JP7579689B2 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a machine tool equipped with a cutting edge detection device that detects the cutting edges of tools attached to different devices.

It is important for machine tools to detect the cutting edges of tools used to process workpieces, because machining dimensions can be affected if the cutting edges wear or are broken, such as by chipping. Machine tools are therefore provided with cutting edge detection devices for detecting the cutting edges of tools, and in particular, the following Patent Document 1 discloses a cutting edge detection device for detecting the cutting edges of tools attached to multiple tool rests (processing devices) in a two-spindle opposed lathe. The cutting edge detection device for the two processing devices is configured such that two cutting edge detection sensors for detecting the cutting edges of the respective tools are provided at the tip of the arm, and the cutting edge detection sensors move between the retracted position and the detection position as the arm swings. The cutting edge detection sensors are provided with two detection surfaces on the X-axis side and the Z-axis side that come into contact with the tool cutting edges.

JP 2015-13336 A Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-134151

In the conventional cutting edge detection device, tool setters equipped with two cutting edge detection sensors are provided for turret devices located above and below, enabling detection of the cutting edges of the tools attached to each. The two cutting edge detection sensors are fixed to an arm, and can be moved between a detection position and a retracted position by swinging the arm, but the state in the retracted position is not clearly shown. A cutting edge detection device equipped with two cutting edge detection sensors on an arm is itself large, making it difficult to store in the retracted position, and would get in the way of workpiece machining in a small machining chamber.

Therefore, the present invention aims to solve this problem by providing a machine tool equipped with a cutting edge detection device for tools of different devices.

The machine tool of the present invention comprises a work spindle device equipped with a chuck mechanism for rotatably gripping a workpiece, a first machining device and a second machining device for machining the workpiece gripped by the work spindle device, and a cutting edge detection device for detecting the cutting edges of a first tool of the first machining device and a second tool of the second machining device, wherein the cutting edge detection device is provided with a single detection block on which are formed a plurality of detection surfaces on which the cutting edges of the first tool of the first machining device and the second tool of the second machining device, which are configured to move in different directions from each other , come into contact from perpendicular directions at the same detection position relative to the work spindle device .

According to the above configuration, the detection block of the cutting edge detection device has multiple detection surfaces on which the cutting edges of the first tool and the second tool come into contact from perpendicular directions, so that one detection block can detect the cutting edges of the tools in the first processing device and the second processing device. In addition, the cutting edge detection device configured with one detection block can be made compact.

1 is a perspective view showing a main structure of a multi-tasking machine as one embodiment of a machine tool; FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a cutting edge detection device provided for a first turret device and a tool spindle device. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a detection state of the blade edge detection device during use. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a stored state of the blade edge detection device when not in use. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the detection block from the Z-axis direction. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing detection on a turret tool of the first turret device. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing detection in a spindle head tool of a tool spindle device.

An embodiment of the machine tool according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the main structure of a multi-tasking machine given as an embodiment of the machine tool. The multi-tasking machine 1 of this embodiment is a machine tool that has the functions of both an NC lathe and a machining center by having various processing devices. Specifically, it is an opposed two-axis lathe in which a first work spindle device 3 and a second work spindle device 4 that grip a workpiece W, and a first turret device 5 and a second turret device 6 that have multiple tools are arranged symmetrically, and in addition, a tool spindle device 2 is provided in the center of the machine body.

The first and second work spindle devices 3, 4 have the same structure, with a spindle rotatably mounted on the headstock 11, to which is attached a chuck mechanism 12 for gripping and releasing the workpiece W to be machined. The chuck mechanism 12 is rotated by the drive of a spindle motor 13, and is used to determine the phase during machining of the gripped workpiece W and to rotate it at a predetermined speed. The headstock 11 and spindle motor 13 are mounted on a spindle slide 14. The spindle slide 14 is slidable along a guide rail 15 fixed to the front inclined surface 701 of the bed 7, and is configured to move in the Z-axis direction, which is the width direction of the machine body, by a ball screw mechanism of a screw shaft 17 rotated by a Z-axis servo motor.

The first turret device 5 and the second turret device 6 have the same structure, and a plurality of turret tools Ta are attached to the turret 21 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and an arbitrary turret tool Ta can be positioned at a machining position on the circumference by controlling the rotation of the indexing servo motor 22. The first and second turret devices 5 and 6 are provided with a drive mechanism that moves the turret 21 in two directions perpendicular to the Z axis. The approximately triangular base slide 23 can slide in the YL axis direction, which is diagonally 45 degrees upward and forward, relative to the bed 7, and the turret slide 25 on which the turret 21 is mounted is assembled so that it can slide in the XL axis direction, which is diagonally 45 degrees downward and forward, relative to the base slide 23 (see FIG. 2). The base slide 23 and the turret slide 25 are configured to move in each axial direction by a ball screw mechanism of a screw shaft rotated by each servo motor.

The tool spindle device 2 is a built-in type in which a spindle servo motor and a tool spindle are built into the spindle head 31, and various spindle head tools Tb can be replaced using the tool mounting section provided at the lower end. The spindle head 31 is rotatably attached to the spindle slide 32, and is configured so that the rotation of the B-axis motor 33 is transmitted via a rotation transmission mechanism. The B-axis is a horizontal axis parallel to the Y-axis in the fore-aft direction of the machine body. The spindle head 31 is configured so that it can swing approximately 90 degrees left and right around the B-axis (see Figure 7).

The tool spindle device 2 has a guide rail fixed along the horizontal Y-axis in the fore-aft direction of the machine body, to which a base slide 35 is slidably attached. A rail is fixed to the front side of the base slide 35 along the vertical X-axis in the up-down direction of the machine body, to which a spindle slide 32 is slidably attached. Both the base slide 35 and the spindle slide 32 are provided with a ball screw mechanism, and the spindle head 31 can be moved in each axial direction by driving the Y-axis servo motor or the X-axis servo motor.

In the multitasking machine 1, the workpiece W is machined by an automatic workpiece transport device (not shown) transporting the workpiece W to the first workpiece spindle device 3 or the second workpiece spindle device 4, where it is gripped by a chuck mechanism 12. The turret tool Ta, which has been rotated and indexed by the first and second turret devices 5 and 6, is sent to a machining position for the workpiece W by the movement of the base slide 23 and the turret slide 25. Then, as the spindle slide 14 moves in the Z-axis direction, the turret tool Ta is brought into contact with the rotating workpiece W, and boring and other machining operations are performed.

In the multitasking machine 1, in the first machining of the workpiece W in the first workpiece spindle device 3, in addition to machining by the first turret device 5, machining is also performed with the tool spindle device 2, or machining is performed only by the tool spindle device 2. The same is true for the second machining in the second workpiece spindle device 4. In the machining in the tool spindle device 2, the spindle head 31 with the spindle head tool Tb attached is sent to the machining position for the workpiece W by the movement of the spindle slide 32 and the base slide 35. Then, the spindle head 41 tilts the spindle head tool Tb, which is facing vertically downward, at a predetermined angle by the rotation of the B-axis motor 43, and machining is performed on the workpiece W held by the first workpiece spindle device 3 or the second workpiece spindle device 4.

The multiple turret tools Ta attached to the first turret device 5 and the second turret device 6 and the multiple spindle head tools Tb attached to the tool spindle device 2 have different cutting edge positions, and therefore the feed amount for the workpiece W is different. In addition, both the turret tools Ta and the spindle head tools Tb wear out with use, so the feed amount needs to be corrected. Furthermore, if the cutting edge is damaged, the machined workpiece needs to be discarded or the tool needs to be replaced, so this needs to be confirmed. Therefore, the multi-tasking machine 1 is provided with a cutting edge detection device that detects the cutting edges of the turret tools Ta of the first and second turret devices 5 and 6 and the spindle head tools Tb of the tool spindle device 2.

Tool cutting edge detection is necessary for the turret tool Ta and spindle head tool Tb in the first and second turret devices 5, 6 and the tool spindle device 2, but it is not possible to provide a different cutting edge detection device for each in a small machining chamber. Therefore, in this embodiment, a common cutting edge detection device is provided for the first turret device 5 and the tool spindle device 2, and a separate cutting edge detection device is provided for the second workpiece spindle device 4. Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the cutting edge detection device 50 provided for the first turret device 5 and the tool spindle device 2.

Figure 2 shows the bed 7 in a cut-away state, with a portion of the cover that covers the first work spindle device 3, the first turret device 5, and the tool spindle device 2 to form the machining chamber. The first work spindle device 3 is provided with a spindle-side partition plate 16 so that only the tip of the chuck mechanism 12 that grips the work W protrudes into the machining chamber, preventing coolant and chips from flying toward the spindle stock 11. The cutting edge detection device 50 is configured relative to the spindle-side partition plate 16. Here, Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the detection state of the cutting edge detection device 50 when in use, and Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the storage state of the cutting edge detection device 50 when not in use, corresponding to Figure 3.

The cutting edge detection device 50 is provided with a tool setter 52 as a contact sensor at the tip of a detection arm 51, and outputs a detection signal when the tips of the turret tool Ta and the spindle head tool Tb are brought into contact with the tool setter 52. The control device of the multi-tasking machine 1 calculates the tool length from the coordinate value of the movement direction of the corresponding tool based on the detection signal from the cutting edge detection device 50. The tool length of each of the multiple turret tools Ta and spindle head tools Tb is measured in advance and re-measured at a predetermined timing when used in workpiece machining. The difference in length is then calculated as the amount of tool wear, and correction is made to the drive control for the first turret device 5 and the tool spindle device 2. If the difference in length is greater than a predetermined value, it is determined that the turret tool Ta or the spindle head tool Tb has been damaged.

The tool setter 52 has a probe 55 that is orthogonally inserted into the tip of the detection arm 51, and a detection block 56 is fixed to the tip. Here, FIG. 5 is a side view of the detection block 56 in the detection state shown in FIG. 3, viewed from the Z-axis direction parallel to the central axis O of the first work spindle device 3. In this embodiment, this detection block 56 has a shape that corresponds to the detection of the turret tool Ta and the spindle head tool Tb.

The spindle head tool Tb of the tool spindle device 2 moves along the vertical X-axis, while the turret tool Ta of the first turret device 5 moves along the XL-axis, which is inclined forward at 45 degrees from the vertical X-axis. To perform accurate measurements, the tool setter 52 requires that the cutting edge of the tool strikes the detection surface of the detection block 56 from a direction perpendicular to the tool setter 52. Therefore, the detection block 56 is formed with detection surfaces 561 and 563 perpendicular to the XL-axis, which is the direction of movement of the cutting edges of the turret tool Ta and spindle head tool Tb, and the X-axis.

In this embodiment, the detection block 56 has a cubic block with a side surface serving as the detection surface 561 for the turret tool Ta, and a corner chamfered at a 45-degree angle serving as the detection surface 562 for the spindle head tool Tb. The turret tool Ta and spindle head tool Tb include tools for external diameter machining and tools for internal diameter machining, and the orientation of the cutting edges is different. Therefore, the detection surfaces 561 and 563 are formed as two surfaces corresponding to the reciprocating directions of the XL axis and X axis along which the turret tool Ta and spindle head tool Tb move, respectively.

The cutting edge detection device 50 is configured so that the detection block 56 is positioned at the detection position by the swinging of the detection arm 51, and the detection surfaces 561, 563 are perpendicular to the XL axis or the X axis. That is, the cutting edge detection device 50 has a detection motor 58 fixed to a base 57 that is protruding from the spindle side partition plate 16 in the Z axis direction, and the base part of the detection arm 51 is fixed in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the detection motor 58. The detection arm 51 is switched by the drive of the detection motor 58 between a detection state in which the tool setter 52 stands against the spindle side partition plate 16 as shown in FIG. 3, and a retracted state in which it is approximately parallel to the spindle side partition plate 16 as shown in FIG. 4.

In the machining chamber of the multi-tasking machine 1, coolant and chips are scattered during workpiece machining. It is therefore necessary to prevent chips from adhering to the detection block 56. Therefore, in the retracted state of the cutting edge detection device 50, a holder 59 for holding the tool setter 52 is provided on the spindle side partition plate 16 so that the detection block 56 can be stored. In the retracted state, the detection arm 51 is folded by swinging so as not to get in the way in the narrow machining chamber, and is stored near the spindle side partition plate 16. At this time, since the detection arm 51 is close to the chuck mechanism 12, the detection arm 51 is formed in a folded shape to avoid interference with the gripped workpiece W. In particular, in the cutting edge detection device 50 of this embodiment, the detection block 56 contributes to the configuration that enables such compact storage.

When detecting the tools Ta and Tb for the two first turret devices 5 and the tool spindle device 2, it is generally possible to provide a cutting edge detection device for each device, or to fix a detection block corresponding to each device to a bifurcated probe extending from an arm as in the conventional example. However, there is not enough space in the machining chamber to provide a cutting edge detection device corresponding to the spindle head tool Tb of the tool spindle device 2. In addition, in the case of a cutting edge detection device in which a detection block is attached to a bifurcated probe, it is difficult to provide a holder for storing the two detection blocks in the retracted state, and even if it were possible, it would interfere with the workpiece W held by the chuck mechanism 12. Therefore, the cutting edge detection device 50 is made into a single detection block 56 having detection surfaces 561 and 563, making it possible to store it compactly in the retracted state.

Next, FIG. 6 shows the detection of the turret tool Ta of the first turret device 5, and FIG. 7 shows the detection of the spindle head tool Tb of the tool spindle device 2. First, FIG. 6 shows a view from the YL axis direction with the XL axis up and down (see FIG. 2). As the turret 21 moves in the direction of the XL axis back to the retracted position at the top of the drawing, the cutting edge of the turret tool Ta for internal diameter machining is vertically applied to the detection surface 561 of the detection block 56. On the other hand, FIG. 7 shows a view from the Y axis direction, which is horizontal in the front-rear direction of the machine body, with the X axis up and down. As the spindle head 31 is tilted 45 degrees around the B axis and moves vertically downward, the cutting edge of the spindle head tool Tb for external diameter machining is vertically applied to the detection surface 563 of the detection block 56. In either case of detection, the tool length is measured according to the detection signal output from the tool setter 52.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, since the detection block 56 of the cutting edge detection device 50 has multiple detection surfaces 561, 563 on which the cutting edges of the turret tool Ta and the spindle head tool Tb come into contact from the vertical direction, the detection block 56 alone can detect the cutting edges of the tools in the first turret device 5 and the tool spindle device 2. In addition, the cutting edge detection device 50 composed of one detection block 56 is compact. When not in use, the detection arm 51 equipped with the tool setter 52 can be swung and folded to create a retracted state, so that it can be stored near the spindle side partition plate 16 even in a narrow machining chamber, and does not interfere with the machining work of the workpiece W. In addition, since the tool setter 52 is composed of one detection block 56, the detection block 56 can be stored in the holder 59 in the retracted state.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, the cutting edge detection device has been described as being in a multi-tasking machine 1 as a machine tool, but it may be in a machine tool of a different configuration.
In the above embodiment, the cutting edge detection device for the turret tool of the second turret device 6 has a detection block on which a detection surface perpendicular to the XL axis is formed, but a cutting edge detection device 50 capable of detecting the spindle head tool Tb of the tool spindle device 2 may also be provided on the second workpiece spindle device 4 side.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1... Multi-tasking machine 2... Tool spindle device 3... First work spindle device 4... Second work spindle device 5... First turret device 6... Second turret device 12... Chuck mechanism 16... Spindle side partition plate 21... Turret 31... Spindle head 50... Cutting edge detection device 51... Detection arm 52... Tool setter 56... Detection block 58... Detection motor 59... Holder Ta... Turret tool Tb... Spindle head tool

Claims (5)

a work spindle device including a chuck mechanism for rotatably holding a work;
a first processing device and a second processing device for processing a workpiece held by the workpiece spindle device;
a cutting edge detection device for detecting cutting edges of a first tool of the first processing device and a second tool of the second processing device;
The cutting edge detection device is a machine tool having a detection block formed with multiple detection surfaces on which the cutting edge of a first tool of the first machining device and the cutting edge of a second tool of the second machining device, which are configured to move in different directions from each other , come into contact from perpendicular directions at the same detection position relative to the workpiece spindle device . The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the detection block is formed with two first detection surfaces corresponding to the reciprocating direction, which is a plane perpendicular to a first axis along which the first tool of the first processing device moves, and two second detection surfaces corresponding to the reciprocating direction, which is a plane perpendicular to a second axis along which the second tool of the second processing device moves. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, in which the cutting edge detection device is provided at the tip of a detection arm in which the detection block can swing. The machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the cutting edge detection device can be switched between a detection state and a retracted state by swinging the detection arm, and in the retracted state, the detection block is stored in a holder. The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first machining device is a turret device in which a plurality of the first tools are attached to a turret, and the second machining device is a tool spindle device in which a spindle head capable of replacing the second tools swings.

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