JP6960158B2 - Molded product with self-extension - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a self-extensible molded product.

Refractories are used when constructing structures that can withstand high temperatures. For example, a kiln is used to heat various substances. Since the inside of the kiln becomes hot, the part exposed to high temperature is constructed with various refractories. To give another example, a blast furnace is used to melt iron ore and take out pig iron. Since the inside of the blast furnace is exposed to high-temperature pig iron, it is composed of refractory materials. To give yet another example, a ladle is used during casting to scoop molten metal and pour it into a mold. The inner wall of the ladle is made of refractory because it is exposed to molten hot metal.

Refractories that make up surfaces exposed to high-temperature substances in kilns, blast furnaces, ladles, etc. may be damaged due to aging, temperature changes due to heating and heat dissipation, loads due to stress, and the like. When such a refractory is damaged, problems such as a substance to be heated, a heating medium, a by-product such as a gas produced as a by-product from a raw material, or a heated substance may leak from the damaged portion. Therefore, if the refractory is damaged, it needs to be repaired. Regarding the repair of refractories, for example, the following prior arts are known.

Patent Document 1 describes a method of repairing a through hole formed in a furnace wall of a coke oven, which is one of the kilns. In this method, a rod-shaped jig having a heat-resistant backing plate made of a ceramic fiber board or the like is inserted from the inspection port provided in the upper part of the combustion chamber of the coke oven. Then, using a rod-shaped jig, the backing plate is pressed against the through hole formed in the furnace wall. Next, the ceramic spray material is sprayed onto the through holes closed by the backing plate. This is a method of repairing the damaged part of the furnace wall.

Patent Document 2 also describes a method of repairing a through hole formed in a furnace wall of a coke oven, which is one of the kilns. In this method, a rod-shaped jig with a heat-resistant backing plate attached to the tip is inserted from the inspection port of the coke oven. Then, the backing plate is fixed to the damaged part formed on the furnace wall by thermal spraying, and the rod-shaped jig is separated from the backing plate. After that, the damaged part of the furnace wall is repaired by spraying from the opposite side of the backing plate toward the backing plate.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-23209 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-40502

In the methods of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the damaged portion of the structure made of the refractory is maintained while the position of the backing plate is fixed with respect to the damaged portion of the structure made of the refractory. Must be repaired. In other words, the worker needs both the work of fixing the position of the backing plate to the damaged part of the structure made of refractory and the work of repairing the damaged part of the structure made of refractory. become.

An object of the present invention is to provide a molded product capable of repairing a damaged portion of a structure made of a refractory with a simpler operation.

A working body made of a refractory or carbon-based material, an expanding material that expands by heating, and a main body containing a refractory or carbon-based material and having a built-in working body and expanding material. When the main body is heated, the expanding material contained in the main body expands, and the operating body has self-extension that operates so as to protrude from the main body under the pressure of the expanded expanding material. The above-mentioned problems are solved by the molded product. In this molded product, the expanding material housed inside the main body expands due to heat, whereby the operating body operates so as to protrude. For example, if this molded product is arranged at a repaired portion of a structure made of a refractory or the like, the molded product can be fixed to the repaired portion by a protruding operating body. This eliminates the need for, for example, the work of continuously pressing the molded product against the damaged portion of the structure made of a refractory or the like, or maintaining the molded product in a desired position. Further, the operating body makes it possible to apply pressure to the structure around the damaged portion formed inside the structure made of a refractory or the like.

In the above-mentioned molded product, it is possible to provide a molded product for repairing a coke oven by forming the main body into a shape suitable for closing a damaged portion formed inside the coke oven.

In the above-mentioned molded product and the molded product for repairing a coke oven, it is preferable that the main body or the operating body has holes for reducing the internal pressure. By appropriately releasing the pressure inside the main body through the holes, it is possible to prevent excessive pressure from being applied to the main body. This makes it possible to prevent the main body from being damaged by the internal pressure.

In the above-mentioned molded product and the molded product for repairing a coke oven, it is preferable that the main body is provided with a hole, and the expansion material and the operating body are built in the hole. With such a configuration, it is possible to efficiently transmit the pressure when the expanding material expands to the operating body and efficiently convert the pressure into kinetic energy.

In the above-mentioned molded product and the coke oven repair molded product, the main body is provided with a hole for incorporating the operating body, and the operating body is preferably in a slidable state with respect to the hole. This makes it possible to prevent a large amount of expanded expansive material from leaking from between the operating body and the main body. In addition, the pressure of the expanding material can be efficiently transmitted to the operating body.

In the above-mentioned coke oven repair molding, the main body or the operating body preferably includes a portion that engages with a rod-shaped jig that feeds the molding into a hole formed in the coke oven. This makes it possible to place the coke oven repair molding in a damaged part formed in a deep position inside the coke oven even in a state where the fire of the coke oven is not completely extinguished, so-called hot.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a molded product capable of repairing a damaged portion of a structure made of a refractory with a simpler operation.

It is an exploded perspective view which shows one Embodiment of a refractory molding. It is a vertical sectional view of the refractory molded product of FIG. It is a vertical cross-sectional view which shows the state which heated the refractory molding of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a coke oven. It is a cross-sectional view of the coke oven of FIG. It is a side view which shows the vicinity of the through hole of FIG. FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state in which the operating body is operated in the refractory molded product of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a coke oven showing a state in which thermal spraying is performed on a refractory molded product in a state in which the operating body of FIG. 6 is in operation. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a coke oven showing a state in which thermal spraying on the refractory molded product of FIG. 8 has been completed. It is sectional drawing which shows the refractory molded article which concerns on another embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an operating body of the refractory molded product of FIG. 10 is extended.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the molded product will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

As shown in FIG. 1, the refractory molded product 1 of the present embodiment contains a working body 11 made of a refractory material, an expanding material 12 that expands by heating, and a refractory material 11 and an expanding material 12. Including the main body 13 composed of. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the main body 13 or the operating body 11 is heated, the expanding material 12 housed in the main body 13 expands. The operating body 11 receives the pressure of the expanded expanding member 12 and operates so as to protrude from the main body 13. As described above, the refractory molded product 1 of the present embodiment has self-elongability.

The refractory molded product 1 of the present embodiment is a refractory molded product for repairing a coke oven that can be suitably used when repairing a damaged portion of the coke oven. In addition, for example, it can be suitably used when repairing a structure made of a refractory in an industrial furnace other than a coke oven, a molten metal container, or the like. The refractory molding 1 of the present embodiment is preferably used for hot repair of a furnace in which it is avoided to turn off the fire because spalling occurs in the refractory in the furnace when the fire is completely turned off. Is possible.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the coke oven 5, the combustion chamber 51 and the carbonization chamber 52 are alternately continuous in the width direction. The individual carbonization chambers 52 are long chambers in which strip-shaped openings are continuous in the depth direction. Both ends of the carbonization chamber 52 are openings, and are called a kiln opening 521. A furnace lid (not shown) is arranged at the kiln opening 521. The kiln opening 521 can be opened and closed by attaching and detaching the furnace lid. At the upper part of the coke oven 5, a plurality of through holes called coal charging ports 522 communicating with the carbonization chamber 52 are arranged.

The combustion chamber 51 is a closed chamber in which both ends and the upper and lower portions are closed. The lower part of the combustion chamber 51 is divided into small chambers by a wall. Each small room communicates with the upper part of the combustion chamber 51. On the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 51, an air hole for supplying combustion air and a gas hole for supplying flammable gas are arranged. A through hole called a maintenance inspection port 511 that communicates with the combustion chamber 51 is arranged in the upper part of the combustion chamber 51. The inner diameter of the inspection port 511 is smaller than the inner diameter of the coal loading port 522.

The combustion chamber 51 and the carbonization chamber 52 are separated by a furnace wall 53 formed by stacking a plurality of refractory bricks. The coke carbonized in the carbonization chamber 52 is extruded from one kiln opening 521 toward the other kiln opening 521 by an extruder. At this time, stress acts on the furnace wall 53, and a through hole is likely to be formed in the furnace wall 53. As shown in FIG. 5, when the through hole 531 is formed in the furnace wall 53, coke and coal as a raw material fall to the bottom of the combustion chamber 51, which causes the air holes and gas holes to be closed.

To give an example of the length of the carbonization chamber 52 in the depth direction, the depth reaches as much as 17 m. Therefore, if the furnace wall 53 in the middle of the coke oven 5 is damaged, the damaged portion cannot be visually confirmed. In order to repair the damaged part in such a case, in the conventional technique, if the inner diameter of the damaged part is large enough to be completely covered by thermal spraying, the damage is caused by spraying the spraying material without using a backing plate. Close the place. If it is judged that the inner diameter of the damaged part is too large to be filled with the sprayed material alone, attach a backing plate to the tip of the rod-shaped repair jig and operate the rod-shaped repair jig to attach the backing plate to the damaged part. bring.

When fixing the backing plate to the repaired part, it is necessary to rely on the feeling transmitted to the operator's hand through the rod-shaped repair jig to determine whether or not the backing plate is placed at an appropriate position in the repaired part. If it is determined that the condition of the backing plate is appropriate, hold the backing plate as it is with a rod-shaped jig and perform thermal spraying on the backing plate, relying on the feeling transmitted to the operator's hand. Temporarily fix the backing plate to the damaged part. The rod-shaped jig gets in the way when spraying this temporary fixing. If it is judged that the temporary fixing is completed by relying on the feeling transmitted to the worker, remove the rod-shaped jig and pull out the rod-shaped jig out of the coke oven. Then, relying on the feeling transmitted to the worker's hand, the backing plate is overlaid by thermal spraying to fill the damaged part. Such a method is uncertain.

In the main body 13 of the refractory molded product 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the expansion material 12 built in the main body 13 expands by heating so that the operating body 11 protrudes from the main body 13. To operate. The repaired portion (through hole 531) of the coke oven 5 can be repaired by utilizing the operation of the operating body 11.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the worker operates a rod-shaped jig 6 in which the refractory molding 1 is fixed to the tip portion to move the refractory molding 1 to the damaged portion (through hole 531). The refractory molding 1 is arranged so as to be included in the through hole 531. Then, the tip of the jig 6 is pulled out from the refractory molded product 1, and the refractory molded product 1 is left in the through hole 531 and waits for a while. Alternatively, with the refractory molded product 1 included in the through hole 531 and waiting for the operating body 11 to extend as described later, the tip portion of the jig 6 is pulled out from the refractory molded product 1. Although FIG. 5 shows an example in which the rod-shaped jig 6 is inserted from the kiln opening 521 of the carbonization chamber 52, the rod-shaped jig 6 may be inserted from the coal loading port 522 or the inspection port 511.

When the repair work is performed hot, the expansion material 12 housed in the main body 13 is heated by the heat of the coke oven 5. When the repair work is carried out coldly, the expansion material 12 may be heated by the heat of the thermal spraying by performing thermal spraying on the refractory molded product 1. The expansion material 12 expands when heated. As shown by the arrows in FIG. 7, the operating body 11 extends so as to protrude from the main body 13 under the pressure of the expanding material 12, and its tip portion hits the refractory brick 532 constituting the existing furnace wall 53. Get in touch. As a result, the refractory composition 1 is fixed to the furnace wall 53.

When the backing plate is temporarily fixed to the damaged part by thermal spraying, the joint strength is low, and the information transmitted from the rod-shaped repair jig to the hand is uncertain as to whether or not the temporary fixing is completed. In the method of the present embodiment, as described above, the refractory molded product 1 is fixed to the damaged portion by the pressure acting on the operating body 11. The refractory molded product 1 is fixed relatively strongly to the damaged portion. For this reason, the information transmitted from the rod-shaped repair jig to the hand becomes clear, and it becomes easy to judge whether or not the work of fixing the refractory molded product 1 to the damaged portion is completed. Since the refractory molded product 1 is relatively strongly fixed to the damaged portion, the refractory molded product 1 does not easily come off from the damaged portion even if the tip of the rod-shaped repair jig 6 is slightly moved. By moving the rod-shaped repair jig 6, it is also possible to confirm whether or not the refractory molding 1 is fixed to the damaged portion.

After waiting for the time required for the operating body 11 to extend, as shown in FIG. 8, a hollow tube called a lance is attached to the refractory molded product 1 temporarily fixed in the through hole 531. Thermal spraying is performed using the thermal spray nozzle attached to 7 and its tip. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, the spray material 71 is filled in the gap between the refractory molded product 1 and the through hole 531 to fix the refractory molded product 1 to the through hole 531 and the through hole 531. Is blocked. The work is completed by removing the thermal spray nozzle from the coke oven 5.

When performing thermal spraying, the tip of the thermal spray nozzle 7 cannot always be visually confirmed. Therefore, in the case of the backing plate, the backing plate may fall off due to the pressure of spraying the spraying material or the tip of the spraying nozzle unintentionally contacting the backing plate. On the other hand, the refractory molded product 1 is temporarily fixed to the through hole 531 by extending the operating body 11. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the refractory molded product 1 from falling out of the through hole 531 when the sprayed material 71 is sprayed, and the gas holes and air holes arranged on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 51 are not blocked. .. Further, since the refractory molding 1 is temporarily fixed to the through hole 531 by thermal spraying, it is not necessary to keep the position of the refractory molding 1 continuously.

Next, the specific configuration of the refractory molded product 1 according to the present embodiment will be described in more detail.

The refractory molded product 1 according to the present embodiment has a shape suitable for closing a damaged portion of the coke oven 5. In the example of FIGS. 5 to 6, the damaged part is the through hole 531. Therefore, the outer shape of the refractory molded product 1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole so that it can be inserted into the through hole 531 and installed. As shown in FIG. 5, since the build-up is performed by thermal spraying, the thickness of the refractory molded product is smaller than the thickness of the furnace wall 53. Examples of the shape of the refractory molded product 1 include any three-dimensional shape such as a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, a quadrangular pyramid, a sphere, or an ellipsoid. The refractory molded product 1 of the present embodiment has a horizontally long block shape.

As shown in FIG. 1, the main body of the refractory molded product 1 is provided with a hole 131 that does not penetrate the main body 13. The number of holes, the position where the holes are provided, and the shape of the holes are not particularly limited. Examples of the shape of the hole include a cylinder, a polygonal prism, and the like. In the example of FIG. 1, a plurality of circular holes are provided from the upper surface to the bottom surface of the main body. The expansion member 12 and the actuator 11 are inserted into the hole 131 in the order described. Therefore, when the expanding member 11 expands, the pressure is transmitted to the operating body 11 and the operating body extends so as to protrude from the main body 13.

The operating body may have a structure capable of applying pressure to other members such as refractory bricks adjacent to the refractory molding 1 by receiving the pressure of the expanding material. The number of operating bodies and the shape of the operating bodies are not particularly limited. Examples of the shape of the operating body include a cylinder, a polygonal prism, and the like. In the example of FIG. 1, the operating body 11 has a rod shape that can be inserted into the above hole. It is preferable that the outer peripheral portion of the operating body 11 is slidable with respect to the inner peripheral portion of the hole 131. As a result, it is possible to prevent a large amount of the expanded expanding material 12 from leaking from between the operating body 11 and the hole 131, or a large amount of gas or the like generated from the expanding material 12.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the main body 13 or the operating body 11 is preferably provided with holes 132 in order to reduce the internal pressure generated when the expanding member 12 expands. The hole may have a shape that allows the hole 131 to communicate with the space outside the main body 131. In the example of FIGS. 1 to 3, a circular hole 132 that communicates the hole 131 with the space outside the main body is provided at the bottom of the hole 131 of the main body 13. The inner diameter of the hole 132 is configured to be smaller than the inner diameter of the hole 131. By providing the holes 132, it is possible to prevent an excessive increase in the internal pressure and prevent the refractory molded product 1 from being damaged by the internal pressure when the expanding material 12 is excessively expanded. Even if the hole is provided in the operating body 11, damage can be prevented.

In the refractory molded product 1 of the present embodiment, the main body 13 is provided with a portion 133 that engages with a rod-shaped jig 6 for feeding the refractory molded product 1 to a damaged portion of the coke oven. The portion may have a shape and number that can carry the refractory molded product 1 to the repaired portion by using the rod-shaped jig 6 by engaging with the rod-shaped jig 6. Examples of the shape of the engaging portion include a hole that does not penetrate the refractory molding 1, a hole that penetrates the refractory molding, a hook, and the like. By providing a plurality of engaging portions, it is possible to prevent the refractory molded product from unintentionally rotating with respect to the rod-shaped jig 6. In the refractory molded product 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, two through holes penetrating from the front surface to the back surface of the refractory molded product are the engaging portion 133. It is preferable that the rod-shaped jig has a tip shape that can be engaged with the engaging portion 133.

The operating body 11 and the main body 13 are made of a refractory material. The material constituting the refractory may be able to withstand the assumed heating temperature. For example, refractory bricks or molded articles using a castable composition having refractory properties can be mentioned. Examples of refractory bricks include silica stone bricks and chamotte bricks. Examples of the castable composition include those containing cement such as alumina cement or Portland cement and an aggregate.

The expandable material may be one that can expand and pressurize the operating body by being heated. The specific expansion material may be selected according to the assumed heating temperature. It is preferable to use an expansion material that maintains a solid state for a certain period of time or permanently after expansion in order to maintain the function of supporting the operating body even after heating. By maintaining the state in which the operating body is supported by the expanding material even after being heated, it is possible to exert a repulsive force when a load is applied to the operating body and prevent the operating body from shrinking immediately after heating. It will be possible. As the expanding material, for example, it is preferable to use a composition containing heat-expandable graphite. The heat-expandable graphite is obtained by inserting a predetermined substance between layers of graphite laminated in layers. When the heat-expandable graphite is heated, the substance placed between the layers is vaporized to expand the volume. The heat-expandable graphite exhibits flame retardancy, and the solid content remains even after expansion.

In the repair method according to the above embodiment, the thermal spraying method is not particularly limited. For example, ceramic spraying, flame spraying, plasma spraying, or thermite spraying can be used.

In the refractory molded product 1 according to the above embodiment, the expansion material 12 and the operating body 11 are built in the holes 131 that do not penetrate the main body 13. It may be changed as in the refractory molded product 2 according to another embodiment shown in FIG.

In the refractory molded product 2 of FIG. 10, the expansion material 22 is built in the hole 231 penetrating the main body 23. Then, the rod-shaped operating body 22 is inserted into the main body 23 so as to sandwich the expansion member 22 from the openings at both ends of the hole 231. When the expansion material 22 built in the hole 231 is heated, it extends in a direction protruding from the main body 23 as shown in FIG.

In this way, the expansion material may be arranged so that the pressure at the time of thermal expansion can be transmitted to the operating body. The shape of the hole containing the expansion material may be, for example, a shape that penetrates the main body, a shape that does not penetrate the main body, or a shape in which a plurality of single-character holes intersect. good.

In the refractory molded product 2 described above, the operating body 21 extends so as to project laterally from the refractory molded product 2. The hole 231 is provided with a hole 232 for reducing the internal pressure.

In the refractory moldings 1 and 2 according to the above embodiment, both the main body and the operating body are made of the refractory material. When it is determined that the refractory molding 1 may fall off when the refractory molding is installed in the through hole 531 which is the repair location, the operating body 11 and the main body 13 are made of a material containing carbon as a main component. It may be configured. Since carbon eventually burns out due to the heat of the furnace and becomes carbon dioxide, even if the main body or the operating body is accidentally dropped from the jig, the gas holes and air holes are prevented from being blocked. On the other hand, since the through hole formed in the furnace wall is closed by the thermal spray material, there is no problem even if the operating body and the main body are burned out.

11 Actuating body 12 Expansion material 13 Main body 1 Refractory molded product 132 Hole for reducing internal pressure 131 Hole that does not penetrate the main body 6 Jig-shaped jig

Claims (6)

A working body made of a refractory or carbon-based material, an expanding material that expands by heating, and a main body containing a refractory or carbon-based material and having a built-in working body and expanding material. It is a molded product containing
When the main body is heated, the expansion material stored in the main body expands,
The operating body is a self-extensible molded product for repairing a furnace or a molten metal container, which operates so as to protrude from the main body under the pressure of an expanded expanding material. Body or actuating member is formed form of claim 1 having a hole to reduce the internal pressure. The body has holes,
Forming type as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and the expansion member and the operating member is incorporated in the hole. The main body has a hole for incorporating the operating body,
The molded product according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the operating body is slidable with respect to the hole. A working body made of a refractory or carbon-based material, an expanding material that expands by heating, and a main body containing a refractory or carbon-based material and having a built-in working body and expanding material. It is a molded product containing
The main body has a shape suitable for closing the damaged part formed inside the coke oven.
When the main body is heated, the expansion material stored in the main body expands,
The operating body is a coke oven repair molding having self-extension that operates so as to protrude from the main body under the pressure of the expanded expanding material. This body is molded product coke oven repairing molded article according to claim 5 comprising a portion that engages a rod-shaped jig feeding to the hole made in the coke oven.

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