JP7049236B2 - Tool changer - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a tool changer.

When machining a work, depending on the product, the work requires holes having a plurality of shapes, so that it cannot be machined with a single tool, and a plurality of tools are used according to the shape of the holes. In the case of a numerically controlled processing machine, the tool gripped on the spindle is replaced for processing. At that time, in order to temporarily store the tool used for machining in the vicinity of the machine tool and attach it to the spindle of the machine tool when necessary, the machine tool is equipped with a tool changing device (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).

Japanese Patent No. 4939270

In the conventional tool changer, since the tools are arranged parallel to the central axis of the guide portion, the width of the tool changer becomes wide, and a large space is required to place it next to the machine tool. There is a problem.

In view of the above points, it is an object of the present invention to provide a tool changing device having a narrower width than the conventional one.

[1] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention
Multiple tool holders that hold the base of the tool,
An annular guide portion that movably guides the tool holding portion in an annular shape, and an annular guide portion.
A tool change arm that can take out a tool from the tool holding part at the first position of the guide part, and
It is a tool changer equipped with
The guide portion holds the tool holding portion so that the tip of the tool is located inside the guide portion.
The tool holding portion is provided so that the central axis of the tool is inclined in the circumferential direction of the guide portion with respect to a reference line extending perpendicularly to the tangent line of the movement locus on the annular movement locus of the guide portion. Holds the tool
The tool changer is
A tool exchange arm for exchanging the tool held by the tool holding portion and the tool attached to the machine tool.
A rotary drive mechanism that rotationally drives the tool exchange arm around the rotary shaft,
A tool tilting mechanism that tilts the tool located at the first position to a predetermined angle,
Equipped with
The tool located at the first position and before being tilted by the tool tilting mechanism is arranged so as to be parallel to the tool attached to the tool rotation axis of the machine tool.
The rotation axis of the rotation drive mechanism is characterized in that it is tilted at a predetermined angle with respect to the tool rotation axis of the machine tool .

According to the present invention, since the tip of the tool is located inside the guide portion, it is possible to provide a tool changer having a narrower width than the conventional product in which the tool is arranged parallel to the central axis of the guide portion. Can be done. In particular, when the tool has a tapered shape toward the tip, the tip of the tool is arranged inside the guide portion, so that the tool can be placed inside the guide portion as compared with the case where the base end of the tool is arranged inside the guide portion. The radial size of the entire tool changer including the tool changer can be compactly configured.

Further, the position where the tool held by the tool holding portion is horizontal at a position below the center of the guide portion is set as the first position, and the position where the tool is attached to the machine tool is set as the lower portion of the guide portion. By replacing the tool at the position where the is in the vertical posture (including the position where the posture is substantially vertical), it is possible to easily replace the tool with the guide portion.

Further, the present invention
A tool exchange arm for exchanging the tool held by the tool holding portion and the tool attached to the machine tool.
A rotary drive mechanism that rotationally drives the tool exchange arm around the rotary shaft,
A tool tilting mechanism that tilts the tool located at the first position to a predetermined angle,
Equipped with
The tool located at the first position and before being tilted by the tool tilting mechanism is arranged so as to be parallel to the tool attached to the tool rotation axis of the machine tool.
The rotation axis of the rotation drive mechanism is arranged so as to be tilted at a predetermined angle with respect to the tool rotation axis of the machine tool .

According to this configuration, after the tool is tilted to a predetermined angle by the tool tilting mechanism at the first position, the tool exchange arm is rotationally driven by the rotary drive mechanism to grip the tool held by the tool holding portion and perform the work. The tool attached to or removed from the tool rotating shaft of the machine can be held by the tool holding portion by rotating the tool changing arm.

[3] Further, in the present invention, the tool holding portion may be annular.

[4] Further, the machine tool of the present invention is composed of a tool changing device arranged on the side of the machine tool, a work holding portion for holding the work, and a tool rotation shaft to which the tool can be attached. be able to.

[5] Further, in the machine tool of the present invention, the tool rotating shaft can be moved forward and backward in the axial direction, the tool rotating shaft can be moved up and down, and the tool rotating shaft can be moved left and right. It is preferable that the tool changing device is provided with a left-right moving mechanism and is arranged on one side of the tool rotation axis in the left-right direction.

An explanatory view schematically showing an embodiment of the tool changer of the present invention. The perspective view which shows typically the tool change apparatus of this embodiment. The enlarged view which shows the tool exchange position of the tool exchange apparatus of this embodiment. The enlarged view which shows the tool change arm of this embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the tool exchange operation of this embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the tool exchange operation of this embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the tool exchange operation of this embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the machine tool provided with the tool change apparatus of this embodiment.

The tool changer according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. The tool changing device 1 of the present embodiment has a plurality of tool holding portions 3 for holding the base end portion 2a of the tool 2, an annular guide portion 4 for guiding the tool holding portion 3 in an annular manner, and a guide portion 4. The tool exchange arm 5 is provided so that the tool 2 can be taken out from the tool holding portion 3 at the first position 4a (the position where the tool in the horizontal posture is located one below the tool located at the rightmost end in FIG. 1).

The guide portion 4 holds a plurality of tool holding portions 3 so that the tip 2b of the tool 2 is located inside the guide portion 4. The tool holding portion 3 is a tool so that the central axis of the tool 2 is inclined in the circumferential direction of the guide portion 4 with respect to the reference line extending perpendicularly to the tangent line of the movement locus on the annular movement locus by the guide portion 4. Holds 2.

Further, the tool changing device 1 includes a tool changing arm 5 for exchanging a tool 2 held by the tool holding portion 3 and a tool 2 attached to the machine tool 100, and a tool changing arm 5 centered on a rotating shaft 6a. A rotary drive mechanism 6 for rotationally driving the tool 2 and a tool tilting mechanism 7 for tilting the tool 2 located at the first position 4a at a predetermined angle are provided.

The tool 2 located at the first position 4a and before being tilted by the tool tilting mechanism 7 is arranged so as to be parallel to the tool 2 attached to the tool rotation shaft 102 of the machine tool 100 and rotates. The rotary shaft 6a of the drive mechanism 6 is arranged so as to be tilted at a predetermined angle with respect to the tool rotary shaft 102 of the machine tool 100.

The tool holding portion 3 has an annular shape. In the case of an annular shape, the circular movement locus of the tool holding portion 3 by the guide portion 4 also has a circular shape. Will coincide with the line extending in the radial direction.

With reference to FIG. 8, the machine tool 100 includes a work holding portion 104 for holding the work 200, a tool rotating shaft 102 to which the tool 2 can be attached, and an advancing / retreating mechanism 106 capable of advancing / retreating the tool rotating shaft 102 in the axial direction. The tool rotation shaft 102 is provided with an elevating mechanism 108 capable of raising and lowering the tool rotation shaft 102 up and down, and a left and right movement mechanism 110 capable of moving the tool rotation shaft 102 left and right. The tool changer 1 is arranged on the side of the machine tool 100 and on one side of the tool rotation shaft 102 in the left-right direction.

The tool 2 replacement work using the tool changer 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7. First, as shown in FIG. 5A, the tool changer 1 is No. 2 (#) in the first grip portion 5a of the first and second grip portions 5a and 5b provided at the tip of the tool change arm 5. The explanation will be made on the assumption that the tool of 2) is gripped and the tool of No. 1 (# 1) is attached to the machine tool. The first grip portion 5a and the second grip portion 5b are configured in a C-shape that opens outward in the circumferential direction.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the tool rotation shaft 102 is laterally moved by the left-right movement mechanism 110 of the machine tool 100 to approach the rotation shaft 6a adjacent to the first position 4a of the tool changer 1. Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, the shutter device 9 provided between the machine tool 100 and the tool changing device 1 is opened. Then, as shown in FIG. 5C, the first (# 1) tool 2 mounted on the machine tool 100 is gripped by the second grip portion 5b by rotating the rotation shaft 6a of the rotation drive mechanism 6.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5D, the rotary shaft 6a is further swiveled to attach the second (# 2) tool 2 to the tool rotary shaft 102 of the machine tool 100. When the tool 2 is attached to or detached from the machine tool 100, the advancing / retreating mechanism 106 of the machine tool 100 may be operated to advance / retreat the tool rotating shaft 102 in the front-rear direction.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5E, after the first grip portion 5a is swiveled toward the tool changing device 1 side from the shutter device 9, the shutter device 9 is closed and the machine tool 100 is machined as shown in FIG. 5F. It prevents the powder from flying to the tool changer 1.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6A, a step of gripping the third (# 3) tool 2 waiting at the first position 4a with the first grip portion 5a will be described. As shown in FIG. 6B, the rotation shaft 6a is rotated so that the opening of the first grip portion 5a is positioned below the tool 2 of the third (# 3). Then, as shown in FIG. 6C, the tool 2 of No. 3 (# 3) is tilted by the tool tilting mechanism 7, and the tool 2 of No. 3 (# 3) is positioned on the turning locus of the first grip portion 5a. Let me.

Then, as shown in FIG. 6D, the third (# 3) tool 2 is gripped by the first grip portion 5a. The rotary shaft 6a of the rotary drive mechanism 6 is configured to freely move forward and backward in the axial direction, and after the first grip portion 5a grips the third (# 3) tool 2, the rotary shaft 6a is gripped by the tip 2b of the tool 2. The tool 2 can be removed from the tool holding portion 3 by moving the tool 2 in the direction of. At this time, the rotation drive mechanism 6 is provided with a cam mechanism configured so that the first grip portion 5a approaches the rotation shaft 6a as it extends toward the tip end.

Then, as shown in FIG. 6E, the rotary shaft 6a is further rotated to hold the first (# 1) tool 2 in the tool holding portion 3. Then, as shown in FIG. 7A, the rotation shaft 6a is further rotated to be separated from the second grip portion 5b from the first (# 1) tool 2. Then, as shown in FIG. 7B, the inclination by the tool inclination mechanism 7 is returned to the original state, and the tool 2 of the first (# 1) is separated from the turning locus of the second grip portion 5b.

Then, as shown in FIG. 7C, the tool exchange arm 5 having the first grip portion 5a and the second grip portion 5b at the tip thereof is moved to the initial position. Then, as shown in FIG. 7D, the tool holding portion 3 is moved along the guide portion 4, and the fourth (# 4) tool 2 to be used next is arranged at the first position 4a.

According to the present embodiment, since the tip 2b of the tool 2 is located inside the guide portion 4, the tool 2 is arranged parallel to the central axis of the guide portion 4, and is narrower than the conventional product. The exchange device 1 can be provided.

In particular, when the tool 2 has a tapered shape toward the tip 2b, the tip 2b of the tool 2 is arranged inside the guide portion 4, so that the base end portion 2a of the tool 2 is arranged inside the guide portion 4. The radial size of the tool changing device 1 including the tool 2 as a whole can be made compact as compared with the case where the tool 2 is used.

Further, in the present embodiment, the first position 4a is a position below the center of the guide portion 4 and the position where the tool 2 held by the tool holding portion 3 is horizontal is set as the first position 4a. Is the position where the tool 2 is attached to the machine tool 100, and is the position where the tool 2 is replaced at the second position 4b (including the position where the tool 2 is in the substantially vertical posture) which is the lower part of the guide portion 4. There is.

As a result, the second position 4b can be positioned above by positioning the first position 4a below the center of the guide portion 4, and the tool 2 replacement operator does not bend and bend the knee to guide the tool 2. The tool 2 can be replaced with the portion 4, and the replacement work of the tool 2 can be facilitated.

In the present embodiment, the shape of the guide portion 4 is described using a perfect circular shape, but the shape of the guide portion 4 is not limited to the perfect circular shape, and is, for example, an oval shape such as an oval shape or an elliptical shape. May be.

1 Tool changer 2 Tool 2a Base end 2b Tip 3 Tool holding part 4 Guide part 4a First position 4b Second position 5 Tool change arm 5a First grip part 5b Second grip part 6 Rotation drive mechanism 6a Rotating shaft 7 Tool Tilt mechanism 8 Support frame body 9 Shutter device 100 Machine tool 102 Tool rotation shaft 104 Work holding part 106 Advance / retreat mechanism 108 Elevating device 110 Left / right movement mechanism 200 Work

Claims (4)

Multiple tool holders that hold the base of the tool,
An annular guide portion that movably guides the tool holding portion in an annular shape, and an annular guide portion.
A tool change arm that can take out a tool from the tool holding portion at the first position of the guide portion, and
It is a tool changer equipped with
The guide portion holds the tool holding portion so that the tip of the tool is located inside the guide portion.
The tool holding portion is provided so that the central axis of the tool is inclined in the circumferential direction of the guide portion with respect to a reference line extending perpendicularly to the tangent line of the movement locus on the annular movement locus of the guide portion. Holds the tool
The tool changer is
A tool exchange arm for exchanging the tool held by the tool holding portion and the tool attached to the machine tool.
A rotary drive mechanism that rotationally drives the tool exchange arm around the rotary shaft,
A tool tilting mechanism that tilts the tool located at the first position to a predetermined angle,
Equipped with
The tool located at the first position and before being tilted by the tool tilting mechanism is arranged so as to be parallel to the tool attached to the tool rotation axis of the machine tool.
A tool changer, wherein the rotation axis of the rotation drive mechanism is tilted at a predetermined angle with respect to the tool rotation axis of the machine tool. The tool changing device according to claim 1 .
A tool changing device characterized in that the tool holding portion is annular. A machine tool provided with the tool changer according to claim 1 or 2 on the side.
The work holding part that holds the work and the work holding part
A tool rotation shaft to which the tool can be attached and
A machine tool characterized by being equipped with. The machine tool according to claim 3 .
An advancing / retreating mechanism that allows the tool rotation axis to move forward and backward in the axial direction,
An elevating mechanism that can raise and lower the tool rotation axis up and down,
A left-right movement mechanism that can move the tool rotation axis left and right,
Equipped with
The tool changing device is a machine tool characterized in that it is arranged in one of the left and right directions of the tool rotation axis.

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