JP7056692B2 - Vehicle occupant protection device and vehicle occupant protection method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vehicle occupant protection device for protecting vehicle occupants and a vehicle occupant protection method.

Conventionally, a vehicle occupant protection device that detects a collision of an object with a vehicle and protects an occupant has been proposed.

For example, a collision determination device including a wall-side acceleration sensor provided on each of both side walls of a vehicle and a center-side acceleration sensor provided in a central portion of the vehicle is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this technique, the accelerations detected by the wall-side acceleration sensor and the center-side acceleration sensor are integrated, and when the integrated value exceeds the threshold value, the comparator generates each comparative output. Based on this comparison output, the occupant protection device is activated.

Further, there is known a occupant protection device including a side collision prediction sensor for predicting a collision with a vehicle side surface and a side collision sensor for detecting a collision with a vehicle side surface (see, for example, Patent Document 2). In this technique, the occupant protection device is activated when a collision with the side surface of the vehicle is predicted by the side collision prediction sensor and the collision with the side surface of the vehicle is determined based on the impact of the side surface of the vehicle detected by the side collision sensor. To.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-180249 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-253720

However, in order to suppress the malfunction of the occupant protection device, when a threshold value for activating the occupant protection device is set for the detection value of the side collision sensor, when a collision with a detection value smaller than the set threshold value occurs. There is a risk that the occupant protection device will not start. For example, if the size at the time of a collision with the side surface of the vehicle cabin is set as a threshold value for activating the occupant protection device, the detection value will be smaller than the collision with the side surface of the vehicle cabin at the time of a side collision with the front fender, and the occupant protection will be provided. The device does not start.

In addition, when an object such as another vehicle approaches the side of the own vehicle at high speed and collides, the timing for activating the occupant protection device is as the relative speed between the own vehicle and the object such as another vehicle increases. It will be a short time. On the other hand, as the threshold value set for suppressing the malfunction of the occupant protection device becomes larger, the time to reach the threshold value at the time of collision becomes longer, and the timing at which the occupant protection device is activated becomes later. Therefore, depending on the relative speed between the own vehicle and the object, there is a possibility that the occupant protection device may not be activated at the timing when the occupant protection device should be activated. Therefore, there is room for improvement in the technique of protecting the occupants from the collision of an object approaching from the side of the own vehicle.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above facts, and provides a vehicle occupant protection device and a vehicle occupant protection method capable of improving occupant protection performance against a collision from the side of a vehicle with a simple configuration. The purpose is.

In order to achieve the above object, the vehicle occupant protection device of the present invention determines that the predicted collision is an unavoidable collision when the detected object is predicted to collide with the side portion of the own vehicle . Occasionally, a side that outputs a prediction result including a predicted collision position on the own vehicle, a predicted collision time until the collision is predicted, and a predicted relative speed at the time of a predicted collision between the collision prediction object and the own vehicle. A collision prediction unit and a sensor including a door sensor and a pillar sensor provided on each of the side portions of the cabin portion of the own vehicle detect the physical amount related to the collision with the side portion of the own vehicle and output the detected value. A physical quantity detection unit, an airbag device that is deployed to protect the occupant when activated, and the airbag device when the detection value normally exceeds a set threshold value of the first value. It is a control unit that controls the operation, and when it is determined that the predicted collision is an unavoidable collision, the collision prediction position is on the side of the cabin part and the collision prediction time is for high-speed collision. When the predicted relative speed is within a predetermined time and the predicted relative speed is equal to or higher than a predetermined speed for a high-speed collision, the threshold value is set to be smaller than the first value only during the set time corresponding to the predicted collision time. It is provided with a control unit for changing to the value of and determining whether or not the value detected by the door sensor and the pillar sensor exceeds the second value.

The sensor includes a floor sensor provided in the central portion of the own vehicle, and the control unit includes a front fender portion where the collision prediction position is on the side portion of the front fender portion and the collision prediction time is not a sensor. When the speed is within a predetermined time for a collision and is equal to or higher than a predetermined speed for a collision of the front fender portion, the threshold value is smaller than the first value only for a set time corresponding to the predicted collision time. It is changed to the second value, and it is determined whether or not the value detected by the floor sensor exceeds the threshold value.

The door sensor and the pillar sensor are acceleration sensors that detect acceleration in the left-right direction, respectively.

The floor sensor, door sensor, and pillar sensor are acceleration sensors that detect acceleration in the left-right direction, respectively.

When the threshold value is changed to the second value smaller than the first value, the control unit controls to delay the timing of operating the airbag device by a time determined based on the predicted relative speed.

The prediction result further includes information indicating that the side collision prediction unit is operating normally, and in the control unit, the collision prediction position predicted by the side collision prediction unit is a side portion of the cabin unit. In the case of, the threshold value is changed to the second value when the side collision prediction unit is further satisfied that it is operating normally.

In the vehicle occupant protection method of the present invention, when the computer controlling the vehicle predicts that the detected object will collide with the side portion of the own vehicle, the predicted collision is determined to be an unavoidable collision. Occasionally, a prediction result including a collision predicted position on the own vehicle, a collision predicted time until the collision with the collision predicted position, and a predicted collision time predicted relative speed between the collision predicted object and the own vehicle is output, and the above is output. A sensor including a door sensor and a pillar sensor provided on each side of the cabin of the own vehicle detects the physical amount related to the collision with the side of the own vehicle, and the physical amount detection unit outputs the detected value. A vehicle occupant protection method in which an airbag device that acquires a detected value and is deployed when activated to protect an occupant is activated when the detected value exceeds a threshold, and the computer is the above-mentioned computer. When it is determined that the predicted collision is an unavoidable collision, the predicted collision position is on the side of the cabin, the predicted collision time is within a predetermined time for a high-speed collision, and the predicted relative speed. When is equal to or higher than a predetermined speed predetermined for high-speed collision, the threshold value is changed to a second value smaller than the first value set as a normal time only for a set time corresponding to the predicted collision time , and It is determined whether or not the value detected by the door sensor and the pillar sensor exceeds the second value.

As described above, according to the present invention, there is an effect that the occupant protection performance of the vehicle can be improved with a simple configuration.

It is a block diagram which shows an example of the structure of the occupant protection device for a vehicle which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is an image diagram which shows an example of the arrangement of the detector which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is an image diagram which shows an example of the position map which specifies the collision prediction position which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the side collision with the own vehicle of another vehicle which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is an image diagram which shows an example of the determination map which determines a collision which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is an image diagram which shows an example of the relationship between the operation start time and the relative speed of the airbag device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram about the determination of the optimum time for occupant protection which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the process executed by the occupant protection device for a vehicle which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the modification of the control part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the side collision with the own vehicle of another vehicle which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is an image diagram which shows an example of the determination map which determines a collision which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the process executed by the occupant protection device for a vehicle which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the modification of the control part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the modification of the control part which concerns on the occupant protection device for a vehicle which combined the 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of the vehicle occupant protection device 10 according to the embodiment. Further, FIG. 2 shows an example of the arrangement of detectors for detecting various physical quantities related to the vehicle according to the present embodiment. The arrow FR in the figure indicates the front of the own vehicle, and the arrow RH indicates the right side of the own vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle occupant protection device 10 includes a control unit 18 that performs various controls for protecting the occupant from a collision of an object.
The control unit 18 is composed of a computer including a CPU 182, a RAM 184, a ROM 186, and an I / O 188, and the CPU 182, the RAM 184, the ROM 186, and the I / O 188 are connected via a bus 189 so that commands and data can be exchanged. ..

The ROM 186 stores a control program 186P for protecting the occupants of the own vehicle, a threshold value for detecting a collision, and the like, and the CPU 182 executes the control program 186P stored in the ROM 186 to store the occupants of the own vehicle. Controls are taken to protect (details below). The RAM 184 is used as a cache memory or the like when executing a program.

An active device 16 including a pre-crash safety system (hereinafter referred to as a PCS system) 12, a vehicle condition sensor 14, and an airbag device 164 is connected to the I / O 188.

In FIG. 2, the airbag ECU (Electronic Control Unit, electronic) that controls the active device 16 that protects the occupants of the own vehicle by using the airbag device 164 arranged near the center on the front side of the vehicle. A case where the control unit 18 is applied to the control device) 20 is shown. That is, the airbag ECU 20 shown in FIG. 2 operates as the control unit 18 shown in FIG.

The PCS system 12 detects an object (another vehicle) in front of the own vehicle and an object such as an obstacle, predicts a collision with the object, and reduces damage caused when the own vehicle collides with the object. It is a system that controls. As an example shown in FIG. 2, the PCS system 12 is composed of a computer including a CPU, ROM, RAM, and I / O (not shown), and a pre-crash safe sensor (hereinafter referred to as PCS sensor) 124 is connected to the PCS system 12. It is equipped with a PCSECU 122.

One PCS sensor 124 is arranged on the left side of the vehicle and one on the right side of the vehicle, and at least detects the relative position of an object around the vehicle with respect to the vehicle. Examples of the PCS sensor 124 include an in-vehicle camera that captures an image to detect an object and an in-vehicle radar that scans the front of the vehicle to detect an object. In the example shown in FIG. 2, a PCS sensor 124R that detects the right front of the own vehicle using an in-vehicle radar and a PCS sensor 124L that detects the left front of the own vehicle are provided.

Each PCS sensor 124R, 124L emits radio waves such as millimeter waves and microwaves to other vehicles and objects (objects) around the vehicle such as obstacles (for example, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction). Send out. Then, the PCS sensor 124R on the right side is based on the reflected wave from the object on the right side of the vehicle, for example, the position of the object on the right side (distance between the vehicle and the object), the moving direction and the moving speed of the object on the right side relative to the vehicle (the distance between the vehicle and the object). Approach speed) is detected. On the other hand, the PCS sensor 124L on the left side is based on the position of the object and the reflected wave from the object on the left side of the vehicle, for example, the position of the left object (distance between the vehicle and the object), the moving direction of the left object with respect to the vehicle, and the relative movement direction of the left object to the vehicle. Detects moving speed (approaching speed).

The PCS system 12 calculates the distance between the object and the vehicle and the relative moving direction based on, for example, the relative position of the object detected by each of the PCS sensors 124R and 124L, and with respect to this distance. By performing differential processing, the moving speed of the object with respect to the vehicle is calculated. Further, the PCS system 12 predicts a collision between the object and the vehicle from the distance between the object and the vehicle, the relative moving direction, and the moving speed (relative speed). When a collision is predicted, the time until the object collides with the vehicle and the position on the vehicle where the object collides are predicted.

The PCSEC U122 transmits the calculated information and the predicted information to the control unit 18 (the airbag ECU 20 operating as).

In this embodiment, the information shown in the items shown in the following table is used as an example of the information transmitted from the PCSEC U122.

The information indicating the predicted collision time is the time T (seconds) from the detection of the object by the PCS sensors 124R and 124L to the predicted collision with the own vehicle. The information indicating the collision speed is the relative speed V (km / h) as the predicted relative speed in the left-right direction of the own vehicle at the time of the predicted collision. The information indicating the predicted collision position as the predicted collision position is the position on the vehicle of the predicted collision (details will be described later). The information indicating the PCS sensor status is a status value indicating a status such as whether the PCS sensor 124 is operating normally or is out of order.

When predicting a collision with an object, the PCSEC U122 can determine whether or not the predicted collision is an unavoidable collision. This determination result, that is, information indicating that the collision is unavoidable may be transmitted to the control unit 18 (the airbag ECU 20 operating as the). Further, using the values of the items shown in the following table, for example, a case where the collision prediction time is less than 0.6 seconds may be determined as an unavoidable collision.

Next, among the information transmitted from the PCS ECU 122 to the control unit 18 (the airbag ECU 20 operating as), the information indicating the collision predicted position will be described.
FIG. 3 shows an example of a position map that specifies the predicted collision position.
The collision prediction position specifies the surroundings of the vehicle in a divided area obtained by dividing the vehicle vertically and horizontally. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the collision predicted position is represented by a divided region divided into four in the direction along the vehicle traveling direction and seven in the direction along the vehicle width direction. Specifically, it is divided into four with reference to the arrow FRy indicating the direction along the front (vehicle traveling direction) FR of the own vehicle and the direction passing through the center of the vehicle. Further, the vehicle is divided into seven with reference to the arrow RHx indicating the direction along the right RH of the own vehicle and the direction passing near the tip of the vehicle. Then, the positions P1 to P4 are determined so that the numbers increase to the left and right in the vehicle width direction with respect to the arrow FRy in the front of the vehicle in the surroundings of the vehicle. Further, the positions P5 to P18 are determined so that the numbers increase in the left-right order from the front of the vehicle to the rear of the vehicle with respect to the side of the vehicle in the surroundings of the vehicle. Note that FIG. 3 shows a case where the vehicle surroundings are specified by a division region in which the vehicle is vertically and horizontally divided into 4x7, but the vehicle is not limited to the 4x7 division, and the number of divisions may be increased or decreased. Further, the size of the division area for dividing the vehicle vertically and horizontally is not limited to the common size. For example, the size of the divided area may be changed.

The information value indicating each of the positions P1 to P18 specified in the position map shown in FIG. 3 is a numerical value of each of 1 to 18. Therefore, the information indicating the collision predicted position is a numerical value corresponding to any of the positions P1 to P18 specified in the position map shown in FIG.

The vehicle state sensor 14 shown in FIG. 1 is a sensor that detects the state of the vehicle. Further, the vehicle state sensor 14 includes a sensor that detects a physical quantity related to a collision, particularly a side collision (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a side collision), and outputs a detected value. In the present embodiment, as an example of the vehicle state sensor 14, a satellite sensor 14R arranged on the right side of the vehicle, a satellite sensor 14L arranged on the left side of the vehicle, and a floor sensor 14F arranged on the center side of the vehicle are provided. There is.

The satellite sensor 14R functions as a right-side collision sensor, and is an acceleration sensor that mainly detects acceleration in the left-right direction of the vehicle on the right side of the vehicle. Further, the satellite sensor 14L functions as a left-side collision sensor, and is mainly an acceleration sensor that detects acceleration in the left-right direction of the vehicle on the left side of the vehicle.

In the present embodiment, as an example of the satellite sensor 14R, as shown in FIG. 2, the right side protruding door sensor 14R (Dr) arranged near the right side door of the vehicle (inside the right side door), the center of the center of the right side wall of the vehicle. The right side protrusion B pillar sensor 14R (Bp) arranged near the pillar (B pillar) and the right side protrusion C pillar sensor 14R (Cp) arranged near the pillar (C pillar) behind the right side wall of the vehicle. )It is included. Similarly, the satellite sensor 14L is also arranged near the left side protruding door sensor 14L (Dr) arranged near the left side door of the vehicle (inside the left side door) and near the center pillar (B pillar) at the center of the left side wall of the vehicle. The left side protrusion B pillar sensor 14L (Bp) and the left side protrusion C pillar sensor 14L (Cp) arranged in the vicinity of the pillar (C pillar) behind the left wall of the vehicle are included.

The floor sensor 14F included in the vehicle state sensor 14 is a sensor that detects the state of the vehicle, and is an acceleration sensor that detects the acceleration in the vehicle left-right direction in the central portion of the vehicle. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the acceleration sensor built in the airbag ECU 20 provided in the center of the vehicle is used as the floor sensor 14F.

The satellite sensor 14R, the satellite sensor 14L, and the floor sensor 14F transmit the detected acceleration to the control unit 18 (the airbag ECU 20 operating as). As the acceleration sensor, for example, a semiconductor type G sensor is used.

The active device 16 includes an airbag device 164 for protecting the occupants of the own vehicle and a drive circuit 162 for driving the airbag device 164. The airbag device 164 drives a built-in inflator (not shown) by the drive circuit 162 based on a control signal from the control unit 18 (the airbag ECU 20 operating as an airbag) to deploy the airbag. This can protect the occupants.

In FIG. 2, the airbag ECU 20 includes an airbag device 16R for the driver's seat (right side) that protects the occupant seated on the driver's seat side, and air for the passenger seat (left side) that protects the occupant seated on the passenger seat side. The case where the bag device 16L and the bag device 16L are connected is shown as an example. For example, as the driver's seat (right side) airbag device 16R, a driver's seat (right side) side airbag device arranged on the driver's side of the vehicle is used, and a passenger's seat (left side) airbag is used. When a side airbag device for the passenger seat (left side) arranged on the side of the vehicle on the passenger seat side is used as the device 16L, the occupant seats in the driver's seat or the passenger seat by deploying each side airbag device. Can protect the sides of the.

As an example of the airbag device 164, at least one of a front airbag device, a headrest airbag device, a curtain airbag device (CSA), a nearside airbag device (SAB), and a farside airbag device can be mentioned.

With the above configuration, the control unit 18 (the airbag ECU 20 that operates as) controls the active device 16 to operate based on the detection values from the PCS system 12 and the vehicle state sensor 14.

In the above description, the case where the airbag device 164 is used as an example of the active device 16 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the airbag device 164. For example, a webbing winder that restrains the occupant may be used as the active device 16.

By the way, in the side collision of another vehicle with respect to the own vehicle, the airbag device 164 may or may not be operated depending on the collision position.
FIG. 4 schematically shows an example of a side collision of another vehicle with respect to the own vehicle.
As shown in FIG. 4, each of the satellite sensors 14R and 14L has regions 30R and 30L in which side collisions can be detected, and side collisions can be detected in the regions 30R and 30L. However, it is difficult to detect a lateral collision at a portion outside the regions 30R and 30L. For example, in the region 32L near the left fender shown in FIG. 4, that is, in the region outside the regions 30R and 30L, the impact applied to the satellite sensor 14L is small, and the output of the satellite sensor 14L is also small. Therefore, when the threshold value for operating the airbag device 164 is set with reference to the side collision in the region 30L, the airbag device 164 is operated without reaching the threshold value in the side collision to the region 32L near the left fender. I can't. On the other hand, when the threshold value is reduced in order to operate the airbag device 164 even in a side collision in a region outside the regions 30R and 30L, air is used under conditions that specify non-operation of the airbag device 164 such as a slight collision. There is a risk that the bag device 164 will operate and malfunctions will increase. Therefore, there is a limit to reducing the threshold value.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the control unit 18 executes a process of detecting a collision in a portion deviating from the regions 30R and 30L where the side collision can be detected. In the following description, a state in which a process of detecting a collision in a portion outside the regions 30R and 30L where a side collision can be detected is executed is referred to as an out-of-region collision mode.

In a collision at a portion outside the region where the lateral collision can be detected by the satellite sensors 14R and 14L, the output of the satellite sensors 14R and 14L becomes small. On the other hand, since the side collision in this case is an oblique collision, the floor sensor 14F provided in the center of the vehicle increases the acceleration in the left-right direction of the vehicle. Therefore, the control unit 18 uses the acceleration in the left-right direction of the vehicle detected by the floor sensor 14F to determine the side collision in the out-of-region collision mode. Further, in order to suppress erroneous detection in the out-of-region collision mode, the control unit 18 shifts to the out-of-region collision mode when it meets the predetermined conditions.

In this embodiment, four conditions shown in the following table are used as an example of the conditions for shifting to the out-of-region collision mode.

The first condition is immediately before the collision for the purpose of suppressing the malfunction of the airbag device 164 when detecting the collision near the front fender as the out-of-region collision mode. For example, it is a condition that the collision prediction time is a predetermined time (0.6 seconds) or less. The second condition is that the collision speed (relative speed) is intended to determine the effective speed at which the airbag device 164 is operated when detecting a collision near the front fender in the out-of-region collision mode. It shall be above the specified value. For example, the condition is that the collision speed (relative speed) is 25 km / h or more. The third condition is that the collision prediction position is a predetermined position for the purpose of confirming that the collision is near the front fender in the out-of-region collision mode. For example, it is a condition that the collision position as the collision prediction position is any of the positions P5 to P10 of the position map shown in FIG. 3 and the information value is a numerical value of 5 to 10. The fourth condition is that the state of the PCS sensor 124 is normal for the purpose of suppressing the malfunction of the airbag device 164 due to the output abnormality of the PCS sensor 124.

In the present embodiment, as an example of the conditions for shifting to the out-of-region collision mode, a case where all of the first to fourth conditions are satisfied will be described. The condition for shifting to the out-of-region collision mode may include at least a third condition in order to suppress a malfunction of the airbag device 164 when detecting a collision near the front fender. Then, more preferably, the third condition and any one of the first, second and fourth conditions, or a plurality of conditions may be combined. The condition to be combined with the third condition is not limited to at least one of the first, second and fourth conditions, and may be another condition, and the other condition may be the first condition. , 2nd and 4th conditions may be further combined.

The conformity determination for each of the first to fourth conditions is determined using the information transmitted from the PCSECU 122 of the PCS system 12.

Next, the control unit 18 will explain the side collision determination performed by shifting to the out-of-region collision mode using the left-right acceleration of the vehicle detected by the floor sensor 14F.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a determination map for determining a collision using the left-right acceleration of the vehicle detected by the floor sensor 14F. In FIG. 5, the vertical axis is the left-right acceleration of the vehicle detected by the floor sensor 14F, and the horizontal axis is the deceleration (the first-order integration of the left-right acceleration of the vehicle detected by the floor sensor 14F). The output (detection value) of 14F is drawn as curves 40 and 42.

The curve 40 shows an example of the output characteristics of the floor sensor 14F at the time of a collision at a portion of the satellite sensors 14R, 14L, which should operate the airbag device 164, at a portion outside the side collision detectable region 30R, 30L. Further, the curve 42 shows an example of the output characteristics of the floor sensor 14F which should suppress the operation of the airbag device 164.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the determination map, the threshold value th1 is set so that the output of the floor sensor 14F, that is, the acceleration in the left-right direction is the characteristic shown by the curve 42, and the operation of the airbag device 164 is suppressed. Will be done. Further, in the output of the floor sensor 14F due to the characteristics shown by the curve 40, which is a larger value than the characteristics shown by the curve 42, the value smaller than the threshold value th1 is set in order to determine the operation of the airbag device 164 at an early stage. The threshold value th2, that is, the threshold value th2 having a value larger than the acceleration according to the curve 42 and smaller than the acceleration according to the curve 40 is set.

Next, the control unit 18 will explain the timing determination for operating the airbag device 164 at the optimum timing by the side collision determination performed after shifting to the out-of-region collision mode.
That is, when an object such as another vehicle collides with the own vehicle, the operation start time of the airbag device 164, which is optimal for protecting the occupants, changes according to the relative speed between the object such as the other vehicle and the own vehicle.

FIG. 6 shows an example of the relationship between the operation start timing of the airbag device 164 and the relative speed. FIG. 6 schematically shows the occupant protection performance by the airbag device 164 when the vertical axis is the airbag deployment time as an example of the operation start time of the airbag device 164 and the horizontal axis is the relative speed.

The curve 44 shown in FIG. 6 shows a region 36 in which the airbag device 164 is activated and the airbag is deployed too quickly and the airbag internal pressure effective for occupant protection is insufficient, and the occupant. It shows the boundary with the area 35 where the airbag is deployed effectively for protection. Further, the curve 46 is a region 35 in which the airbag is effectively deployed to protect the occupant, and a region 34 in which the airbag is insufficiently deployed and the airbag does not effectively intervene between the own vehicle and the occupant. Shows the boundary with. As shown in FIG. 6, the region 35 in which the airbag is effectively deployed to protect the occupant tends to have a shorter airbag deployment time as the relative speed increases.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the airbag device 164 is operated, the optimum time for protecting the occupant is determined according to the relative speed.

FIG. 7 schematically shows an example of determining the optimum time for protecting the occupant according to the relative speed. In FIG. 7, similarly to FIG. 6, the vertical axis is the airbag deployment time, and the horizontal axis is the relative speed.

The curve 48 shown in FIG. 7 is a case where the airbag device 164 is operated when a collision is determined by the left-right acceleration of the vehicle detected by the floor sensor 14F using the above-mentioned determination map (FIG. 5). Shows the characteristics of. As shown in FIG. 7, the characteristics when the airbag device 164 is operated when a collision is determined are included in the region 36, and the airbag is deployed too quickly to provide an effective airbag internal pressure for occupant protection. Run short. Therefore, the airbag device 164 is operated at the airbag deployment time of the region 35 corresponding to the relative speed, and is delayed by the delay time corresponding to the relative speed. In the example shown in FIG. 7, the airbag deployment time is delayed by the delay time corresponding to the relative speed so that the airbag device 164 is operated by the airbag deployment time in the delay target region 35A included in the region 35. (Indicated by the white arrow in FIG. 7). As a result, the airbag is effectively deployed to protect the occupant, and the occupant protection performance can be improved.

In the present embodiment, the PCS system 12 is an example of the collision prediction unit of the present invention, and the vehicle state sensor 14 is an example of the physical quantity detection unit of the present invention. Further, the control unit 18 is an example of the control unit of the present invention. Further, the active device 16 including the airbag device 164 is an example of the airbag device of the present invention. The positions P5 to P10 of the position map shown in FIG. 3 are examples of the fender section of the present invention, and the positions P11 to P14 are examples of the cabin section of the present invention.

Next, an example of the processing in the vehicle occupant protection device 10 according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 shows an example of the flow of processing executed by the control unit 18 of the vehicle occupant protection device 10 according to the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the control unit 18 executes the control program 186P stored in advance in the ROM 186, which embodies an example of the processing flow shown in FIG. The process of FIG. 8 is started when an ignition switch (not shown) is turned on.

First, when the ignition switch is turned on, the initial setting is executed in step S100. In the initial setting of step S100, the first threshold value th1 in the normal state is set as the threshold value TH for determining the collision of the object with the vehicle. That is, the first threshold value th1 is read from ROM 186 and set as the threshold value TH for determining the collision of the object.

In the next step S102, it is determined whether or not the collision predicted by the PCS system 12 is an unavoidable collision. In the determination of step S102, for example, when the collision prediction time is less than 0.6 seconds, it is determined that the collision is unavoidable by using the value of the item shown in the information (see Table 1) transmitted from the PCSEC U122. The determination in step S102 may be performed by the PCS system 12, and the control unit 18 may receive the determination result, that is, information indicating that the collision is unavoidable.

In the next step S104, it is determined whether or not the collision predicted by the PCS system 12 is an unavoidable collision using the determination result of step S102. If affirmed in step S104, the process proceeds to step S106. On the other hand, if it is denied in step S104, the present processing routine is terminated when the ignition switch is turned off (affirmative in step S122) after the normal processing is executed in step S120. If it is denied in step S122, the process is returned to step 102.

In the next step 106, it is determined whether or not to shift to the out-of-region collision mode. In this step S106, the information transmitted from the PCSEC U122 (see Table 1) is used to determine whether or not the conditions for shifting to the out-of-region collision mode (see Table 2) are satisfied. Specifically, when all of the first to fourth conditions shown in Table 2 are satisfied, it is determined that the mode shifts to the out-of-region collision mode.

In the next step S108, it is determined whether or not to shift to the out-of-region collision mode by using the determination result of step S106. If it is affirmed in step S108, the process is transferred to step S110, and if it is denied, the process is transferred to step S120.

In step S110, a process of shifting to the out-of-region collision mode is executed. In this step S110, a second threshold value th2 having a value smaller than the first threshold value th1 is set from the first threshold value th1 as the threshold value TH for determining the collision of the object with the vehicle. That is, the second threshold value th2 is read from ROM 186 and set as the threshold value TH.

The second threshold value th2 set as the threshold value TH is preferably set only for a short time for the purpose of suppressing malfunction of the airbag device 164. Therefore, for example, by setting the second threshold value th2 as the threshold value TH during the collision prediction time (Table 2) obtained from the PCS system 12, the first threshold value th1 to the first threshold value th1 can be set only for a short time in which a collision is predicted. Collision can be detected with a small value whose value is lowered to the second threshold value th2. In this case, the control unit 18 determines a set time corresponding to the collision prediction time obtained from the PCS system 12, measures the time by a timer (not shown), and sets the second threshold value th2 only during the set time. You just have to control it.

In the next step S112, the delay time according to the relative speed when the collision is predicted is determined (FIG. 7). In the next step S114, the collision determination of the out-of-region collision is executed using the acceleration detected by the floor sensor 14F (FIG. 5). If it is determined that a collision has occurred in the collision determination of an out-of-region collision, in the next step S116, the operation start time of the airbag device 164 is delayed by waiting for the delay time determined in the above step S112, and then the step. At S118, the airbag device 164 is activated.

In the present embodiment, the processes shown in steps S104 to S118 are examples of the functions of the second control performed by the control unit of the present invention, and the processes shown in step S120 are performed by the control unit of the present invention. This is an example of the function of the first control to be performed.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the region near the fender, which is difficult to detect by normal processing, that is, the region 30R where the side collision can be detected by the satellite sensors 14R and 14L installed on the side of the own vehicle, A side collision to a portion deviating from 30L (FIG. 4) can be detected from the acceleration detected by the floor sensor 14F. Therefore, a detection value sufficient to control the operation of the airbag device 164 can be obtained, and the airbag device 164 can be operated even in the case of a collision near the fender in front of the vehicle. This improves occupant protection performance.

Further, in the present embodiment, when a collision with the side of the own vehicle is predicted, the first threshold value is changed to a smaller second threshold value only for a predetermined time. As a result, a collision in a normal state can be detected, and a side collision near a fender in front of the vehicle can be detected, so that the collision detection performance can be improved. In addition, it is possible to determine a side collision near the fender in front of the vehicle with a simple configuration in which the threshold value for determining the collision of the object is changed only for a predetermined time. Further, since the threshold value TH is changed to the second threshold value th2 only for a short time immediately before the collision from the side, unnecessary operation leading to a malfunction of the airbag device 164 can be suppressed.

Further, in the present embodiment, the optimum time for protecting the occupant is determined according to the relative speed, and the operation of the airbag device 164 is delayed until the determined optimum time is reached. This makes it possible to operate the airbag device 164 at a time when the occupant protection effect can be expected.

In this embodiment, it is also a countermeasure against unnecessary operation leading to a malfunction of the airbag device 164 in the out-of-region collision mode. The following table describes the running of the vehicle and the forces applied to the vehicle that cause acceleration that is expected to cause the airbag device 164 to malfunction in normal processing and in the out-of-region collision mode of the present embodiment. The comparison result with the collision judgment processing is shown.

As shown in the above table, in the out-of-region collision mode in the present embodiment, the out-of-region collision determination (step S114) by the floor sensor 14F and the out-of-region collision mode transition determination (step S106) are combined. As in the normal process, the determination that is expected to cause a malfunction of the airbag device 164 is not executed.

In the present embodiment, as an example of the vehicle occupant protection device 10, a case where the processing executed by the control unit 18 of the computer configuration is realized by software processing by the control program 186P has been described, but the vehicle occupant protection device 10 has been described. May be configured with hardware including electronic circuits.

FIG. 9 shows a functional block diagram as a modification of the control unit 18 included in the vehicle occupant protection device 10. The control unit 18 shown in FIG. 9 includes an out-of-region collision determination unit 18A, an out-of-region collision mode transition determination unit 18B, a delay time determination unit 18C, a logical AND circuit unit 18D, and a delay processing unit 18E. There is. The out-of-region collision determination unit 18A has a function executed in step S114 shown in FIG. The transition determination unit 18B to the out-of-region collision mode has a function executed in step S106 shown in FIG. The delay time determination unit 18C has a function executed in step S112 shown in FIG. The AND circuit unit 18D has a function executed as a determination operation in step S108 and a determination operation in step S114 shown in FIG. The delay processing unit 18E has a function executed in step S116 shown in FIG. Even in the modified example of the control unit 18 shown in FIG. 9, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the second embodiment will be described. The second embodiment is an example of a case where the occupant is protected at a high speed when a side collision with the vicinity of the cabin of the own vehicle occurs as a collision with the own vehicle. Since the second embodiment has the same configuration as the first embodiment, the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

When an object such as another vehicle collides with the own vehicle, the operation start time of the airbag device 164 becomes earlier as the relative speed between the object such as the other vehicle and the own vehicle increases.
FIG. 10 schematically shows an example of a side collision of another vehicle with respect to the own vehicle.
As shown in FIG. 10, even when the side collision can be detected in the regions 30R and 30L of each of the satellite sensors 14R and 14L where the side collision can be detected, the occupant when the airbag device 164 is operated. There will be situations where it is not sufficient to protect. That is, as the relative speed between an object such as another vehicle and the own vehicle increases, the operation start time of the airbag device 164 becomes earlier. The operation of the device 164 may be delayed.

FIG. 11 shows an example of a determination map for determining a collision on the left side of the own vehicle using the left-right acceleration of the vehicle detected by the satellite sensor 14L and the floor sensor 14F. FIG. 11 can also be considered as the time characteristic of the output of the satellite sensor 14L, which changes according to the relative velocity at the time of collision. In FIG. 11, the vertical axis is the output (acceleration) of the satellite sensor 14L, and the horizontal axis is the deceleration of the floor sensor 14F corresponding to time (the first-order integration of the acceleration in the left-right direction of the vehicle detected by the floor sensor 14F). The case where this is done is shown schematically.

In FIG. 11, as an example, the curve 50 shows the characteristics related to the output (acceleration) of the satellite sensor 14L when the relative speed V1 (for example, 70 km / h) between an object such as another vehicle and the own vehicle at the time of a side collision. show. Further, the curve 52 shows the characteristics regarding the output (acceleration) of the satellite sensor 14L in the case of the relative velocity V2 (for example, 60 km / h).

When the relative speed increases from the relative speed V2 to the relative speed V1, the time exceeding the threshold value th3 set in the normal time becomes faster by the time Tx (= t3-t2). However, when the relative speed increases and the optimum operating time of the airbag device 164 reaches the time t1, the airbag device 164 takes only the time Ty (= t2-t1) until the threshold value th3 is exceeded. The operation will be delayed. Therefore, it is conceivable to change the threshold value th3 to a small value threshold value th4. However, from the viewpoint of suppressing malfunction, it may be difficult to change the threshold value th3 to a small threshold value th4.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the control unit 18 executes a process of detecting a collision at a relative speed exceeding a speed defined as a collision safety measure (passive safety measure). In the following description, the state of executing the process of detecting a collision at a relative speed exceeding the speed defined as a passive safety measure is referred to as a high-speed collision mode. Then, in the high-speed collision mode, the threshold value is lowered to detect the collision.

In order to suppress erroneous detection in the high-speed collision mode, the control unit 18 shifts to the high-speed collision mode when the predetermined conditions are met.

In this embodiment, four conditions shown in the following table are used as an example of the conditions for shifting to the high-speed collision mode.

The first condition is immediately before the collision for the purpose of suppressing the malfunction of the airbag device 164 when detecting the collision of the own vehicle near the cabin as the high-speed collision mode. For example, it is a condition that the collision prediction time is a predetermined time (0.6 seconds) or less. The second condition is the collision speed (relative speed) for the purpose of determining the effective speed for operating the airbag device 164 when detecting a collision of the own vehicle near the cabin in the high-speed collision mode. Is equal to or greater than the predetermined value. For example, the condition is that the collision speed (relative speed) is 60 km / h or more. The third condition is that the predicted collision position is a predetermined position for the purpose of confirming that the collision is in the vicinity of the cabin of the own vehicle in the high-speed collision mode. For example, it is a condition that the collision position is any of the positions P11 to P14 of the position map shown in FIG. 3 and the information value is a numerical value of 11 to 14. The fourth condition is that the state of the PCS sensor 124 is normal for the purpose of suppressing the malfunction of the airbag device 164 due to the output abnormality of the PCS sensor 124. The transition to the high-speed collision mode shall be when all of these first to fourth conditions are met.

The conformity determination for each of the first to fourth conditions is determined using the information transmitted from the PCSECU 122 of the PCS system 12.

Next, an example of the processing in the vehicle occupant protection device 10 according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 12 shows an example of the flow of processing executed by the control unit 18 of the vehicle occupant protection device 10 according to the present embodiment. An example of the processing flow shown in FIG. 12 is substantially the same as an example of the processing flow shown in FIG. For the differences, the process of step S107 is executed instead of the process of step S106 shown in FIG. 8, the process of step S111 is executed instead of the process of step S110 shown in FIG. 8, and the process of step S114 shown in FIG. 8 is executed. Instead of the process, the process of step S115 is executed. Further, the processes of step S112 and step S116 shown in FIG. 8 are deleted because they are not executed. Further, in the initial setting of step S100, the first threshold value th3 in the normal state is set instead of the first threshold value th1 as the threshold value TH for determining the collision of the object with the vehicle.

In step S107, the control unit 18 determines whether or not to shift to the high-speed collision mode. In this step S107, the information transmitted from the PCSEC U122 (see Table 1) is used to determine whether or not the conditions for shifting to the high-speed collision mode (see Table 4) are satisfied. Specifically, when all of the first to fourth conditions shown in Table 4 are satisfied, it is determined that the mode shifts to the high-speed collision mode.

In the next step S108, it is determined whether or not to shift to the high-speed collision mode using the determination result of step S107, and if it is affirmed, the process is shifted to step S111, and if it is denied, the process proceeds to step S120. Processing is migrated.

In step S111, a process of shifting to the high-speed collision mode is executed. In this step S111, a second threshold value th4 having a value smaller than the first threshold value th3 is set from the first threshold value th3 as the threshold value TH for determining the collision of the object with the vehicle. That is, the second threshold value th4 is read from ROM 186 and set as the threshold value TH.

Then, in the next step S115, the collision determination of the high-speed collision is executed using the acceleration detected by the floor sensor 14F and the acceleration detected by the satellite sensors 14R and 14L (FIG. 11). If it is determined that a collision has occurred in the collision determination of a high-speed collision, the airbag device 164 is operated in the next step S118.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the side collision near the cabin due to a large relative speed to the own vehicle is performed by using the acceleration detected by the floor sensor 14F and the acceleration detected by the satellite sensors 14R and 14L. It can be detected without delay. Therefore, the airbag device 164 can be operated without delay even in the case of a collision near the cabin due to a large relative speed. This improves occupant protection performance.

In this embodiment as well, as in the first embodiment, it is also a countermeasure against unnecessary operation leading to a malfunction of the airbag device 164 in the high-speed collision mode. The following table shows the vehicle running and the forces applied to the vehicle that cause acceleration that is expected to cause the airbag device 164 to malfunction during normal processing and collisions in the high speed collision mode of this embodiment. The comparison result with the judgment process is shown.

As shown in the above table, in the high-speed collision mode in the present embodiment, the high-speed collision determination (step S115) and the high-speed collision mode transition determination (step S107) based on the acceleration detected by the floor sensor 14F and the satellite sensors 14R and 14L are performed. ), So that the determination that is expected to cause the malfunction of the airbag device 164 is not executed as in the normal process.

In the present embodiment, as an example of the vehicle occupant protection device 10, a case where the processing executed by the control unit 18 of the computer configuration is realized by software processing by the control program 186P has been described, but the vehicle occupant protection device 10 has been described. May be configured with hardware including electronic circuits.

FIG. 13 shows a functional block diagram as a modification of the control unit 18 included in the vehicle occupant protection device 10. The control unit 18 shown in FIG. 13 includes a high-speed collision determination unit 18F, a transition determination unit 18G to the high-speed collision mode, and a logical product (AND) circuit unit 18H. The high-speed collision determination unit 18F has a function executed in step S115 shown in FIG. The transition determination unit 18G to the high-speed collision mode has a function executed in step S107 shown in FIG. The AND circuit unit 18H has a function executed as a determination operation in step S108 and a determination operation in step S115 shown in FIG. Even in the modified example of the control unit 18 shown in FIG. 13, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained.

(Modification example)
Next, a modified example in which the first embodiment and the second embodiment are combined will be described. Since this modification has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In this modification, the occupant executes a process of detecting a collision in a portion outside the regions 30R and 30L where the side collision can be detected, or detecting a collision with the own vehicle at high speed as a collision with the own vehicle. It protects.

FIG. 14 shows a functional block diagram of the control unit 18 included in the vehicle occupant protection device 10 according to this modification. The control unit 18 shown in FIG. 14 includes all the configurations of the control unit 18 shown in FIG. 9 and the configuration of the control unit 18 shown in FIG. And the detection result of the collision with the own vehicle at high speed in the vicinity of the cabin of the own vehicle are output to the active device 16 via the OR circuit unit 18J. The modified example of the control unit 18 shown in FIG. 14 can obtain the same effect as that of the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

Although the present invention has been described using the embodiments, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiments. Various changes or improvements can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the gist of the invention, and the modified or improved embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

10 Vehicle occupant protection device (vehicle occupant protection device)
12 Pre-crash safety system (side collision prediction unit)
14 Vehicle condition sensor (physical quantity detection unit)
14F Floor sensor 14R, 14L Satellite sensor 16 Active device 16R, 16L Airbag device (airbag device)
18 Control unit (control unit)
164 Airbag device 186P Control program 20 Airbag ECU

Claims (7)

When it is predicted that the detected object will collide with the side of the own vehicle, and when it is determined that the predicted collision is an unavoidable collision, it collides with the predicted collision position on the own vehicle and the predicted collision position. A side collision prediction unit that outputs a prediction result including the collision prediction time until the collision and the prediction relative speed at the time of the collision between the collision prediction object and the own vehicle, and the side collision prediction unit.
A physical quantity detection unit that detects a physical quantity related to a collision with the side portion of the own vehicle by a sensor including a door sensor and a pillar sensor provided on each side of the cabin portion of the own vehicle and outputs a detected value. ,
An airbag device that deploys to protect occupants when activated,
It is a control unit that controls the operation of the airbag device when the detected value normally exceeds the set threshold value, and determines that the predicted collision is an unavoidable collision. If this is the case, the predicted collision position is on the side of the cabin, the predicted collision time is within a predetermined time for high-speed collision, and the predicted relative speed is equal to or higher than the predetermined relative speed for high-speed collision. At this time , the threshold value is changed to a second value smaller than the first value only during the set time corresponding to the collision prediction time, and the value detected by the door sensor and the pillar sensor exceeds the second value. A control unit that determines whether or not it is
Vehicle occupant protection device equipped with. The sensor includes a floor sensor provided in the center of the own vehicle.
In the control unit, the collision prediction position is on the side of the front fender portion, the collision prediction time is within a predetermined time for the collision of the front fender portion without the sensor , and the collision prediction position is for the collision of the front fender portion. When the speed is equal to or higher than a predetermined speed, the threshold value is changed to a second value smaller than the first value only for a set time corresponding to the collision prediction time , and the value detected by the floor sensor sets the threshold value. The vehicle occupant protection device according to claim 1, which determines whether or not the vehicle has exceeded the limit. The vehicle occupant protection device according to claim 1, wherein the door sensor and the pillar sensor are acceleration sensors that detect acceleration in the left-right direction. The vehicle occupant protection device according to claim 2, wherein the floor sensor, the door sensor, and the pillar sensor are acceleration sensors that detect acceleration in the left-right direction, respectively. When the threshold value is changed to the second value smaller than the first value, the control unit controls to delay the timing of operating the airbag device by a time determined based on the predicted relative speed. The vehicle occupant protection device according to any one of items 1 to 4. The prediction result further includes information indicating that the side collision prediction unit is operating normally.
When the collision prediction position predicted by the side collision prediction unit is the side portion of the cabin unit, the control unit further satisfies that the side collision prediction unit is operating normally. The vehicle occupant protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the threshold value is changed to the second value. The computer that controls the vehicle
When it is predicted that the detected object will collide with the side of the own vehicle, and when it is determined that the predicted collision is an unavoidable collision, it collides with the predicted collision position on the own vehicle and the predicted collision position. The prediction result including the collision prediction time until the collision and the prediction collision relative speed between the collision prediction object and the own vehicle is output.
From the physical quantity detection unit that detects the physical quantity related to the collision with the side portion of the own vehicle by the sensor including the door sensor and the pillar sensor provided on each side of the cabin portion of the own vehicle and outputs the detected value. Obtain the detected value and
A vehicle occupant protection method in which an airbag device that is deployed to protect an occupant when activated is activated when the detected value exceeds a threshold value.
The computer
When it is determined that the predicted collision is an unavoidable collision, the predicted collision position is on the side of the cabin portion, the predicted collision time is within a predetermined time for a high-speed collision, and the predicted relative When the speed is equal to or higher than a predetermined speed predetermined for high-speed collision, the threshold value is changed to a second value smaller than the first value set as the normal time only for the set time corresponding to the predicted collision time. A vehicle occupant protection method for determining whether or not the value detected by the door sensor and the pillar sensor exceeds the second value.

Images