JPH0123698B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to improvements in solar heating and cooling systems. More specifically, the present invention relates to a solar heating and cooling system in which a long-term heat storage device that can store thermal energy for a long period of several months is arranged in series with a solar heat collector.

A solar heating and cooling system is a system that uses the sun's thermal energy to provide air conditioning in the summer and heating in the winter. It is equipped with heat load devices in order. However, since these solar collectors are designed to match the energy demand periods of summer and winter, they collect a considerable amount of surplus solar energy during the spring and autumn months when air conditioning and heating are not used. . On the other hand, if rainy or cloudy weather continues during the demand period,
At that time, the collected solar thermal energy alone cannot meet the demand, and electricity and gas are usually used as supplementary energy to supplement the energy shortage.

Therefore, if the surplus solar thermal energy during the intermediate period can be stored and used until the demand period, the auxiliary energy can be eliminated or greatly saved. Furthermore, since it becomes possible to design a solar heat collector based on the yearly average value of the total annual energy demand, it becomes possible to use a small-capacity solar heat collector.

The present invention has been made from this perspective, and its main structural features include a solar heat collector, a high temperature heat storage tank, a cold heat generator, a low temperature heat storage tank, and a heat load device, in order, In addition, a long-term heat storage device that can store thermal energy for a long period of time using a chemical reaction is arranged in series immediately after the solar heat collector.

A long-term heat storage device that can store thermal energy for a long period of time using the above chemical reaction includes, for example, a heat storage device that can store thermal energy in the form of hydrogen for a long period of time using metal hydride, and this is currently the most preferred. However, heat storage devices that utilize chemical reactions with excellent reversibility, such as ammonia reactions, calcium hydroxide reactions, calcium carbonate reactions, or dilution reactions, may also be used, or crystal strain may be used. A heat storage device, or even an underground heat storage device that uses sensible heat, may be used. In short, any material that can input thermal energy and efficiently output it as thermal energy again several months later is sufficient.

According to the solar heating and cooling system of the present invention, since a long-term heat storage device is provided, surplus solar thermal energy can be stored in the spring and used for cooling the system in the summer. Additionally, excess solar thermal energy can be stored in the fall and used for heating in the winter.

Furthermore, since the long-term heat storage device is placed in series immediately after the solar heat collector, it is possible to efficiently store heat at a high temperature level, and the heat medium flow path configuration can be simplified. That is, when a long-term heat storage device is placed in series after another part, such as a high-temperature heat storage tank, or in parallel with a high-temperature heat storage tank, the thermal energy to be stored in the long-term heat storage device is transferred to a high-temperature heat storage device. There are disadvantages in that heat is lost to the heat storage tank and the flow path of the heat medium becomes complicated, but such problems do not occur in the system of the present invention.

As a result, the system of the present invention as a whole is much more efficient in utilizing solar thermal energy than conventional systems.

Hereinafter, this invention will be explained in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

1 shown in FIG. 1 is an embodiment of the solar heating and cooling system of the present invention. A long-term heat storage device 3 is arranged in series immediately after the solar heat collector 2, and a high-temperature heat storage tank 4, an absorption refrigerator 5, a low-temperature heat storage tank 6, and a heat load device 7 are connected in this order.

The solar heat collector 2 is, for example, a vacuum tube type heat collector capable of collecting high-temperature heat, and heats water as a heat medium and sends it to the long-term heat storage device 3 .

The long-term heat storage device 3 consists of a heat storage tank section 8 filled with metal hydride and a hydrogen storage tank section 10 that communicates with the heat storage tank section 8 via a valve 9. Because it converts thermal energy into the form of hydrogen and stores it,
The heat storage period is practically one year or more.

The high-temperature heat storage tank 4 is filled with heat storage materials such as water, hydrated salts, organic substances, and eutectic mixtures, and stores thermal energy in the form of heat, so the heat storage period is practically about one week. This is not particularly limited and is normal.

Absorption refrigerator 5, low temperature heat storage tank 6 and heat load device 7
is normal. During the summer, these are connected as shown by the solid lines in Figure 1 for cooling. In winter, heating is performed without using the absorption refrigerator 5, as shown by the broken line in FIG.

Next, to explain the operation, when the demand for thermal energy is low, such as in spring or autumn, the valve 9
, the hydrogen gas pressure in the heat storage tank section 8 is the same as that in the hydrogen heat storage tank section 10
Opens only when hydrogen gas pressure is higher than . When the heat medium sent from the heat collector 2 is sufficiently heated, thermal energy is given to the metal hydride in the heat storage tank 8, hydrogen gas is generated, and the pressure becomes high, so the valve 9 is opened and the hydrogen is stored. Hydrogen gas moves to the tank section 10. When the heating medium is not sufficiently heated, the hydrogen gas pressure in the heat storage tank section 8 does not rise, so the valve 9 remains closed and no movement of hydrogen gas occurs. In this way, solar thermal energy is unilaterally stored in the hydrogen storage tank section 10 in the form of hydrogen gas.

When there is a demand for thermal energy, such as in summer or winter, the valve 9 opens only when the hydrogen gas pressure in the heat storage tank section 8 is lower than the hydrogen gas pressure in the hydrogen storage tank section 10 by a predetermined pressure. Therefore, when the heat medium sent from the heat collector 2 is sufficiently heated, the hydrogen gas pressure in the heat storage tank section 8 becomes high, so the valve 9 remains closed, and the hydrogen gas does not move and the heat storage tank section 8 is in equilibrium at high pressure and does not remove thermal energy from the heating medium. Therefore, the heat medium remains at high temperature in the high temperature heat storage tank 4.
enters and gives heat energy. Thermal energy given to the high temperature heat storage tank 4 is used for cooling and heating as usual. When the heat medium is not sufficiently heated in the heat collector 2 due to insufficient solar thermal energy, the heat energy of the metal hydride in the heat storage tank 8 is taken away by the heat medium, resulting in a decrease in temperature and absorption of hydrogen gas. Pressure decreases. Then, since the valve 9 is opened, hydrogen gas moves from the hydrogen storage tank section 10 to the heat storage tank section 8. The hydrogen gas is absorbed by metal hydride in the heat storage tank section 8 and generates thermal energy. In this way, the hydrogen gas moves from the hydrogen storage tank section 10 to the heat storage tank section 8 and generates thermal energy, which is taken away by the heat medium to achieve equilibrium. The heat medium becomes high in temperature due to the stolen thermal energy, enters the high temperature heat storage tank 4, and provides thermal energy to the high temperature heat storage tank 4 as described above.

As mentioned above, this solar heating and cooling system 1
is a long-term heat storage device 3 arranged in series immediately after the solar heat collector 2, which stores a large amount of thermal energy during the spring and autumn months at a high temperature level and efficiently extracts it, thereby constantly stably producing a high-temperature heat storage tank. It can supply the necessary thermal energy to 4.

Therefore, the solar heating and cooling system of this invention is
This has the effect of almost eliminating the need for auxiliary energy. In addition, the system's solar heat utilization efficiency increases as a whole, so it can be used even in regions with low amounts of sunlight.Furthermore, if a certain amount of sunlight is secured throughout the year, it can be used even in regions where sunlight is unevenly distributed only in the summer. There are effects that can be used.

Note that, as a matter of course, a hot water supply system can be optionally attached to such a solar heating and cooling system without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of an embodiment of the solar heating and cooling system of the present invention. 1...Solar heating and cooling system, 2...Solar heat collector, 3...Long-term heat storage device, 4...High temperature heat storage tank,
5... Absorption chiller, 6... Low temperature heat storage tank, 7... Heat load.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A solar heat collector, a high temperature heat storage tank, a cold heat generator, a low temperature heat storage tank, and a heat load device are provided in this order, and are placed in series immediately after the solar heat collector, utilizing a chemical reaction. A solar heating and cooling system characterized by being equipped with a long-term heat storage device that can store thermal energy for a long period of time. 2. The solar heating and cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the long-term heat storage device is a heat storage device using a metal hydride. 3. The solar heating and cooling device according to claim 2, wherein the heat storage device using a metal hydride comprises a heat storage tank made of the metal hydride and a hydrogen storage tank communicating with the heat storage tank through a valve. system.