JP6984395B2 - Crane and crane assembly method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a crane and a crane assembly method.

A boom that is undulatingly arranged on a horizontally rotatable strut, a jib that is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom, and a jib that is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom and behind the jib, and the tip becomes a jib. It has a front strut that is connected and undulates integrally with the jib, and a rear strut that is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom and behind the front strut, and the tip is connected to the base end side of the boom. Large cranes such as rafting jib cranes and tower cranes that raise and lower the jib by adjusting the angle with the rear struts are used.

Such large cranes are disassembled and transported and assembled at the site where the crane is used. Generally, large cranes connect the boom and jib in a straight line and lie down on the ground, connect the front struts and rear struts in a stack on the jib, and connect the rear struts and front struts to a predetermined angle. Raise it and then raise the boom.

As a method for causing the rear struts stacked on the jib, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-75294, a rope of a supplementary winch is connected to the tip of the rear struts through a sheave provided on a gantry or a mast, and the supplementary winch is used. A method of causing a rear strut by winding a rope in is disclosed. For cranes with a relatively small boom length, this method can be adopted, but for cranes with a large boom length, the height of the gantry and mast is relatively small, and the auxiliary winding winch is used. It is difficult to adopt the method described in the above-mentioned publication because the angle of the rope cannot be increased.

Generally, in order to cause a rear strut, it is necessary to lift the tip of the rear strut using an assembly crane, as described in the prior art in the above gazette. If the tip of the rear strut is lifted directly by the assembly crane, the operator must climb up to the tip of the rear strut with the rear strut upright and remove the hook of the assembly crane, which is extremely dangerous work.

For this reason, a sling with a length approximately equal to the length of the rear strut is attached to the tip of the rear strut, and it is common to raise the rear strut by hooking the hook of the assembly crane to the tip of this sling. be. In this case, safety can be ensured by raising the rear strut and fixing it at a predetermined angle, and then lowering the hook of the assembly crane near the ground and removing the hook from the sling. In addition, the sling removed from the hook of the auxiliary crane is held out of the way while using the crane by attaching the tip to the base end of the rear strut.

When lifting heavy objects such as rear struts, for safety reasons, two slings are used so that even if one sling ruptures or comes off the hook, the other sling can hold the suspended load. Is desired. When using two slings, both slings must share the load approximately evenly to ensure that each sling can hold the suspended load. For this reason, the two slings for raising the rear struts need to be installed so that their height positions are always equal to each other regardless of the angle of the rear struts. Therefore, the sling used to raise the rear strut is usually attached symmetrically to both sides of the tip of the rear strut.

The rear strut caused as described above is held at a constant tilt angle with respect to the boom by connecting the tip or intermediate portion to the base end or intermediate portion of the boom by a guy line having a constant length. Will be done. Normally, the rear strut is provided with a swingable link to which the guy line is connected, and this link is wider than the body of the rear strut to fit the boom.

Since the rear strut has such a link, after raising the rear strut as described above, the rope of the assembly crane is sent out to remove the sling from the hook of the assembly crane, and the tip of the sling is the base end of the rear strut. When arranging in the vicinity of the portion, even if the hook is horizontally displaced from the link and lowered, one of the two slings suspended by one hook interferes with the link. For this reason, in the conventional crane, it is necessary to re-suspend the slings one by one to bypass the link in the sling processing after the rear strut is caused.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-75294

In view of the above inconvenience, it is an object of the present invention to provide a crane and a crane assembly method in which the sling used to raise the rear strut can be easily processed.

The crane according to one aspect of the present invention made to solve the above problems has a horizontally rotatable swivel body, a boom undulatingly arranged on the swivel body, and undulating at the tip of the boom. A front strut that is undulatingly connected to the jib to be connected to the tip of the boom and behind the jib, the tip of which is connected to the jib via a guy line and undulates integrally with the jib, and the tip of the boom and The rear strut is provided with a rear strut having a strut body undulatingly connected to the rear of the front strut and the tip thereof is connected to the base end side of the boom via a guy line, and the rear strut is the tip side of the rear strut body. A lifting member rotatably arranged around a horizontal axis in the portion, and a lifting member having two suspension rings, and a base end attached to the suspension ring, having a length at which the tip reaches the vicinity of the base end portion of the strut body. It has two upright slings.

In the crane, the rear strut is rotatably arranged on the tip side portion around a horizontal axis, a lifting member having two suspension rings, a base end is attached to the suspension ring, and the tip is the rear strut. By having two upright slings having a length that reaches the vicinity of the base end portion of the above two upright slings, the tips of the two upright slings are lifted by an assembly crane to raise the strut body, and then the two upright slings are raised. The tip of the sling can be easily hung on the side of the base end of the strut body without interfering with the guy line. Therefore, in the crane, the tip portions of the two upright slings can be easily removed from the assembly crane and attached to the base end portion of the strut body, so that the assembly work is efficient.

The crane may further have a sheave in which the rear strut is rotatably disposed around a horizontal axis at the tip of the strut body, and the lifting member may be disposed coaxially with the sheave. According to this configuration, the lifting member shares a shaft with the sheave, which simplifies the structure.

In the crane, the two rings may be provided so as to sandwich the rotation axis of the lifting member. According to this configuration, the load can be reliably distributed to the two upright slings.

In the crane, it is preferable that the distances of the two rings from the axis of rotation are equal to each other. According to this configuration, the load can be evenly distributed to the above two upright slings.

The crane may further have a backward tilting sling in which the rear strut has a proximal end attached to the middle portion of the strut body and has a length such that the tip reaches the vicinity of the proximal end portion of the strut body. According to this configuration, after the tip of the upright sling is lifted by an assembly crane to raise the rear strut, the rear strut is relatively easily tilted toward the boom side by pulling the backward tilting sling with a winch. Be done.

Further, the crane assembling method according to another aspect of the present invention includes a horizontally rotatable swivel body, a boom undulatingly arranged on the swivel body, and a jib undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom. A front strut that is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom and behind the jib, the tip of which is connected to the jib via a guy line and undulates integrally with the jib, and the tip of the boom and the front strut. A method of assembling a crane including a rear strut having a strut body that is undulatingly connected rearward and whose tip is connected to the base end side of the boom via a guy line, and is horizontal to the tip side of the strut body. The tip of two upright slings having a base end connected to each of the two suspension rings of the lifting member rotatably arranged around a vertical axis and having a length at which the tip reaches the vicinity of the base end portion of the strut body. The process of erecting the strut body by lifting it with an assembly crane, the process of connecting the strut body and the boom with a guy line, and the process of connecting the tips of the two upright slings with the assembly crane to the strut body. It is characterized by including a step of suspending it to the side of the base end portion and a step of removing the tips of the two upright slings from the assembly crane and attaching them to the base end portion of the strut body.

In the crane assembly method, the rear strut is caused by lifting the tip of the strut body via the lifting member. Therefore, after connecting the rear strut and the boom with a guy line, the two upright slings are attached. The tip of the guy line can be hung on the side of the base end of the strut body 24 without interfering with the guy line. Therefore, it is easy to remove the tips of the two upright slings from the assembly crane and attach them to the base end of the strut body 24 so as not to interfere with the use of the crane.

In the present specification, the "base end" means the end portion of the boom or jib on the turning center side, and the "tip" means the opposite side.

As described above, the crane according to one aspect of the present invention and the crane assembly method according to another aspect can easily process the upright sling used to raise the rear strut.

It is a schematic side view which shows the crane of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic side view of the rear strut of the crane of FIG. 1 in an upright state. It is a schematic rear view of the rear strut of FIG. 2 in an upright state. It is a schematic side view which shows one process of assembling the crane of FIG. It is a schematic side view which shows the next process of FIG. 4 of the assembly of the crane of FIG. It is a schematic side view which shows the next process of FIG. 5 of the assembly of the crane of FIG. It is a schematic side view which shows the next process of FIG. 6 of the assembly of the crane of FIG. It is a schematic side view which shows the next process of FIG. 7 of the assembly of the crane of FIG. It is a schematic side view which shows the next process of FIG. 8 of the assembly of the crane of FIG. It is a schematic side view which shows the next process of FIG. 9 of the assembly of the crane of FIG. It is a schematic side view which shows the next process of FIG. 10 of the assembly of the crane of FIG. It is a schematic side view which shows the next process of FIG. 11 of the assembly of the crane of FIG. It is a schematic side view which shows the next process of FIG. 12 of the assembly of the crane of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.

[crane]
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a crane according to an embodiment of the present invention.

This crane undulates in the front-rear direction (downward to the front side and stands up to the rear side) on the traveling body 1, the rotating body 2 mounted on the traveling body 1 so as to be able to turn horizontally, and the front part of the turning body 2. The boom 3 is undulatingly arranged, the jib 4 is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom 3 in the front-rear direction, and the tip is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom 3 and behind the jib 4. The front strut 5 which is connected to the jib 4 and undulates integrally with the jib 4, and the rear strut 6 which is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom 3 and behind the front strut 5 and whose tip is connected to the base end side of the boom 3. And prepare.

[Running body]
The traveling body 1 has a pair of crawlers (tracks) 7 as traveling devices.

[Swivel body]
The swivel body 2 is from the driver's cabin 8, the boom undulating winch 9 that winds up the boom undulating rope Rb that undulates the boom 3, the jib undulating winch 10 that winds up the jib undulating rope Rj that undulates the jib 4, and the tip of the jib 4. A hoisting winch 11 for hoisting a hoisting rope Rh that is hung and hoisting a hoisting load, a gantry 12 used for undulating the boom 3, and the like are provided.

〔boom〕
The boom 3 is formed by continuously connecting the lower boom 13, a plurality of intermediate booms 14, and the tower cap 15 in the longitudinal direction, the lower boom 13 is attached to the swivel body 2, and the jib 4 is connected to the tower cap 15. To. The lower boom 13 and the plurality of intermediate booms 14 are roughly square cylinder-shaped or quadrangular pyramid-shaped frames formed by four main girders (pillars) and a plurality of auxiliary girders (lattices) connecting between adjacent main girders. It can have a lattice structure, which is a structure.

The tip of the boom 3 is connected to the tip of the gantry 12 by a boom guy line 16, and the boom 3 undulates integrally with the gantry 12 by sending out and winding the boom undulating rope Rb by the boom undulating winch 9.

Further, the boom 3 has a miscellaneous winch 17 for winding the miscellaneous rope Ro used for assembling and chores of the crane.

〔jib〕
The jib 4 is formed by connecting a lower jib 18, a plurality of intermediate jib 19, and an upper jib 20 in the longitudinal direction, and the lower jib 18 is connected to the tip of the boom 3. These lower jib 18, middle jib 19 and upper jib 20 are formed from four main girders and a plurality of auxiliary girders connecting adjacent main girders, similarly to the lower boom 13 and middle boom 14 of the boom 3. It may have a substantially quadrangular tubular or quadrangular pyramid-shaped lattice structure.

[Front strut]
Like the jib 4 and the boom 3, the front strut 5 can have a lattice structure formed of four main girders and a plurality of auxiliary girders connecting between adjacent main girders. The front strut 5 may have an integral structure, or may be configured to be separable like the jib 4 and the boom 3.

The front strut 5 is rotatably arranged around an axis horizontal to the tip, and guides a plurality of undulating sheaves 21 that fold back the jib undulating rope Rj extending from the jib undulating winch 10 and a lifting rope Rh extending from the hoisting winch 11. It has a sheave 22 and.

The tip of the front strut 5 is connected to the tip of the jib 4 by a jib guy line 23, which causes the front strut 5 to undulate integrally with the jib 4.

[Rear strut]
Like the jib 4, boom 3 and front strut 5, the rear strut 6 can have a lattice structure formed of four main girders and a plurality of auxiliary girders connecting between adjacent main girders. Has 24.

Further, the rear strut 6 is rotatably arranged around the horizontal axis at the tip of the strut body 24, and has a plurality of undulating sheaves 25 for folding back the jib undulating rope Rj extending from the jib undulating winch 10, and an intermediate portion of the strut body 24. It has a guide sheave 26 that is rotatably arranged around a horizontal axis and guides a lifting rope Rh extending from a hoisting winch 11.

The tip of the strut body 24 is connected to the vicinity of the base end of the boom 3 by a strut guy line 27, whereby the angle of the strut body 24 with respect to the boom 3 when the crane is used is fixed.

Further, as shown in detail in FIGS. 2 and 3, the rear strut 6 has a lifting member 28 rotatably arranged around a horizontal axis on one of the left and right sides of the tip thereof, and a base end is lifted. Two upright slings 29 attached to the member 28 and having a length at which the tip reaches the vicinity of the base end of the strut body 24, and the base end is attached to the middle portion of the strut body 24, and the tip is attached to the strut body 24. A backward tilting sling 30 having a length that reaches the vicinity of the base end portion, a holding portion 31 provided at the base end portion of the strut body 24 and capable of holding the tips of the upright sling 29 and the backward tilting sling 30, and the strut body 24. It has a link member 32 that is swingably arranged at the tip portion and to which the strut guy line 27 is connected.

<lifting member>
The lifting member 28 has two rings 33 for attaching the base end of the upright sling 29. The lifting member 28 can be formed in a plate shape.

The lifting member 28 is preferably arranged coaxially with the undulating sheave 25 in order to simplify the structure.

The two rings 33 of the lifting member 28 are not particularly limited as long as they have a structure to which a sling can be attached, such as a through hole formed in the member forming the lifting member 28 and an eyebolt attached to the member forming the lifting member 28.

Further, it is preferable that the lifting ring 33 has the same distance from the rotation center axis of the lifting member 28 so that the tip portion of the lifting member 28 and thus the rear strut 6 can be lifted in a well-balanced manner by two upright slings 29.

<Upright sling>
The upright sling 29 is attached to the ring 33 of the lifting member 28 with its base end directly or via a connecting member such as a shackle.

This upright sling 29 is used to raise the rear strut 6 by attaching the tip to the hook of the assembly crane when assembling the crane, as will be described in detail later. Further, the upright sling 29 is held so that its tip is attached to the holding portion 31 and does not move unnecessarily except when the crane is assembled and disassembled.

<Backward tilt sling>
The backward tilting sling 30 is attached at a position where the base end does not interfere with the link member 32.

As will be described in detail later, this backward tilting sling 30 is used to attach the hook of the miscellaneous rope Ro to the tip and tilt the rear strut 6 backward to a predetermined angle when assembling the crane. Further, the backward tilting sling 30 is held so that its tip is attached to the holding portion 31 and does not move unnecessarily except when the crane is assembled.

[Crane assembly method]
The crane can be assembled by the crane assembly method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Specifically, the crane has a step of connecting the boom 3, a jib 4, a front strut 5, and a rear strut 6 <connecting step>, and a rear strut by lifting the tips of two upright slings 29 by an assembly crane. A step of erecting the rear strut 6 <standing up step>, a step of tilting the rear strut 6 backward by pulling the tip of the backward tilting sling 30 with a miscellaneous crane Wo, and a strut guy line of the rear strut 6 and the boom 3. The process of connecting at 27 <strut guy line connection process>, the process of connecting the front strut 5 and jib 4 at jib guy line 23 <jib guy line connection process>, and the tip of two upright slings 29 are connected to the strut body 24 by an assembly crane. The step of hanging to the side of the base end of the strut body <hanging step> and the tips of the two upright slings 29 are removed from the assembly crane, attached to the holding portion 31 of the base end of the strut body 24, and tilted backward. A step of removing the tip of the sling 30 from the miscellaneous rope Ro and attaching it to the holding portion 31 <sling attaching step> is provided.

<Connecting process>
In the connecting step, as shown in FIG. 4, the boom 3 is attached to the swivel body 2 in a state of lying down on the ground, and the jib 4 is connected to the tip of the boom 3 in a state of lying down on the ground. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the front strut 5 is connected to the tip of the boom 3 in a state of being stacked on the jib 4, and the rear strut 6 is attached to the tip of the boom 3 in a state of being further stacked on the front strut 5. connect.

<Standing process>
In the upright step, as shown in FIG. 6, the tips of the two upright slings 29 are removed from the holding portion 31 and attached to the hook F of the assembly crane. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the strut body 24 is erected by lifting the tip of the strut body 24 of the rear strut 6 via two upright slings 29 by an assembly crane.

<Backward tilting process>
In the backward tilting step, as shown in FIG. 8, the tip of the backward tilting sling 30 is removed from the holding portion 31 and attached to the tip of the miscellaneous rope Ro extending from the miscellaneous winch 17. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, by winding the miscellaneous rope Ro with the miscellaneous winch 17, the strut body 24 of the rear strut 6 is tilted backward toward the base end side of the boom 3 via the backward tilting sling 30. At this time, by adjusting the angle of the strut body 24 so that the tip of the link member 32 provided on the strut body 24 is located in the vicinity of the boom 3, the next strut guy line connecting step becomes easy.

<Strut guy line connection process>
In the strut guy line connecting step, as shown in FIG. 10, the strut guy line 27 is connected to the link member 32.

<Jib guy line connection process>
In the jib guy line connecting step, as shown in FIG. 11, the tip portion of the front strut 5 and the tip portion of the jib 4 are connected by the jib guy line 23. If necessary, the jib undulating winch 10 may wind the jib undulating rope Rj to raise the front strut 5 to facilitate the connection of the jib guy line 23.

When the jib undulating rope Rj is wound up by the jib undulating winch 10 with the strut guy line 27 and the jib guy line 23 connected, the strut guy line 27 and the jib guy line 23 are each linearly extended as shown in FIG. 12, and the boom 3 The angle of the rear strut 6 with respect to the jib 4 and the angle of the front strut 5 with respect to the jib 4 can be maintained at a predetermined angle.

<Hanging process>
In the hanging step, as shown in FIG. 13, the hook F of the assembly crane is moved to the side of the strut body 24 on the side where the lifting member 28 is arranged in a plan view, and the rope is extended. The tip of the upright sling 29 of the book is hung from the side of the base end portion of the strut body 24 of the rear strut 6. As a result, the tip of the upright sling 29 can be lowered to a workable height without interfering the upright sling 29 with the link member 32 and the strut guy line 27.

<Sling mounting process>
In the sling mounting process, the tip of the backward tilting sling 30 is lowered to a workable height by loosening the miscellaneous rope Ro, the tip of the backward tilting sling 30 is removed from the miscellaneous rope Ro, and the tips of the two upright slings 29 are removed. Remove from hook F of the assembly crane. Then, the tips of the two removed upright slings 29 and the backward tilting sling 30 are held by the holding portion 31 of the strut body 24. As a result, the upright sling 29 and the backward tilting sling 30 are held in a state of extending along the strut main body 24, and the upright sling 29 and the backward tilting sling 30 can be prevented from getting in the way when the crane is used.

The crane assembled as described above is used by erecting the boom 3 by winding the boom undulating rope Rb with the boom undulating winch 9.

<Advantage>
Since the rear strut 6 has a lifting member 28 having two hanging rings 33 and two upright slings 29 attached to the hanging rings 33, the two upright slings 29 are lifted by an assembly crane. After raising the strut body 24, the tips of the two upright slings 29 can be easily suspended to the side of the strut body 24 without interfering with the strut guy line 27. Therefore, in the crane, it is easy to remove the tips of the two upright slings 29 from the hook F of the assembly crane and hold them in the holding portion 31 provided at the lower part of the strut body 24, so that the efficiency of the assembly work is high. Is good.

[Other embodiments]
The above embodiment does not limit the configuration of the present invention. Therefore, the above-described embodiment can be omitted, replaced or added with components of each part of the above-described embodiment based on the description of the present specification and common general technical knowledge, and all of them are construed to belong to the scope of the present invention. Should be.

In the crane according to the present invention, the lifting member may be rotatably arranged around an axis different from the sheave.

The crane according to the present invention may have a rear strut that does not have a backward tilting sling. In this case, the rear strut may be tilted backward by the horizontal swing of the assembly crane. Therefore, the crane assembly method according to the present invention does not require a step of tilting the strut body backward using a backward tilting sling.

Each step of the crane assembling method according to the present invention can be performed in parallel or before and after within a range that does not hinder. For example, the standing process may be performed after connecting the miscellaneous rope to the tip of the backward tilting sling.

In the crane assembling method according to the present invention, the front strut and the rear strut may be connected to the tip of the boom without the jib attached, and the jib may be connected to the tip of the boom after raising the rear strut and the front strut. Further, a unit in which the front or a part of the jib, the front strut and the rear strut is integrally connected may be attached to the tip of the boom. As a unit in which such a plurality of components are connected, for example, a unit in which a lower jib, a front strut and a rear strut are integrally connected, a unit in which a lower jib and a front strut are integrally connected, a front strut and a rear strut are integrally connected. A connected unit, etc. is assumed.

In the crane assembling method according to the present invention, the jib guy line connecting step may be performed before the standing step.

In the crane assembling method according to the present invention, the boom body may be tilted backward by using a winch other than the miscellaneous winch, such as a supplementary winch, in the backward tilting step.

The present invention can be particularly suitably used for large jib cranes.

1 Traveling body 2 Swinging body 3 Boom 4 Jib 5 Front strut 6 Rear strut 7 Crawler 8 Operator's cabin 9 Boom undulating winch 10 Jib undulating winch 11 Winding winch 12 Gantry 13 Lower boom 14 Intermediate boom 15 Tower cap 16 Boom guy line 17 Miscellaneous Winch 18 Lower jib 19 Intermediate jib 20 Upper jib 21 Undulating sheave 22 Guided sheave 23 Jib guy line 24 Strut body 25 Undulating sheave 26 Guided sheave 27 Strut guy line 28 Lifting member 29 Upright sling 30 Backward tilting sling 31 Holding part 32 Link member 33 Ring F hook Rb Boom undulating rope Rh Lifting rope Rj Jib undulating rope Ro Miscellaneous rope

Claims (6)

With a swivel that can rotate horizontally,
The boom, which is undulating on the swivel body,
A jib that is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom,
A front strut that is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom and behind the jib, and the tip is connected to the jib via a guy line and undulates integrally with the jib.
It is equipped with a rear strut having a strut body that is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom and behind the front strut, and the tip is connected to the base end side of the boom via a guy line.
The above rear strut
Is above kiss Trat rotatably disposed around a horizontal axis at the distal end side of the body, and the member lifting with two Tsuwa,
A crane with two upright slings, the base end of which is attached to the ring and the tip of which is long enough to reach near the base end of the strut body.
The rear strut further has a sheave rotatably disposed about a horizontal axis at the tip of the strut body.
The crane according to claim 1, wherein the lifting member is arranged coaxially with the sheave. The crane according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the two rings are provided with the rotary shaft interposed therebetween in the radial direction centered on the axis of the rotary shaft of the lifting member. The crane according to claim 3, wherein the distances of the two rings from the rotation axis are equal to each other. Any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rear strut further has a backward tilting sling having a proximal end attached to the middle portion of the strut body and a tip having a length reaching the vicinity of the proximal end portion of the strut body. The crane according to item 1. With a swivel that can rotate horizontally,
The boom, which is undulating on the swivel body,
A jib that is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom,
A front strut that is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom and behind the jib, and the tip is connected to the jib via a guy line and undulates integrally with the jib.
A method of assembling a crane including a rear strut having a strut body that is undulatingly connected to the tip of the boom and behind the front strut, and the tip is connected to the base end side of the boom via a guy line.
The length at which the base end is connected to each of the two hanging rings of the lifting member rotatably arranged around the horizontal axis on the tip side portion of the strut body and the tip reaches the vicinity of the base end portion of the strut body. The process of erecting the strut body by lifting the tips of the two upright slings with an assembly crane, and
The process of connecting the strut body and the boom with a guy line,
The process of suspending the tips of the two upright slings by the assembly crane to the side of the base end of the strut body, and
A crane assembly method comprising a step of removing the tips of the two upright slings from the assembly crane and attaching them to the base end of the strut body.

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