is at(t+), and the subsequent upper nozzle 26 side is From the conversion point to the next sowing position is a2 (t2), the sowing pitch is b (tp),
If a”aI +a2, (at given a2), the discharge rate of the upper stage nozzle 26 becomes a/bXloo ($), so this is the set value M set by the upper stage discharge rate setter and the setting of the seeding pitch setter. The control unit reads the value N, calculates the period tp of the electromagnetic switching valve 67 from V and N, calculates 2t from this period tp and M, and calculates the time from the rise (0 point) using the sowing timing sensor 81. Measure the

そして、tがtlより小さいかどうか比較してyesで
ある場合は電磁切換弁67を上段側にする制御指令が出
力され、noの場合はtがtp−1、より小さいかどう
か比較され、noと判断されると、電磁切換弁67を上
段側にする制御指令が出力され、yesの場合は切換弁
67を下段側にする制御指令が出力され、それにより上
段ノズル26に圧送された肥料が設定された比率で分配
される。
Then, a comparison is made to see if t is smaller than tl, and if the answer is yes, a control command to move the electromagnetic switching valve 67 to the upper stage side is output, and if no, a comparison is made to see if t is smaller than tp-1. If it is determined that this is the case, a control command to set the electromagnetic switching valve 67 to the upper stage side is output, and if yes, a control command to set the switching valve 67 to the lower stage side is output, so that the fertilizer pumped to the upper stage nozzle 26 is It will be distributed according to the set ratio.

前述の施肥播種機においてトラクタにより入力軸36を
駆動しながら機体lを牽引すると、接地輪13は接地し
て作業機の走行速度を検出し、コールタ10・は耕耘さ
れた膨軟な土壌中に一部侵入して雑草、藁等の夾雑物を
下方へ押し込みながら回転し1組をなすコールタ10.
10の後部では左右で対をなす上下のノズル28 、2
7が播種位置に対して左右対称に、かつ前述の播種量及
び吐出率制御を受けならが肥料ポンプ23 、23が圧
送したペースト状肥料を土中に施肥し、その施肥位置は
種子を頂点とする二等辺三角形の斜辺上となり、かつ播
種列と平行になる。
In the above-mentioned fertilizing and seeding machine, when the input shaft 36 is driven by the tractor and the machine l is towed, the grounding wheel 13 contacts the ground and detects the running speed of the working machine, and the coulter 10 is placed in the plowed, swollen soil. Coulters 10. Partially invaded and rotating while pushing foreign matter such as weeds and straw downwards to form a set.
10, upper and lower nozzles 28, 2 are paired on the left and right.
Fertilizer pumps 23, 23 apply the paste-like fertilizer pumped into the soil symmetrically with respect to the sowing position and are subject to the above-mentioned sowing rate and discharge rate control, and the fertilization position is set at the top of the seed. It is on the hypotenuse of the isosceles triangle and parallel to the sowing row.

次いで、ゲージホイル15のすぐ内側では、溝切ディス
ク17が、同じ側において対をなす上下のノズル26 
、2B、27 、27の通過軌跡の中間部でかつ上段の
施肥位置よりや一上部に、溝を掘り、その後部では播種
装置6の吸出ノズル31・・前述の設定された播種ピッ
チbでかつ上段ノズル28 、26が施肥した位置の中
間部でかつやや上方に播種し、それに続いて覆土輪18
が覆土し、その上を鎮圧輪20が鎮圧する。
Immediately inside the gauge foil 15, the grooved disc 17 then connects the upper and lower nozzles 26 in pairs on the same side.
, 2B, 27, 27, and a little above the upper fertilization position, a groove is dug, and at the rear of the groove, the suction nozzle 31 of the seeding device 6...at the previously set seeding pitch b and The upper nozzles 28 and 26 sow the seeds in the middle of the fertilized position and slightly upward, and then the soil covering wheel 18
covers the soil, and the suppression wheel 20 suppresses it.

前述の実施例では施肥装置5に播種装置6を組合せた例
について説明したが、ポット等に播種し、これを温室又
は苗床で育苗した苗、若しくはマット苗を植付装置によ
り圃場に植付けるようになし、この植付装置を前記施肥
装!t5と組合せても同様な結果が得られ、その際、前
記播種ピッチは植付ピッチ、播種タイミングセンサーは
植付タイミングセンサー等に読み換えるものとする。
In the above-mentioned embodiment, an example was explained in which the seeding device 6 was combined with the fertilizing device 5. However, it is also possible to sow seeds in pots or the like and raise the seedlings in a greenhouse or nursery, or to plant the seedlings in a mat using a planting device in the field. None, this planting device can be used as a fertilizing device! A similar result can be obtained even when combined with t5, in which case the sowing pitch is replaced with the planting pitch, the sowing timing sensor is replaced with the planting timing sensor, etc.

また、施肥する肥料はゲースト状肥料、ペースト状肥料
を適宜希釈したもの、粒状肥料又はその他の形状のもの
である。
Further, the fertilizer to be applied is a geist fertilizer, an appropriately diluted paste fertilizer, a granular fertilizer, or other forms.

(ト)発明の効果 未発明は前述のように種子又は苗を圃場に一定の間隔を
おいて列状に播種又は植付け、それより下方に上下2段
に施肥し、少なくとも上段の施肥は間欠的にすると共に
前記列と直交する方向からみて播種位置又は植付位置の
直下にしたので、播種した種子から発根した根、又は植
付けた苗の根は、成長の初期にその直下に施肥した肥料
を早期に吸収して良好な初期成長をなし、相隣る播種位
置又は植付位置の間の浅い層には施肥されていないので
無駄になることがなく、施肥効率を向上することができ
る。
(G) Effects of the invention In the case of uninvention, seeds or seedlings are sown or planted in rows at regular intervals in the field as described above, and fertilizer is applied in two layers below the rows, with at least the fertilization in the upper row being intermittent. At the same time, it was placed directly below the sowing position or planting position when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the row, so that the roots that grew from the sown seeds or the roots of the planted seedlings were exposed to the fertilizer applied directly below them at the early stage of growth. The fertilizer is absorbed quickly to achieve good initial growth, and since the fertilizer is not applied to the shallow layer between adjacent sowing positions or planting positions, there is no waste, and the efficiency of fertilization can be improved.

また、根が更に深層にまで伸長すると、下段に施肥した
肥料を吸収することとなり、追肥回数を少なくして農作
業の省力化を図りながら収量を増加することができる。
In addition, as the roots grow deeper, they absorb the fertilizer applied to the lower layer, reducing the number of times of top-dressing and increasing yields while saving labor in agricultural work.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図面は本発明の一実施例を示すものであって、第1図は
施肥播種機の側面図、第2図は各機器の配列及び伝動装
置を示す平面図、第3図は施肥ノズル取付部の側面図、
第4図は同上A−A断面図、第5図は同上背面図、第6
図(a) 、 (b) 、 (c) 、 (d)は施肥
ノズル取付角度調節を示す側面図、第7図は施肥回路図
、第8図は播種した種子に対する施肥位置を示す断面図
、第9図(a)は同上B−B断面図、(b)は同上C−
C断面図、第10図は施肥ポンプと施肥ノズルと播種位
置の関係を示す横断面図、第11図(a)は施肥ポンプ
の左側面図、(b)は同上縦断面図、(C)は同上右側
面図、(d)は(b)のD−り断面図、(e)は同上E
−E断面図、第12図はロータリンレノイドの出力図、
第13図は施肥ポンプ駆動系統図、第14図(a)は播
種駆動系統図、(b)は接地輪回転センサーの平面図、
第15図(a)は施肥制御フローチャート図、(b)一
部を省略した播種制御フローチャート図、第16図は吐
出率制御フローチャート図、第17図は播種ピッチと施
肥との関係を示す図面、第18図(a)は同上F−F断
面図、(b)は同上G−G断面図、第19図(a)はコ
ールタ支持装置の一部断面を示す正面図、(b)は同上
側面図、第20図(a)は鎮圧輪支持装置の平面図、(
b)は同上側面図、(C)は同上背面図である。 lem機体、5・・施肥装置、6・・播種装置、10・
・コールタ、13・−接地輪、15・・ゲージホイル、
17−・溝切デイジタ、18・・覆土輪、20拳番鎮圧
輪、21・・肥料タンク、23・・施肥ポンプ、28・
・上段ノズル、27・・下段ノズル、31・番吸出ノズ
ル、33・・播種管、35−・伝動ケース、 38a、
38b 拳番変速入力軸、40a、40b * *変速
出力軸、41a、41b m m無段変速装置、42,
45.48・・中間軸、67・・電磁切替弁、69・・
ロータリンレノイド、76・・接地輪回転センサー、7
7 、79・・入力軸回転センサー、78 、80・争
出力軸回転センサー、 ai−−播種タイミングセンサ
ー 第73図 C) (4)   ii/ 7g / 第1り図 (Q)       φ)
The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a side view of a fertilizing seeding machine, Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the arrangement and transmission device of each device, and Fig. 3 is a fertilizing nozzle attachment part. side view,
Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A, Figure 5 is a rear view of the same as above, and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of
Figures (a), (b), (c), and (d) are side views showing adjustment of the fertilization nozzle attachment angle, Figure 7 is a fertilization circuit diagram, and Figure 8 is a sectional view showing the fertilization position for sown seeds. FIG. 9(a) is a sectional view taken along line B-B as above, and FIG. 9(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line C--
C sectional view, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the fertilization pump, the fertilization nozzle, and the seeding position, FIG. is a right side view of the same as above, (d) is a sectional view taken along the D line of (b), and (e) is a view of E of the same as above.
-E sectional view, Figure 12 is the output diagram of the rotary linenoid,
Fig. 13 is a diagram of the fertilization pump drive system, Fig. 14 (a) is a diagram of the sowing drive system, and (b) is a plan view of the ground wheel rotation sensor.
FIG. 15(a) is a flowchart for fertilization control, (b) is a partially omitted flowchart for seeding control, FIG. 16 is a flowchart for discharge rate control, and FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between seeding pitch and fertilization. Figure 18 (a) is a sectional view taken along line FF, (b) is a sectional view taken along line GG, Figure 19 (a) is a front view showing a partial cross section of the coulter support device, and (b) is a side view taken along line 18 of the same. 20(a) is a plan view of the suppression wheel support device, (
b) is a side view of the same as above, and (C) is a rear view of same as above. lem machine, 5. Fertilizer application device, 6. Seeding device, 10.
・Coulter, 13・-grounding wheel, 15・・gauge foil,
17-・Ditch cutting digitizer, 18・・Soil covering wheel, 20・Suppressing wheel, 21・・Fertilizer tank, 23・・Fertilization pump, 28・・
- Upper nozzle, 27 - Lower nozzle, No. 31 suction nozzle, 33 - Seeding pipe, 35 - Transmission case, 38a,
38b Gear shift input shaft, 40a, 40b * *Shift output shaft, 41a, 41b mm Continuously variable transmission, 42,
45.48...Intermediate shaft, 67...Solenoid switching valve, 69...
Rotary lenoid, 76... Ground wheel rotation sensor, 7
7, 79... Input shaft rotation sensor, 78, 80 - Output shaft rotation sensor, ai--Seeding timing sensor Fig. 73 C) (4) ii/ 7g / 1st diagram (Q) φ)

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 種子又は苗を圃場に一定の間隔をおいて列状に播種又は
植付け、それより下方に上下2段に施肥し、少なくとも
上段の施肥は間欠的にすると共に前記列と直交する方向
からみて播種位置又は植付位置の直下にしたことを特徴
とする施肥方法。
Seeds or seedlings are sown or planted in rows at regular intervals in the field, and fertilization is applied in two layers below the rows, at least intermittently, and the sowing position is determined when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the rows. Or a method of fertilizing directly below the planting position.
JP63111132A 1988-05-08 1988-05-08 Fertilization method Expired - Fee Related JP2639688B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63111132A JP2639688B2 (en) 1988-05-08 1988-05-08 Fertilization method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63111132A JP2639688B2 (en) 1988-05-08 1988-05-08 Fertilization method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH01281005A true JPH01281005A (en) 1989-11-13
JP2639688B2 JP2639688B2 (en) 1997-08-13

Family

ID=14553258

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63111132A Expired - Fee Related JP2639688B2 (en) 1988-05-08 1988-05-08 Fertilization method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2639688B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04127114U (en) * 1991-04-30 1992-11-19 三菱農機株式会社 no-till transplanter
JP2012100607A (en) * 2010-11-11 2012-05-31 Kubota Corp Paddy field working machine

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6279709A (en) * 1985-10-04 1987-04-13 三菱農機株式会社 Fertilizing machine
JPS6326215U (en) * 1986-08-06 1988-02-20

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6279709A (en) * 1985-10-04 1987-04-13 三菱農機株式会社 Fertilizing machine
JPS6326215U (en) * 1986-08-06 1988-02-20

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04127114U (en) * 1991-04-30 1992-11-19 三菱農機株式会社 no-till transplanter
JP2012100607A (en) * 2010-11-11 2012-05-31 Kubota Corp Paddy field working machine

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