JP7221502B2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heat exchanger that heats a fluid by passing it through a heating tank.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a heat exchanger that heats a fluid by heating a heating tank from the outside and passing the fluid through the heating tank.

Specifically, as an electromagnetic induction heating type heat exchanger (heating device), for example, a device disclosed in Patent Document 1 can be cited.

In the configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1, the tank is filled with a heating element made of a magnetic material, and a high-frequency voltage is applied from the outside of the tank to heat the heating element. By passing the fluid through the tank, the fluid is heated.

However, the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem of poor heating efficiency. Specifically, for example, if one 10 mm steel plate is heated, the heat will be transmitted uniformly, but if two 5 mm steel plates are stacked and one of the steel plates is heated, the other steel plate will be heated by radiant heat. become. In other words, the heat is transmitted only indirectly to the other iron plate. Therefore, for example, when the inside of the tank is filled with a heating element, since the tank and the heating element are provided separately, only the heating element is heated, and the outer wall of the tank holds the solution or vapor. Therefore, the thermal efficiency is poor.

Furthermore, in Patent Document 1, since the fluid is heated by the heating element filled in the tank, there is a problem that it is difficult to control the temperature of the fluid.

In order to solve such problems, the inventors of the present application have proposed a technique disclosed in Patent Document 2.

Specifically, in the configuration disclosed in Patent Document 2, the tank and the magnetic member are integrated, and the tank is heated by an electromagnetic induction heating method. With the configuration of Patent Document 2, the heating efficiency can be significantly increased as compared with Patent Document 1 above.

Japanese patent publication "JP 2000-65312 (published on March 3, 2000)" International Patent Publication "WO2007/007763 (Published January 18, 2007)

However, there is still room for improvement in improving the heating efficiency according to the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger capable of further improving heating efficiency.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the heat exchanger according to the present invention includes a heating tank having therein a compartment for retaining the inflowed fluid, and heats the compartment inside by heating from the outside of the heating tank. A heat exchanger for heating the stagnant fluid, comprising a plurality of substantially disk-shaped metal members having a plurality of discharge holes that are passages of the fluid, each of the metal members being in the heating tank The plate surfaces are arranged so as to face each other, and the axis connecting the center points of the plate surfaces is arranged along the inflow direction of the fluid. wherein, for each of the plurality of discharge holes of the metal member, a straight line connecting an inlet and an outlet of the discharge hole is oblique to a facing surface of the metal member on the outlet side. and

According to the heat exchanger of the present invention, it is possible to further improve the heating efficiency.

1 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger according to another embodiment of the present invention; An example of the metal member which comprises the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 2 is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is an AA line arrow end view. The metal member shown in FIG. 3 is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a BB line arrow end view. Fig. 3 shows another example of a metal member constituting the heat exchanger shown in Fig. 2, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a CC line end view. The metal member shown in FIG. 5 is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a DD line arrow end view. FIG. 5 shows a state in which the fluid discharged from the metal member collides with the opposing metal member, (a) showing an example of the metal member shown in FIG. 3, and (b) showing an example of the metal member shown in FIG. be. 3 is a graph showing results of performance tests of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 2; 7 is a graph showing the results of performance tests of heat exchangers of comparative examples.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

First, before describing the heat exchanger according to the present embodiment, the basic heat exchange principle of the heat exchanger of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In addition, in this embodiment, the fluid may be a gas or a liquid.

(Schematic configuration of heat exchanger)
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a heat exchanger 101 for explaining the basic heat exchange principle of the heat exchanger of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 101 includes a heating tank 130 containing a plurality of metal members 110 therein, and a supply port serving as an inlet for fluid (arrows in the figure) for supplying fluid to the heating tank 130. 111 and a discharge port 112 serving as an outlet for the fluid discharged from the heating tank 130 .

The metal member 110 is made of a substantially disk-shaped metal plate, and is arranged in the heating tank 130 at predetermined intervals in the direction in which the fluid advances so that the plate surfaces face each other. The metal member 110 is positioned by passing a positioning shaft 113 through a through hole 110 c formed in the center of the metal member 110 .

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the metal member 110 is formed with a plurality of discharge holes 110e penetrating in the thickness direction. The discharge hole 110e is positioned closer to the peripheral end surface 110d than the central portion of the plane corresponding to the partition wall of the compartment 114 (details will be described later) formed when the metal members 110 are welded together near the peripheral end surface 110d (peripheral end surface 110d). It is preferably formed at a position from the end face 110d to a position up to the distance d5), and in particular, it is preferably formed at a position near the peripheral end face 110d which becomes hot. Moreover, it is preferable that the discharge holes 110e formed in the adjacent metal members 110 are formed so as not to overlap each other in the direction in which the fluid passing through the heating tank 130 advances. In other words, since the ejection hole 110e is formed at a position closer to the peripheral end surface 110d than the central portion of the metal member 110, the fluid ejected from the ejection hole 110e is the same as that of the fluid in the metal member 110 adjacent to the downstream side. It hits the second surface 110b, which is the surface on the inflow side, and stays in the vicinity of the peripheral end surface 110d of the metal member 110 while forming a high-speed rotating vortex. Efficient fluid heating can be achieved. In addition, the position of the discharge hole 110e is not limited to the position described above.

Further, the number of discharge holes 110e in each metal member 110, the size (diameter), shape, etc. of each discharge hole 110e are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined according to the amount of fluid supplied to the heat exchanger 101. You can set it.

The heating tank 130 is made of a substantially cylindrical metal cylinder whose inner diameter is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the metal member 110 . As a result, the peripheral end surface 110d of the metal member 110 placed in the heating tank 130 is in close contact with the inner surface 130a of the heating tank 130 . In order to eliminate the gap between the peripheral end surface 110d of the metal member 110 and the inner surface 130a of the heating tank 130, the contact portion is metal-welded. If the degree of contact between the peripheral end surface 110d of the metal member 110 and the inner surface 130a of the heating tank 130 is high, metal welding may be omitted.

Moreover, when the heating tank 130 and the metal member 110 are made of the same metal, the heating tank 130 and the metal member 110 may be integrally formed. In this case, it is formed by pouring molten metal into a desired mold. In this way, if the heating tank 130 and the metal member 110 are integrally formed, the inner surface 130a of the heating tank 130 and the metal member 110 can be separated from each other as in the case where the heating tank 130 and the metal member 110 are provided as separate members. It is not necessary to consider the degree of adhesion of the contact portion of 110 with the peripheral end face 110d.

In the heating tank 130, among the adjacent metal members 110, the first surface 110a, which is the fluid outflow side surface of the upstream metal member 110, and the fluid inflow side surface of the downstream metal member 110 A space surrounded by a certain second surface 110 b and the inner surface 130 a of the heating tank 130 is called a compartment 114 . That is, a plurality of partitioned chambers 114 are formed within the heating tank 130 .

In the partitioned chamber 114, the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 110e formed in the metal member 110 on the upstream side of the two metal members 110 hits the second surface 110b of the metal member 110 on the downstream side and is disturbed. It flows and stays. In the partitioned chamber 114, the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 110e hits the second surface 110b of the metal member 110 at high speed, so that the turbulent flow changes into a high-speed rotating eddy current. Then, the fluid staying in the partitioned chamber 114 is sent to the adjacent partitioned chamber 114 arranged in the advancing direction of the fluid. In this manner, the fluid is sequentially directed to the downstream compartments 114 and discharged through the outlet 112 of the heating tank 130 .

The heat exchanger 101 heats the heating tank 130 by heating the heating tank 130 from the outside. As a result, while staying in the compartments 114 formed in the heating tank 130, the fluid passing through the adjacent compartments 114 on the downstream side in sequence continues to be heated.

(heating principle)
The heat exchanger 101 is heated by heating means from the outside. As a heating means for heating the heat exchanger 101 from the outside of the heat exchanger 101, any means may be used. If the metal member 110 constituting the exchanger 101 is made of a material compatible with IH (induction heating) such as a magnetic material, it may be heated by electromagnetic induction.

Here, the case where the heat exchanger 101 is heated using an electromagnetic induction heating method, that is, the case where the heat exchanger 101 is heated using a high-frequency AC power supply will be described. Here, the high frequency of the high frequency AC power supply means a frequency higher than the frequency of 50 to 60 Hz of the household power supply. It is applicable in a wide range.

In order to adopt the electromagnetic induction heating method, it is necessary to use a material that generates an eddy current when a high-frequency AC voltage is applied from the outside as a material forming the metal member 110 . Such materials include, for example, magnetic substances. Specific examples of the metal member 110 that is a magnetic material include a strongly magnetic metal such as iron, and stainless steel (SUS) 430 . This is because the Curie temperature should be as high as possible. Therefore, it is necessary to efficiently heat the entire metal member 110 to just before exceeding the Curie temperature. Therefore, the metal member 110 shown in FIG. 1 has the following shape.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the metal member 110 has a plate-like shape, and its thickness in the cross-sectional direction is formed so as to be thinner on the through hole 110c side than on the peripheral end face 110d side. Specifically, the metal member 110 is formed such that the thickness is the same from the peripheral end face 110d toward the through hole 110c to the distance d5, and the thickness gradually decreases toward the through hole 110c after passing the distance d5. there is In other words, the metal member 110 is thinner on the side of the through hole 110c than on the side of the peripheral end face 110d on the heat supply side from the outside, and is the thinnest near the through hole 110c. ing.

Thus, the metal member 110 is composed of a first portion having a constant thickness from the peripheral end surface 110d to the distance d5 and a second portion having a gradually reduced thickness from the distance d5 to the through hole 110c.

Therefore, in the metal member 110, the second portion where the thickness is gradually reduced dissipates heat more easily than the first portion where the thickness is constant. The heat generated is easily dissipated at the thin second portion. As a result, even if the metal member 110 is heated from the first portion close to the heat source, the heat is radiated from the second portion far from the heat source, so that the heat from the heat source is easily transmitted to the entire metal member 110. As a result, the entire metal member 110 can be heated to a very high temperature. Therefore, it is possible to heat the metal member 110 from the peripheral end surface 110d to the through hole 110c substantially uniformly to a temperature close to the Curie temperature.

For example, if the Curie temperature of stainless steel is approximately 700° C., the fluid in the compartment 114 surrounded by the metal member 110 heated to near the Curie temperature (approximately 700° C.) stays in the compartment 114. Therefore, the metal member 110 is heated to a very high temperature (close to 700° C.). The fluid heated to a very high temperature in this way moves sequentially to the adjacent compartments 114 and is discharged through the outlet 112 while continuing to be heated. Here, if the fluid flowing into the supply port 111 of the heat exchanger 101 is water vapor, it is continuously heated to near the Curie temperature of the metal member 110 in each compartment 114 in the heat exchanger 101, and the metal member It exits through outlet 112 as superheated steam heated to near the Curie temperature of 110 .

As described above, the metal member 110 has the same thickness from the peripheral end surface 110d toward the through hole 110c to the distance d5, and after passing the distance d5, is formed so as to gradually become thinner toward the through hole 110c. there is Therefore, the partitioned chamber 114 formed by the adjacent metal members 110 is a space in which the central portion of the heating tank 130 is wider than the peripheral portion. Since the center of the compartment 114 is wider than the periphery, the internal pressure of the center is lower than that of the periphery of the compartment 114, so that the fluid gathers in the center of the compartment 114. A vortex is formed in the center by the fluid. The forced convective heat transfer and turbulent heat transfer due to this vortex promote heat exchange in the compartment 114 and can increase heating efficiency. In addition, as the fluid flows in the compartment 114 for a longer period of time, the fluid circulates in the compartment 114 and repeatedly contacts with the high-temperature wall surface. can be further enhanced.

Further, expansion of the fluid due to heating accelerates the fluid further from the upstream compartment 114 to the downstream compartment 114 . As a result, the heat transfer characteristics improve as the fluid velocity increases, so the heat transfer characteristics synergistically improve as the flow moves toward the partitioned chamber 114 on the downstream side, and the heating efficiency of the heat exchanger 101 as a whole improves dramatically. do. Further, the flow rate of the fluid passing through the heat exchanger 101 can be increased by accelerating the fluid from the compartment 114 on the upstream side toward the compartment 114 on the downstream side.

(Effect: superheated steam temperature)
The heat exchanger 101 configured as described above can achieve a heating exchange rate that is significantly superior to that of a conventional heat exchanger. For example, the performance of the heat exchanger 101 can be confirmed under the following conditions.

Supply saturated steam pressure: 0.15 MPa
Supply saturated steam flow rate: 100 kg/h
Here, the heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. 110d thickness d4=10 mm, d4=10 mm uniform distance between the peripheral end face 110d of the metal member 110 and the through hole 110c d5=15 mm, thickness d6 of the through hole 110c of the metal member 110=3 mm, shaft 13 Outer diameter d7=12 mm. The number of metal members 10 is sixteen. The number of the metal members 110 is preferably 16 to 18, and is appropriately selected depending on the thickness of the metal members 110, the structure such as the inner diameter of the discharge hole 110e, the heating conditions of the heating tank 130, and the like.

Here, the temperature of the superheated steam obtained by the heat exchanger 101 is the temperature of the fluid discharged from the outlet 112 of the heat exchanger 101 .

When the heat generating body temperature (the temperature of the metal member 110) is about 530°C, the superheated steam temperature in the heat exchanger 101 shown in Fig. 1 is about 500°C.

In addition, the surface area of the heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. 1 with which the fluid inflowing from the supply port 111 is discharged from the discharge port 112 is about 10000 mm ² . That is, in the heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. The surface area in contact with the fluid in the exchanger 101 is approximately 0.3 m ² .

In addition, if the surface area of the heat exchanger 101 in contact with the fluid is about 0.3 m ² , when the saturated steam flow rate in the heat exchanger 101 is 100 kg / h, the volume when heated to 500 ° C. When heated to 550° C., the volume increases to about 3700 times that of the flow. Thus, by using the heat exchanger 101, a very large volume of superheated steam can be obtained.

Therefore, according to the heat exchanger 101 having the above configuration, when the heat exchange rate is the same, the surface area with which the fluid contacts can be significantly reduced as compared with the heat exchanger having the conventional honeycomb structure. Therefore, if the heat exchange rate is the same, it is possible to realize a heat exchanger with a very small overall device size compared to a heat exchanger having a physically large contact area such as a honeycomb structure.

In the present invention, further improvements are made to the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1 to realize a small-sized heat exchanger capable of further improving the heat exchange efficiency. This heat exchanger will be described in Embodiment 1 below.

[Embodiment 1]
Embodiments of the present invention are described below.

(Overview of heat exchanger)
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the heat exchanger 1 according to this embodiment. The heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 2 has substantially the same configuration as the heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. 1, but the structure of the metal member 10 is different.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the heat exchanger 1 serves as a heating tank 30 containing a plurality of metal members 10 therein and an inlet for fluid (arrows in the figure) for supplying fluid to the heating tank 30. A supply port 11 and a discharge port 12 serving as an outlet for the fluid discharged from the heating tank 30 are provided. The heat exchanger 1 has substantially the same configuration as the heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. 1, but the configuration of the metal member 10 is different. In other words, the metal member 10 has the same function as the metal member 110 shown in FIG. 1, and further, the fluid circulates in the compartment 14 and repeatedly contacts with the high-temperature wall surface, thereby increasing the effective heat transfer area. It has a configuration in which an increase effect can be obtained.

The metal member 10 is made of a substantially disk-shaped metal plate, and is arranged in the heating tank 30 at predetermined intervals in the direction in which the fluid advances so that the plate surfaces face each other. The metal member 10 is positioned by passing a positioning shaft 13 through a through hole 10 c formed in the center of the metal member 10 . Each metal member 10 is fixed in place on the shaft 13 by metal welding. That is, the metal members 10 are arranged so that their plate surfaces face each other in the heating tank 30, and the axis connecting the center points of the respective plate surfaces is arranged along the inflow direction of the fluid.

In addition, the metal member 10 arranged in the heating tank 30 moves from the upstream side toward the downstream side of the fluid flow (hereinafter simply referred to as the upstream side and the downstream side) at least at the most upstream position (supply port 11). The thickness D1 of the metal member 10 disposed on the downstream side) is formed thicker than the thickness D2 of the adjacent metal member 10 disposed on the downstream side. Further, the thickness D3 of the metal member 10 arranged on the downstream side adjacent to the metal member 10 having the thickness D2 is formed thinner than the thickness D2. That is, the thicknesses of the two metal members 10 arranged adjacently have a relationship of D1>D2>D3. Note that the relationship D1>D2=D3 may be satisfied. Further, the thickness of the fourth and subsequent metal members 10 may be thinner than the thickness of the metal member 10 on the upstream side thereof, or may be the same thickness. Also, all the metal members 10 may have the same thickness. Details of the metal member 10 will be described later.

The heating tank 30 is formed of a substantially cylindrical metal cylinder whose inner diameter is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the metal member 10 . As a result, the peripheral end surface 10d of the metal member 10 placed in the heating tank 30 is in close contact with the inner surface 30a of the heating tank 30 . In order to eliminate the gap between the peripheral end surface 10d of the metal member 10 and the inner surface 30a of the heating tank 30, the contact portion is metal-welded. If the degree of contact between the peripheral end surface 10d of the metal member 10 and the inner surface 30a of the heating tank 30 is high, metal welding may be omitted.

In the heating tank 30, among the adjacent metal members 10, the first surface 10a, which is the fluid outflow side surface of the upstream metal member 10, and the fluid inflow side surface of the downstream metal member 10 A space surrounded by a certain second surface 10b and the inner surface 30a of the heating tank 30 is called a compartment 14. As shown in FIG. That is, a plurality of partitioned chambers 14 are formed within the heating tank 30 . In the compartment 14, the fluid that has flowed from the second surface 10b of the metal member 10 on the upstream side is discharged from the first surface 10a of the metal member 10 on the downstream side toward the first surface 10a of the metal member 10 on the downstream side.

In the partitioned chamber 14, the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 10e formed in the metal member 10 on the upstream side of the adjacent metal members 10 hits the second surface 10b of the metal member 10 on the downstream side and is disturbed. It flows and stays. In the partitioned chamber 14, the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 10e hits the second surface 10b of the metal member 10 at high speed, so that the turbulent flow changes into a high-speed rotating eddy current. The fluid retained in the partitioned chamber 14 is discharged from the ejection hole 10e formed in the metal member 10 and sent to the adjacent partitioned chamber 14 arranged in the traveling direction of the fluid. In this manner, the fluid is sequentially directed to the downstream compartments 14 and discharged through the outlet 12 of the heating tank 30 .

The heat exchanger 1 heats the heating tank 30 by heating the heating tank 30 from the outside. As a result, while staying in the compartments 14 formed in the heating tank 30, the fluid that sequentially passes through the adjacent compartments 14 on the downstream side continues to be heated.

In the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 2 as well, the heating means uses an electromagnetic induction heating method, similarly to the heat exchanger 101 in FIG.

(Metal member)
The metal member 10 arranged in the heating tank 30 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3(a) is a front view of the metal member 10 viewed from the fluid input surface side, and FIG. 3(b) is an end surface of the metal member 10 shown in FIG. It is a diagram. FIG. 4(a) is a front view of the metal member 10 viewed from the fluid input surface side, and FIG. 4(b) is a cross section of the metal member 10 shown in FIG. It is a diagram.

As shown in FIGS. 3(b) and 4(b), the metal member 10 has a plate-like shape, and its thickness in the cross-sectional direction is thinner on the side of the through hole 10c than on the side of the peripheral end face 10d. is formed as Specifically, similarly to the metal member 110 shown in FIG. 1, the thickness is the same from the peripheral end surface 10d toward the through hole 10c to a predetermined distance, and after passing the predetermined distance, the thickness gradually increases toward the through hole 10c. Metal member 10 is formed to be thin. In other words, the thickness of the metal member 10 is thinner on the side of the through hole 10c than on the side of the peripheral end face 10d, and is the thinnest in the vicinity of the through hole 10c.

Thus, in the metal member 10 of the heat exchanger 1 as well, similarly to the metal member 110 of the heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. is constant, and the thickness from there to the through hole 10c is gradually reduced. That is, the metal member 10 includes a first portion having a constant thickness from the peripheral end surface 10d to a predetermined distance, and a second portion having a gradually reduced thickness from the predetermined distance to the through hole 10c. . Therefore, the metal member 10 conducts heat in the same manner as the metal member 110 does. The metal member 10 differs from the metal member 110 in the structure of the discharge hole 10e, the protrusion 10f formed by a spiral continuous protrusion on the second surface 10b, and the position where the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 10e hits. , and a substantially conical protrusion 10g formed on the .

First, the ejection holes 10e formed in the metal member 10 will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the metal member 10 has a plurality of discharge holes 10e, which are fluid passages.

The discharge hole 10e has a fluid inlet 10eIN formed on the second surface 10b side, which is the fluid inflow side, and a fluid outlet 10eOUT formed on the first surface 10a side, which is the fluid discharge side. there is The inlet 10eIN of the discharge hole 10e is located on a concentric circle centered on the center point of the metal member 10, and the outlet 10eOUT is located on a concentric circle centered on the center point of the metal member 10. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the inlet 10eIN and the outlet 10eOUT of the discharge hole 10e are obliquely offset from the extending direction of the through hole 10c through which the shaft 13 passes. Each of the discharge holes 10e is formed so that the penetrating direction of the through hole connecting the inlet 10eIN and the outlet 10eOUT has the same inclination angle with respect to the extending direction of the shaft 13. As shown in FIG. Accordingly, the fluid discharged from each discharge hole 10e is discharged obliquely in the same direction with respect to the first surface 10a of the adjacent metal member 10 arranged oppositely. As a result, the discharged fluid forms a vortex around the through-hole 10c in the compartment formed between the two metal members 10. As shown in FIG. In order to appropriately form the swirling flow, it is preferable that the direction and the distance by which the inlet 10eIN and the outlet 10eOUT of the discharge holes 10e are shifted are common to each of the discharge holes 10e. In other words, each of the discharge holes 10e is arranged such that the penetrating direction thereof has the same inclination angle with respect to the extending direction of the shaft 13 so that the fluid discharged from the outlet of the discharge holes 10e can form a swirling flow. formed.

From the above, for each of the plurality of ejection holes 10e of the metal member 10, the inlet 10eIN and the outlet 10eOUT of the ejection hole 10e are formed on concentric circles centered on the center point of the metal member 10, and A straight line connecting the inlet 10eIN and the outlet 10eOUT of the discharge hole 10e and the extending direction of the shaft 13 are at a twisted position. 10eOUT, the angle formed by the extending direction of the shaft 13 should be the same.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4A, the discharge holes 10e may be formed on concentric circles having different distances (radii) from the through hole 10c. In this case, the through holes 10c are preferably not arranged on the same straight line radially extending from the through holes 10c.

As a result, the direction of movement of the fluid passing through each of the discharge holes 10e is shifted by the same angle in the same rotational direction with respect to the extension direction of the shaft 13, and then obliquely toward the second surface 10b of the metal member 10 in the lower stage. Hit from any direction. Thus, a vortex is formed each time the fluid passes through the metal member 10 . That is, the fluid stays for a long time in the partitioned chamber 14 formed from the peripheral end surface 10d of the metal member 10 to the through hole 10c while forming a high-speed rotating vortex, increasing the effective heat transfer area and forcing convection heat transfer by the vortex. can provide very efficient heating of the fluid.

Further, the number of discharge holes 10e in each metal member 10, the size (diameter), shape, etc. of each discharge hole 10e are not particularly limited, and are appropriately set according to the amount of fluid supplied to the heat exchanger 1. do it. For example, the shape of the ejection hole 10e may be circular or rectangular.

In the metal member 10, the distance from the center of the inlet of the discharge hole 10e to the center of the metal member 10 is the same as the distance from the center of the outlet of the discharge hole 10e to the center of the metal member 10. may be different.

Moreover, in order to properly form the swirl, it is preferable to satisfy the following three conditions for each of the discharge holes 10e as described above. (1) The inlet 10eIN and the outlet 10eOUT of the discharge hole 10e are formed on a concentric circle centered on the center point of the metal member 10, and are formed at equal intervals on the same circumference. (2) A straight line connecting the inlet 10eIN and the outlet 10eOUT of the discharge hole 10e and the extension direction of the shaft 13 are at a twisted position. (3) Each straight line connecting the inlet 10eIN and the outlet 10eOUT of the discharge hole 10e forms the same angle with the direction in which the shaft 13 extends.

However, the positional relationship between the inlet 10eIN and the outlet 10eOUT of the discharge hole 10e does not necessarily have to be the relationship described above in order to form a vortex in the partitioned chamber 14 . In other words, the straight line connecting the inlet 10eIN and the outlet 10eOUT of the discharge hole 10e and the extension direction of the shaft 13 must be in a twisted position, but the straight line connecting the inlet 10eIN and the outlet 10eOUT of the discharge hole 10e is not necessary. , the angle formed with the extension direction of the shaft 13 need not be the same. In other words, each ejection hole 10e of the metal member 10 need not be formed to eject the fluid in the same direction as long as the fluid can be ejected not perpendicularly but obliquely to the second surface 10b of the metal member 10 facing each other.

Next, the protrusion 10f formed on the second surface 10b of the metal member 10 will be described.

On the second surface 10b of the metal member 10, as shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 4(a), a continuous spiral shape around the center (through hole 10c) of the metal member 10 The formed protrusion 10f is arranged. The protruding portion 10f is made of a ridge-like member formed in a spiral shape, and is formed in the compartment 14 along a desired vortex flow direction. However, the protrusion 10f is formed so as not to directly hit the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 10e of the metal member 10 facing it. The protrusion 10f functions only to guide the fluid in the compartment 14 in the direction in which the fluid flows. As a result, the fluid in the partitioned chamber 14 advances along the protrusion 10f, so that a higher speed vortex can be formed. In this way, the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 10e becomes a high-speed eddy current in the partitioned chamber 14 due to the spiral protrusion 10f, so that the fluid can be in contact with the metal member 10 heated to a high temperature for a longer period of time. . As a result, the fluid can be heated very efficiently by further increasing the effective heat transfer area and forced convection heat transfer by the vortex.

In addition, as described above, the protrusion 10f is not formed at a position where the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 10e directly hits. As shown in FIGS. 3(b) and 4(b), a projection 10g is formed at a position where the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 10e directly hits.

Next, the protrusion 10g formed on the second surface 10b of the metal member 10 will be described.

As shown in (b) of FIG. 3 and (b) of FIG. It is formed at a position on a straight line connecting the inlet 10eIN and the outlet 10eOUT of the discharge hole 10e of the metal member 10 arranged adjacently on the upstream side of the metal member 10 . As a result, the fluid ejected from the ejection hole 10e hits the protrusion 10g and diffuses as shown in FIG. 7(a). In other words, the projecting portion 10g functions as a diffusion member that diffuses the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 10e within the compartment 14. As shown in FIG. The protrusion 10g is, for example, conical, and the size of the bottom surface is preferably about the same as or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the discharge hole 10e, but may be larger.

Here, as described above, the ejection hole 10e of the metal member 10 is inclined with respect to the second surface 10b of the metal member 10 facing it. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7A, the fluid discharged from the discharge holes 10e obliquely hits the protrusions 10g of the second surface 10b. If the direction of inclination of each discharge hole 10e is along the direction of rotation of the vortex, the fluid discharged from each discharge hole 10e obliquely hits the protrusion 10g and is more likely to be diffused and to generate turbulence. In this case, by aligning the inclination direction of each discharge hole 10e with the spiral direction of the spiral protrusion 10f, the fluid in the partitioned chamber 14 becomes a whirlpool at a higher speed, and the fluid in the partitioned chamber 14 becomes hot. contact time (residence time) with the metal member 10 becomes longer.

In addition, the protrusion 10g is not limited to a conical shape, and may have any shape as long as the discharged fluid can be diffused by hitting it, and is not particularly limited. As the protrusion 10g, for example, any protrusion may be used as long as it protrudes from the surface of the second surface 10b. However, unlike the protrusion 10f, the protrusion 10g is not formed continuously, but is formed fragmentarily at a position where the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 10e directly hits.

The protrusions 10f and 10g of the metal member 10 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 may be replaced with continuous recesses and discontinuous recesses, respectively. For example, instead of the metal member 10, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a recess 10i consisting of a continuous spiral recess instead of the protrusion 10f and a recess of a discontinuous recess instead of the protrusion 10g. 10h is formed on the second surface 10b of the metal member 10A, the same effect as that of the metal member 10 can be obtained. As with the projection 10g, as shown in FIG. 7B, the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 10e is diffused when it hits the recess 10h.

In addition, as shown in (b) of FIG. 3, only the protrusion 10g is formed on the second surface 10b, and as shown in (b) of FIG. 5, only the recess 10h is formed on the second surface 10b. However, the protrusion 10g and the recess 10h may be mixed for the purpose of forming a turbulent flow. However, even if the projection 10g and the recess 10h are mixed, they are each formed at a position where the fluid discharged from the discharge hole 10e hits.

Also, the shape of the metal member 10 (10A) is not particularly limited, but any shape that allows the peripheral end surface 10d to be in close contact with the inner surface 30a of the heating tank 30 may be used. That is, the shape of the metal member 10 (10A) may be determined according to the shape of the inside of the heating tank 30. FIG. For example, if the shape of the inside of the heating tank 30 is circular, the shape of the metal member 10 (10A) is circular, if it is elliptical, it is elliptical, if it is rectangular, it is rectangular. It should be rectangular.

The material of the metal member 10 (10A) may be appropriately set according to the application of the heat exchanger 1 to be used. For example, when the heated fluid discharged from the heat exchanger 1 is used for food, it is preferable to use a rust-free material such as stainless steel. It should be noted that the material of the metal member 10 (10A) is preferably a metal with high thermal conductivity. Specifically, for example, iron, aluminum, copper, or the like may be used as the material forming the metal member 10 (10A), or an alloy may be used.

In this embodiment, an electromagnetic induction heating method is employed as a method for heating the heat exchanger 1 . Therefore, it is necessary to use a material that generates an eddy current when a high-frequency AC voltage is applied from the outside as a material for forming the metal member 10 (10A). Such materials include, for example, magnetic substances. As the metal member 10 which is a magnetic material, specifically, for example, a strongly magnetic metal such as iron, and stainless steel (SUS) 430 can be used.

(Method for manufacturing heat exchanger)
Here, a method for manufacturing the heat exchanger 1 will be described. In the following description, the case of using the disk-shaped metal member 10 will be described with reference to the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG.

First, a disk-shaped metal member 10 is prepared. Here, SUS430 is used as the disc-shaped metal member 10 .

Next, one side of the disk-shaped metal member 10 is ground so that the thickness becomes thinner from the peripheral portion toward the central portion. Specifically, the metal member 10 is ground using a lathe.

Next, a through hole 10c is formed in the center of the metal members 10 in order to adjust the position between the metal members 10. As shown in FIG. The through hole 10c is formed for easy positioning and is not necessarily required.

After that, a discharge hole 10 e is formed in the metal member 10 .

Next, a positioning shaft 13 is passed through a through hole 10c formed in the center of the metal member 10, and a plurality of metal members 10 are passed through the shaft 13. As shown in FIG.

After that, the peripheral end surface 10d of the metal member 10 is metal-welded to the inner surface 30a of the heating tank 30 to fix each metal member 10 at a predetermined position within the heating tank 30 . When positioning is performed using the shaft 13, the shaft 13 and the metal member 10 may or may not be welded.

Finally, a fluid supply port 11 and a fluid discharge port 12 are attached to both ends of the heating tank 30 . The heat exchanger 1 is manufactured as described above.

In the above description, the flat metal member 10 is ground to produce the metal member 10 whose inner portion is thinner than the peripheral portion. If thin metal member 10 is used, the grinding step is not necessary.

In the above description, welding is performed after all of the plurality of metal members 10 to be welded on the inner surface of the heating tank 30 are positioned. After that, another metal member 10 may be placed on top of this and welded.

Welding also includes, for example, cold welding in addition to at least one conventional welding such as electric welding, laser welding, argon welding and gas welding. Also, the above-exemplified welding may be appropriately combined.

(performance comparison)
FIG. 8 is a graph showing performance test results of the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of the performance test of the heat exchanger of the comparative example. Here, in the heat exchanger of the comparative example, the thickness of the metal member 10 in the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 2 is the same from the peripheral end face 10d to the through hole 10c. Also, the number of metal members 10 is 16. As shown in FIG. Also, the heat exchanger of the comparative example is substantially the same as the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. .

Performance tests were conducted under the following conditions.

Supply saturated steam pressure: 0.15 MPa
Supply saturated steam flow rate: 100 kg/h
From the start of heating until the temperature of the superheated steam stabilizes: about 20 kw
After stabilization of superheated steam temperature: about 14.8 kw
Here, the performance of the heat exchangers is compared by comparing the temperature of the superheated steam obtained by the heat exchangers (the temperature for 60 minutes after the rated temperature is stabilized). Also, the temperature of the superheated steam is measured at the outlet temperature from which the fluid of the heat exchanger is discharged.

From the graph of FIG. 8, when the heat generating main body temperature is about 630° C., the superheated steam temperature in the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 2 is about 600° C. From the graph of FIG. , the superheated steam temperature in the heat exchanger of the comparative example was about 500°C. Thus, it can be seen that the superheated steam temperature of the heat exchanger 1 is about 100° C. higher than that of the conventional heat exchanger. Moreover, even though the power consumption value is the same, the graph shown in FIG. 8, that is, the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. In other words, it can be seen that a significantly higher heating exchange rate than the conventional heat exchanger can be achieved. By devising the penetration direction of the discharge hole 10e formed in the metal member 10, the fluid stays in the partition chamber 14 for a long time while forming a high-speed rotating vortex, increasing the effective heat transfer area and This is because the fluid can be heated very efficiently by forced convection heat transfer.

On the other hand, in the heat exchanger of the comparative example, the discharge hole of the metal member is formed parallel to the traveling direction of the fluid passing through the heating tank, like the heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. , the residence time of the fluid in the compartment 114 is shorter than in the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. As a result, the fluid cannot be sufficiently heated.

The difference in performance also depends on the temperature of the heat-generating body, that is, the temperature of the metal member. Metal member 10 in heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. Since the second portion, which has a gradually reduced thickness, dissipates heat more easily than the first portion, which has a constant thickness, the metal member 10 extends from the peripheral end surface 10d of the metal member 10 to the through hole 10c. can be heated almost uniformly to a temperature near the Curie temperature. Therefore, the steam remaining in the compartment 14 can continue to be heated at a higher temperature.

On the other hand, if the thickness of the metal member is the same from the peripheral end surface to the through-hole, it becomes difficult to dissipate heat from any part of the metal member. , it is necessary to heat the peripheral end face side of the metal member to a temperature equal to or higher than the Curie temperature, which is not realistic. In other words, unlike the metal member 10, the area from the peripheral end surface to the through hole cannot be uniformly heated to a temperature close to the Curie temperature. Therefore, the steam remaining in the compartment cannot be heated continuously at a higher temperature.

(effect)
According to the above configuration, the fluid that has passed through each of the discharge holes 10e deviates from the extension direction of the shaft 13 in the same direction by the same angle, and then moves toward the second surface 10b of the metal member 10 in the lower stage. hit from an oblique direction. Therefore, every time the fluid passes through the metal member 10, a vortex is formed. Further, of the two metal members 10 constituting the wall of the partitioned chamber 14, the surface (second surface 10b) into which the fluid flows of the metal member 10 arranged on the downstream side in the fluid inflow direction has a spiral protrusion. 10f is formed, the turbulence formed on the second surface 10b of the downstream metal member 10 by the fluid discharged from the discharge holes 10e of the upstream metal member 10 constituting the wall in the compartment 14 is reduced. The flow moves spirally along the protrusion 10f.

For these reasons, a high-speed rotating eddy current of the fluid is formed in the compartment 14, so that the fluid circulates in the compartment 14 and repeats contact with the high-temperature wall surface at high speed, resulting in an increase in the effective heat transfer area. can be obtained, and the heating efficiency can be improved.

Therefore, since the effective heat transfer area of the fluid is increased to increase the heating efficiency, a sufficiently high heating efficiency can be obtained without enlarging the heat exchanger itself as in the conventional art. In addition, the fluid can be retained in the partition chamber 14 for a long period of time simply by devising the through-hole direction of the discharge hole 10e. can be suppressed. In other words, in order to obtain the same heating efficiency, the heat exchanger 1 of this embodiment is smaller in size and consumes less power than the conventional heat exchanger.

Furthermore, since the metal member 10 is formed so that the inner side portion is thinner than the peripheral edge portion, the heat supplied from the outside is efficiently transmitted from the peripheral edge portion to the central portion of the metal member 10. It will happen. Therefore, since the walls forming the compartment 14 are sufficiently heated, the fluid guided to the compartment 14 can be sufficiently heated as compared with the conventional case.

In addition, regarding the wall thickness of the adjacent metal members 10 arranged in the heating tank 30, the thickness of the metal member 10 arranged on the downstream side is larger than that of the metal member 10 arranged on the upstream side in the inflow direction of the fluid. Being thin allows heat from the upstream side to be transferred to the downstream side at high speed and efficiency, so that the heat transfer characteristics can be further improved and the fluid can be heated more favorably. As a result, the sufficiently heated fluid on the upstream side in the inflow direction of the fluid is guided to the compartment 14 on the downstream side while maintaining its high temperature, so that it is possible to obtain sufficiently heated fluid. Become.

Normally, in order to increase the heat exchange efficiency of a heat exchanger, it is necessary to increase the effective heat transfer area itself, which increases the area of the heat exchange sites (fins, etc.) and increases the size of the heat exchanger itself.

On the other hand, in the heat exchanger 1 of the present embodiment, as described above, in order to increase the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 1, the fluid forms a high-speed rotating vortex in the compartment 14, resulting in effective transmission. Since the effect of increasing the heat area is obtained, there is no need to increase the effective heat transfer area itself. Therefore, in order to obtain the same heat exchange rate, the size of the heat exchanger 1 according to this embodiment can be made smaller than that of the conventional heat exchanger.

As described above, in order to be heated to near the Curie temperature and to form a high-speed rotating vortex in the compartment 14, the metal member 10 having the configuration described above is not limited, and other metal members may be used. .

[Aspect 1]
The heat exchanger of the present invention comprises a heating tank having therein a compartment for retaining the inflowed fluid, and heats the fluid retained in the compartment by heating from the outside of the heating tank. A heat exchanger comprising a plurality of substantially disc-shaped metal members having a plurality of discharge holes that are fluid passages, and each of the metal members being arranged so that the plate surfaces face each other in the heating tank. and the axis connecting the center points of the plate surfaces is arranged along the inflow direction of the fluid, and the wall of the compartment is composed of at least two adjacent metal members, and the metal members have For each of the plurality of discharge holes, an inlet and an outlet of the discharge hole are formed on a concentric circle centered on the center point of the metal member, and are formed at equal intervals on the same circumference. 1. A heat exchanger characterized in that a straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole is inclined with respect to the facing surface of the metal member on the outlet side.

According to the above configuration, the fluid passing through each of the discharge holes 10e is shifted in the same direction by the same angle with respect to the extension direction of the shaft 13, and then moves toward the second surface 10b of the lower metal member 10. hit from an oblique direction. Therefore, every time the fluid passes through the metal member 10, a vortex is formed. As a result, a high-speed rotating eddy current of the fluid is formed in the compartment, so the fluid circulates in the compartment and repeats contact with the high-temperature wall surface at high speed. can be enhanced.

Therefore, since the effective heat transfer area of the fluid is increased to increase the heating efficiency, a sufficiently high heating efficiency can be obtained without increasing the size of the heat exchanger in the longitudinal direction as in the conventional art. Moreover, by simply adjusting the direction of the discharge holes, the fluid can be retained in the compartment for a long period of time, and the fluid can be heated very efficiently. can do.

[Aspect 2]
For each of the plurality of discharge holes of the metal member, the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole are formed on a concentric circle centered on the center point of the metal member, and are equidistantly spaced on the same circle. A straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole and the axis are in a twisted position, and each straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole The angles may be the same.

According to the above configuration, the straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole and the axis are in a twisted position, and each of the straight lines connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole is formed by the axis. If the angles are the same, the fluid ejected from the metal members is ejected in the same direction with respect to the opposing surfaces of the opposing metal members. As a result, the eddy currents caused by the fluid in the compartments between the metal members become faster, allowing the fluid to stay in the compartments for a longer period of time, and the fluid to be heated very efficiently. Therefore, a significant increase in power consumption can be suppressed.

[Aspect 3]
Each of the metal members is positioned on a straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole of the metal member arranged adjacent to the upstream side of the metal member on the fluid inflow side of the plate surface. , a diffusion member may be formed for diffusing the fluid discharged from the discharge hole.

According to the above configuration, the fluid discharged from the discharge hole of the metal member reliably hits the diffusion member formed on the fluid inflow surface of the opposing metal member, and becomes a turbulent flow. As a result, more high-speed rotating eddy currents of the fluid can be formed.

[Aspect 4]
The metal member has a first portion formed with a constant thickness from the peripheral end face toward the center of the compartment to a predetermined distance, and a first portion extending beyond the first portion to the center of the compartment. and a second portion which is formed to be gradually thinner than the thickness of the portion of (1).

According to the above configuration, the thickness of the second portion of the metal member is gradually reduced from that of the first portion, so that heat is more easily dissipated from the second portion than from the first portion, which has a constant thickness. As a result, even if the first portion close to the heat source is heated, the heat is radiated from the second portion far from the heat source. It becomes possible to heat the entire component to very high temperatures. Therefore, since the metal member constituting the wall of the compartment is heated to a very high temperature, the fluid staying in the compartment is heated to a very high temperature by contact with the metal member or heat radiation.

Therefore, since the effective heat transfer area of the fluid is increased to increase the heating efficiency, a sufficiently high heating efficiency can be obtained without enlarging the heat exchanger itself. In other words, the heat exchanger of the present invention can be smaller than conventional heat exchangers for the same heating efficiency.

[Aspect 5]
Of the two metal members constituting the wall of the compartment, the metal member disposed on the downstream side in the inflow direction of the fluid has a spiral shape around the center of the metal member on the surface into which the fluid flows. Grooves may be formed.

According to the above configuration, of the two metal members constituting the wall of the compartment, the fluid inflow surface of the metal member arranged on the downstream side in the fluid inflow direction is centered on the center of the metal member. Since the spiral groove is formed, a turbulent flow formed on the surface of one of the metal members forming the wall of the compartment by the fluid discharged from the discharge hole of the other metal member spirals along the groove. move in the shape of As a result, a high-speed rotating eddy current of the fluid is formed in the compartment, so the fluid circulates in the compartment and repeats contact with the high-temperature wall surface at high speed. can be enhanced.

[Aspect 6]
The metal member may be formed so that the inner side portion thereof is thinner than the peripheral edge portion.

According to the above configuration, the metal member is formed so that the inner side portion thereof is thinner than the peripheral edge portion, so that the heat supplied from the outside is efficiently transferred from the peripheral edge portion to the central portion of the metal member. It will be well communicated. Therefore, since the walls forming the compartments are sufficiently heated, the fluid introduced into the compartments can be sufficiently heated as compared with the conventional case.

[Aspect 7]
As for the thickness of the adjacent metal members arranged in the heating tank, the metal member arranged on the downstream side may be thinner than the metal member arranged on the upstream side in the inflow direction of the fluid.

According to the above configuration, the thickness of the adjacent metal members arranged in the heating tank is such that the thickness of the metal member arranged on the downstream side is greater than that of the metal member arranged on the upstream side in the inflow direction of the fluid. Being thin allows heat from the upstream side to be transferred to the downstream side at high speed and efficiency, so that the heat transfer characteristics can be further improved and the fluid can be heated more favorably. As a result, the sufficiently heated fluid on the upstream side in the inflow direction of the fluid is guided to the downstream compartment while maintaining its high temperature, so that the sufficiently heated fluid can be obtained.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be modified in various ways within the scope of the claims, and can be obtained by appropriately combining technical means disclosed in different embodiments. is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

Possibility of industrial use

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The heat exchanger according to the present invention can be suitably used for heating by circulating a fluid in a heating tank.

1 heat exchanger 10 metal member 10a first surface 10b second surface 10c through hole 10d peripheral end surface 10e discharge hole 10f projection 10g projection (diffusion member: projection)
10i recess 10h recess (diffusion member: recess)
11 Supply port 12 Discharge port 13 Shaft 14 Compartment 30 Heating tank 30a Inner surface 101 Heat exchanger 110 Metal member 110a First surface 110b Second surface 110c Through hole 110d Peripheral end surface 110e Discharge hole 111 Supply port 112 Discharge port 113 Shaft 114 Section Chamber 130 Heating tank 130a Inner surface

Claims (10)

A heat exchanger comprising a heating tank having therein a compartment for retaining the inflowed fluid, and heating the fluid retained in the compartment by heating from the outside of the heating tank,
Having a plurality of substantially disk-shaped metal members having a plurality of discharge holes that are fluid passages,
Each of the metal members is arranged so that the plate surfaces face each other in the heating tank, and the axis connecting the center points of the plate surfaces is arranged along the inflow direction of the fluid,
the wall of the compartment is composed of at least two adjacent metal members;
For each of the plurality of ejection holes of the metal member,
a straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole is oblique to the facing surface of the metal member on the outlet side;
For each of the plurality of ejection holes of the metal member,
The inlet and outlet of the discharge hole are formed on a concentric circle centered on the center point of the metal member, and are formed at equal intervals on the same circumference,
A straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole and the axis are at a twisted position,
A heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, wherein each straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole forms the same angle with the axis . Each of the metal members is positioned on a straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole of the metal member arranged adjacent to the upstream side of the metal member on the fluid inflow side of the plate surface. 2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 , further comprising a diffusion member for diffusing the fluid discharged from said discharge hole. Of the two metal members constituting the wall of the compartment, the metal member disposed on the downstream side in the inflow direction of the fluid has a spiral shape around the center of the metal member on the surface into which the fluid flows. 3. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein grooves are formed. The thickness of the adjacent metal members arranged in the heating tank is such that the thickness of the metal member arranged on the downstream side is thinner than the thickness of the metal member arranged on the upstream side in the inflow direction of the fluid. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . A heat exchanger comprising a heating tank having therein a compartment for retaining the inflowed fluid, and heating the fluid retained in the compartment by heating from the outside of the heating tank,
Having a plurality of substantially disk-shaped metal members having a plurality of discharge holes that are fluid passages,
Each of the metal members is arranged so that the plate surfaces face each other in the heating tank, and the axis connecting the center points of the plate surfaces is arranged along the inflow direction of the fluid,
the wall of the compartment is composed of at least two adjacent metal members;
For each of the plurality of ejection holes of the metal member,
a straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole is oblique to the facing surface of the metal member on the outlet side;
Each of the metal members is positioned on a straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole of the metal member arranged adjacent to the upstream side of the metal member on the fluid inflow side of the plate surface. and a diffusion member for diffusing the fluid discharged from the discharge hole. A heat exchanger comprising a heating tank having therein a compartment for retaining the inflowed fluid, and heating the fluid retained in the compartment by heating from the outside of the heating tank,
Having a plurality of substantially disk-shaped metal members having a plurality of discharge holes that are fluid passages,
Each of the metal members is arranged so that the plate surfaces face each other in the heating tank, and the axis connecting the center points of the plate surfaces is arranged along the inflow direction of the fluid,
the wall of the compartment is composed of at least two adjacent metal members;
For each of the plurality of ejection holes of the metal member,
a straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole is oblique to the facing surface of the metal member on the outlet side;
Of the two metal members constituting the wall of the compartment, the metal member disposed on the downstream side in the inflow direction of the fluid has a spiral shape around the center of the metal member on the surface into which the fluid flows. A heat exchanger, characterized in that grooves are formed. A heat exchanger comprising a heating tank having therein a compartment for retaining the inflowed fluid, and heating the fluid retained in the compartment by heating from the outside of the heating tank,
Having a plurality of substantially disk-shaped metal members having a plurality of discharge holes that are fluid passages,
Each of the metal members is arranged so that the plate surfaces face each other in the heating tank, and the axis connecting the center points of the plate surfaces is arranged along the inflow direction of the fluid,
the wall of the compartment is composed of at least two adjacent metal members;
For each of the plurality of ejection holes of the metal member,
a straight line connecting the inlet and the outlet of the discharge hole is oblique to the facing surface of the metal member on the outlet side;
The thickness of the adjacent metal members arranged in the heating tank is such that the thickness of the metal member arranged on the downstream side is thinner than that of the metal member arranged on the upstream side in the inflow direction of the fluid. heat exchanger. The metal member has a first portion formed with a constant thickness from the peripheral end face toward the center of the compartment to a predetermined distance, and the first portion extending beyond the first portion to the center of the compartment. 8. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , further comprising a second portion which is gradually thinner than the thickness of the portion. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the metal member is formed so that the inner side portion thereof is thinner than the peripheral edge portion. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the metal member is a magnetic material.

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