【考案の詳細な説明】[Detailed explanation of the idea]
（考案の技術分野）
本考案は特殊なチタン合金で形成した眼鏡枠に
関する。
（考案の背景）
チタン（Ti）は軽く、耐食性が良いことから
眼鏡枠材料として注目され、その結果、既にチタ
ン製の眼鏡枠が市販されるに至つている。これま
での眼鏡枠に実用化されたチタン材は、JIS−
H4670チタン線材TW35に代表されるほとんど純
粋なチタン材であり、そのため塑性加工性が良く
眼鏡枠の各種構成品への加工は比較的容易であ
る。しかしながら、機械的強度が必ずしも十分で
あるとは言えなかつた。例えば、線引き加工やプ
レスなどの塑性加工によりレンズ枠やテンプルを
製作した場合、引張強度は70Kgｆ／mm2と不十分
で、またバネ性も不足している。特に眼鏡枠を製
作する際、どうしても部品同士の「ろう接」が必
要になるが、この「ろう接」の際の加熱（800〜
1000℃）によつて冷えた後も「ろう接」部近傍が
軟化し、その結果強度がより低下してしまう。そ
のためチタン製眼鏡枠は、掛けはずし時及び装用
中に受ける応力によつて、時として変形したり、
ろう接部付近が破損したりするという問題があつ
た。
（考案の目的）
従つて、本考案の目的は、純チタン製眼鏡枠の
持つ軽く、耐食性及び塑性加工性が良好な特徴を
保持しつつ、眼鏡枠として十分な強度及びバネ性
を有し、かつ800〜1000℃のろう接加熱を受けて
も余り軟化せず、強度の大きい眼鏡枠を提供する
ことにある。
（考案の概要）
そのため、本考案者らは、目的とする眼鏡枠を
与えるチタン合金について鋭意研究した。
一般に金属製眼鏡枠を製作するには、先ずφ1.2
〜5.0mmの丸線を用意し、この丸線を冷間ロール
加工によつてレンズ枠用の溝線へと加工したり、
丸線を適当な長さに切断した後プレス加工によつ
てテンプル、ヨロイ、ブリツジ等へ加工し、また
丸線を冷間ロール加工によつて異型線へと加工
し、その異型線を切削加工及びネジ穴加工によつ
て丁番、ブロー智等へ加工する。そして、これら
の加工は、元の丸線から考えて加工度が50〜60％
であると言われている。
そこで、市販品として入手できるチタン及びチ
タン合金は、それを買い求め、入手できないもの
は、真空溶解法により種々の合金組成の鋳塊を作
り、それを熱間鍛造、熱間押出しによつてφ10mm
の丸線とし、更に焼なましと冷間加工によつて
φ3mmの丸線を作つた。
こうしてφ3mmの種々のチタン合金丸線及び純
チタン丸線を用意し、各々密度を測定した後、焼
なましを行なつた。次いで各丸線について半分に
切断し、その一方は(イ)冷間ロール加工によつて
φ2mmの丸線に加工し、他方は(ロ)プレス加工によ
つて厚さ1.2mmの板材に加工した。これらの加工
に於ける加工度は(イ)が約56％、(ロ)が約60％であ
り、眼鏡枠部品への加工度と等しいので、(イ)によ
つて得られたφ2mmの丸線及び(ロ)によつて得られ
た板材は、形状は異なるものの眼鏡枠部品の相当
品になる。
そこでこれらの丸線及び板材について、合金
の塑性加工性を判定するために裂けや傷の有無を
調べ、耐食性をみるために16時間のキヤス試験
に供し、強度をみるために引張強度とビツカー
ス硬度を測定し、バネ性をみるために、バネ限
界値を測定し、ろう接後の軟化度をみるため
に、焼なまし（約1000℃に10分間加熱した後、放
冷）後、ビツカース硬度を測定した。
この結果の一部を次の第１表に示す。
(Technical Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to an eyeglass frame made of a special titanium alloy. (Background of the invention) Titanium (Ti) is attracting attention as a material for eyeglass frames because it is light and has good corrosion resistance, and as a result, eyeglass frames made of titanium are already on the market. The titanium materials that have been put to practical use in eyeglass frames so far are JIS-
It is an almost pure titanium material represented by H4670 titanium wire TW35, and therefore has good plastic workability and is relatively easy to process into various components of eyeglass frames. However, the mechanical strength was not necessarily sufficient. For example, when a lens frame or temple is manufactured by plastic processing such as wire drawing or pressing, the tensile strength is insufficient at 70 kgf/mm 2 and the springiness is also insufficient. Particularly when manufacturing eyeglass frames, it is necessary to "solder" the parts together, but the heating during this "soldering" (800~
Even after cooling down to 1000℃), the area near the "soldered" part softens, resulting in a further decrease in strength. Therefore, titanium eyeglass frames sometimes deform due to the stress they receive when putting them on and taking them off and while wearing them.
There was a problem that the area around the soldered parts could be damaged. (Purpose of the invention) Therefore, the purpose of the invention is to maintain the characteristics of lightness, corrosion resistance, and good plastic workability of pure titanium eyeglass frames, while having sufficient strength and springiness as an eyeglass frame. Another object of the present invention is to provide an eyeglass frame that does not soften much even when subjected to soldering heat of 800 to 1000°C and has high strength. (Summary of the invention) Therefore, the inventors of the present invention conducted intensive research on a titanium alloy that can provide the desired eyeglass frame. Generally, in order to manufacture metal eyeglass frames, first the φ1.2
~ Prepare a 5.0mm round wire and process this round wire into a groove wire for the lens frame by cold rolling,
After cutting the round wire to an appropriate length, it is processed into temples, endpieces, bridges, etc. by press processing, and the round wire is processed into deformed wire by cold rolling, and then the deformed wire is cut. Processed into hinges, blow holes, etc. by machining screw holes. In addition, these processes have a processing degree of 50 to 60% compared to the original round wire.
It is said that Therefore, titanium and titanium alloys that are commercially available are purchased, and those that are not available are made into ingots of various alloy compositions using the vacuum melting method, and then hot forged and hot extruded to form ingots of φ10 mm.
A round wire with a diameter of 3 mm was made by annealing and cold working. In this way, various titanium alloy round wires and pure titanium round wires with a diameter of 3 mm were prepared, and after measuring the density of each wire, annealing was performed. Next, each round wire was cut in half, and one half was processed into a round wire with a diameter of 2 mm by (a) cold rolling, and the other was processed into a plate with a thickness of 1.2 mm by (b) press processing. . The degree of machining in these processes is approximately 56% for (a) and approximately 60% for (b), which is equal to the degree of machining for eyeglass frame parts, so the φ2 mm round obtained by (a) The plate material obtained by the lines and (b) is equivalent to an eyeglass frame part, although the shape is different. Therefore, these round wires and plate materials were examined for cracks and scratches to determine the plastic workability of the alloy, subjected to a 16-hour cast test to determine corrosion resistance, and tested for tensile strength and Bitkers hardness to determine strength. To check the spring properties, measure the spring limit value, and check the degree of softening after soldering. was measured. Some of the results are shown in Table 1 below.
【表】
＊＊ ○：裂けや傷が全くない △：裂けや傷が多少
あり ×：裂けや傷が多数あり
その他、公知のチタン合金としてTi−2Al−
2Mn，Ti−4Mn，Ti−5Al−3Mn，Ti−5Al−
1Cu，Ti−5Al−2Cr−1Fe，Ti−2Fe−2Cr−
2Mo及びTi−2.5Al−1.35Snもテストしたが、前
６者は塑性加工が困難で、最後のものは強度が不
十分であり、いずれも眼鏡枠用素材として適して
いないことが判つた。
以上の研究から、本考案者らはAl：0.3〜３重
量％（以下、単に％という）好ましくは1.5〜２
％、Ni：0.3〜２％好ましくは0.5〜1.5％及び
Ti：残部からなる特殊なチタン合金が眼鏡枠用
素材として最も適していることを見い出し、本考
案を成すに至つた。
この系のチタン合金に於いて、仮にAlの含有
率を0.3％より少なくすると、十分な強度及びバ
ネ性が得られず、逆に３％より多くすると、塑性
加工性が悪化し、またNiの含有率を0.3％より少
なくすると、十分な強度が得られず、逆に２％よ
り多くすると、塑性加工性が悪化する。
従つて、本考案は、主要構成部品を上記の特殊
なチタン合金で形成した眼鏡枠を提供する。
以下、実施例により本考案を説明する。
（実施例 １）
真空溶解法によりTi：97％、Al：２％及び
Ni：１％から成るチタン合金の鋳塊を製造し、
これを熱間鍛造後、冷間加工、焼なましを繰り返
すことにより、硬度HV200を有する焼なまし素
材としてφ1.2〜2.8mmの丸線及び0.5mm厚の板材を
作成した。
次いで、それらの素材を用いて通常の金属製眼
鏡枠構成部品の製造工程に従い、第１図に各引用
数字で示す部品を製造した。即ち、レンズ枠１，
１′用の溝線は、上記丸線（φ2mm）から冷間ロー
ル加工によつて作り、テンプル２，２′、ヨロイ
３，３′及びブリツジ８はプレス加工によつて作
つた。これらの部品への加工率は各々約60％であ
り、加工後の硬度は約HV270であつた。また、
丁番４，４′及びブロー智５，５′は、冷間ロール
加工によつて上記丸線（φ5mm）から異型線を線
引き後、異型線を適当に切断し、切削加工及びネ
ジ穴加工を行なつて作製した。蝶足６，６′は丸
線（φ1.2mm）を切断後、曲げ加工によつて所定の
形状とした。この曲げ加工により、蝶足６，６′
の硬度はHV230となつた。蝶箱７，７′は、上記
板材を切断後、絞り加工によつて所定形状とし
た。
以上の部品のうち、蝶足６，６′と蝶箱７，
７′、レンズ枠１，１′と蝶足６，６′、レンズ枠
１，１′とブリツジ８、レンズ枠１，１′とブロー
智５，５′の上片、下片、丁番４，４′とテンプル
２，２′丁番４，４′とヨロイ３，３′、並びにブ
ロー智５，５′の上片とヨロイ４，４′を、それぞ
れアルゴンガス雰囲気中で高周波誘導加熱法によ
つて〔Ti−15Cu−15Ni〕のろう材を用いて、ろ
う接した。ろう接により、ろう接部は約900℃に
熱せられ、焼なましと同じ熱処理を受けたことに
なる結果、ろう接部は軟化し、硬度は低下した
が、それでもHV190であつた。
得られたろう接物品にレンズ枠１，１′の閉環
用ネジ及び丁番４，４′の組立ネジを用いて組み
立て、それにプラスチツク製の先セル９，９′と
鼻あてパツド１０，１０′を取り付けると第１図
に示す眼鏡枠が仕上がる。
尚、本実施例では、ネジを除く金属部品を全て
本考案のチタン合金で製作したが、一部分を他の
金属例えば純チタン、本考案以外のチタン合金、
洋白、ニツケル合金、ステンレス鋼等で製作した
眼鏡枠も本考案の技術的範囲に含まれる。
（比較例 １）
純チタンを用い、以下実施例１と同様に第１図
に示す如き眼鏡枠を製作した。
比較例１の眼鏡枠と実施例１の眼鏡枠とを重量
測定すると、9.5ｇで、その差異は誤差範囲であ
つた。
（比較試験）
(イ) 永久変形角
実施例１及び比較例１に於いて丁番４，４′を
ろう接したテンプル２，２′について、それぞれ
丁番部分を万力で固定し、丁番から90mm離れたテ
ンプル部分（この位置は眼鏡枠を装用したとき、
耳位置にあたる）にテンプルを開く方向に荷重を
加え、荷重の大きさと荷重除去後の永久変形角と
の関係を調べた。この結果を第２図に示す。
第２図から明らかなように例えば600ｇの荷重
が加わつた場合、実施例１のテンプル（Ti−2Al
−1Ni合金使用）は約0.5度の永久変形角で済んだ
のに対し、比較例１のテンプル（純チタン使用）
は約３度の永久変形角を生じた。また、たわみ角
を20度とするような荷重を加えた場合、実施例１
のテンプルは約0.5度の永久変形角で済んだのに
対して比較例１のテンプルは約２度の永久変形角
を示した。
600ｇ程度の荷重及び20度程度のたわみ角は、
眼鏡の掛けはずしの際に往々にして作用する値で
あり、２度以上の永久変形が生じると掛け心地が
悪くなつて、テンプルの修正が必要となる。
(ロ) ろう接強度(1)
実施例１及び比較例１で製作した眼鏡枠につい
て、常法によりガラスレンズを装着した後、左側
テンプル２とヨロイ３、右側テンプル２′とヨロ
イ３′に対し各々φ5mmの鋼線を抱き合わせて固定
することにより棒状剛体とした。
次いで、丁番より90mm離れたテンプル位置にテ
ンプルを開く方向に荷重を加えて前記テンプル位
置を元の位置から15mm移動させた後、荷重を取り
去り、今度は同じ位置にテンプルを閉じる方向に
荷重を加えて元の位置から15mm移動させ、そして
荷重を取り去る。この変形動作を毎分120回の速
度で繰り返すと、比較例１の眼鏡枠は50000回で
左側レンズ枠１のブロー智５のろう接部からレン
ズ枠が折れたが、実施例１の眼鏡枠は70000回を
越えても異常はなかつた。
この試験はレンズ枠のブロー智ろう接部分及び
ブリツジろう接部分に引張り、圧縮、ねじりの各
応力が繰り返し加わるので、眼鏡の掛けはずし時
及び装用中の振動の際に受ける応力を想定した試
験となる。
(ハ) ろう接強度(2)
実施例１及び比較例１で製作した眼鏡枠のレン
ズ枠１，１′を固定し、このレンズ枠１，１′に対
し蝶足６，６′の180度反復曲げ試験を行なつた結
果、比較例１のものは往復３回の曲げで蝶足が折
れたが、実施例１のものは往復６回の曲げで折
れ、比較例１のものに比べ２倍の曲げ回数に耐え
た。
この試験は眼鏡枠を装用者の顔面に合わせるた
めの蝶足曲げ調整を想定した試験である。
(ニ) キヤス試験（腐食試験）
実施例１及び比較例１で製作した眼鏡枠につい
て、キヤス試験16時間を実施したが、いずれも腐
食の発生はなく、光沢を保つていた。
（考案の効果）
以上の通り、本考案によれば、チタンの持つ軽
量、耐食性、塑性加工性などの特徴を保持しつ
つ、強度及びバネ性が向上し、かつろう接部の強
度も向上した眼鏡枠が得られる。
更に、純チタン材は、ろう接加熱によつて結晶
粒が粗大化し約0.4mm程度になるので、ろう接部
付近の表面は肌荒れが大きいが、それに対し本考
案で使用するチタン合金は、結晶粒が粗大化せず
約0.07〜0.007mmであり、ろう接前と大きな変化
がない。そして、本考案で使用するチタン合金
は、純チタン材に比べもともと硬度が高いことと
から、ろう接加熱によつて硬度が低下しても、研
摩によつて鏡面を得ることが出来るが、純チタン
材はろう接加熱によつて肌荒れが生じても低下し
た硬度では鏡面仕上げが難しい。
特にTi−（0.3−３）Al−（0.3−２）Ni合金は、
結晶粒が小さく強度が大きいので、すぐれた眼鏡
枠が得られる。[Table] ** ○: No tears or scratches △: Some tears or scratches ×: Many tears or scratches Other known titanium alloys include Ti-2Al-
2Mn, Ti−4Mn, Ti−5Al−3Mn, Ti−5Al−
1Cu, Ti−5Al−2Cr−1Fe, Ti−2Fe−2Cr−
2Mo and Ti-2.5Al-1.35Sn were also tested, but it was found that the first six were difficult to plastically work, and the last had insufficient strength, and that none of them were suitable as materials for eyeglass frames. From the above research, the present inventors found that Al: 0.3 to 3% by weight (hereinafter simply referred to as %), preferably 1.5 to 2% by weight.
%, Ni: 0.3-2% preferably 0.5-1.5% and
We discovered that a special titanium alloy consisting of Ti: the remainder is most suitable as a material for eyeglass frames, and came up with the present invention. In this type of titanium alloy, if the Al content is less than 0.3%, sufficient strength and elasticity will not be obtained, and if it is more than 3%, plastic workability will deteriorate, and Ni When the content is less than 0.3%, sufficient strength cannot be obtained, and on the other hand, when it is more than 2%, plastic workability deteriorates. Therefore, the present invention provides an eyeglass frame whose main components are made of the above-mentioned special titanium alloy. The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples. (Example 1) Ti: 97%, Al: 2% and
Producing a titanium alloy ingot consisting of 1% Ni,
After hot forging, cold working and annealing were repeated to produce round wires with a diameter of 1.2 to 2.8 mm and plates with a thickness of 0.5 mm as annealed materials having a hardness of HV200. Next, using these materials, parts indicated by the respective reference numerals in FIG. 1 were manufactured according to the usual manufacturing process for metal eyeglass frame components. That is, the lens frame 1,
The groove wire for 1' was made from the above-mentioned round wire (φ2 mm) by cold rolling, and the temples 2, 2', endpieces 3, 3', and bridge 8 were made by press working. The processing rate for these parts was approximately 60%, and the hardness after processing was approximately HV270. Also,
For hinges 4 and 4' and blow tips 5 and 5', after drawing a deformed wire from the above round wire (φ5 mm) by cold rolling, cut the deformed wire appropriately, and perform cutting and screw hole drilling. I made it by doing this. The butterfly legs 6, 6' were formed into a predetermined shape by cutting a round wire (φ1.2 mm) and then bending the wire. By this bending process, the butterfly legs 6, 6'
The hardness was HV230. The butterfly boxes 7, 7' were formed into a predetermined shape by cutting the plate material and then drawing it. Among the above parts, the butterfly legs 6, 6' and the butterfly box 7,
7', lens frames 1, 1' and butterfly legs 6, 6', lens frames 1, 1' and bridge 8, lens frames 1, 1' and blow tips 5, 5', upper and lower pieces, hinge 4 , 4', temple 2, 2' hinges 4, 4', end pieces 3, 3', and the upper piece of blow tips 5, 5' and end pieces 4, 4', respectively, were heated by high-frequency induction heating in an argon gas atmosphere. Brazing was performed using a [Ti-15Cu-15Ni] brazing material. During brazing, the welded part was heated to approximately 900°C and underwent the same heat treatment as annealing, which softened the welded part and reduced its hardness, but it was still HV190. Assemble the obtained soldered article using the ring-closing screws of the lens frames 1, 1' and the assembly screws of the hinges 4, 4', and attach the plastic tip cells 9, 9' and the nose pads 10, 10' to it. Once attached, the eyeglass frame shown in FIG. 1 is completed. In this example, all the metal parts except the screws were made of the titanium alloy of the present invention, but some parts were made of other metals such as pure titanium, titanium alloys other than the present invention, etc.
Eyeglass frames made of nickel silver, nickel alloy, stainless steel, etc. are also included within the technical scope of the present invention. (Comparative Example 1) Using pure titanium, an eyeglass frame as shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1. When the weight of the eyeglass frame of Comparative Example 1 and the eyeglass frame of Example 1 was measured, the weight was 9.5 g, and the difference was within the error range. (Comparative test) (a) Permanent deformation angle Regarding the temples 2 and 2' in which hinges 4 and 4' were brazed in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, each hinge part was fixed in a vise, and the hinge Temple part 90mm away from (this position is when wearing the glasses frame,
A load was applied in the direction of opening the temples (corresponding to the ear position), and the relationship between the magnitude of the load and the permanent deformation angle after the load was removed was investigated. The results are shown in FIG. As is clear from Fig. 2, when a load of 600 g is applied, for example, the temple of Example 1 (Ti-2Al
-1Ni alloy) had a permanent deformation angle of approximately 0.5 degrees, whereas the temple of Comparative Example 1 (using pure titanium)
produced a permanent deformation angle of about 3 degrees. In addition, when a load is applied that makes the deflection angle 20 degrees, Example 1
The temple of Comparative Example 1 had a permanent deformation angle of about 0.5 degrees, whereas the temple of Comparative Example 1 had a permanent deformation angle of about 2 degrees. For a load of about 600g and a deflection angle of about 20 degrees,
This is a value that often acts when putting on and taking off glasses, and if permanent deformation of 2 degrees or more occurs, it becomes uncomfortable to wear and requires correction of the temples. (b) Soldering strength (1) For the eyeglass frames manufactured in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, after attaching the glass lenses by the usual method, the soldering strength was A rod-shaped rigid body was created by tying together and fixing steel wires each having a diameter of 5 mm. Next, after applying a load in the direction of opening the temple to a temple position 90mm away from the hinge and moving the temple position by 15mm from its original position, remove the load, and then apply a load in the direction of closing the temple at the same position. Additionally, move it 15mm from its original position and remove the load. When this deformation operation was repeated at a speed of 120 times per minute, the lens frame of Comparative Example 1 broke from the soldering part of the blow tip 5 of the left lens frame 1 after 50,000 times, but the eyeglass frame of Example 1 There were no abnormalities even after 70,000 cycles. In this test, tensile, compressive, and torsional stresses are repeatedly applied to the blow solder and bridge solder parts of the lens frame, so it is a test that simulates the stress experienced when putting on and taking off glasses and when vibration occurs while wearing them. Become. (c) Soldering strength (2) Fix the lens frames 1 and 1' of the eyeglass frames manufactured in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, and hold the butterfly legs 6 and 6' at 180 degrees with respect to the lens frames 1 and 1'. As a result of repeated bending tests, it was found that the butterfly leg of Comparative Example 1 broke after 3 times of back and forth bending, but the butterfly leg of Example 1 broke after 6 times of back and forth bending, and was 2 times smaller than that of Comparative Example 1. It withstood twice the number of bends. This test assumes butterfly bending adjustment to adjust the eyeglass frame to the wearer's face. (d) Casting test (corrosion test) A casting test was conducted for 16 hours on the eyeglass frames manufactured in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, but no corrosion occurred in any of them and they maintained their gloss. (Effects of the invention) As described above, according to the invention, while maintaining the characteristics of titanium such as light weight, corrosion resistance, and plastic workability, the strength and springiness were improved, and the strength of the brazed joint was also improved. A glasses frame is obtained. Furthermore, in pure titanium, the crystal grains become coarser to about 0.4 mm when heated during soldering, so the surface near the soldered part is rough, but in contrast, the titanium alloy used in this invention has no crystal grains. The grains do not become coarse and are about 0.07 to 0.007 mm, and there is no big difference from the one before soldering. The titanium alloy used in this invention has higher hardness than pure titanium material, so even if the hardness decreases due to soldering heat, a mirror surface can be obtained by polishing. Even if titanium material becomes rough due to soldering heat, it is difficult to achieve a mirror finish due to its reduced hardness. In particular, Ti-(0.3-3)Al-(0.3-2)Ni alloy is
Since the crystal grains are small and the strength is high, excellent eyeglass frames can be obtained.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]
第１図は本考案の実施例１で作製した眼鏡枠の
斜視図である。第２図は実施例１と比較例１で作
製したテンプルのテンプルに対する荷重と永久変
形角との関係を示すグラフである。
主要部分の符号の説明、１，１′……レンズ枠、
２，２′……テンプル。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an eyeglass frame manufactured in Example 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the load on the temple and the permanent deformation angle of the temples manufactured in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. Explanation of symbols of main parts, 1, 1'...lens frame,
2, 2'...temple.