JP6927656B1 - Forklift with ram - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a forklift including a ram, which allows a user to appropriately pull out a ram from a coil even if he / she is not an expert. SOLUTION: A forklift F includes an inclination sensor 10 for detecting whether or not the ram 5 is horizontal, a load sensor 12 for detecting whether or not the ram 5 is loaded with a coil, a lower surface of the ram 5 and an inner surface of the coil. It is provided with a distance sensor 14a for detecting the distance to and from, and a descent stop portion. When the ram 5 is horizontal and the coil is not loaded during cargo handling work, and the distance between the lower surface of the ram 5 and the inner surface of the coil is shorter than a predetermined distance, the lowering stop portion is provided by the elevating portion 7. Stop the descent of Ram 5. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to a forklift equipped with a ram.

Traditionally, forklifts with rams have been used to transport metal coils. For example, the forklift of Patent Document 1 uses a vehicle body, a mast provided at the front portion of the vehicle body and extending in the vertical direction, a lift bracket connected to the mast so as to be lifted and lowered via a lifting mechanism, and a lift bracket as the mast. It includes a lift cylinder that moves up and down along the lift, a backrest that is connected to the lift bracket, a ram that is connected to the backrest, and a tilting portion that tilts the mast.

In the forklift, when transporting the coil, the lift bracket is first moved along the mast by the elevating part, and then the vehicle body is advanced to insert the ram into the hole of the coil. Next, the tilting portion tilts the upper part of the mast toward the vehicle body to transport the ram. Further, when lowering the coil to the ground, the forklift first makes the ram horizontal to the ground by making the mast perpendicular to the ground by the tilting portion. Next, the lift bracket is lowered by the elevating part to lower the coil to the ground, the vehicle body is retracted, and the ram is pulled out from the coil.

By the way, when the ram is pulled out from the coil, if the ram is brought into contact with the inside of the coil, the coil is damaged and cannot be used as a commercial product. However, in order to pull out the ram without touching the inside of the coil, skillful technique is required. However, due to the recent labor shortage, the technology has not been sufficiently handed down, and there is a problem that the coil is damaged by the ram.

Tomi 3177761

Therefore, an object to be solved by the present invention is to provide a forklift equipped with a ram, which allows a user to appropriately pull out a ram from a coil even if he / she is not an expert.

In order to solve the above problems, a forklift equipped with a ram according to the present invention may be used.
A forklift that carries a coil with an elevating part that raises and lowers the ram.
A horizontal sensor that detects whether the ram is horizontal,
A ram loading sensor that detects whether the ram is loaded with a coil,
A distance sensor that detects the distance between the inner surface of the coil and the lower surface of the ram,
When the ram is horizontal, the coil is not loaded, and the distance between the inner surface of the coil and the lower surface of the ram is shorter than a predetermined distance, the lowering stop portion that stops the lowering of the ram by the elevating part. It is characterized by being prepared.

The forklift is preferably
A plurality of distance sensors are provided around the ram at intervals to detect the distance between the inner surface of the coil and the lower surface of the ram.

The forklift is preferably
A plurality of distance sensors are provided on the left and right sides below the center of the ram in the vertical direction.

The forklift is, for example,
A distance sensor is embedded around the ram.

The forklift is, for example,
The lamb has a sensor support that is thinner than the lamb and extends forward from the tip of the lamb.
A distance sensor is provided around the sensor support.

The forklift is, for example,
The ram load sensor is composed of a load sensor that detects whether or not the ram is loaded with a coil by detecting the load applied to the ram.

The forklift is preferably
When the ram is horizontal, the coil is not loaded, and the position of the ram inside the coil is shifted to the left or right by a predetermined amount or more, the rear movement restraint part that restrains the rearward movement of the forklift is provided. Further prepare.

The forklift is preferably
A ram shift unit that shifts the ram in the left-right direction and a ram shift control unit that controls the operation of the ram shift unit are further provided.
When the ram shift control unit is horizontal and the coil is not loaded, and the position of the ram inside the coil is shifted to the left or right by a predetermined value or more, the center of the ram in the left-right direction is the left and right of the coil. Shift the ram so that it overlaps the center of the direction.

The forklift is preferably
A plurality of distance sensors are provided along the length direction of the ram.

The forklift equipped with the ram of the present invention can properly pull the ram out of the coil even if the user is not an expert.

An entire forklift with a ram according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically, where A is a side view and B is a front view. It is a functional block diagram of the control part of the forklift of FIG. The periphery of the ram in FIG. 1 is shown schematically, where A is a side view and B is a front view. It is a schematic front view which shows the positional relationship between the ram and the coil of FIG. It is a side view which shows the operation of the forklift of FIG. Another side view schematically showing the operation of the forklift of FIG. 1 during coil transportation, where A indicates when the coil is grounded and B indicates when the ram is pulled out. It is a schematic front view which shows another positional relationship between a ram and a coil, where A shows when the ram touches down and B shows when the ram is pulled out. A modification of the contact sensor arrangement is schematically shown, where A is a side view and B is a front view. Another modification of the contact sensor arrangement is schematically shown, where A is a side view and B is a front view.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a forklift equipped with a ram according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The front-back direction and the left-right direction in the present invention are based on the double-headed arrows X and Y in the attached drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the forklift F according to the present embodiment includes a vehicle body 1, wheels 2 provided on the front and rear left and right sides of the vehicle body 1, and left and right provided so as to be tiltable in the front-rear direction in front of the vehicle body 1. It includes a pair of masts 3, a carriage 4 provided on the mast 3 so as to be able to move up and down, and an attachment 6 having a ram 5 and connected to a fork bar 40 extending in the left-right direction of the carriage 4.

The forklift F further includes an elevating portion 7, a tilting portion 8, and a ram shift portion 9.

The elevating part 7 is composed of an elevating hydraulic cylinder, and elevates and elevates the carriage 4 along the mast 3.

The tilting portion 8 is composed of a tilting hydraulic cylinder, and tilts the mast 3 in the front-rear direction.

The Lamb shift portion 9 is composed of a shift hydraulic cylinder, and shifts the attachment 6 along the fork bar 40.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the forklift F further includes an inclination sensor 10, a load sensor 12, a distance sensor 14, a control unit 16, and a brake 18. As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 16 includes a ram shift control unit 160, a rear movement restraint unit 162, and a descent restraint unit 164.

The tilt sensor 10 is provided on the mast 3 and measures the tilt angle of the mast 3 from the vertical direction. That is, the inclination sensor 10 is configured to be able to measure the inclination angle of the mast 3 with respect to the road surface even when the forklift F is arranged on the slope road surface. The tilt sensor 10 corresponds to the "horizontal sensor" of the present invention, and detects whether or not the ram 5 is horizontal based on the tilt angle of the mast 3. The tilt sensor 10 outputs the detection result to the control unit 16. The tilt sensor 10 may be composed of, for example, a potentiometer, a proximity switch, a limit switch or an encoder.

The load sensor 12 is provided in a pipe (not shown) connecting the elevating hydraulic cylinder and the oil pump (not shown), and detects the load of the load loaded on the forklift F based on the hydraulic pressure in the pipe. The load sensor 12 detects whether or not the coil C is loaded on the ram 5 based on the detected load, and outputs the detection result to the control unit 16.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, in the present embodiment, the distance sensor 14 is composed of two distance sensors 14a and 14b, and is arranged on the left and right surfaces below the center in the vertical direction of the ram 5. The distance sensors 14a and 14b detect whether or not the distances D1 and D2 (see FIG. 7) from the surface of the ram 5 to the inner surface of the coil C are equal to or less than the predetermined distance RD1. Is output. The distance sensors 14a and 14b are, for example, proximity sensors, but are merely examples and are not limited thereto. Further, the distance sensors 14a and 14b are preferably provided inside the left and right tangents L1 and L2 of the ram 5, as shown in FIG. 3B. This makes it possible to prevent the distance sensors 14a and 14b from coming into contact with the inner surface of the coil C.

The lowering stop portion 164 has an elevating control valve (not shown). The elevating control valve switches the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to the elevating hydraulic cylinder based on the detected lift operation. The elevating control valve may be, for example, a solenoid valve.

The lowering stop portion 164 receives the detection results of the inclination sensor 10, the load sensor 12, and the distance sensors 14a and 14b. When the ram 5 is horizontal, the coil C is not loaded, and the distances D1 and D2 detected by the distance sensors 14a and 14b are equal to or less than the predetermined distance RD1 during the cargo handling work, the lowering stop portion 164 is provided. , The discharge of hydraulic oil from the elevating hydraulic cylinder is stopped, and the descent of the ram 5 is stopped. As a result, the lowering restraint portion 164 prevents the ram 5 from coming into contact with the coil C. The predetermined distance D1 is set based on the operating distance of the carriage 4 from the start of the elevating portion 7 starting to stop the descent of the carriage 4 to the actual stop of the descent of the carriage 4.

The Lamb shift unit 9 has a shift control valve (not shown). The shift control valve switches the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to the shift hydraulic cylinder based on the shift operation detected by the shift operation detection unit. The shift control valve may be, for example, a solenoid valve.

The Lamb shift control unit 160 receives the detection results of the tilt sensor 10, the load sensor 12, and the distance sensors 14a and 14b. In the ram shift control unit 160, the ram 5 is horizontal and the coil C is not loaded during cargo handling work, and any of the distances D1 and D2 detected by the left and right distance sensors 14a and 14b is a predetermined distance. When it is RD2 or less, the ram shift portion 9 shifts the ram 5 so that the center of the ram 5 in the left-right direction overlaps the center of the coil C in the left-right direction.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the lamb shift control unit 160 rolls to the left or right even when the coil C is grounded by an inclination of the ground due to inboard work or an improper coil fixing sleeper, for example. By shifting the ram 5 in the left-right direction, it is possible to prevent the ram 5 from coming into contact with the coil C when it is pulled out from the coil C.

The rear movement restraint unit 162 is electrically connected to a drive unit (not shown) for driving the wheel 2 and / or a brake 18 for stopping the drive of the wheel 2 to control the drive unit and / or the brake 18. In this embodiment, the rear movement restraint portion 162 is electrically connected to the brake 18. The rear movement restraining unit 162 receives the detection results of the tilt sensor 10, the load sensor 12, and the distance sensors 14a and 14b. In the rear movement restraint portion 162, when the ram 5 is horizontal and the coil C is not loaded during the cargo handling work, and the position of the ram 5 inside the coil C is shifted to the left or right by a predetermined value or more. , Stop the reverse movement of the forklift F. The case where the position of the ram 5 is shifted by a predetermined value or more may be, for example, a case where any one of the distances D1 and D2 detected by the distance sensors 14a and 14b is the distance RD2 or less. In this case, when either the distance D1 or the distance D2 is less than or equal to the distance RD2, the rear movement restraining unit 162 stops the reverse movement of the forklift F until the ram 5 is shifted to the center of the coil C by the ram shift control unit 160. May be good.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 5 to 6, the operation of the forklift F loading and unloading the coil C will be specifically described.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the forklift F inserts the ram 5 into the hole CH of the coil C, raises the carriage 4 by the elevating portion 7, lifts the coil C, and tilts the mast 3 by the tilting portion 8. In this way, the forklift F carries the coil C in a state where the coil C does not fall out of the ram 5.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the forklift F arrives at the position where the coil C is grounded, the tilting portion 8 makes the mast 3 vertical and makes the ram 5 horizontal to the ground. At this time, the inclination sensor 10 detects that the ram 5 is horizontal and outputs the detection result to the control unit 16.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 7A, the forklift F lowers the carriage 4 by the elevating portion 7 to ground the coil C.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 6B and 7B, the forklift F lowers the carriage 4 by the elevating portion 7 to separate the ram 5 from the coil C. At this time, the load sensor 12 detects that the ram 5 is not loaded with the coil C and outputs the detection result to the control unit 16. Further, at this time, the distance sensors 14a and 14b detect and control whether or not the distances D1 and D2 from the surface of the ram 5 to the inner surface of the coil C are a predetermined distance RD1 or less and a predetermined distance RD2 or less. The detection result is output to the unit 16.

When the ram 5 is horizontal, the coil C is not loaded, and the distances D1 and D2 detected by the distance sensors 14a and 14b are equal to or less than the predetermined distance RD1, the lowering stop portion 164 is a lifting hydraulic cylinder. The discharge of hydraulic oil from the ram 5 is stopped and the descent of the ram 5 is stopped. Based on the detection results of the tilt sensor 10, the load sensor 12, and the distance sensors 14a and 14b, the ram shift control unit 160 sets the ram 5 so that the center of the ram 5 in the left-right direction overlaps the center of the coil C in the left-right direction by the ram shift unit 9. Shift. Further, the rear movement restraining unit 162 stops the forklift F from moving backward based on the detection results of the tilt sensor 10, the load sensor 12, and the distance sensors 14a and 14b.

As described above, the forklift F according to the present embodiment stops the descent and reverse movement of the ram 5 and shifts the ram 5 based on the detection results of the tilt sensor 10, the load sensor 12, and the distance sensors 14a and 14b. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the ram 5 from being lowered to come into contact with the inner surface of the coil C and the vehicle body 1 from being moved backward to bring the ram 5 into contact with the inner surface of the coil C. Therefore, in the forklift F, the ram 5 can be appropriately pulled out from the coil C even if the user is not an expert.

Although the forklift F according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the forklift provided with the ram according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The forklift F may be implemented by, for example, the following modification.

(1) The distance sensor 14 may be embedded in the ram 5 so as not to protrude from the surface of the ram 5, for example, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B. As a result, the distance sensor 14 is prevented from coming into contact with the coil C.

(2) The distance sensor 14 is composed of the upper, lower, left, and right distance sensors 14, and may be buried in the upper, lower, left, and right sides around the ram 5 as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B. Further, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the forklift F further includes a sensor support portion 20 provided at the tip of the ram 5 and extending forward, and the distance sensor 14 is provided by four distance sensors 14 in the vertical and horizontal directions. In addition to being configured, it may be provided on the sensor support portion 20.

When the distance sensor 14 is composed of the upper, lower, left and right distance sensors 14, the lower distance sensor 14 has a distance D4 between the lower surface of the ram 5 and the inner surface of the coil C of a predetermined distance RD3 or less. The presence or absence is detected, the detection result is output to the control unit 16, and the lowering stop unit 164 has the ram 5 horizontal and the coil C not loaded during the cargo handling work, and the distance D4 is predetermined. When the distance is RD3 or less, the discharge of hydraulic oil from the elevating hydraulic cylinder is stopped and the descent of the ram 5 is stopped.

Further, in this case, the left and right distance sensors 14 detect whether or not the distances D5 and D6 between the left and right surfaces of the ram 5 and the inner surface of the coil C are predetermined distances RD4, and the control unit 16 determines. Output the detection result. Then, when the ram 5 is horizontal and the coil C is not loaded and the distances D5 and D6 are equal to or less than the predetermined distance RD4 during the cargo handling operation, the ram shift control unit 160 has the ram shift unit 9 The ram 5 is shifted so that the center of the ram 5 in the left-right direction overlaps the center of the coil C in the left-right direction. Further, when the ram 5 is horizontal and the coil C is not loaded and the distances D5 and D6 are equal to or less than the predetermined distance RD4, the forklift F Stop the backward movement.

(3) The ram loading sensor according to the present invention may be configured by the upper distance sensor 14 shown in FIG. 8 or 9. In this case, the ram loading sensor detects the distance D3 between the upper surface of the ram 5 and the inner surface of the coil C, and detects whether or not the ram 5 is loaded with the coil C based on the detected distance D3.

(4) The horizontal sensor according to the present invention may be provided on the ram 5. In this case, the horizontal sensor may be configured by, for example, a known gravitational acceleration tilt sensor.

(5) A plurality of distance sensors 14 may be provided along the length direction of the ram 5. For example, when the coil C grounded on the ground rolls and the left-right positional relationship between the coil C and the ram 5 is no longer parallel, if the distance sensor 14 is arranged only in the front, the lower surface of the ram 5 and the coil C The distance to the inner surface of the coil may not be detected properly. Therefore, a plurality of distance sensors 14 are provided in the length direction of the ram 5, and the plurality of distance sensors 14 detect and control whether or not the distance between the lower surface of the ram 5 and the inner surface of the coil C is a predetermined distance RD1 or less. The detection result is output to the unit 16.

F Forklift C Coil CH Coil hole 1 Body 2 Wheel 3 Mast 4 Carriage 40 Fork bar 5 Ram 6 Attachment 7 Lifting part 8 Tilt part 9 Lamb shift part 10 Tilt sensor (horizontal sensor)
12 Load sensor (ram load sensor)
14 Distance sensor 16 Control unit 160 Lamb shift control unit 162 Rear movement restraint unit 164 Downward restraint unit 18 Brake 20 Sensor support unit

Claims (9)

A forklift that includes a ram and an elevating part that raises and lowers the ram, and carries a coil.
A horizontal sensor that detects whether the ram is horizontal and
A ram loading sensor that detects whether or not the ram is loaded with the coil,
A distance sensor that detects the distance between the inner surface of the coil and the lower surface of the lamb,
When the ram is horizontal, the coil is not loaded, and the distance between the inner surface of the coil and the lower surface of the ram is shorter than a predetermined distance, the lowering of the ram by the elevating portion is stopped. A forklift characterized by having a descent restraint. The forklift according to claim 1, wherein the distance sensor is composed of a plurality of the forklifts, each of which is provided around the ram at intervals and detects the distance between the inner surface of the coil and the lower surface of the ram. .. The forklift according to claim 1, wherein the distance sensor is composed of a plurality of distance sensors and is provided on each of the left and right sides below the center of the ram in the vertical direction. The forklift according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distance sensor is embedded around the ram. The ram has a sensor support that is thinner than the ram and extends forward from the tip of the ram.
The forklift according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the distance sensor is provided around the sensor support portion. The ram loading sensor is composed of a load sensor that detects whether or not the ram is loaded with the coil by detecting the load applied to the ram. The forklift according to any one of 5. When the ram is horizontal and the coil is not loaded, and the position of the ram inside the coil is shifted to the left or right by a predetermined value or more, the rearward movement of the forklift is stopped. The forklift according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a rear movement restraint portion. A ram shift unit that shifts the ram in the left-right direction and a ram shift control unit that controls the operation of the ram shift unit are further provided.
When the ram is horizontal and the coil is not loaded, and the position of the ram inside the coil is shifted to the left or right by a predetermined value or more, the ram shift control unit is left and right of the ram. The forklift according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the ram is shifted so that the center of the direction overlaps the center of the coil in the left-right direction. The forklift according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the distance sensor is a plurality and each is provided along the length direction of the ram.

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