JP6554388B2 - Filter device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a backwashable filtration device that peels off trapped substances adhering to the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical filter element provided inside a filtration chamber.

  Conventionally, filtration of river water, lake water or seawater, filtration of liquids used in industry generally such as cooling water or process liquid of various devices, filtration of oil such as lubricating oil or diesel fuel oil, chemical plant etc. In the filtration of gases and the like of various raw materials, various filtration devices are used for the purpose of capturing and removing fine particles and dust contained therein.

  When the filtration by the filtration device is continued for a long time, solid content, gelled dust and the like trapped in the filter element are accumulated in the filter element, the resistance to the fluid flowing from the inside to the outside is increased, and finally Makes it difficult to filter the fluid of interest. In order to cope with this, for example, periodically, the filter element is subjected to an operation called "backwashing" in which the trapped matter attached to the filter element is separated through the fluid in the opposite direction to the filtration time to recover the filtration performance of the filter element. .

  The backwashing operation is effective, but the trapped material adhering to the filter element may remain without being completely removed. In that case, even if the backwashing operation is repeated, the resistance to the fluid flowing from the inside to the outside of the filter element increases, and it may be difficult to filter the target fluid. In particular, as in the case where the liquid is filtered, when gel dust or dust covered with a highly adhesive substance is strongly attached to the surface of the filter element, the reverse direction to the time of filtration is taken. It is difficult to restore the filtration performance of the filter element only by backwashing fluid. Especially, the tendency is strong in the filtration apparatus which uses the filter element whose size of eyes is finer than 100 micrometers.

  In response to this, a filtering device for recovering the filtering performance of the filter element has been proposed. As this type of filtration device, there are a fluid inflow chamber where the target fluid flows from the outside, a filtration chamber that filters the target fluid that has flowed from this fluid inflow chamber, and the outflow to the outside, A casing having a drain chamber for draining to the outside as a drain, inside a sealed space, provided inside a filtration chamber, one end of which is closed and the other end located on the fluid inflow chamber side is opened, A cylindrical filter element through which fluid passes and filters from the inside to the outside, and an outer peripheral portion is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface inside the filter element and is provided to be reciprocatively movable in the axial direction. The backwashing sliding member which peels off the trapped matter adhering to the inner circumferential surface of the filter element by the inward flow generated by the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter element, and the backwashing sliding member A base end is connected to one side surface of the material, and a piston member is provided at the other end, and an orifice is provided at any one of the longitudinal directions of the fluid flow hole formed in the axial direction, and backwash sliding A backwashing pipe for enabling the inward flow generated by the member to flow out toward the drain chamber and a piston member provided on the backwashing pipe are reciprocably engaged from one end, and the backwashing slide A moving member is reciprocated inside the filter element, and the other end extends into the drain chamber and flows the fluid from the backwash pipe toward the drain chamber, and the backwash fitted in the working cylinder. In order to make the piston member of the pipe for reciprocal movement within the working cylinder, fluid supply means for freely circulating fluid in the working cylinder, and when the pressure at the fluid outlet from the filtration chamber is made higher than normal pressure In addition, the pressure at the fluid inlet to the fluid inflow chamber is made higher than the pressure at the fluid outlet, and the drain port of the drain chamber is opened and closed to the pressure side lower than the pressure at the fluid outlet, and back washing is proposed. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP, 2014-094346, A

  However, in the above-mentioned conventional filtration apparatus, when backwashing is performed, the drain port of the drain chamber is opened to allow a part of the target fluid including the trapped matter separated from the inner peripheral surface of the filter element to flow out. On the other hand, when backwashing is not performed, the drain port is closed, so that the outflow of the target fluid from the drain chamber is stopped and the amount of filtration by the filter element is not reduced. Needed to be installed. For this reason, the installation of the on-off valve and the additional installation of piping and the like increase the size of the filtration device and increase the restriction on the installation layout, which may increase the manufacturing cost.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a filter device that is miniaturized by omitting a drain opening / closing valve.

In order to solve the above problems, a filtration device according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a fluid inflow chamber into which a target fluid flows from the outside, a filtration chamber that filters the target fluid that has flowed in from the fluid inflow chamber and flows out to the outside, And a drain chamber for discharging the trapped matter by filtration of the filtration chamber to the outside, arranged in series centering on the fluid inflow chamber and provided inside the filtration chamber, a casing having the inside of the sealed space, one end And a cylindrical filter element that is open at the other end located on the fluid inflow chamber side and that allows the target fluid to pass through from the inside to the outside for filtration, and axially reciprocates inside the filter element It has an outer peripheral part that moves and slides on the inner peripheral surface of the filter element, and a gap that extends inward from the outer peripheral part, and inwards that are generated from the outer side of the filter element toward the gap during backwashing. As a result, the backwashing sliding member having a fluid passage hole that peels off the trapped material adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter element and penetrates from one end side to the other end side of the filter element, The base end is connected to one side surface of the cleaning sliding member to communicate with the gap and the piston member is provided at the other end to guide the inward flow toward the drain chamber, the backwashing pipe, and the piston from one end An actuating cylinder which reciprocates the member so as to reciprocate the backwashing sliding member inside the filter element, the other end of which extends to the drain chamber and receives the inward flow from the backwashing pipe; At the closing portion closing the opening at the other end of the working cylinder, an orifice communicating the inside of the working cylinder with the drain chamber is formed closably by the piston member, and the inward flow received by the working cylinder is To the orifice member which can flow to the drain chamber through the office, and a piston member which is fitted to the actuating cylinder can reciprocate in the working cylinder, a fluid supply means for supplying a working fluid in the working cylinder, reverse An elastic member provided on one side of the sliding member for washing and elastically deformed by contact with a fixed object located on the other end side of the filter element in a state where the piston member closes the orifice ; The pressure at the fluid outlet from the chamber is higher than normal pressure, and the pressure at the fluid inlet to the fluid inlet chamber is higher than the pressure at the fluid outlet, and the pressure at the drain port of the drain chamber is the pressure at the fluid outlet The backwashing is performed in a state where the piston member does not block the orifice.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a filter device comprising: a fluid inflow chamber in which a target fluid flows from the outside; a filter chamber that filters the target fluid inflowing from the fluid flow chamber; A drain chamber for discharging the water to the outside is disposed in series around the filtration chamber, and a casing is provided inside the sealed space, and is provided inside the filtration chamber, and one end located on the fluid inflow chamber side is open And a cylindrical filter element that is closed at the other end located on the drain chamber side and passes the target fluid from the inside to the outside to filter, and axially reciprocates inside the filter element. There is an outer peripheral portion slidingly contacting the inner peripheral surface of the filter element, and a gap extending inward from the outer peripheral portion, and an inward flow generated from the outer side of the filter element toward the gap at the time of backwashing A sliding member for backwashing that peels off the trapped matter attached to the inner circumferential surface of the filter element, and a base end connected to one side surface of the sliding member for backwashing communicate with the gap and a piston member is provided at the other end And a backwashing pipe for guiding the inward flow toward the drain chamber, and a sliding member for backwashing, which is disposed inside the drain chamber so as to reciprocate the piston member from one end and which is a filter member for the backwashing sliding member The orifice that communicates the inside of the working cylinder and the drain chamber is formed in the working cylinder that reciprocates inside the cylinder and receives the inward flow from the backwash pipe, and the closed portion that closes the opening at the other end of the working cylinder. An orifice member is formed on the piston member so that the inward flow received by the working cylinder can flow out to the drain chamber through the orifice, and is provided on one side of the backwashing sliding member. An elastic member which is elastically deformed by coming into contact with a fixed object located on the other end side of the filter element in a state where the engine member closes the orifice, and a piston member fitted in the working cylinder are reciprocated within the working cylinder And a fluid supply means for supplying a working fluid into the working cylinder, enabling the pressure at the fluid outlet from the filtration chamber to be higher than atmospheric pressure, and the pressure at the fluid inlet to the fluid inlet chamber. The pressure is higher than the pressure at the fluid outlet, and the pressure at the drain port of the drain chamber is lower than the pressure at the fluid outlet, so that backwashing is performed without the piston member closing the orifice.

  According to the filtration device of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size by omitting the drain opening / closing valve.

It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the normal filtration state of the filtration apparatus concerning 1st Embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view of a backwashing sliding member and a pipe for backwashing in the filtration device. The structure of the sliding member for backwashing in the same filtration apparatus is shown, (a) is a lower side view of a 1st disk shaped member, (b) is a X1-X1 line sectional view of (a), (c) is the 1st 2 is a lower side view of the disk-shaped member of FIG. 2, (d) is a sectional view taken along line X2-X2 of (c). It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the detail of the backwashing pipe and working cylinder of the same filtration apparatus. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of backwashing of the filter apparatus. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state when returning to an initial state in the filtration apparatus. The modification of the sliding member for backwashing in the filtration apparatus is shown, (a) is a principal part front view, (b) is the center longitudinal section of (a). It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows the modification of the elastic member in the filtration apparatus. The state at the time of backwashing of the filtration apparatus concerning 2nd Embodiment is shown, (a) is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is a YY sectional view taken on the line of (a). It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the normal filtration state of the filtration apparatus concerning 3rd Embodiment. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of backwashing of the filter apparatus. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state when returning to an initial state in the filtration apparatus. The state at the time of backwashing of the filtration apparatus concerning 4th Embodiment is shown, (a) is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is a Z-Z line sectional view of (a). It is a principal part expanded sectional view showing the modification of an orifice member.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of the filtration apparatus according to the first embodiment. This filtration device is a filtration of liquids commonly used in the industry such as cooling water or process liquid of various devices, filtration of oils such as lubricating oil or diesel fuel oil, filtration of gases etc. of various raw materials used in chemical factories, Alternatively, it is applied to the filtration of ballast water of ships, and it is possible to backwash it to capture and remove fine particles, dust and the like contained in them, and to separate off the trapped matter adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter element, As shown in FIG. 1, the casing 1, the filter element 2, the backwashing sliding member 3, the backwashing pipe 4, the working cylinder 5 and the fluid supply means 6 are provided.

  The casing 1 forms an outer shell of the filtration device, and is formed in a cylindrical shape (for example, a cylindrical shape) in which one end portion 1a and the other end portion 1b are closed, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, etc., and has a space sealed inside. ing. The interior of the casing 1 is divided into three chambers by a first partition plate 7a and a second partition plate 7b arranged at two places in the middle in the longitudinal direction. Between the first partition plate 7a and the second partition plate 7b, there is a fluid inflow chamber 8 into which a fluid to be filtered (hereinafter referred to as "target fluid") flows from the outside, and the second partition plate A filtration chamber 10 is provided between the plate 7b and the end plate 9 at one end 1a for filtering the target fluid flowing from the fluid inflow chamber 8 and flowing it out, and the first partition plate 7a and the other end 1b Between the end plate 11, there is a drain chamber 12 that discharges the trapped substance from the filtration chamber 10 to the outside. That is, the casing 1 has the fluid inflow chamber 8, the filtration chamber 10 and the drain chamber 12 arranged in series with the fluid inflow chamber 8 at the center, and is provided inside the sealed space. The material of the casing 1 is metal, synthetic resin, or the like, and the shape and size of the casing 1 may be appropriately determined according to the purpose of use of the filtration device, the type and amount of liquid and gas to be passed, the installation location, and the like.

  A fluid inlet 13 is provided in part of the fluid inflow chamber 8. The fluid inlet 13 is in the form of an outwardly projecting pipe, the tip of which is flanged, and a fluid supply pipe (not shown) is connected thereto. Further, a fluid outlet 14 is provided in a part of the filtration chamber 10. The fluid outlet 14 is in the form of an outwardly projecting pipe, the tip of which is flanged, to which a filtered fluid discharge pipe (not shown) is connected. Further, a drain port 15 is provided in a part of the drain chamber 12. The drain port 15 is formed in a pipe shape protruding outward, and the tip thereof is formed in a flange shape, to which a captured matter discharge pipe (not shown) is connected. And the circular through-hole 16 is formed in the center part of the 2nd partition plate 7b, for example.

  The filter element 2 is provided inside the filtration chamber 10. The filter element 2 passes the target fluid and captures and filters solid content, gel-like dust and the like contained in the fluid, and the whole is formed in a cylindrical shape, and one end 2a thereof is blocked. At the same time, the other end 2b located on the fluid inflow chamber 8 side is opened so that the fluid passes from the inside toward the outside and is filtered. That is, in the filter element 2, the one end 2a positioned on the upper side in FIG. 1 is held and closed by the sealing member 17, and the other end 2b opened on the lower side passes through the second partition plate 7b. It is connected to the hole 16.

  The sealing member 17 of the filter element 2 closes the one end 2a of the filter element 2 and also functions to maintain the shape of the filter element 2. A support shaft 18 protruding toward the end plate 9 at the center of the sealing member 17 is supported by a steady plate 19 provided near the end plate 9. As a result, the one end 2 a of the filter element 2 is supported inside the filtration chamber 10 using the buffering action of the steady rest plate 19. In addition, in FIG. 1, the code | symbol F shows the ring-shaped flange provided in the outer periphery of the one end part 1a of the casing 1, and the code FP shows the ring-shaped packing interposed between the end plate 9 and the flange F. ing. Further, the method of sealing the filter element 2 is an example, and the other end 2 b side of the filter element 2 coupled to the through hole 16 of the second partition plate 7 b may be removed. The filter element 2 only needs to be able to be filtered and a backwashing sliding member 3 to be described later can be operated therein.

  The filter element 2 is configured by sintering a plurality of wire meshes to improve shape retention and forming a cylindrical shape, or made of metal fiber or resin nonwoven fabric and / or wire mesh or resin mesh. Furthermore, there are a cylindrical notch wire filter element, a wedge wire filter element, a plate member having pores, and the like. The metal fiber non-woven fabric is prepared by laminating and sintering metal fibers, and has the function of adhering dust and the like contained in the fluid to be filtered to form a cleaning fluid. In addition, the wire mesh may perform a filtration function, or may function as a shape-retaining support or surface protection material of the metal fiber non-woven fabric. The shape, size, number and the like of the filter element 2 may be appropriately determined in accordance with the purpose of use of the filtration device, the filtration performance, the size of the casing 1, the type of target fluid, and the like.

  The backwashing sliding member 3 is provided so as to be capable of reciprocating in the axial direction inside the filter element 2. The sliding member 3 for backwashing has an outer peripheral portion 20 slidably contacting the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2 and a gap G extending inwardly from the outer peripheral portion 20, and from the outside of the filter element 2 during backwashing. The inward flow generated toward the inner gap G is defined as a backwash flow, and the trapped material attached to the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2 is peeled off by this backwash flow. The backwashing sliding member 3 has a fluid passage hole 21 penetrating from the one end 2a side to the other end 2b side of the filter element 2, and the target fluid is for backwashing inside the filter element 2. The sliding member 3 is allowed to pass through.

  The backwashing pipe 4 is a linearly extending tubular member, the base end of which is connected to one side of the backwashing sliding member 3 to communicate with the gap G of the backwashing sliding member 3, and the other end is A piston member 22 is provided. The backwash pipe 4 guides the backwash flow toward the drain chamber 12.

  2 and 3 show specific shapes and structures of the backwashing sliding member 3 and the backwashing pipe 4. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the backwashing sliding member 3 and the backwashing pipe 4 in partial cross section. FIG. 3 is a side view and a cross-sectional view showing two disk-like members constituting the backwashing sliding member 3.

  In FIG. 2, the backwashing sliding member 3 is configured by combining a first disk-shaped member 3 a of a predetermined thickness and a second disk-shaped member 3 b of a predetermined thickness similarly. Ru. As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the first disc-like member 3a has a plurality of projecting portions 24 that project by a predetermined amount from the back surface 23 facing the second disc-like member 3b. A fluid passage hole 21 a that is provided and penetrates the first disk-like member 3 a in the thickness direction is formed on the projecting surface of each projecting portion 24. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 (c) and 3 (d), the fluid passage hole of the first disk 3a when the second disk 3b is disposed to face the first disk 3a. A fluid passage hole 21b penetrating the second disk-like member 3b in the thickness direction is formed at a position corresponding to 21a. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the fluid passage holes 21a and 21b are reversed when the first disc-like member 3a and the second disc-like member 3b are combined to form the backwashing sliding member 3. A fluid passage hole 21 (see FIG. 1) penetrating the cleaning sliding member 3 is formed. The sum of the cross sectional areas of the plurality of fluid passage holes 21 is equal to or larger than the cross sectional area of the fluid inlet 13 provided in the fluid inflow chamber 8 in order to reduce the pressure loss in the fluid passage holes 21. preferable.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), a bolt is passed through the first disk-like member 3a at, for example, a position equally divided by 2 to 4 in the circumferential direction in the vicinity of the outer peripheral portion 20a. Bolt holes 25 are formed. As shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D, the second disk-shaped member 3b includes a first disk-shaped member 3a and a second disk-shaped member 3b in the vicinity of the outer peripheral portion 20b. A bolt hole 26 through which a bolt is similarly passed is formed at a position corresponding to the bolt hole 25 of the first disk-like member 3a in a state where the positions of the fluid passage holes 21a and 21b coincide with each other. A connecting hole 27 of an inner diameter capable of fitting the backwashing pipe 4 is formed through the second disk 3b in the thickness direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the two disk-like members 3 a and 3 b are in a state in which the projecting surface of the projecting part 24 of the first disk-like member 3 a is in contact with and opposes the second disk-like member 3 b. Are inserted into the bolt holes 25 and 26, and the other end of the bolt 28 is screwed with and combined with the nut 29 to configure the sliding member 3 for backwashing. Therefore, in the sliding member 3 for backwashing, an interval corresponding to a predetermined amount of projection of the projection 24 is partially created between the two disk-like members 3a and 3b, and this interval is the sliding surface for the backwashing. A gap G extending inward from the outer peripheral portion 20 of the moving member 3 is formed, and a backwash flow is generated toward the gap G. The predetermined amount of protrusion of the protrusion 24 is such that the backwash flow flowing from the outside of the filter element 2 into the inner gap G flows at a predetermined flow rate that can sufficiently separate the trapped matter adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2 Is set as In addition, the fluid passing holes 21 formed by the fluid passing holes 21a and 21b of the backwashing sliding member 3 prevent the collision with the backwashing flow, and the target fluid slides on the inner side of the filter element 2 for backwashing. The moving member 3 is allowed to pass through.

  As shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D, the second disk-shaped member 3b is inserted into the fluid passage hole 21b and the bolt hole 26 on the surface 30 that does not face the first disk-shaped member 3a. An elastic member 31 is provided at a position (for example, in the vicinity of the outer peripheral portion 20b) which does not overlap with the bolt 28 and the backwashing pipe 4 fitted in the coupling hole 27. As shown in FIG. 1, the elastic member 31 includes the second partition plate 7 b and the like in a state where the backwashing sliding member 3 is located at the other end 2 b that is closest to the lower side in the filter element 2. Is formed to be in contact with a fixed object in the casing 1 to cause elastic deformation, and generates a biasing force that biases the backwashing sliding member 3 toward the one end 2a of the filter element 2.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the backwash pipe 4 is connected to a coupling hole 27 formed in the second disk-like member 3 b of the backwash sliding member 3 by welding or the like so that the gap G The piston member 22 is attached to the outer periphery of the other end by welding or the like. The piston member 22 is fitted in a working cylinder 5 described later, and reciprocates the backwashing sliding member 3 inside the filter element 2 with the movement of the piston member 22, and the outer diameter thereof is It is a size that can be fitted to the inner periphery of the working cylinder 5 and slidably contact the inner periphery. Since the piston member 22 is attached to the outer periphery of the backwash pipe 4, the backwash flow can flow out from the other end of the backwash pipe 4 into the working cylinder 5 and be guided toward the drain chamber 12. .

  The working cylinder 5 is formed to extend linearly from one end 5 a located in the fluid inflow chamber 8 and to locate the other end 5 b in the drain chamber 12, as shown in FIG. 1. The working cylinder 5 has a piston member 22 fitted therein so as to be capable of reciprocating from one end 5a, and along with the movement of the piston member 22, the backwashing sliding member 3 mutually connected by the backwashing pipe 4 is filtered Reciprocate within element 2. In addition, the working cylinder 5 receives the backwash flow out of the backwash pipe 4 and causes the backwash flow to flow out from the other end 5 b to the drain chamber 12.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the backwash pipe 4 and the working cylinder 5, and shows a specific shape and structure of the working cylinder 5. In the working cylinder 5, a closing member 32 is attached to one end 5a, and fluid leakage is prevented at the one end 5a side. A hole into which the backwashing pipe 4 is fitted is formed at the central portion of the closing member 32, and the backwashing pipe 4 is fitted so as to be capable of reciprocating. Since the piston member 22 attached to the backwash pipe 4 is fitted on the inner periphery of the working cylinder 5 and slidably contacts the inner peripheral surface as described above, the closing member 32 and the piston member are disposed inside the working cylinder 5. A space 33 is formed between it and 22. A sealing material is interposed on the inner periphery of the hole in which the backwashing pipe 4 is fitted and on the outer periphery of the piston member 22 in sliding contact with the working cylinder 5, and the fluid tightness of the space 33 to the outside of the working cylinder 5・ We keep airtightness.

  The other end portion 5b of the working cylinder 5 includes a closing portion 34a that closes the opening of the working cylinder 5, and an orifice 34b that passes through the closing portion 34a and communicates the inside of the working cylinder 5 with the drain chamber 12. An orifice member 34 is provided. The orifice 34b is closed when the piston member 22 comes into close contact with the closing portion 34a. The orifice 34b limits the flow rate of the backwash flow that flows from the working cylinder 5 to the drain chamber 12 side. As shown in FIG. 1, the axial lengths of the backwash pipe 4 and the working cylinder 5 are the orifices 34 b of the orifice member 34 provided in the working cylinder 5 by the piston member 22 provided in the backwash pipe 4. Is set so that the backwashing sliding member 3 is positioned at the lowermost end 2b in the filter element 2. At this time, as described above, the elastic member 31 is elastically deformed by contacting with a fixed object in the casing 1 such as the second partition plate 7b.

  Since the piston member 22 attached to the backwash pipe 4 is fitted on the inner periphery of the working cylinder 5 and is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the working cylinder 5 as described above, the orifice member 34 and the piston member inside the working cylinder 5 A space 35 is formed between it and 22. Therefore, in the backwash flow, when the orifice 34 b is not closed by the piston member 22, that is, when the orifice 34 b is opened, the gap G of the backwash sliding member 3, the backwash pipe 4, and the working cylinder 5 The space 35 and the orifice 34 b of the orifice member 34 can flow out to the drain chamber 12. Further, by restricting the flow rate of the backwash flow at the orifice 34 b, pressure is applied to the space 35, and an upward force is applied to the piston member 22 so that the piston member 22 is separated from the orifice member 34.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fluid supply means 6 is connected to the closing member 32 of the working cylinder 5. The fluid supply means 6 enables the piston member 22 of the backwash pipe 4 fitted in the working cylinder 5 to reciprocate within the working cylinder 5, and supplies the working fluid to the space 33 of the working cylinder 5. The tip 36 is connected to one position of the closing member 32. When the volume of the space 33 is reduced, the mouthpiece 36 of the fluid supply means 6 is released to normal pressure (for example, atmospheric pressure) instead of being connected to a pump for pumping the pressurized working fluid. You may do so.

  The structure of the closing member 32 to which the base 36 of the fluid supply means 6 is connected will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, a through hole 37 is formed in one thickness of the closing member 32, and a female screw is cut on the inner circumferential surface of the through hole 37. In this state, as shown in FIG. 1, the external thread of the mouthpiece 36 of the fluid supply means 6 is screwed into the flow hole 37, and the fluid supply means 6 is connected to one point of the closing member 32. And, between the inner peripheral surface of the hole at the center of the closing member 32 to which the backwashing pipe 4 is fitted and the outer peripheral surface of the backwashing pipe 4, the flow hole 37 and the space 33 communicate with each other. A gap 38 is formed. Therefore, the fluid is supplied from the fluid supply means 6 to the space 33 in the working cylinder 5 through the gap 38.

  In the above-described configuration of the filtration device, the pressure at the fluid outlet 14 from the filtration chamber 10 (i.e., the pressure after filtration by the filter element 2) is higher than atmospheric pressure (for example, atmospheric pressure). The pressure at the fluid inlet 13 (that is, the pressure before filtration by the filter element 2) is made higher than the pressure at the fluid outlet 14. In order to make the pressure of the fluid outlet 14 higher than the normal pressure, the piping resistance on the downstream side of the fluid outlet 14 may be increased. For example, the outlet valve is throttled, a back pressure valve is provided, the pipe is raised and the head (water head) is enlarged. Also, in order to make the pressure at the fluid inlet 13 higher than the pressure at the fluid outlet 14, the pressure difference (differential pressure) generated when the fluid passes from the inside to the outside of the filter element 2 is added to the outlet pressure. Just do it. That is, the target fluid may be supplied such that the inlet pressure = the outlet pressure + the filter differential pressure. As a result, the target fluid flows from the fluid inflow chamber 8 into the filtration chamber 10 and filtration by the filter element 2 is performed. The drain port 15 of the drain chamber 12 is not provided with an opening / closing valve, and the inside of the drain chamber 12 is always kept at a pressure lower than the pressure of the fluid outlet 14 (for example, atmospheric release).

  Next, the operation of the thus configured filtering device will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 5, and 6. FIG. FIG. 1 shows the state of the filtration device during normal filtration without backwashing.

  During normal filtration, as shown in FIG. 1, the fluid supply means 6 supplies the working fluid to the space 33 of the working cylinder 5 with a constant pressure P1 so that the piston member 22 closely contacts the orifice member 34. The orifice 34b is closed by the piston member 22 by applying a pressing force to the cylinder 22 (see the white arrow in FIG. 1). At this time, the backwashing sliding member 3 is located at the other end 2 b that is closest to the lower side in the filter element 2. This state is taken as the initial state of the filtration device.

  At the time of normal filtration, as shown in FIG. 1, an external target fluid is caused to flow from the fluid inlet 13 of the casing 1 as indicated by an arrow A and from the fluid outlet 14 to the outside as indicated by an arrow B. At this time, after the target fluid flows into the fluid inflow chamber 8 from the fluid inlet 13, the filter passes through the through holes 16 formed in the second partition plate 7b and the fluid passing holes 21 of the backwashing sliding member 3 Filtering is performed by flowing into the element 2 and passing the target fluid from the inside to the outside. The filtered target fluid flows out to the filtration chamber 10 outside the filter element 2 and flows out of the filtration chamber 10 as a filtered fluid through the fluid outlet 14 to the outside. On the other hand, since the orifice 34 b is closed by the piston member 22, the filtered fluid in the filtration chamber 10 flows from the outside of the filter element 2 into the gap G of the backwashing sliding member 3 inside and backwashing. Even if it reaches the other end of the working pipe 4, it can be suppressed from flowing out into the drain chamber 12 through the orifice 34 b.

  If filtration is continued in this manner, solid content, gel-like dust and the like contained in the target fluid may be trapped by the filter element 2 and accumulated in the filter element 2 to cause clogging. If clogging has occurred, in order to restore the filtration performance of the filter element 2, backwashing is performed to peel off the trapped material adhering to the filter element 2.

  FIG. 5 shows the state of the filtration device at the time of backwashing. At the time of backwashing, not only backwashing is performed, but the target fluid is allowed to flow from the fluid inlet 13 as indicated by the solid arrow A and the filtered fluid is indicated from the fluid outlet 14 as indicated by the solid arrow B, as in normal filtration. Allow to drain and filter through filter element 2.

  Since the piston member 22 is in close contact with the orifice member 34 at the start of the backwashing, the fluid supply means 6 is provided in the working cylinder 5 to form a space 35 between the piston member 22 and the orifice member 34. The pressure of the working fluid supplied to the space 33 is set to a pressure P2 lower than the pressure P1 in normal filtration so that the pressing force of the working fluid on the piston member 22 is smaller than the biasing force of the elastic member 31. As a result, in the backwashing sliding member 3 connected to the base end of the backwashing pipe 4, at least the amount of deformation of the elastic member 31 gradually decreases and the biasing force of the elastic member 31 presses the piston member 22. It moves in the direction of the one end 2a side of the filter element 2 until it becomes equivalent to the pressure, and along with this, the piston member 22 provided at the other end of the backwashing pipe 4 also moves. Therefore, the pressure P2 of the working fluid supplied by the fluid supply means 6 is set so that a space 35 is formed between the piston member 22 and the orifice member 34 until the pressing force and the urging force become equal. It is done. By forming the space 35 in this manner, the orifice 34 b is opened, and the pressure of the backwash fluid flowing into the space 35 generates a force that pushes the piston member 22 toward the one end 5 a of the working cylinder 5. Can.

  When the space 35 is formed, since the drain chamber 12 having a pressure lower than the pressure of the fluid outlet 14 of the filtration chamber 10 is in communication with the space 35 of the working cylinder 5 via the orifice 34 b, the filtration in the filtration chamber 10 is performed. A part of the finished fluid is guided to the space 35 of the working cylinder 5 through the gap G of the backwashing sliding member 3 and the backwashing pipe 4, and to the drain chamber 12 via the orifice 34b as indicated by the broken line arrow C. By flowing out, the pressure in the space 35 is reduced. Since the space G, the gap G between the backwash pipe 4 and the backwashing sliding member 3 communicate with each other, the pressure in the gap G of the backwashing sliding member 3 is lower than the pressure outside the filter element 2. . Due to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside, an inward flow is generated from the outside of the filter element 2 toward the inside gap G as indicated by a dashed arrow D. Then, this inward flow is used as a backwash flow, and backwashing is performed to peel off the trapped material adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2.

  The trapped matter separated from the inner circumferential surface of the filter element 2 is carried by the backwash flow from the gap G of the backwashing sliding member 3 to the backwashing pipe 4, the space 35 of the working cylinder 5, and the orifice member 34. It flows into the drain chamber 12 as indicated by the broken line arrow C through the orifice 34b, and then is discharged to the outside from the drain port 15 as indicated by the broken line arrow E. Note that the pressure difference between the fluid inlet 13 and the fluid outlet 14 at the time of backwashing is, for example, about 10 to 100 kPa. However, it is not limited to this range, and it is designed with appropriate changes according to the target fluid to be filtered.

At the time of backwashing, the pressure P2 of the working fluid supplied by the fluid supply means 6 is changed until the pressing force of the working fluid against the piston member 22 and the urging force of the elastic member 31 become equal as described above. Not only is the space 35 formed so as to be formed between the member 22 and the orifice member 34, but after the space 35 is formed, the backwashing sliding member 3 is moved from the other end 2 b of the filter element 2 to one end. It is set to be able to move to the unit 2a. For example, assuming that the backwashing sliding member 3 is moved by the force applied in the axial direction with respect to the piston member 22 being transmitted through the backwashing pipe 4, it is supplied by the fluid supply means 6 The pressure P2 of the working fluid is such that the force that pushes the piston member 22 toward the other end 5b of the working cylinder 5 by the working fluid in the space 33 causes the piston member 22 to push the piston member 22 to one end of the working cylinder 5 by the backwash fluid in the space 35. It is set to be less than equal to the pressing force toward 5a. Thus, by setting the pressure P2 of the working fluid supplied by the fluid supply means 6, the backwashing sliding member 3 moves from the other end 2b of the filter element 2 to the one end 2a. If the pressure P2 of the working fluid supplied by the fluid supply means 6 is set excessively small relative to the pressure P _{B at} the fluid outlet 14 of the filtration chamber 10, the moving speed of the piston member 22 becomes faster, which is attributed to this. since backwash flow, such as dashed arrow D may become difficult to occur Te, the pressure P2 may be set as a proximity value of the pressure P _B.

  When the backwashing sliding member 3 moves from the other end 2b of the filter element 2 to the one end 2a, the outer peripheral portion 20 of the backwashing sliding member 3 is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2 and the filter element. 2 creates an inward flow (backwash flow) from the outside to the gap G in the backwashing sliding member 3 on the inside, and backwashing while removing the trapped material adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2 Do. In this way, backwashing is performed until the backwashing sliding member 3 reaches the one end 2 a of the filter element 2. At the time of backwashing, the target fluid which has flowed into the inside of the filter element 2 from the fluid inflow chamber 8 through the through hole 16 further passes through the fluid passage hole 21 of the backwashing sliding member 3, so the filter The filtration is performed not only on the other end 2b side of the element 2 than on the backwashing sliding member 3 but also on the one end 2a side of the filter element 2 than on the backwashing sliding member 3 Control the reduction of filtration efficiency.

  FIG. 6 shows the state when the filtration device is returned to the initial state. In this state, the backwashing sliding member 3 to which the base end of the backwashing pipe 4 is connected is located at the one end portion 2 a that is closer to the uppermost side inside the filter element 2, and The piston member 22 provided at the end is located at the uppermost end 5 a inside the working cylinder 5, leaving a space 33. Accordingly, since the orifice 34b of the orifice member 34 is not closed by the piston member 22, a part of the filtered fluid in the filtration chamber 10 flows into the gap G of the backwashing sliding member 3 and passes through the orifice 34b. Flow to the drain chamber 12 and the filtration efficiency of the filter element 2 is reduced. For this reason, it is necessary to return the filtration device to its initial state.

  Specifically, the pressure of the working fluid supplied from the fluid supply means 6 may be returned from the pressure P2 at the time of backwashing to the pressure P1 at the time of normal filtration. As a result, the piston member 22 is moved to the other end 5 b of the working cylinder 5, and a pressing force is applied to the piston member 22 so that the piston member 22 is in close contact with the orifice member 34. Along with this, the backwashing sliding member 3 also moves to the other end portion 2b that is closest to the lowermost side of the filter element 2 while performing backwashing by backwashing flow. As a result, the filtration device returns to the initial state, and the orifice 34 b is closed by the piston member 22. Thereafter, the target fluid is filtered by the filter element 2 as shown in FIG. 1, and the back washing of the filter element 2 is performed in parallel with the filtration at a predetermined timing.

  FIG. 7 shows a modification of the backwashing sliding member 3 in the first embodiment. In this modified example, the filter element 2 is disposed over the entire circumference along the outer circumferential portion 20a while avoiding the bolt 28 and the protruding portion 24 between the two disk-like members 3a and 3b constituting the sliding member 3 for backwashing. The brush 39 has a brush 39 which is in sliding contact with the inner circumferential surface of the lens. This brush 39 moves together when the backwashing sliding member 3 reciprocates in the axial direction inside the filter element 2 and scrapes off the trapped matter adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2. As shown in FIG. 7, brush bristles 39b are planted on the outer periphery of the channel ring 39a, which is called a ring brush. The channel ring 39 a is obtained by winding a channel material having a U-shaped cross section made of metal or the like into a ring shape having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the filter element 2. In the U-shaped recess on the outer periphery of the channel ring 39a, brush bristles 39b whose hair tips can be in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2 are planted in a ring shape. The length of the bristles of the bristles 39b needs to be such that at least the tip of the bristles 39b comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2 with a certain amount of pressure. The material of the brush bristles 39b may be any of those generally used as brush bristles, such as natural or synthetic fibers or metal wires such as steel, copper, and brass.

  The channel ring 39a is connected to the back surface 23 of the first disk-like member 3a by welding or the like, and thereby the brush 39 is attached to the backwashing sliding member 3. At this time, when the thickness of the channel ring 39a is H2, the predetermined protrusion amount H1 of the protrusion 24 is defined by the axial distance (H1-H2) between the second disk 3b and the channel ring 39a. At the inlet of the gap G, the backwashing flow is set to flow at a predetermined flow rate that can sufficiently separate the trapped matter adhering to the inner circumferential surface of the filter element 2.

  In addition, although the brush 39 which planted the brush hair 39b in the square-C-shaped recessed part of the outer periphery of the channel ring 39a was illustrated as a modification of the sliding member 3 for backwashing in 1st Embodiment, limitation to such a brush 39 However, it may be an annular body in which brush hairs can be implanted outwardly on the entire outer peripheral surface, such as a ring-shaped solid body. In addition, instead of the brush 39, if the outer peripheral member can be in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2 to remove the captured matter, for example, a metal or resin formed in a blade shape or a spatula shape A scraper or the like made of rubber or rubber may be used.

  By providing the brush 39 in the sliding member 3 for backwashing, when there is a large amount of highly adhesive dust or fibrous dust in the fluid to be filtered, the trapping adhered to the inner circumferential surface of the filter element 2 An object can be backwashed with an inward flow generated by a pressure difference between the inside and the outside at the gap G of the backwashing sliding member 3 while the object is scraped off by the brush 39.

  In FIG. 7, the brush 39 is provided on the back surface 23 of the first disk-like member 3a of the backwashing sliding member 3, but instead of or in addition to this, the first disk-like member At least at least one of the surface 40 not facing the second disk 3b, the surface 30 of the second disk 3b, and the back surface 41 facing the first disk 3a of the second disk 3b. One is to slidably contact the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2 over the entire circumference along the outer peripheral portion 20a or 20b while avoiding the bolt 28, the nut 29, the fluid passage holes 21a and 21b, and the protruding portion 24. , And a brush 39 may be provided (see FIG. 7B). In any case, the predetermined protrusion amount H1 of the protrusion 24 is such that the backwash flow flows at a predetermined flow velocity at the entrance of the gap G so that the trapped substance adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2 can be sufficiently separated. Set to

  When the brush 39 is provided on the surface 30 of the second disk-like member 3b, the brush 39 is provided on the outermost periphery avoiding the elastic member 31, but when there is no room in the installation area, the second disk-like The brush 39 may be first provided on the surface 30 of the member 3 b, and the elastic member 31 may be overlaid on the channel ring 39 a of the brush 39. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a spring 42 may be provided as an elastic member in place of the elastic member 31 after providing a brush 39 on the surface 30 of the second disk-shaped member 3 b. The spring 42 is disposed on the center side of the second disk-shaped member 3 b so as to be wound around the backwash pipe 4, and the other end of the backwash sliding member 3 that is closest to the lower side in the filter element 2. In the state of being positioned at the portion 2b, the second disk 3b presses the closing member 32 against the closing member 32 to generate a biasing force that biases the backwashing sliding member 3 toward the one end 2a of the filter element 2 . In this way, by using the spring 42 instead of the elastic member 31, the reverse is achieved in the filter element 2 as compared with the case where the elastic member 31 and the brush 39 are overlapped in the axial direction on the surface 30 of the second disk-shaped member 3b. The range in which the backwashing by the sliding member 3 for washing is performed can be expanded a little. The modified example of the backwashing sliding member 3 provided with the brush 39 can also be applied to a second embodiment described later.

  According to the filtration device of the first embodiment, when the backwashing is performed, the backwashing flow including the trapped matter separated from the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2 without closing the orifice 34b by the piston member 22 is performed. When the backwashing is not performed, the orifice 34b is closed by the piston member 22 so as to be filtered by the filter element 2 through the orifice 34b. Since the filtered fluid stops flowing out of the backwash flow from the working cylinder 5 to the drain chamber 12 as a backwash flow so that the filtration efficiency by the filter element 2 is not lowered, the on-off valve of the drain port 15 is omitted. It is possible to miniaturize.

  FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the filtration device according to the second embodiment. In addition, about the structure similar to the filtration apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted as much as possible.

  The filtration device includes a fluid inflow chamber 8 in which a target fluid flows from the outside, a filtration chamber 10 that filters the target fluid inflowing from the fluid inflow chamber 8 and flows out to the outside, and trapped matter by filtration of the filtration chamber 10 Inside the casing 1 having a drain chamber 12 for discharging the air to the outside, in the sealed space, the filter element 2 in the first embodiment, the sliding member 3 for backwashing, the pipe 4 for backwashing, A plurality of unit filtration units 43 in which the working cylinder 5 and the fluid supply means 6 are combined together are arranged in parallel.

  In FIG. 9, a casing 1 forms an outer shell of a filtration device, and is formed in a cylindrical shape (for example, a cylindrical shape) with a bottom and a lid, and a rectangular solid shape, and has a sealed space inside. FIG. 9 shows an example in which it is formed in a vertical cylindrical shape having a larger diameter than that shown in FIG. The interior of the casing 1 is divided into three chambers by a first partition plate 7a, a second partition plate 7b, an end plate 9 and an end plate 11 disposed in the middle in the vertical direction. Between the first partition plate 7a and the second partition plate 7b, as shown by arrow A, there is a fluid inflow chamber 8 into which the target fluid flows from the outside, and the second partition plate 7b and the end plate of the one end portion 1a 9 has a filtration chamber 10 for filtering the target fluid flowing in from the fluid inflow chamber 8 and flowing it out as indicated by an arrow B. The first partition plate 7a and the end plate 11 of the other end 1b In the meantime, a drain chamber 12 for discharging the trapped substance by filtration in the filtration chamber 10 to the outside is provided. In FIG. 9, reference numeral S denotes a mounting bracket for mounting the filter element 2 to the second partition plate 7b.

  A fluid inlet 13 is provided in a part of the fluid inflow chamber 8, and a fluid supply pipe (not shown) is connected to the fluid inlet 13. A fluid outlet 14 is provided in a part of the filtration chamber 10, and a filtration fluid discharge pipe (not shown) is connected to the fluid outlet 14. Further, a drain port 15 is provided in a part of the drain chamber 12, and a captured matter discharge pipe (not shown) is connected to the drain port 15. Reference numeral 19 denotes a steady plate provided near the end plate 9 of the one end 1 a of the casing 1. The fluid supply means 6 of each unit filtration unit 43 is composed of a pump, piping, etc. (not shown) for supplying the working fluid to the working cylinder 5 although not shown.

  Also in the configuration of the filtration device according to the second embodiment as described above, the pressure at the fluid outlet 14 from the filtration chamber 10 is higher than the normal pressure (for example, atmospheric pressure), similarly to the filtration device according to the first embodiment. In addition, the pressure of the fluid inlet 13 to the fluid inflow chamber 8 is made higher than the pressure of the fluid outlet 14. In order to make the pressure of the fluid outlet 14 higher than the normal pressure, the piping resistance on the fluid outlet 14 side may be increased. The drain port 15 of the drain chamber 12 is not provided with an on-off valve, and the inside of the drain chamber 12 is always kept at a pressure lower than the pressure of the fluid outlet 14 (for example, release to the atmosphere). In this state, by opening the orifice 34 b closed by the piston member 22, the filter element 2 is backwashed in parallel with the filtration by the filter element 2. Thus, the amount of filtration processing can be increased by arranging a plurality of unit filtration units 43 in parallel inside the large-diameter casing 1.

  By the way, since the fluid for backwashing in the filtration device in this embodiment is a part of the filtered fluid filtered by the filter element 2, carrying out the backwashing means that a portion of the filtered fluid is discarded. Become. Therefore, for example, when the filter elements 2 are backwashed simultaneously in ten unit filtration units 43, a large amount of filtered fluid is temporarily discharged to the outside as backwash fluid. Therefore, for example, a large amount of filtered fluid is temporarily output as the backwash fluid by dividing the unit filtration unit 43 into 10 or more groups and performing backwashing at different timings for each group. To prevent spillage.

  According to the filtration apparatus of the second embodiment, when the unit filtration units 43 divided into a plurality of groups are backwashed at different timings for each group, the drain chamber 12 is provided for each group, Since it is not necessary to provide an on-off valve for the drain port 15 of the chamber 12, the merit of downsizing can be increased more than or equal to that of the filtration device according to the first embodiment.

    FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the filtration device according to the third embodiment. Comparing the first embodiment and the third embodiment, in the filtering device according to the first embodiment, the fluid inflow chamber 8, the filtration chamber 10 and the drain chamber 12 are mainly the fluid inflow chamber 8 in the casing 1. In the filtration device according to the third embodiment, in the casing 101, the fluid inflow chamber 8, the filtration chamber 10, and the drain chamber 12 are arranged in series around the filtration chamber 10. It differs in that it is done.

  The inside of the casing 101 is divided into three chambers by a first partition plate 102a and a second partition plate 102b arranged at two places in the middle in the longitudinal direction. Between the first partition plate 102a and the end plate 9 of the one end 101a, there is a fluid inflow chamber 8 into which the target fluid flows from the outside, and between the first partition plate 102a and the second partition plate 102b. Has a filtration chamber 10 for filtering the target fluid flowing in from the fluid inflow chamber 8 and letting it flow out to the outside, and between the second partition plate 102 b and the end plate 11 of the other end 101 b It has a drain chamber 12 for discharging the trapped matter by filtration to the outside. A fluid inlet 13 is provided in a part of the fluid inflow chamber 8, a fluid outlet 14 is provided in a part of the filtration chamber 10, and a drain port 15 is provided in a part of the drain chamber 12. At the center of the first partition plate 102a, for example, a circular through-hole 103 that connects the fluid inflow chamber 8 and the filtration chamber 10 is formed.

  The filter element 2 has one end 2a located on the fluid inflow chamber 8 side connected to the through hole 103 of the first partition plate 102a and opened, and the other end 2b located on the drain chamber 12 side is second Is coupled to the partition plate 102b of the Also, the backwashing sliding member 104 does not have the fluid passage hole 21 in the backwashing sliding member 3 of the first embodiment, and the whole of the working cylinder 5 is disposed inside the drain chamber 12 It is done.

  Also in the configuration of the filtration device according to the third embodiment, the pressure at the fluid outlet 14 from the filtration chamber 10 is made higher than the normal pressure (for example, atmospheric pressure), similarly to the filtration device according to the first embodiment. At the same time, the pressure of the fluid inlet 13 to the fluid inflow chamber 8 is made higher than the pressure of the fluid outlet 14. The drain port 15 of the drain chamber 12 is not provided with an opening / closing valve, and the inside of the drain chamber 12 is always kept at a pressure lower than the pressure of the fluid outlet 14 (for example, atmospheric release).

  Next, operation | movement of the filtration apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIG.10, FIG11 and FIG.12. Although there is a difference in the configuration of the filtration device between the first embodiment and the third embodiment, the operation of the filtration device according to the third embodiment is substantially the same as the operation of the filtration device according to the first embodiment Because there is, to simplify the explanation as much as possible.

  FIG. 10 shows the state of the filtration device during normal filtration. During normal filtration, as shown in FIG. 10, the external target fluid is allowed to flow into the fluid inflow chamber 8 from the fluid inlet 13 of the casing 101 as shown by arrow A, and then the filtration chamber 10 is Filtration is performed by flowing into the inside of the filter element 2 and passing it from the inside to the outside of the filter element 2. The filtered fluid in the filtration chamber 10 flows out to the outside through the fluid outlet 14, but the piston member 22 closes the orifice 34b with the working fluid having the pressure P1 supplied by the fluid supply means 6, so that the reverse It does not flow out from the gap G of the washing sliding member 104 into the drain chamber 12 through the orifice 34b.

  FIG. 11 shows the state of the filtration device at the time of backwashing. At the time of backwashing, the target fluid is allowed to flow in from the fluid inlet 13 as shown by the solid arrow A, and the filtered fluid is allowed to flow out from the fluid outlet 14 as the solid arrow B, as in normal filtration. Is being filtered.

  When the backwashing is started, the fluid supply means 6 sets the pressure of the working fluid supplied to the space 33 of the working cylinder 5 to a pressure P2 lower than the pressure P1 at the time of normal filtration, and the piston of the biasing force of the elastic member 31 A space 35 is formed between the piston member 22 and the orifice member 34 by reducing the pressing force of the working fluid against the member 22. A part of the filtered fluid in the filtration chamber 10 flows into the space 35, and the fluid that flows in flows out into the drain chamber 12 through the orifice 34b, so that a pressure difference is generated between the gap G and the outside of the filter element 2. Will occur. The inward flow (broken line arrow D) generated by this pressure difference is used as a backwash flow to separate the trapped matter adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2. The separated trapped material flows back to the drain chamber 12 as indicated by the broken arrow C together with the backwashing flow, and thereafter, is discharged to the outside through the drain port 15 as indicated by the broken arrow E. Further, the pressure difference between the pressure of the working fluid in the space 33 and the pressure of the backwashing fluid in the space 35 moves the piston member 22 toward the one end 5 a of the working cylinder 5, so the backwashing sliding member 104 also The inside of the filter element 2 is moved toward the one end 2a.

  During backwashing, filtration by the filter element 2 is not efficiently performed on the other end 2b side of the filter element 2 below the sliding member for backwashing 104, but the first embodiment described above By providing the fluid passage hole 21 as in the backwashing sliding member 3 in the embodiment (see FIG. 1 and the like), the target fluid is made to flow into the lower side of the backwashing sliding member 104 to improve the filtration efficiency. You may

  FIG. 12 shows the state when the filtration device is returned to the initial state. In this state, since the backwashing sliding member 104 closes the through hole 103 of the first partition plate 102 a, the target fluid passes through the through hole 103 as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. It becomes difficult to flow into the filter element 2, and not only filtration by the filter element 2 but also backwashing cannot be performed. Therefore, by returning the pressure of the working fluid supplied from the fluid supply means 6 from the pressure P2 to the pressure P1 at the time of normal filtration, the piston member 22 is moved to the other end 5b of the working cylinder 5, thereby backwashing The sliding member 3 is moved to the other end 2b that is closest to the lowermost side of the filter element 2 to return the filtration device to the initial state.

  According to the filtration device according to the third embodiment, even if the arrangement of the fluid inflow chamber 8 and the filtration chamber 10 is changed with respect to the first embodiment, as in the first embodiment, when backwashing is performed. The backwash flow containing the trapped material separated from the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2 is allowed to flow out from the working cylinder 5 to the drain chamber 12 through the orifice 34b without closing the orifice 34b with the piston member 22. On the other hand, when the backwashing is not performed, the orifice 34b is closed by the piston member 22 so that the filtered fluid filtered by the filter element 2 backwashes from the working cylinder 5 to the drain chamber 12 as a backwashing flow. Since the outflow of the flow is stopped so that the filtration efficiency by the filter element 2 is not lowered, it is possible to reduce the size by omitting the on-off valve of the drain port 15. To become.

  FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the filtration device according to the fourth embodiment. The filtration device includes a fluid inflow chamber 8 in which a target fluid flows from the outside, a filtration chamber 10 that filters the target fluid inflowing from the fluid inflow chamber 8 and flows out to the outside, and trapped matter by filtration of the filtration chamber 10 In the casing 101 having the drain chamber 12 for discharging the air to the outside in the sealed space, the filter element 2 in the third embodiment, the backwashing sliding member 104, the backwashing pipe 4, A plurality of unit filtration units 44 in which the working cylinder 5 and the fluid supply means 6 are integrally combined are arranged in parallel to increase the throughput of filtration.

  In FIG. 13, the inside of the casing 101 is partitioned into three chambers by a first partition plate 102 a, a second partition plate 102 b, an end plate 9, and an end plate 11 arranged in the middle in the vertical direction. Between the first partition plate 102a and the end plate 9 of the one end portion 101a, there is a fluid inflow chamber 8 into which the target fluid flows from the outside as shown by arrow A, and the first partition plate 102a and the second partition plate A filter chamber 10 for filtering the target fluid flowing in from the fluid inflow chamber 8 between the second partition plate 102b and the end plate 11 of the other end portion 101b; Between the drain chamber 12 and the drain chamber 12 for discharging the trapped matter of the filtration chamber 10 to the outside. A fluid inlet 13 is provided in a part of the fluid inflow chamber 8, a fluid outlet 14 is provided in a part of the filtration chamber 10, and a drain port 15 is provided in a part of the drain chamber 12. In FIG. 13, symbol S indicates a mounting bracket for mounting the filter element 2 to the second partition plate 102b.

  Also in the configuration of the filtration device according to the fourth embodiment as described above, the pressure at the fluid outlet 14 from the filtration chamber 10 is higher than the normal pressure (for example, atmospheric pressure), similarly to the filtration device according to the third embodiment. In addition, the pressure of the fluid inlet 13 to the fluid inflow chamber 8 is made higher than the pressure of the fluid outlet 14. The drain port 15 of the drain chamber 12 is not provided with an opening / closing valve, and the inside of the drain chamber 12 is always kept at a pressure lower than the pressure of the fluid outlet 14 (for example, atmospheric release). In this state, by opening the orifice 34 b closed by the piston member 22, the filter element 2 is backwashed in parallel with the filtration by the filter element 2. As for the timing of performing backwashing, in order to prevent the filtered fluid in the filtration chamber 10 from temporarily and largely flowing out as the backwashing fluid as in the second embodiment, for example, 10 unit filtration units 44 is divided into a plurality of groups including one or more, and backwashing is performed at different timings for each group.

  According to the filtration device of the fourth embodiment, when the unit filtration units 44 divided into a plurality of groups are backwashed at different timings for each group, the drain chamber 12 is provided for each group, Since it is not necessary to provide an on-off valve for the drain port 15 of the chamber 12, the merit of downsizing can be increased more than or equal to that of the filtration device according to the third embodiment.

  In the first to fourth embodiments described above, as shown in FIG. 1 and the like, in the case where the orifice 34 b is closed by the close contact between the closed portion 34 a of the orifice member 34 and the piston member 22, FIG. Since the backwash flow flowing into the space 35 includes a trapped material separated from the inner peripheral surface of the filter element 2, the trapped material is sandwiched between the closed portion 34 a and the piston member 22, and the orifice It may not be possible to close 34b. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14, the orifice member 34 is formed with a conical or truncated conical plug 34c whose diameter decreases toward the inside of the working cylinder 5 with the closing portion 34a as a base end. The inclined outer peripheral surface of the plug 34c is fitted on the entire periphery of the edge of the opening 45 of the piston member 22 (or the opening of the backwashing pipe 4) provided at the other end of the backwashing pipe 4 You may do so. As a result, the opening 45 of the piston member 22 is closed and the backwash flow is shut off in a state where the piston member 22 is separated from the closing portion 34a of the orifice member 34, so that trapped matter remains in the space 35. It is possible to maintain the closing performance of the orifice 34b by the piston member 22. However, with regard to the shape of the plug 34c, when the fitting force between the plug 34c and the opening 45 of the piston member 22 reduces the pressure in the space 33 of the working cylinder 5 from P1 to P2 when starting backwashing, It is set so as not to become too large compared to the biasing force of the elastic member 31.

  In the first and second embodiments described above, when the pressure in the space 33 in the working cylinder 5 is reduced from P1 to P2 when backwashing is started, between the piston member 22 and the orifice member 34 In order to form the space 35, the urging force of the elastic member 31 or the spring 42 is used. However, as shown in FIG. 1, when the target fluid passing through the through hole 16 from the fluid inflow chamber 8 collides with the backwashing slide member 3, the backwashing slide member 3 is one end inside the filter element 2. If it can move to the part 2a side, the piston member 22 is also separated from the orifice member 34 and the space 35 is formed. In this case, the elastic member 31 and the spring 42 may be omitted.

  Although the brush 39 and the scraper formed in the shape of a blade or a spatula are shown as the backwashing sliding member 3 in the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the second to fourth embodiments have been described. The present invention is also applicable to the backwashing sliding member 104 in the embodiment. In the filtration device, for convenience, the fluid inflow chamber 8, the filtration chamber 10, and the drain chamber 12 are described as being arranged in series in the vertical direction. It can apply.

  In the first to fourth embodiments described above, the backwashing sliding member 3 and 104 have the same predetermined thickness as the first disk-like member 3a of the predetermined thickness as shown in FIGS. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the thickness of the combined thickness of the first disk-shaped member 3a and the second disk-shaped member 3b is not limited to this. Two disc-like members are formed, and a radial arrangement gap (or slit, hole, etc.) is generated in which the inward flow occurs due to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filter element 2 within the width of the thickness. It may be configured to communicate with the pipe 4.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,101 ... Casing, 2 ... Filter element, 2a ... One end part, 2b ... Other end part, 3,104 ... Backwash sliding member, 4 ... Backwash pipe, 5 ... Actuation cylinder, 5a ... One end part, 5 ... Other end, 6 ... Fluid supply means, 8 ... Fluid inflow chamber, 10 ... Filtration chamber, 12 ... Drain chamber, 13 ... Fluid inlet, 14 ... Fluid outlet, 15 ... Drain port, 20 ... Backwash slide Peripheral part of member, 21 ... Fluid passage hole of sliding member for backwashing, 22 ... Piston member, 27 ... Coupling hole, 31 ... Elastic member, 34 ... Orifice member, 34a ... Closure part, 34b ... Orifice, 39 ... Brush 42 ... Spring, G ... Gap between sliding members for backwashing

Claims (3)

A fluid inflow chamber in which a target fluid flows from the outside, a filter chamber that filters the target fluid inflowing from the fluid flow chamber and that discharges the fluid to the outside, and a drain chamber that discharges trapped matter by filtration of the filter chamber to the outside; A casing which is arranged in series around the fluid inflow chamber and has a sealed space;
A cylindrical filter element provided inside the filtration chamber, closed at one end and opened at the other end located on the fluid inflow chamber side, for passing and filtering the target fluid from the inside to the outside When,
An outer peripheral portion that reciprocally moves in the axial direction inside the filter element and slidably contacts the inner peripheral surface of the filter element, and a gap extending inward from the outer peripheral portion. The trapped material adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter element is peeled off by an inward flow generated toward the gap, and penetrates from the one end side to the other end side of the filter element. A backwashing sliding member having a fluid passage hole;
A backwash pipe connected to one side surface of the backwash sliding member to communicate with the gap and provided with a piston member at the other end to guide the inward flow toward the drain chamber; ,
The piston member is fitted inside the filter element so that the piston member can be reciprocated from one end portion, and the back washing sliding member is reciprocated inside the filter element, and the other end portion extends to the drain chamber. An actuation cylinder that receives inward flow;
An orifice communicating the inside of the working cylinder with the drain chamber is formed in the closing portion closing the opening of the other end of the working cylinder so that the orifice can be closed by the piston member, and the inside received by the working cylinder An orifice member capable of flowing a flow through the orifice to the drain chamber;
A fluid supply means for supplying a working fluid into the working cylinder in order to make the piston member fitted in the working cylinder reciprocally move within the working cylinder;
Elasticity that is provided on the one side surface of the backwashing sliding member and elastically deforms by contact with a fixed object located on the other end side of the filter element in a state where the piston member closes the orifice. Members,
Equipped with
The pressure at the fluid outlet from the filtration chamber is higher than normal pressure, and the pressure at the fluid inlet to the fluid inlet chamber is higher than the pressure at the fluid outlet, and the pressure at the drain port of the drain chamber Is set lower than the pressure at the fluid outlet so that backwashing can be performed without the piston member closing the orifice. A fluid inflow chamber in which a target fluid flows from the outside, a filter chamber that filters the target fluid inflowing from the fluid flow chamber and that discharges the fluid to the outside, and a drain chamber that discharges trapped matter by filtration of the filter chamber to the outside; A casing which is arranged in series around the filtration chamber and has inside a sealed space;
Provided inside the filtration chamber, one end portion located on the fluid inflow chamber side is opened and the other end portion located on the drain chamber side is closed to allow the target fluid to pass from the inside to the outside. A cylindrical filter element for filtering;
An outer peripheral portion that reciprocally moves in the axial direction inside the filter element and slidably contacts the inner peripheral surface of the filter element, and a gap extending inward from the outer peripheral portion. A backwashing sliding member for releasing the trapped matter adhering to the inner circumferential surface of the filter element by the inward flow generated from the air into the gap;
A backwash pipe connected to one side surface of the backwash sliding member to communicate with the gap and provided with a piston member at the other end to guide the inward flow toward the drain chamber; ,
It is disposed inside the drain chamber, and the piston member is fitted therein so as to be able to reciprocate from one end to reciprocate the backwashing sliding member inside the filter element, from the backwashing pipe to the inside. An actuating cylinder that receives a flow of direction,
An orifice communicating the inside of the working cylinder with the drain chamber is formed in the closing portion closing the opening of the other end of the working cylinder so that the orifice can be closed by the piston member, and the inward facing received in the working cylinder An orifice member capable of flowing into the drain chamber through the orifice;
Elasticity that is provided on the one side surface of the backwashing sliding member and elastically deforms by contact with a fixed object located on the other end side of the filter element in a state where the piston member closes the orifice. Members,
A fluid supply means for supplying a working fluid into the working cylinder in order to make the piston member fitted in the working cylinder reciprocally move within the working cylinder;
Equipped with
The pressure at the fluid outlet from the filtration chamber is higher than normal pressure, and the pressure at the fluid inlet to the fluid inlet chamber is higher than the pressure at the fluid outlet, and the pressure at the drain port of the drain chamber Is set lower than the pressure at the fluid outlet so that backwashing can be performed without the piston member closing the orifice. The sliding member for backwashing includes a scraper formed in a brush shape or a blade shape or a spatula shape that is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the filter element along the outer peripheral portion in the gap. The filtration device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that.