JP6934347B2 - Rafters and eaves structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to rafters for fixing gable members. The present invention also relates to the eaves structure of a building.

At the eaves of the building, plate materials such as a gable board and a nose cover (hereinafter, these are collectively referred to as a "gable member" in the present invention) are installed for the purpose of wind resistance, fire resistance, wall protection, and the like. As a method of fixing the gable member, after arranging the gable member on the front side of the rafter end surface, a screw or a nail is driven into the rafter end surface from the outdoor side surface of the gable member to fix the gable member. Further, a method of fixing the gable member and the rafters by using a special member is also known. (Patent Documents 1 and 2)

In addition, eaves gutters are generally laid along the eaves to receive rainwater flowing down from the roof surface. The eaves gutter is supported by eaves gutter hangings fixed to rafters and gable members. (Patent Document 3)

JP-A-2017-89284 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-221359 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-269050

In this way, in the method of driving a screw, a nail or the like from the surface of the gable member to the end face of the rafter to fix it, since the gable member is, for example, a long object of 3000 mm or more, the end face of the rafter is hidden by the gable member. In addition, if the field board and roofing material are laid on the upper surface side of the rafters, the position of the rafters cannot be confirmed from above. Therefore, it is difficult to recognize the position of the rafters, that is, the position where screws, nails, etc. are driven from the outdoor side surface of the gable member.

Further, in the method of fixing the gable member and the rafters using the special member, the cost and labor of using the special member are required, and in some cases, the thickness and material of the gable member are restricted.

Further, when fixing the eaves gutter hanger to the gutter member, the material and thickness of the gable member that the fixing member such as a screw or a nail can exert a fixing effect are required. When fixing the eaves gutter hanger to the rafters, it is difficult to fix it to the rafters via the gable member because the position of the rafters cannot be visually recognized if there is a gable member. Therefore, in practice, the eaves gutter hanger can be reliably fixed to the rafters only when there is no gable member.

In recent years, with the diversification of housing designs, there are increasing cases where the gable member is made of a material that is easily damaged, or the gable member is made of a ceramic material. In such a case, if the screws or nails fixing the eaves gutter hanger are easily pulled out, the eaves gutter hanger may fall off from the gutter member due to the influence of rain, snow or wind. Therefore, it is desirable that the eaves gutter hanger is securely fixed to the rafters via the gable member.

An object of the present invention has been made by paying attention to the above problem, and one of the problems is to provide a rafter that can easily fix a gable member even if the end face is concealed.

As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor has found that even if the end face of the rafter is concealed by a gable member, it is effective to construct the rafter so that its position can be known. The present invention has been completed based on the above findings, and is exemplified below.

The present invention is a rafter capable of fixing a gable member to the outdoor side end face on one side, and extends from the upper end of the rafter main body and the outdoor side end face of the rafter main body, and is equal to or larger than the thickness of the gable member toward the outdoor side. A rafter having a protrusion having a length of.

In one embodiment of the rafters according to the present invention, the horizontal width of the protrusion is equal to or less than the horizontal width of the upper surface of the rafter body.

In another embodiment of the rafters according to the present invention, the horizontal width of the protrusion is equal to the horizontal width of the upper surface of the rafter body.

In yet another embodiment of the rafters according to the present invention, the protrusion is an integral part of the rafter body.

In yet another embodiment of the rafters according to the present invention, the protruding portion is a separate product from the rafter body.

In yet another embodiment of the rafters according to the present invention, the protrusion extends along the upper surface of the rafter body.

In another aspect of the present invention, the effect of penetrating the rafter according to the present invention, the gable member fixed adjacent to the outdoor end surface of the rafter, and fixing the gable member inside the rafter is exhibited. It is an eaves structure equipped with a first fixing member.

In one embodiment of the eaves structure according to the present invention, the eaves gutter hanger fixed to the outer surface of the gable member and the effect of penetrating the gutter member and fixing the eaves gutter hanger inside the rafters are exhibited. The second fixing member is further provided.

According to the present invention, even if the end face of the rafter is concealed, the gable member can be easily fixed to the rafter because the protruding portion extending from the upper end of the end face of the rafter serves as a mark. Further, according to the present invention, there is an advantage that the eaves gutter hanger can be reliably attached to the rafters regardless of the material and thickness of the gable member.

That is, according to the present invention, the position of the rafter, that is, the position where the screw, the nail, etc. is driven can be easily recognized even after the gable member is placed on the rafter, and the rafter and the gable member can be easily fixed without using a special fixture. The gable member can be fixed to the rafters. In addition, since the position of the end face of the rafters can be recognized by using the protrusion as a mark even after the gable member is attached, the fixing members such as screws and nails for fixing the eaves gutter hanger penetrate the gutter member and are fixed to the rafters. It can be easily constructed so that it can exert its effect. Therefore, the degree of freedom in design including the material and thickness of the gable member can be increased, and further, it can contribute to cost reduction. In the past, in addition to the case where the gable member constituting the outer surface (also referred to as the "outdoor side surface") was thin, in the case of metal or ceramic materials, a thick wooden gable member was required as a base. However, since such a base is not required, it is possible to simplify the construction work and reduce the construction cost.

It is the schematic of the 1st Example of the rafter which concerns on this invention. In the rafters according to the first embodiment, the protruding portion is equal to the horizontal width of the upper surface of the rafter body. It is the schematic of the 1st Example of the rafter which concerns on this invention, and shows the state which the gable member is arranged adjacent to the outdoor side end face of the rafter main body. It is the schematic of the 2nd Example of the rafter which concerns on this invention. In the rafters according to the second embodiment, the protruding portion is narrower than the horizontal width of the upper surface of the rafter body. It is the schematic of the 2nd Example of the rafter which concerns on this invention, and shows the state which the gable member is arranged adjacent to the outdoor side end face of the rafter main body. A schematic cross section of an embodiment of the eaves structure according to the present invention is shown. A schematic cross section of an embodiment of a conventional eaves structure is shown.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<1. Rafters>
FIG. 1-1 shows a schematic view of the first embodiment of the rafter 1 according to the present invention. The rafter 1 has a rafter main body 12 and a protruding portion 11 extending from the upper end of the outdoor side end surface 121 of the rafter main body 12 and having a length equal to or larger than the thickness of the gable member toward the outdoor side. FIG. 1-2 shows a view in which the gable member 2 is arranged adjacent to the outdoor side end surface 121 of the rafter 1 shown in FIG. 1-1.

Conventionally, after installing the field board, roofing material, and gable member, the rafters are hidden by the gable member, so the position of the rafter cannot be recognized from the outer surface of the gable member, and visual confirmation and tactile confirmation from below the gable member cannot be performed. Alternatively, it was necessary to estimate the position of the rafter end face by hitting the surface of the gable member and confirming it by sound. Since the gable member is fixed to the rafter end face using screws, nails, etc., fixing is difficult unless the position of the rafter end face can be specified. On the other hand, according to the rafter 1 according to the present embodiment, the projecting portion 11 projects from the outer surface of the gable member 2 toward the outdoor side, so that the field board, the roofing material, and the gable member 2 are installed. Even after this, the position of the rafter 1 can be easily recognized from the outer surface side of the gable member 2.

The length of the protruding portion 11 extending toward the outdoor side is not particularly limited as long as the tip of the protruding portion 11 protrudes from the outer surface of the gable member 2. However, from the viewpoint of improving the visibility of the protruding portion 11, the tip of the protruding portion 11 preferably protrudes by 10 mm or more toward the outdoor side from the outer surface of the gable member 2, and protrudes by 20 mm or more. Is more preferable. However, if the protruding length of the protruding portion 11 is too long, it may be easily broken and may interfere with the attachment work of the eaves gutter hanger. Therefore, the tip of the protruding portion 11 preferably protrudes 50 mm or less toward the outdoor side from the outer surface of the gable member 2, and more preferably 30 mm or less.

The length of the protruding portion 11 protruding toward the outdoor side is measured in the thickness direction of the gable member. For example, when the projecting portion 11 extends along the upper surface 122 of the rafter main body 12 as in the present embodiment, the projecting length is measured along the extending direction. Further, even when the protruding portion 11 is not linear and is extended while being curved or bent, the length of the protruding portion 11 protruding toward the outdoor side measures the length in the thickness direction of the gable member. ..

In addition to the case where the projecting portion 11 extends along the upper surface 122 of the rafter main body 12, it is curved or bent, and extends above or below the plane along the upper surface 122 of the rafter main body 12. Or it can be extended in various directions. However, if it is curved or bent, when installing the gable member, a gap may be created between it and the gable board, or in some cases, the curved or bent protrusion 11 may be an obstacle, and a thick gable member may be attached. It may not be possible. On the other hand, if the projecting portion 11 extends along the upper surface 122 of the rafter main body 12, it can be used for general purposes for gable members of various thicknesses. Therefore, it is preferable that the protruding portion 11 extends in a flat plate shape along the upper surface 122 of the rafter main body 12.

As a configuration of the gable member, after fixing a thick wooden gable member as a base to the rafter, a metal or ceramic gable member is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the wooden gable member, that is, a plurality of gable members are attached. May be laminated. Since the configuration of the gable member is determined before the construction, when stacking a plurality of gable members, the length of the protruding portion protruding from the outer surface of the gable member is defined based on the total thickness of the gable members.

There is no particular limitation on the horizontal width of the protrusion 11. For example, as in the first embodiment, the horizontal width of the protrusion 11 can be made equal to the horizontal width of the upper surface 122 of the rafter body 12. Further, FIG. 2-1 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of the rafter 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 2-2 shows a view in which the gable member 2 is arranged adjacent to the outdoor side end surface 121 of the rafter main body 12 shown in FIG. 2-1. The rafter 1 according to the second embodiment has a protruding portion 11 whose width in the horizontal direction is narrower than the width in the horizontal direction of the upper surface 122 of the rafter main body 12. Even in this case, since the tip of the protruding portion 11 protrudes from the outer surface of the gable member 2, the position of the rafter 1 can be grasped from the outer surface side of the gable member 2 even after the gable member 2 is installed. However, if the width of the protrusion 11 in the horizontal direction is too narrow, the mechanical strength of the protrusion 11 will be weakened. Therefore, the width of the protrusion 11 is preferably 40% or more of the width of the upper surface 122 of the rafter body 12 in the horizontal direction. , 60% or more, and even more preferably 80% or more.

Even if the horizontal width of the protrusion 11 is wider than the horizontal width of the upper surface 122 of the rafter main body 12, the position of the rafter end surface 121 can be recognized, but it is meaningful to make this wider than the width of the upper surface 122 of the rafter main body 12. There is a problem that the processing becomes complicated. Further, if the width of the protruding portion 11 in the horizontal direction is extremely wide, there is a problem that it is difficult to recognize the position of the end surface 121 of the rafter main body 12. Therefore, the horizontal width of the protruding portion 11 is preferably equal to or less than the horizontal width of the upper surface 122 of the rafter main body 12. From the viewpoint of confirming the horizontal width of the outdoor side end surface 121 of the rafter main body 12, that is, the horizontal width in which the gable member 2 can be fixed, the horizontal width of the protruding portion 11 is as in the first embodiment. Most preferably, it is equal to the horizontal width of the upper surface 122 of the rafter body 12.

The rafter 1 is generally made of wood, and may be an integral product processed so as to have a protruding portion 11. In this case, it is preferable that the width of the protruding portion 11 in the horizontal direction is the same as the width of the upper surface 122 of the rafter main body 12 from the viewpoint of processing efficiency.

The protrusion 11 may be attached to the rafter body 12 by post-processing. That is, the protruding portion 11 can be provided as a separate product from the rafter main body 12. In this case, the protruding portion 11 may be made of a member made of a different material from the rafter main body 11. The mounting method is not particularly limited, but it can be fixed to the upper surface 122 of the rafter main body 12 or the end face 121 of the rafter with an adhesive, screws, nails or the like. Further, it is also possible to make the base of the protruding portion 11 into a sharp shape and insert and fix it to the upper surface 122 or the end surface 121 of the rafter main body 12.

Since the protruding portion 11 may exist at the longest until the eaves gutter hanger is attached, the material and structure may be such that it can be easily removed within the range in which the purpose can be achieved, and the projecting portion 11 may be durable enough to achieve the purpose. For example, the protrusion 11 can be made of paper, cloth, wood, metal, plastic, or the like.

If the protrusion 11 is thick and protrudes larger than the surface along the upper surface 122 of the rafter body 12, the protrusion 11 becomes an obstacle and becomes an obstacle to the gable member 2 and the upper surface 122 of the rafter body 12. There is a gap between it and the field board installed on the upper side, and there is a problem such as intrusion of rainwater. Further, when the protrusion 11 is thick, the gap between the gable member 2 and the field plate becomes large, which is also a problem. Therefore, it is preferable that the protruding portion 11 is thin. Specifically, the thickness of the protruding portion 11 is preferably 3 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less, and can be, for example, 0.1 to 3 mm. The thickness of the protruding portion 11 is measured in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface 122 of the rafter main body 12.

<2. Eaves structure>
FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross section of an embodiment of the eaves structure according to the present invention. The eaves tip structure penetrates the rafter 1 according to the present invention, the gable member 2 fixed adjacent to the outdoor side end surface 121 of the rafter 1, and the gable member 2, and fixes the gable member 2 inside the rafter 1. It is provided with a fixing member 8 that exhibits the effect of An eaves gutter 6 can be installed at the eaves. In this case, the eaves gutter hanger 5 is fixed to the outer surface of the gutter member 2, and the eaves gutter 6 is supported by the eaves gutter hanger 5.

The rafter 1 according to the present invention is also advantageous when the eaves gutter hanger 5 is fixed to the outer surface of the gable member 2. In order to firmly fix the eaves gutter hanger 5 regardless of the material and thickness of the gutter member 2, the fixing member 7 of the eaves gutter hanger 5 such as a screw or a nail is passed through the gutter member 2 to make a rafter. It is desirable to reach the inside of 1. In this regard, according to the rafter 1 according to the present invention, even if the outdoor side end surface 121 of the rafter 1 is concealed by the gable member 2, the position of the outdoor side end surface 121 of the rafter 1 can be recognized by the protruding portion 11. Therefore, it becomes easy to construct the eaves gutter hanger 5 so that the fixing member 7 penetrates the gutter member 2 and exerts the effect of fixing the eaves gutter hanger 5 inside the rafter 1. Therefore, the degree of freedom in design including the material and thickness of the gable member 2 can be increased, and further, it can contribute to cost reduction.

The fixing member 8 for fixing the gable member 2 and the fixing member 7 for fixing the eaves gutter hanger 5 may be the same, but after fixing the gable member 2 to the rafter 1 in advance, the eaves gutter hanger Since it is easier to carry out the work by fixing 5 to the gutter member 2, it is preferable to fix the gutter member 2 to the rafter 1 first by using the fixing member 8 for fixing the gutter member 2.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross section of an embodiment of the conventional eaves structure. When fixing the eaves gutter hanger 5 to the eaves having the gutter member 2, the fixing member 7 such as a screw or a nail for attaching the eaves gutter hanger 5 is driven into the gutter member 2, and the gutter member 2 It exerts the fixing effect of the fixing member 7 such as a screw or a nail. Therefore, the gable member 2 needs to have a material and a thickness capable of exerting the fixing effect of the fixing member 7 such as a screw.

On the other hand, according to the eaves tip structure according to the present invention shown in FIG. 3, since the position of the outdoor side end surface 121 of the rafter 1 can be known even after the gable member 2 is installed, the screw for attaching the eaves gutter hanger 5 is attached. The fixing member 7 such as the above can be easily attached to the outdoor side end surface 121 of the rafter 1 via the gable member 2. By exerting the fixing effect of the eaves gutter hanging tool 5 on the rafter 1, the eaves gutter hanging tool 5 can exert a sufficient fixing effect even if the gutter member 2 is thin or is made of a material that is easily damaged.

1 ... Rafter 11 ... Protruding part 12 ... Rafter body 121 ... End face 122 ... Top surface 2 ... Gable member 3 ... Field board 4 ... Roofing material 5 ... Eaves Gutter hanger 6 ... Eaves gutter 7 ... Eaves gutter hanger fixing member 8 ... Gable member fixing member

Claims (8)

A rafter that can fix a gable member to the outdoor side end face, and is a protruding portion that extends from the upper end of the rafter body and the outdoor side end face of the rafter body and has a length equal to or greater than the thickness of the gable member toward the outdoor side. And, with rafters. The rafter according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal width of the protruding portion is equal to or less than the horizontal width of the upper surface of the rafter body. The rafter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the horizontal width of the protrusion is equal to the horizontal width of the upper surface of the rafter body. The rafter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the protruding portion is an integral product with the rafter main body. The rafter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the protruding portion is a separate product from the rafter main body. The rafter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the protruding portion extends along the upper surface of the rafter body. The effect of penetrating the rafter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the gable member fixed adjacent to the outdoor end surface of the rafter, and fixing the gable member inside the rafter is exhibited. The eaves structure with the first fixing member. It is further provided with an eaves gutter hanger fixed to the outer surface of the gable member and a second fixing member that penetrates the gutter member and has the effect of fixing the eaves gutter hanger inside the rafters. The eaves structure according to claim 7.

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