JP6625181B2 - Management device and control method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a management device and a control method that can effectively use power during a limited period in which power output from a power generation facility is limited.

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, home systems (for example, HEMS: Home Energy Management System) in which power generation equipment typified by photovoltaic power generation is introduced have been widely used. In this home system, the power of ordinary households can be managed appropriately.

  In addition, power storage facilities such as electric vehicles and stationary storage batteries are often introduced in home systems. As a prior art of a home system in which these power generation facilities and power storage facilities are introduced, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a power storage type power generation system capable of storing power from a power generation facility or a commercial power system (commercial power supply). A system invention is disclosed. Patent Document 2 discloses an invention of a load control device that operates a load device by using surplus power of a power generation device.

Japanese Patent No. 5738212 JP 2013-110951 A

  By the way, the demand and supply balance of the commercial power system may be disrupted due to the reverse power flow in which power is supplied from the customer into which the power generation equipment is introduced to the commercial power system. For example, on a sunny day, demand decreases significantly and supply increases with an increase in power generation.

  Therefore, in order to maintain the supply-demand balance of the commercial power system, a system has been developed for an electric power company to instruct a customer in advance to designate (restrict) reverse power flow by designating a time. For example, in 2014, the Japan Agency for Natural Resources and Energy published an output control rule for solar power generation. This output control rule regulates the amount of power generated by the power generation equipment to suppress the sale of power to the commercial power system.

  As an example of a specific operation, when the electric power company plans a restriction period (time zone) in which the output from the power generation facility should be restricted, it creates restriction information including the restriction contents (output upper limit) in the restriction period. The electric utility provides the generated restriction information to the power generation facility via the network. Then, the power generation facility suppresses the power generation amount according to the provided restriction information when the restriction period comes, so that the output upper limit is not exceeded.

  However, in the invention described in Patent Literature 1, the reverse power flow is not reduced in accordance with the instruction for suppressing the reverse power flow as described above, but the system voltage increases due to the actual reverse power flow, and the threshold voltage is reduced. When it has reached, it switches to charging operation. That is, in the invention described in Patent Literature 1, since the provision of the restriction information is not considered at all, the power cannot be suppressed as it is even if the restriction period comes. As a result, in the invention described in Patent Literature 1, power cannot be effectively used during the limited period.

  On the other hand, the invention described in Patent Literature 2 also mentions a case where power generation is regulated by a request from a power company. Nevertheless, since there is no specific description, it is unclear whether power can be effectively used in the limited period. Further, in the first place, in the invention described in Patent Document 2, surplus power is obtained on the assumption that power actually generated by the solar cell (actual value of generated power) can be obtained. Absent. In other words, general equipment does not acquire the power actually generated by the solar cells in order to reduce costs. Therefore, it is difficult to grasp the surplus power (how much the power conditioner suppresses the power output). That is, in a general facility, electric power could not be effectively used during the limited period.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and a management device and a control method capable of effectively utilizing power during a limited period in which power output from a power generation facility is limited. The purpose is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, a management device according to the present invention includes:
A management device that manages power generation equipment that outputs power generated by a power generation module via a power conditioner, and power storage equipment that charges power supplied from a power system or power output from the power conditioner. hand,
Reception means for receiving a restriction period in which the power output from the power conditioner is restricted and restriction information including a restriction value in the restriction period,
In the limited period of the power conditioner based on the restriction information is operating, and a control means for controlling the energy storage equipment such that the charging power to increase,
The power output from the power conditioner, further comprising a storage unit for storing a past actual power generation amount for each time period in a past fixed period,
The control means obtains a suppressed power generation amount by subtracting a current power consumption amount and a predetermined fixed amount from a past actual power generation amount in the same time zone as the present time stored in the storage means. The power storage equipment is controlled so that the charging power is increased with the charging amount obtained based on the above as an upper limit.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, electric power can be utilized effectively by increasing the charging electric power of an electrical storage facility suitably in the restriction | limiting period when the electric power output from a power generation installation is restricted.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of an overall configuration of a home system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram for explaining an example of restriction information. It is a schematic diagram for explaining a restriction period. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating a reverse power flow. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a relationship between a power generation amount and a power consumption amount during a restriction period. It is a schematic diagram for explaining each control state in EV-PCS. FIG. 4 is a state transition diagram for explaining a relationship between control states in an EV-PCS. It is a block diagram showing an example of composition of a management device. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a power utilization control process according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a flow chart which shows an example of cooperation control processing at the time of a restriction (subroutine). FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining how to increase charging power.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts have the same reference characters allotted. Hereinafter, a case where the present invention is applied to a home system will be described as a specific example. However, for example, the present invention can be similarly applied to a building system. That is, the embodiments described below are for explanation, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, those skilled in the art can adopt embodiments in which each of these elements or all elements are replaced with equivalent elements, but these embodiments are also included in the scope of the present invention.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of an overall configuration of a home system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The home system 1 is a so-called HEMS (Home Energy Management System) that manages power used in the house H. The home system 1 includes a PV (Photo Voltaics) panel 2, a PV-PCS (Photo Voltaics-Power Conditioning System) 3, an adapter 4, an EV-PCS (Electric Vehicle-Power Conditioning System) 5, and an EV (Electric Vehicle). 6), a power measuring device 7, a distribution board 8, a plurality of devices 9 (devices 9-1, 9-2,...), A management device 10, and a terminal device 11.

  Further, the home system 1 can communicate with a server 12 located outside the house H via an external wide area network N. This server 12 stores restriction information 13 including a restriction period in which output from the PV-PCS 3 should be restricted. The restriction information 13 is appropriately read from, for example, the PV-PCS 3 (adapter 4) or the management device 10. The details of the restriction information 13 will be described later.

  The PV panel 2 is a power generation module that generates power by receiving sunlight. Hereinafter, a case where the rated capacity (maximum generated power) of the PV panel 2 is 5 kW will be described as an example. The PV panel 2 and the following PV-PCS 3 (adapter 4) constitute a power generation facility.

  The PV-PCS 3 is a power conditioner for the PV panel 2. The PV-PCS 3 converts the electricity generated by the PV panel 2 from DC power to AC power, and supplies (outputs) it to the EV-PCS 5 via the power line D3. In this way, the electric power supplied from the PV-PCS 3 can flow backward (so-called power sale) to the commercial power system (commercial power supply) PS via the EV-PCS 5. In addition, the electric power supplied from the PV-PCS 3 is used for charging the EV 6 (the storage battery 14), or used in the device 9 through the distribution board 8. In the restriction period during which the output from the PV-PCS 3 is to be restricted, the PV-PCS 3 adjusts the output active power (suppresses the output) by, for example, leading the phase.

  The adapter 4 is, for example, a communication adapter that performs wireless communication. The adapter 4 is communicably connected to the management device 10 via a wireless network (not shown) built in the house H. In this wireless network, for example, communication conforming to a known communication standard such as Wi-Fi (registered trademark) or Wi-SUN (registered trademark) is performed. Note that the adapter 4 may be communicably connected to the server 12 via the wide area network N.

  The PV-PCS 3 communicates with the management device 10 via such an adapter 4. For example, the PV-PCS 3 receives the restriction information 13 sent from the management device 10 via the adapter 4. Note that the PV-PCS 3 (adapter 4) may directly access the server 12 and receive the restriction information 13 instead of from the management device 10. Upon receiving the restriction information 13 in this way, the PV-PCS 3 suppresses the output during the restriction period specified in the received restriction information 13. Hereinafter, the restriction information 13 will be described.

  In the restriction information 13, for example, as shown in FIG. 2A, an output upper limit (how much of the rated capacity of the PV panel 2 can be output) in each time (time zone) is defined. In the case of this example, the output from 0:00 to 9:00 and from 15:00 to 24:00 is defined as 100% (that is, no limit). Further, the output from 9:00 to 11:00, from 11:00 to 13:00, and from 13:00 to 15:00 is specified as 40%. In addition, the output may be specified as 0% depending on the time zone. Such a time zone in which the output is smaller than 100% is a restriction period, and the output upper limit in the restriction period is an upper limit value at which power can be output from the PV-PCS3. Note that the restriction information 13 shown in FIG. 2A is an example, and can be changed as appropriate. For example, instead of specifying the output upper limit by the ratio (%), the output upper limit may be specified by the power value (n [kW]).

  When such a restriction information 13 is received via the adapter 4, the PV-PCS 3 sets the line Lp as the upper limit even if the PV panel 2 generates power as shown by the line La, as shown in FIG. 2B, for example. Output power. That is, during the limited period (9:00 to 15:00), the output active power is adjusted by the leading phase control to suppress the upper limit (line Lp) smaller than the power generated by the PV panel 2. Output power.

In addition, if the power sale contract between the user and the electric power company is a surplus purchase, in a situation where the private consumption (power purchase) occurs during such a limited period, the PV-PCS3 uses the private purchase. It is recognized that power can be output up to consumption (when the amount of power generated by the PV panel 2 is sufficient). That is, as shown in Figure 2C, the backward flow P _R in the linking point from C, and the power P _G output from the PV-PCS3, the power P _L that is home consumption, calculated by Equation 1 below. Note that the self-consumption includes charging of the storage battery 14 of the EV 6 and power consumption of the device 9.

P _R = P _G -P _L (Equation 1)

Then, when the power P _R > 0, the PV-PCS 3 outputs the power suppressed to the upper limit (line Lp). On the other hand, if the power P _R ≦ 0, the power can be increased and output until the power P _R = 0 is converged.

This will be specifically described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the transition of the power P _L consumed by the self is indicated by a dashed line. The transition of the generated power La generated by the PV panel 2 is indicated by a thin solid line. Then, the transition of the power P _G output from the PV-PCS3, is indicated by a thick solid line. That is, in the limited period (9:00 to 15), to 2kW power P _L is the upper limit time zone is below the (line Lp) (9:00 to time T1), PV-PCS3 is made the upper limit power and outputs the P _G. Thereafter, the power P _L is equal to or exceeds the upper limit (time T1~ time T3), PV-PCS3 is increased to the same power value and the power P _L and outputs the power P _G. The power P _L is exceeds the generated power La (at time T3~15), PV-PCS3 outputs power P _G having the same power value and the generated power La.

More particularly, at time T1, of the power generated by the PV panel 2, is output to the upper limit value and equal power P _G, the rest is suppressed generation amount Y1. That is, the PV-PCS 3 outputs the phase by shifting the phase by the advanced phase control so that the suppressed power generation amount Y1 becomes the reactive power. As described above, at the time T1 when the self-consumption is small, the ratio of the suppressed power generation amount Y1 to the generated power is high, and thus it cannot be said that the generated power is being used effectively. On the other hand, the own consumption is large time T2, it can be said that its self to consumption amount and outputs the power P _G, due to the low percentage of inhibition generation amount Y2 occupying the generated power, the generated power is more effectively utilized .

  That is, in a situation where the suppressed power generation amount occurs during the restriction period, the power consumption can be increased up to the suppressed power generation amount. Then, by reducing the suppressed power generation amount, the power generated by the PV panel 2 can be effectively used. Nevertheless, it is difficult for the general PV-PCS3 to externally grasp such a suppressed power generation amount. In addition, the power generated by the PV panel 2 and the amount of solar radiation near the PV panel 2 are not acquired by the general PV-PCS 3 in order to reduce costs. Therefore, as described later, the management device 10 simply obtains the suppressed power generation amount using the past power generation amount output from the PV-PCS 3.

  Returning to FIG. 1, EV-PCS5 is a power conditioner for EV6. The EV-PCS 5 controls charging and discharging of the storage battery 14 mounted on the EV 6. When charging the storage battery 14, the EV-PCS 5 supplies power from the commercial power system PS (power line D1) or PV-PCS3 (power line D3) to the storage battery 14 via the power line D4. When the storage battery 14 is discharged, the EV-PCS 5 supplies the power from the storage battery 14 to the distribution board 8 via the power lines D4 and D2.

  The EV-PCS 5 measures the value of the power transmitted to the power lines D1, D3, and D4 at regular intervals (for example, every 30 seconds) in order to control charging and discharging. Power line D1 is provided between commercial power system PS and EV-PCS5, power line D3 is provided between PV-PCS3 and EV-PCS5, and power line D4 is provided with EV-PCS5. And EV6.

  The EV-PCS 5 is connected to CTs (Current Transformers) 1, 3, and 4 connected to the power lines D1, D3, and D4, respectively, via communication lines. CTs 1, 3, and 4 are sensors for measuring an alternating current (the same applies to CT2 described later). EV-PCS5 measures the power value of power line D1 based on the measurement result of CT1. Similarly, the EV-PCS 5 measures the power values of the power lines D3 and D4 based on the measurement results of CT3 and CT4.

  The EV-PCS 5 is communicably connected to the management device 10 via a dedicated communication line L. The EV-PCS 5 transmits the measured power values of the power lines D1, D3, and D4 to the management device 10, for example, in response to a request from the management device 10. Note that the EV-PCS 5 may communicate with the management device 10 via the above-described wireless network built in the house H.

  Such an EV-PCS 5 is controlled by the management device 10 and, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, enters one of the control states of a manual operation, an event operation, a cooperation operation at the time of restriction, and a plan operation. In addition, the cooperative operation at the time of the restriction is an operation in which the self-consumption is appropriately increased in cooperation with the PV-PCS3 during the restriction period in which the output from the PV-PCS3 is to be restricted. In other words, in a situation in which the suppressed power generation amount occurs during the limited period, the operation is used in which the suppressed power generation amount is used for charging the storage battery 14 of the EV 6 to effectively use the power generated by the PV panel 2. The details of the limited-time cooperative operation will be described later together with the description of the management device 10.

  These control states are defined as a manual operation, an event operation, a coordination-at-limit operation, and a plan operation in the descending order of priority. That is, the priority is set higher in the order in which the user's intention works stronger. Therefore, for example, if an operation is performed by a user or a charge / discharge schedule arrives during the limited-time cooperative operation, the state is shifted to a high-priority control state such as a manual operation or an event operation. Specifically, as shown in the state transition diagram of FIG. 5, the EV-PCS 5 appropriately changes the control state according to the event that has occurred.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the EV 6 is an automobile on which the storage battery 14 is mounted. The storage battery 14 is composed of, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery (the type of the secondary battery is arbitrary). The EV 6 and the above-described EV-PCS 5 constitute a power storage facility. The power storage equipment may use, for example, a stationary storage battery instead of the EV 6.

  EV6 is connected to home system 1 (EV-PCS5) by a charging gun (connection cable extending from power line D4) not shown. The EV 6 can charge (store) the storage battery 14 with electric power supplied from the commercial power system PS or the PV-PCS 3 via the EV-PCS 5. In addition, the EV 6 can discharge power stored in the storage battery 14 and supply power to the device 9 via the EV-PCS 5 and the distribution board 8.

  When the EV 6 is used as an automobile, the charging gun is removed (separated from the home system 1), the drive system is operated using the electric power stored in the storage battery 14, and the EV 6 can run freely. Has become. Note that the number of EVs 6 is not limited to one, and a plurality of EVs 6 may be used.

  The power measurement device 7 measures the value of the power transmitted to the power line D2 of the house H at regular intervals (for example, every 30 seconds). The power line D2 is provided between the EV-PCS 5 and the distribution board 8. Power measurement device 7 is connected to CT2 connected to power line D2 via a communication line. The power measurement device 7 measures the power value of the power line D2 based on the measurement result of CT2.

  The power measurement device 7 includes, for example, a wireless communication interface, and is communicably connected to the management device 10 via the above-described wireless network built in the house H. Note that the power measurement device 7 may have a specification in which it is connected to such a wireless network via the adapter 4 as in the case of the PV-PCS 3 described above.

  The distribution board 8 distributes the power transmitted to the power line D2 to the devices 9. That is, the distribution board 8 distributes power supplied from the commercial power system PS (power line D1) or PV-PCS3 (power line D3) via the power line D2 to the devices 9 connected to the power lines D5, D6,. I do.

  The devices 9 (devices 9-1, 9-2, ...) are, for example, electric devices such as an air conditioner, a lighting device, a floor heating system, a refrigerator, an induction heating (IH) cooker, a television, and a water heater. The devices 9-1, 9-2, ... are installed in the house H (including the site), and are connected to power lines D5, D6, ... branched from the power line D2 by the distribution board 8, respectively. The device 9 is communicably connected to the management device 10 via the above-described wireless network built in the house H. Note that, similarly to the above-described PV-PCS 3, the device 9 may have a specification of being connected to such a wireless network via the adapter 4.

  The management device 10 is, for example, a HEMS controller. The management device 10 is installed at an appropriate place in the house H, and monitors the power consumed or generated in the house H, that is, the demand area. For example, the management device 10 generates a monitor screen including numerical values and graphs representing current values and accumulated values of power consumption and generated power, and causes the terminal device 11 to display the monitor screen. In addition, the management device 10 controls the operation of the PV-PCS 3, the EV-PCS 5, and the device 9 and monitors the operation state. Details of the management device 10 will be described later.

  The terminal device 11 is a mobile device, such as a smartphone or a tablet terminal, including an input device such as a push button, a touch panel, and a touch pad, a display device such as an organic EL display and a liquid crystal display, and a communication interface. The terminal device 11 is communicably connected to the management device 10 via the above-described wireless network built in the house H. For example, the terminal device 11 receives an operation from the user, and transmits information indicating the content of the received operation to the management device 10. Further, the terminal device 11 receives information to be presented to the user transmitted from the management device 10 and displays the received information.

  Hereinafter, the management device 10 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of the management device 10. As illustrated, the management device 10 includes an in-home communication unit 21, an out-of-home communication unit 22, a data storage unit 23, and a control unit 24.

  The home communication unit 21 is, for example, a communication unit for connecting to the above-described wireless network built in the house H and for connecting to the EV-PCS 5 via the dedicated line L. That is, the home communication unit 21 communicates with the PV-PCS 3, the EV-PCS 5, the power measurement device 7, the device 9, and the terminal device 11 under the control of the control unit 24. For example, the home communication unit 21 transmits the above-described restriction information 13 to the PV-PCS3. In addition, the home communication unit 21 transmits a corresponding control command to the EV-PCS 5 to change (transition) the control state of the EV-PCS 5. Further, the in-home communication unit 21 receives the power information transmitted from the power measurement device 7. In addition, the in-home communication unit 21 transmits the screen data generated by the control unit 24 to the terminal device 11.

  The external communication unit 22 is, for example, a communication adapter for connecting to an external wide area network N, and performs communication with the external server 12 under the control of the control unit 24. For example, the external communication unit 22 receives the above-described restriction information 13 sent from the server 12.

  The data storage unit 23 includes, for example, a non-volatile semiconductor memory, and stores the power information received from the power measurement device 7 and the restriction information 13 received from the server 12. In addition, the data storage unit 23 stores the current control state (manual operation, event operation, cooperative operation at the time of restriction, and plan operation) in the EV-PCS 5 and various data (references) used to determine (change) the control state. Values and margins) are also stored.

  The data storage unit 23 also stores past power generation amount information output by the PV-PCS3. For example, the data storage unit 23 stores, as a past actual power generation amount, the maximum value of the power generation amount output by the PV-PCS 3 in the past two weeks in each time zone (for example, in units of 30 minutes). As described later, the control unit 24 compares the past actual power generation amount (maximum power generation amount) stored in the data storage unit 23 in the same time zone with the PV panel 2 in the case where there is no output restriction (so-called PV output suppression). The amount of power generation is estimated, and the amount of self-consumption is subtracted therefrom to easily obtain the suppressed power generation. This is because, in the first place, the output limit is issued when there is a high probability that the weather is clear and the amount of solar radiation is high, so that the PV panel 2 during the limit period generates power up to the same level as the past actual power generation. Because it can be considered that An advantage of using the maximum value in the past two weeks is that at least one sunny day is included in the two weeks (it exists with an extremely high probability), and the effective past power generation The quantity will always be remembered. In a week, it is quite possible that there will be no sunny days during the rainy season. Furthermore, in the past two weeks, since the season does not change significantly, the power generation amount estimated using the past actual power generation amount is appropriate.

  Further, the data storage unit 23 stores device information that defines the hardware configuration of the home system 1. The device information includes, for example, various types of hardware (PV-PCS3, EV-PCS5, EV6, power measurement device 7, device 9, and terminal device 11) connected to the home system 1 for controlling and monitoring. Necessary information (for example, setting information, reference value, margin, status, and the like) is included. In addition, the data storage unit 23 also stores contract information indicating a power sale contract signed by the user with the electric power company. This contract information includes, for example, information indicating that the power sale contract is a surplus purchase or a full purchase.

  The control unit 24 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and a RAM (Random Access Memory) (all not shown), and controls the entire management device 10. For example, the control unit 24 controls the power storage equipment (EV-PCS5, EV6) such that the charging power increases during the limited period in which the power output from the PV-PCS3 is limited.

  The control unit 24 functionally includes a power information collection unit 241, a restriction information acquisition unit 242, a power utilization control unit 243, an operation reception unit 244, and a display control unit 245. These functions are realized by the CPU using the RAM as a work memory and appropriately executing, for example, various programs stored in the ROM (for example, a program for a power utilization control process and a cooperative control process at the time of restriction) described later. Is done.

  The power information collection unit 241 collects power information including the amount of power measured by the power measurement device 7. That is, the power information collection unit 241 collects the amount of power consumed by the device 9. In addition, the power information collection unit 241 collects the power values of the power lines D1, D3, and D4 measured by the EV-PCS5.

  The restriction information acquisition unit 242 acquires the restriction information 13 stored by the server 12 through the external communication unit 22. That is, the restriction information acquisition unit 242 acquires the restriction information 13 as shown in FIG.

  The power utilization control unit 243 controls the EV-PCS 5 to charge the EV 6 (the storage battery 14) to effectively use the suppressed power generation during the restriction period. Specifically, the power utilization control unit 243 executes charging of the EV 6 when all of the following conditions 1 to 4 are satisfied during the limited-time cooperative operation of the EV-PCS 5.

  Condition 1 requires that the target devices (PV-PCS3, EV-PCS5, EV6) be present, and that the limited-time cooperation control be permitted (the execution setting is on). Specifically, 1a) PV-PCS3 is installed. 1b) The user's power sale contract is a surplus purchase (not a full purchase). 1c) The execution setting of the control is ON, and the output of the PV-PCS 3 is suppressed. 1d) EV-PCS5 is installed. 1e) EV6 is connected to home system 1 (EV-PCS5). These are required as condition 1.

  In condition 2, it is required that power purchase amount ≦ α. Is a predetermined constant amount (a value close to 0 as an example). Accordingly, when the power purchase amount is larger than the certain amount (α), the charge of the EV 6 increases when the EV 6 is charged, and thus the EV 6 is not charged. That is, α plays a role as a margin for giving the power purchase amount a time width and allowing temporary power purchase. This reduces the influence of measurement errors when determining whether to execute control.

  Condition 3 requires that the upper limit + β ≦ the amount of power generation. This upper limit is the upper limit of the power that can be output by the PV-PCS 3 during the limit period (the line Lp shown in FIG. 2B described above), and the rated capacity of the PV panel 2 is multiplied by the upper limit (%) of the limit information 13. Value. Β is a predetermined constant amount (a value close to 0 as an example). As a result, while the amount of power generation from the PV-PCS 3 is small and less than the upper limit + β, the EV 6 is not charged. That is, β plays a role as a margin for suppressing unnecessary power purchase with respect to fluctuations in the amount of power generation and power consumption from the PV-PCS 3 in real time.

  In condition 4, it is required that the power generation amount of the PV panel 2 (past actual power generation amount)> the power consumption amount−the power purchase allowable set value + γ. Since the power generation amount of the PV panel 2 is not acquired as described above, the past actual power generation amount is used. The past actual power generation amount is, for example, the past actual power generation amount in the same time zone among the past actual power generation amounts (the maximum power generation amount in units of 30 minutes) stored in the data storage unit 23 in the past two weeks. The power purchase allowance set value is a value that defines how much power purchase is allowed when charging the EV 6, and can be arbitrarily set by the user. Γ is a predetermined fixed amount (a value close to 0 as an example). That is, γ plays a role as a margin for assuming the power generation amount of the PV panel 2 to be smaller than the past actual power generation amount in order to tighten the power purchase activation condition. When the EV 6 is performing the charging operation, the comparison is performed using a value obtained by subtracting the amount corresponding to the charging power of the EV 6 from the power consumption. As the charging power of the EV 6, the power value of the power line D4 measured by the EV-PCS 5 is used. Note that the power measuring device 7 may measure the charging power of the EV 6. Further, during the limited period, when the power can be sold (for example, when the power consumption is less than the upper limit value or when the power sale has already occurred), the EV 6 is not charged and the power sale is not performed. May be performed. Therefore, in addition to the condition that the power consumption is equal to or more than the upper limit, when all of these conditions are satisfied, the EV 6 is charged.

  Further, the power utilization control unit 243 simply estimates the power generation amount of the PV panel 2 using the past actual power generation amount (the maximum power generation amount in units of 30 minutes). This is because, as described above, the PV panel 2 during the restriction period can be regarded as generating power up to the same level as the past actual power generation amount. Is assumed). That is, the power utilization control unit 243 simply obtains the suppressed power generation amount by subtracting the private power consumption amount from the past actual power generation amount in the same time zone stored in the data storage unit 23.

The power utilization control unit 243 instructs the EV-PCS 5 on the amount of charge to execute charging of the EV 6. For example, the power utilization control unit 243 sets Pa to a power purchase allowance set value (a value that determines how much power purchase is permitted when charging the EV 6). This Pa is a fixed value (for example, 0.5 kW), and is set to increase the power purchase in order to charge the EV-PCS 5 with the EV 6. That is, by setting Pa, which is a value greater than 0, to the power purchase allowable setting value of the EV-PCS 5, the EV-PCS 5 increases the charge power (charge amount) until the purchase of the Pa occurs, and the EV 6 Charge the battery. Following this, the PV-PCS 3 increases the power so that the trading power amount (reverse power flow P _{R in} FIG. 2C) converges to 0 and outputs it. Then, since the power purchase is stopped, the EV-PCS 5 increases the charging power until the power purchase of Pa occurs again, and charges the EV 6. By repeating these, the self-consumption including the charging power of the EV 6 increases to the power generation amount of the panel 2, and the PV-PCS 3 does not suppress the output (without generating the suppressed power generation amount), and Will output the generated power. Then, the EV-PCS 5 can utilize the amount that would otherwise be the suppressed power generation amount for charging the EV 6 (the storage battery 14).

  If the control time constant of the PV-PCS 3 is long, for example, several tens of seconds or more, it takes a long time until the control state is stabilized. On the other hand, by setting a fixed value (Pa) to the power purchase allowable setting value of the EV-PCS5, the suppressed power generation amount is efficiently utilized even in the control state of the PV-PCS3 having a long control time constant. It becomes possible.

  The operation receiving unit 244 receives the operation data according to the operation of the user using the terminal device 11 (for example, various operations on the EV-PCS 5).

  The display control unit 245 generates various screen data to be supplied to the terminal device 11. For example, the display control unit 245 generates operation screen data for operating the EV-PCS5. Such screen data is transmitted to the terminal device 11 by the home communication unit 21.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the management device 10 (control unit 24) according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the power utilization control process performed by the control unit 24. FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the limited-time cooperation control process (subroutine).

  As shown in FIG. 7, the control unit 24 determines whether or not the PV-PCS3 is present (is installed) (step S101). That is, the control unit 24 determines whether or not the home system 1 has a power generation facility. As an example, the control unit 24 determines the presence or absence of the PV-PCS 3 from the device information stored in the data storage unit 23. When determining that there is no PV-PCS3 (Step S101; No), the control unit 24 ends the power utilization control processing as it is.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that there is a PV-PCS3 (Step S101; Yes), the control unit 24 determines whether or not the power sale contract is a surplus purchase (Step S102). That is, the control unit 24 determines whether or not the power sale contract concluded between the user and the electric utility is a surplus purchase. As an example, the control unit 24 determines from the contract information stored in the data storage unit 23 whether the power sale contract is a surplus purchase. When determining that the power sale contract is not a surplus purchase (Step S102; No), the control unit 24 ends the power utilization control process as it is.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the power sale contract is a surplus purchase (Step S102; Yes), the control unit 24 determines whether or not the limited period cooperative control is permitted (Step S102; Yes). Step S103). For example, the control unit 24 compares the restriction information 13 stored in the data storage unit 23 with the current date and time to determine whether the restriction period has arrived. Further, the control unit 24 determines whether or not the restriction-time cooperation control is permitted based on the device information (setting information of the EV-PCS 5) stored in the data storage unit 23. When the control unit 24 determines that the restriction period has not arrived or the restriction-time cooperation control is not permitted (step S103; No), the power utilization control process ends.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the restriction period is in progress and the restriction-time cooperation control is permitted (step S103; Yes), the control unit 24 determines whether the EV-PCS 5 is present (is installed). Is determined (step S104). That is, the control unit 24 determines whether the home system 1 includes a charging facility. As an example, the control unit 24 determines the presence or absence of the EV-PCS 5 from the device information stored in the data storage unit 23. When determining that there is no EV-PCS 5 (Step S104; No), the control unit 24 ends the power utilization control processing as it is.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the EV-PCS 5 is present (Step S104; Yes), the control unit 24 determines whether or not the EV 6 is being connected (Step S105). That is, the control unit 24 determines whether or not the EV 6 is being connected to the home system 1 (EV-PCS5) by a charging gun (not shown). As an example, the control unit 24 determines whether or not the EV 6 is connected based on the device information (status of the EV 6) stored in the data storage unit 23. When the control unit 24 determines that the EV 6 is not connected (Step S105; No), the control unit 24 ends the power utilization control process.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the EV 6 is being connected (Step S105; Yes), the control unit 24 executes the limited cooperation control processing (Step S106). Hereinafter, the details of the limited cooperation control processing will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the control unit 24 determines whether or not the power purchase amount ≦ α (step S201). This α is a predetermined constant amount (a value close to 0 as an example), has a time width in the power purchase amount, and plays a role as a margin for allowing temporary power purchase. If the control unit 24 determines that the power purchase amount is not equal to or smaller than α (the power purchase amount is larger than α) (step S201; No), the process proceeds to step S209 described later.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the power purchase amount ≦ α (Step S201; Yes), the control unit 24 determines whether or not the upper limit value + β ≦ the power generation amount (Step S202). The upper limit is the upper limit of the power that can be output by the PV-PCS 3 during the limit period, and is obtained from the above-described limit information 13 (line Lp illustrated in FIG. 2B). Β is a predetermined constant amount (a value close to 0 as an example) to suppress unnecessary power purchase in response to the real-time fluctuation in the amount of power generation or power consumption from the PV-PCS3. It serves as a margin. When the control unit 24 determines that the upper limit value + β ≦ the power generation amount is not satisfied (the power generation amount is smaller than the upper limit value + β) (step S202; No), the process proceeds to step S209 described below.

  On the other hand, if it is determined that the upper limit value + β ≦ the power generation amount (step S202; Yes), the control unit 24 determines whether the control state of the EV-PCS 5 is the plan operation or the limited-time cooperation operation (step S202). S203). That is, the control unit 24 determines whether or not the EV-PCS 5 is currently being controlled in the plan operation or the limited-time cooperation operation. When the control unit 24 determines that the control state of the EV-PCS 5 is not the plan operation or the limited-time cooperative operation (manual operation or event operation) (Step S203; No), the process proceeds to Step S209 described below.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the control state of the EV-PCS 5 is the plan operation or the cooperative operation at the time of the restriction (Step S203; Yes), the control unit 24 determines that the past actual power generation amount> the power consumption amount−the power purchase allowable set value + γ. Is determined (step S204). The past actual power generation amount is, for example, the past actual power generation amount in the same time zone among the past actual power generation amounts (maximum power generation amount in units of 30 minutes) in the past two weeks stored in the data storage unit 23. Further, the power purchase allowance setting value is a value that defines how much power purchase is permitted when charging the EV 6 (the storage battery 14), and can be arbitrarily set by the user. Further, γ is a predetermined constant amount (a value close to 0 as an example), and is used for assuming the power generation amount to be smaller than the actual value (the past maximum power generation amount) in order to tighten the activation condition of the power purchase. It serves as a margin. When the control unit 24 determines that the past actual power generation amount is not greater than the power consumption amount−the power purchase allowable set value + γ (the past actual power generation amount is equal to or less than the power consumption amount−the power purchase allowable set value + γ) (step S204; No). The process proceeds to step S209 described below.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the past actual power generation amount> the power consumption amount−the power purchase allowable set value + γ (step S204; Yes), the control unit 24 sets the control state of the EV-PCS 5 to the limited-time cooperative operation (step S204). S205). That is, if the current control state is the plan operation, the control unit 24 changes to the limited-time cooperation operation, and if the current control state is the limited-time cooperation operation, the control unit 24 maintains the state.

  The control unit 24 sets Pa as the power purchase allowable setting value of the EV-PCS 5 (step S206). This Pa is a fixed value (for example, 0.5 kW), and is set for the EV-PCS 5 to increase the charging of the EV 6 (the storage battery 14).

  The control unit 24 turns on the power purchase setting when the EV-PCS 5 is restricted (step S207). By turning on the power purchase setting at the time of restriction, the EV-PCS 5 increases the charge amount until the power purchase occurs and charges the EV 6.

  The control unit 24 sets the operation mode of the EV-PCS 5 to “EV charging” (step S208). That is, the control unit 24 instructs the EV-PCS 5 to perform a charging operation. Then, the control unit 24 ends the limited cooperation control processing.

The EV-PCS 5 instructed to perform the charging operation increases the charging power until the power purchase of Pa set in step S206 occurs, and charges the EV 6. Following this, the PV-PCS 3 increases the power so that the trading power amount (reverse power flow P _{R in} FIG. 2C) converges to 0 and outputs it. Then, since the power purchase is stopped, the EV-PCS 5 increases the charging power until the power purchase of Pa occurs again, and charges the EV 6. By repeating these steps, the self-consumption including the charging power of the EV 6 increases to the power generation amount of the panel 2 (the past actual power generation amount).

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, when the limited cooperation control process is started at the point C, the EV-PCS 5 increases the charging power so as to follow the dashed line Lb, and Charge. Then, the PV-PCS 3 outputs the power generated by the PV panel 2 along the generated power La without suppressing the output (without generating the suppressed power generation amount). That is, the EV-PCS 5 can utilize the amount of power that would normally be suppressed power generation for charging the EV 6 (the storage battery 14).

  Returning to FIG. 8, if it is determined No (the determination at the time of restriction is not established) in any of the above-described steps S201 to S204, the control unit 24 determines whether the control state of the EV-PCS 5 is the cooperation operation at the time of restriction. It is determined whether it is not (step S209). That is, the control unit 24 determines whether the EV-PCS 5 is currently charging the EV 6 at the time of restriction. When the control unit 24 determines that the control state of the EV-PCS 5 is not the limited-time cooperation operation (Step S209; No), the control unit 24 ends the limited-time cooperation control process.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the control state of the EV-PCS 5 is the cooperative operation at the time of restriction (step S209; Yes), the control unit 24 turns off the power purchase setting at the time of restriction of the EV-PCS 5 (step S210). ). By turning off the power purchase setting at the time of restriction, the EV-PCS ends charging of the EV 6 at the time of restriction.

  The control unit 24 sets the control state of the EV-PCS 5 to the plan operation (step S211). That is, the control unit 24 changes the control state of the EV-PCS 5 from the limited-time cooperation operation to the plan operation.

  By such a power utilization control process (restriction-time cooperation control process), the charging power of the power storage facility (EV-PCS5) is appropriately increased in a limited period in which the power output from the power generation facility (PV-PCS3) is limited. Thus, electric power can be used effectively. In particular, even in a situation where it is difficult to externally grasp the suppressed power generation amount of the PV-PCS 3 or a situation where the generated power of the PV panel 2 or the amount of solar radiation near the PV panel 2 cannot be obtained, the suppressed power generation can be simply performed. The amount can be estimated and used for charging the EV 6 (the storage battery 14) by the EV-PCS 5. This makes it possible to appropriately reduce the cost of the system.

(Modification of First Embodiment)
In the above-described first embodiment, the case has been described where the control unit 24 (the power utilization control unit 243) sets Pa as the power purchase allowable setting value when instructing the EV-PCS 5 of the charge amount. The charge amount may be directly instructed using the suppressed power generation amount obtained in (1).

  For example, the control unit 24 subtracts the amount of self-consumption (for example, the amount of power measured by the power measuring device 7) from the amount of past generated power (the amount of past generated power in the same time zone), and easily calculates the suppressed amount of generated power. Ask. At this time, the above-mentioned γ (margin for assuming the power generation amount smaller than the actual value) may be further subtracted. The control unit 24 converts the obtained suppressed power generation amount into a charge amount corresponding to the W value, and instructs the EV-PCS 5 to charge the charge amount.

  In this case, the charge amount of the EV 6 can be adjusted according to the suppressed power generation amount, so that the suppressed power generation amount can be used more efficiently.

(Other embodiments)
In the first embodiment, the case where the EV-PCS 5 is controlled during the limited period has been described. However, the EV-PCS 5 may be appropriately controlled before the limited period starts. Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described.

  Another embodiment is characterized in that the control unit 24 plans a charge / discharge schedule of the EV 6 for the EV-PCS 5 based on the restriction information 13. Specifically, as shown below, the charge / discharge schedule is planned so that the EV 6 (the storage battery 14) can be charged during the limited period.

  For example, the control unit 24 discharges the EV 6 before the limit period arrives, and secures a chargeable capacity of the storage battery 14. Further, the user is prompted to use the EV 6 on the day before the limit period comes, and the remaining amount of the storage battery 14 is reduced. In addition, the charging using the midnight time zone is stopped during the night before the restriction period comes. The capacity to be discharged or consumed in advance or the capacity to limit charging may be planned using a power generation prediction or a power consumption prediction per unit time (for example, 30 minutes). In addition, the control unit 24 may set the operation mode of the EV-PCS 5 to the “minimum power selling mode” (operation mode for performing surplus charging) in accordance with the arrival of the restriction period.

  In this case, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the EV 6 cannot be fully charged and cannot be charged during the limited period. That is, by appropriately planning the charging / discharging schedule based on the restriction information 13, the EV 6 can be charged without fail during the restriction period. Thus, the suppressed power generation amount generated during the limited period can be reliably used for charging the EV 6 (the storage battery 14).

  In the above embodiment, the home system 1 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is similarly applicable to, for example, a building system arranged in a building.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the management device 10 is arranged inside the house H has been described, but the management device 10 may be arranged outside the house H. For example, the server 12 shown in FIG. 1 may function as the management device 10. Also in this case, the power can be effectively used by appropriately increasing the charging power of the power storage facility (EV-PCS5) during the limited period.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the dedicated management device 10 is used has been described. However, by applying an operation program that defines the operation of the management device 10 to an existing personal computer or information terminal device, the personal computer can be used. It is also possible to function as the management device 10 according to the present invention.

  The method of distributing such a program is arbitrary. For example, a computer readable medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read-Only Memory), a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), an MO (Magneto Optical Disk), and a memory card can be used. The program may be stored in a recording medium and distributed, or may be distributed via a communication network such as the Internet.

  The present invention is capable of various embodiments and modifications without departing from the broad spirit and scope. Further, the above-described embodiments are for describing the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. That is, the scope of the present invention is shown not by the embodiment but by the claims. Various modifications made within the scope of the claims and the scope of the invention equivalent thereto are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be employ | adopted for the management apparatus which can utilize electric power effectively, and the control method in the restriction | limiting period when the electric power output from a power generation installation is restricted.

1 home system, 2 PV panels, 3 PV-PCS, 4 adapters, 5 EV-PCS, 6 EV, 7 power measurement device, 8 distribution board, 9 devices, 10 management devices, 11 terminal devices, 12 servers, 13 restrictions Information, 14 storage battery, 21 in-home communication unit, 22 out-of-home communication unit, 23 data storage unit, 24 control unit, 241 power information collection unit, 242 limit information acquisition unit, 243 power utilization control unit, 244 operation reception unit, 245 display Control unit

Claims (2)

A management device that manages power generation equipment that outputs power generated by a power generation module via a power conditioner, and power storage equipment that charges power supplied from a power system or power output from the power conditioner. hand,
Reception means for receiving a restriction period in which the power output from the power conditioner is restricted and restriction information including a restriction value in the restriction period,
In the limited period of the power conditioner based on the restriction information is operating, and control means for controlling the energy storage equipment such that the charging power to increase,
Equipped with a,
The power output from the power conditioner, further comprising a storage unit for storing a past actual power generation amount for each time period in a past fixed period,
The control means obtains a suppressed power generation amount by subtracting a current power consumption amount and a predetermined fixed amount from a past actual power generation amount in the same time zone as the present time stored in the storage means. Controlling the power storage equipment so that the charging power increases, with the charging amount obtained based on the upper limit as an upper limit,
Management apparatus. Control of a management device that manages power generation equipment that outputs power generated by the power generation module via a power conditioner, and power storage equipment that charges power supplied from a power system or power output from the power conditioner. The method,
A receiving step of receiving limiting information including a limiting period in which power output from the power conditioner is limited and a limiting value in the limiting period,
In the limited period of the power conditioner based on the restriction information is operating, and a control step of controlling the energy storage equipment such that the charging power to increase,
Equipped with a,
The power output from the power conditioner, further comprises a storage step of storing a past actual power generation amount for each time period in a past fixed period,
In the control step, the current power consumption and a predetermined fixed amount are subtracted from the past actual power generation amount in the same time zone as the present time stored in the storage step to obtain a suppressed power generation amount. Controlling the power storage equipment so that the charging power increases, with the charging amount obtained based on the upper limit as an upper limit,
Control method.

Images