JP6810323B2 - Tencha drying furnace - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing tencha, which is a raw material for matcha.

Tencha is made by steaming fresh tea leaves cultivated under a cover and then drying them without kneading, which is a raw material for matcha. The shape is thin as the leaves unfold and are transparent, the color is bright green, and the flavor has a unique fire pot scent.

The conventional production of Tencha is steaming 71 → tea-spraying cooling 72 → drying 73 → separation of leaves and stems → finish drying. It is also characteristic that drying is done in a furnace, and a unique scent is added by this drying furnace. The drying furnace for drying is a large size having a length of about 10 to 15 meters, a width of about 2 meters, and a height of about 2 to 4 meters (see FIG. 6). Further, since the combustion unit 74 is provided underground, a pit 75 (dent) having a length of about 10 to 15 meters, a width of about 2 meters, and a depth of about 1 meter is provided.

Since the above-mentioned drying furnace has a high temperature of more than 200 degrees, the side wall is formed of heat-resistant and heat-retaining bricks. Therefore, in the production of the drying furnace, parts (including bricks) are transported to the tea factory (site) where the drying furnace is installed, and the parts are assembled and the bricks on the side walls are piled up at the tea factory.

The above-mentioned drying furnace is provided with a combustion part underground, and the combustion air of the combustion part is passed through the drying furnace by a flue. The flue is arranged so as to gradually move upward from the underground combustion part, and the tea leaves are put into the bottom stage, and the tea leaves dried at the bottom stage are blown up to the top stage to be further dried.

The applicant has devised a drying device for tencha as in Patent Document 1. This tencha drying device was dried by blowing air.

Jikkenhei 4-80382 Gazette

In the conventional drying furnace, the combustion part is at the bottom and the pit is required because it is underground, but digging the pit was a large-scale work. In addition, since the side walls are bricks, there was a lot of work in the tea factory to stack the bricks. Since the equipment is large, the construction time is longer and a worker (craftsman) requiring a special technique is required.

Patent Document 1 is drying by blowing air, which is good for finish drying, but has a problem that the drying condition of tea leaves and the color and aroma of tea products are different from those of a conventional drying furnace.

An object of the present invention is to provide a tencha drying furnace suitable for drying tencha, and it is possible to install a finished product without stacking bricks for a long time in a tea factory and performing assembly work, which is unique. The challenge is to provide equipment for producing tencha with the scent of a fire pot.

The first means of the present invention is
A radiant heat drying part that dries tea leaves only by radiant heat,
A tencha drying furnace characterized by being composed of a hot air drying section that dries tea leaves with hot air.
The second means of the present invention is the first means.
The hot air drying part is arranged on the radiant heat drying part.
The third means of the present invention is the first or second means.
The hot air drying part
Hot air supply means and
Breathable endless transporter and
Hot air exhaust means and
It is composed of a drying chamber that surrounds them.
The fourth means of the present invention is the first, second or third means.
The radiant heat drying part
Combustion part that generates combustion air and
A flue that introduces the combustion air generated in the combustion part,
Breathable endless transporter and
It is composed of a drying chamber that surrounds them.
The fifth means of the present invention is the fourth means .
The combustion air in the flue of the radiant heat drying section is used as hot air to be supplied to the hot air drying section.
The sixth means of the present invention is the fourth or fifth means .
A flue gas adjusting chamber is provided between the radiant heat drying section and the hot air drying section to introduce combustion air in the flue of the radiant heat drying section and supply hot air to the hot air drying section.

In the past, assembly work was done at a tea factory, and it took time to work at the tea factory, but with the Tencha drying furnace of the present invention, it can be moved, and only installation and adjustment work is required at the site, shortening the work time. Will be done. By arranging it above the floor surface, maintenance and operability are good. According to the present invention, it is possible to save space in the equipment required for the drying processing capacity. In addition, heat can be effectively used, energy is saved, and drying can be performed efficiently. The tea products produced have a strong, good fire pot aroma.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the Tencha drying furnace of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partial front sectional view showing an example of the Tencha drying furnace of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the flow of tea leaves in the Tencha drying furnace of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a part of the flow of tea leaves in the Tencha drying furnace of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the flow of combustion air in the Tencha drying furnace of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a partial side sectional view showing an example of the Tencha drying furnace of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the production of conventional Tencha.

The Tencha drying furnace is divided into a lower radiant heat drying section 1 and an upper hot air drying section 3. The radiant heat drying unit 1 is further divided into a first drying chamber 11 and a second drying chamber 21, and the first drying chamber 11 is in the upper stage and the second drying chamber 21 is in the lower stage, and the temperature of each drying chamber is controlled. It is separated by a partition plate 2 for adjustment. The number of drying chambers is not limited to this, and if it increases, it is preferable to increase it in the lower row.

A tea leaf feeding section 4 is provided for supplying tea leaves to the first drying chamber 11. The tea leaf feeding unit 4 includes a hopper 42 for receiving the tea leaf T, a blower fan 41 for blowing the tea leaves in the hopper 42, and a tea leaf tea room 43. The tea-spraying room 43 has a side wall (wire mesh 44 in this embodiment) having good ventilation so that the air blown from the blower fan 41 can escape.

The first drying chamber 11 is provided with two stages of breathable endless transporters in the upper and lower stages, and the tea leaves are divided into these two stages of endless transporters by the tea leaf feeding unit 4 and transported (this embodiment). Then there are two stages, but it may be one stage or three or more stages). In this embodiment, net conveyors 12 and 13 are used as the endless transporter. When the tea leaves are transported in two stages, the total length of the net conveyors 12 and 13 may be half the normal length, which is about 6 m in this embodiment, the total length of the first drying chamber is about 5 m, and the width is about 2 m. Rotating brushes 12A and 13A are provided at the lower end of the net conveyors 12 and 13 so as to be in contact with the net conveyors 12 and 13. The first drying chamber 11 is provided with a combustion unit 16 provided with a burner, and the flues 14 and 15 are filled with combustion air. As for the burner used for the combustion unit 16, the gas burner is easier to adjust the combustion and the exhaust than the heavy oil burner. In this embodiment, two burners are provided in parallel in the width direction, but the number of gas burners is not limited to this. Four to six flues 14 are provided horizontally from the combustion unit 16, and two flues 14 and 15 are provided above and below in order to sufficiently heat the air in the first drying unit chamber 11 by radiant heat. If the first drying chamber 11 is heated evenly and sufficiently, the number of flues 14 and 15 is not limited to this. The direct combustion air from the combustion unit 16 passes through the flue 14, and the combustion air at the end of the flue 14 is guided to the flue 15 through the flue 51 arranged outside the machine. A part of the combustion air at the end of the flue 14 is guided to the flue 24 of the second drying chamber 21 through the flue 52 arranged outside the machine. A thermometer 18 is provided to monitor the temperature inside the first drying chamber 11. The tea leaves at the ends of the net conveyors 12 and 13 of the first drying chamber 11 naturally fall onto the net conveyor 22 of the second drying chamber 21.

The second drying chamber 21 is provided with one stage of a breathable endless transporter and six flues 24 in the horizontal direction. Again, in this embodiment, the net conveyor 22 is used as the endless transporter. The net conveyor 22 goes against the net conveyors 12 and 13 of the first drying chamber 11. The rotating brush 22A is provided so as to be in contact with the lower end of the net conveyor 22. The flue 24 in the second drying chamber 21 is connected to the flue 14 of the first drying chamber 11 by a flue 52 arranged outside the machine, and combustion passes through the flue 14 of the first drying chamber 11. The air is guided to the flue 24 of the second drying chamber 22. Adjustment dampers 54 are appropriately arranged in the flues 52 and 53 arranged outside the machine in order to adjust the amount of combustion air introduced. In this embodiment, the flues 52 and 53 are provided, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the flues 51 may be provided. By adjusting the amount of combustion air introduced, the temperature of the second drying chamber 22 is adjusted. A thermometer 23 is provided to monitor the temperature inside the second drying chamber 21. A trough conveyor 25 for taking out is provided at the end of the net conveyor 22 of the second drying chamber 21, a hopper 26 is provided at the end of the trough conveyor 25, and tea leaves in the hopper 26 are transferred to a chute 29 at the upper part of the hot air drying furnace 3. A blower fan 27 and a blower pipe 28 for feeding are provided. The transport of this portion may be carried out by another transport device.

The combustion air generated by the combustion unit 16 is passed through the flues 14, 15 and 24 arranged above and below the net conveyors 12, 13 and 22. This is effective in maintaining the temperature inside the machine, and the heat generated from the flues 14, 15 and 24 can be radiated to the tea leaves on the net conveyors 12, 13 and 22.

A paint capable of emitting far infrared rays is applied to the surfaces of the flues 14, 15 and 24 or the inside of the side walls of the first drying chamber 11 and the second drying chamber 21. Then, the paint performs reasonable and efficient drying by the effect of far infrared rays, and the tea leaves can be dried without losing color or flavor.

There is no partition plate 2 in the portion where the tea leaves naturally fall from the net conveyors 12 and 13 of the first drying chamber 11 to the net conveyor 22 of the second drying chamber 21, and the first drying chamber 11 and the second drying chamber 21 are connected. , The moist air that forms the wind tunnel 17 and evaporates from the tea leaves rises and is discharged by the upper exhaust fan 38. (In FIG. 5, the dashed arrow indicates the movement of moist air evaporating from the tea leaves)

The hot air drying unit 3 is provided with a stirrer 35 for thinly spreading the tea leaves emitted from the chute 29, and is provided with four stages of breathable endless transporters 32A, 32B, 33A, 33B in the hot air drying chamber 31. There is. The number of stages of the endless transporter is not limited to this. The combustion air that has passed through the first drying chamber 11 or the second drying chamber 21 is guided from the flue 53 outside the machine to the smoke exhaust adjusting chamber 36 between the hot air drying unit 3 and the combustion air in the smoke exhaust adjusting chamber 36. It is introduced into the hot air drying chamber 31 from below by the supply fan 37. The smoke exhaust control chamber 36 may be located between the first drying chamber 11 and the hot air drying chamber 31 on the upper surface of the first drying chamber 11 and the lower surface of the hot air drying chamber 31, and may cover the entire area of the first drying chamber 11. As a result, the first drying chamber 11 is warmed from the upper surface, and the hot air drying chamber 31 is warmed from the lower surface. In order to adjust the temperature of the hot air introduced into the hot air drying chamber 31, an outside air introduction port (not shown) may be provided in the exhaust heat adjusting chamber 36, and the outside air may be introduced as needed. By introducing the combustion air into the exhaust heat adjusting chamber 36 once, stable hot air can be introduced into the hot air drying chamber 31. An exhaust fan 38 for exhausting the hot air used for drying is provided above the hot air drying chamber 31. The outputs of the supply fan 37 and the exhaust fan 38 are adjusted by an inverter (not shown). As a result, the temperature inside the machine can be adjusted. A screw conveyor 29 for taking out tea leaves is provided at the end of the endless transporter 33B.

Inverters (not shown) are provided in each of the endless transporters 12, 13, 22, 32A, 32B, 33A, and 33B, and adjustments are made so that the respective speeds and processing times can be obtained.

Next, the movement of starting the Tencha drying furnace and adding tea leaves will be described. The steamed and cooled tea leaves T are transported to the hopper 42 of the tea-spreading leaf feeding section 4. The tea leaves T that have entered the hopper 42 are blown into the tea-spraying chamber 43 by the blower of the blower fan 41, and when they fall, they are placed on the upper net conveyor 12 or the lower net conveyor 13. On the net conveyors 12 and 13, it is dried by radiant heat from the flues 14 and 15, convected heat, far infrared rays emitted from the paint, and the like. At this time, the temperature of the first drying chamber 11 is about 120 to 200 degrees. The tea leaves dried on the net conveyors 12 and 13 of the first drying chamber 11 naturally fall onto the net conveyor 22 of the second drying chamber 21. When the tea leaves fall, the top and bottom of the tea leaves, the position with the adjacent tea leaves, and the contact with the net conveyor change.

Similarly to the first drying chamber 11, the net conveyor 22 of the second drying chamber 21 is also dried by radiant heat from the flue 24, far infrared rays radiated from the paint, and the like. At this time, the temperature of the second drying chamber 21 is about 80 to 130 degrees. When it is desired to raise this temperature, the adjustment damper 54 is opened, and when it is desired to lower this temperature, the adjustment damper 54 is closed. The tea leaves dried on the net conveyor 22 are taken out on the trough conveyor 25 and collected in the hopper 26. The tea leaves in the hopper 26 are blown by the blower fan 27, pass through the blower pipe 28, and the tea leaves are thrown into the leaf feeding portion 34 by the chute 29.

The tea leaves in the leaf feeding portion 34 are thinly flattened by a stirrer 35 and placed on the endless transporter 32A. The hot air in the smoke exhaust adjusting chamber 36 is taken into the hot air drying chamber 31 by the supply fan 37, and dried by the hot air. The temperature of the hot air drying chamber 31 at this time is about 80 to 90 degrees, and this temperature can be changed by the rotation speed of the supply fan 37. The moist air that evaporates from the tea leaves rises and is exhausted by the upper exhaust fan 38. The tea leaves dried in the hot air drying chamber 31 are discharged to the screw conveyor 39, and are conveyed to the next machine (or transfer device) by the screw conveyor 39.

With the above flow, the net conveyors 12 and 13 are about 1 minute to about 2 minutes and 30 seconds, the net conveyor 22 is about 2 minutes and 30 seconds to about 5 minutes, and the endless transporters 32A, 32B, 33A and 33B are about. The tea leaves can be satisfactorily dried in about 10 to about 40 minutes.

In this embodiment, since the first drying chamber 11 has two net conveyors 12 and 13, the amount of tea leaves is increased on the net conveyors 12 and 13, respectively, as compared with the case where one net conveyor is used. Can be halved. Therefore, the transfer speed of the net conveyors 12 and 13 can be reduced to about twice, and the time for drying the tea leaves on the net conveyors 12 and 13 is almost the same as in the case of one net conveyor. The same applies even if the number of net conveyors in the first drying chamber 11 is three or more.

T tea leaves 1 radiant heat drying part 2 partition plate 3 hot air drying part 4 tea leaf feeding part 11 1st drying room 12 net conveyor 12A rotating brush 13 net conveyor 13A rotating brush 14 flue 15 flue 16 combustion part 17 wind tunnel 18 thermometer 21 Second drying chamber 22 Net conveyor 22A Rotating brush 23 Thermometer 24 Flue 25 Traf conveyor 26 Hopper 27 Blower fan 28 Blower pipe 29 Chute 31 Hot air drying chamber 32A Endless transporter 32B Endless transporter 33A Endless transporter 33B Endless transport Body 34 Leaf feeder 35 Scraper 36 Smoke exhaust control room 37 Supply fan 38 Exhaust fan 39 Screw conveyor 40 Thermometer 41 Blower fan 42 Hopper 43 Tea brewing room 44 Wire mesh 51 Flue 52 Flue 53 Flue 54 Flue damper 71 Steam heat 72 Damper cooling 73 Drying 74 Flue 75 Pit 76 Fukiage

Claims (6)

A radiant heat drying part that dries tea leaves only by radiant heat,
A tencha drying furnace characterized by being composed of a hot air drying section that dries tea leaves with hot air. The Tencha drying furnace according to claim 1, wherein the hot air drying portion is arranged on the radiant heat drying portion. The hot air drying part
Hot air supply means and
Breathable endless transporter and
Hot air exhaust means and
The Tencha drying furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tencha drying furnace is composed of a drying chamber that surrounds them . The radiant heat drying part
Combustion part that generates combustion air and
A flue that introduces the combustion air generated in the combustion part,
Breathable endless transporter and
The Tencha drying furnace according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a drying chamber surrounding them . The tencha drying furnace according to claim 4 , wherein the combustion air in the flue of the radiant heat drying section is used as hot air to supply the hot air drying section. The claim is characterized in that a smoke exhaust adjusting chamber for introducing combustion air in the flue of the radiant heat drying section and supplying hot air to the hot air drying section is provided between the radiant heat drying section and the hot air drying section. The tencha drying furnace according to 4 or 5 .

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