JP6524845B2 - Three-dimensional modeling device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional modeling apparatus.

  As a three-dimensional modeling apparatus (three-dimensional modeling apparatus) that models a three-dimensional model (three-dimensional model), for example, one that models by a layered modeling method is known. This forms a three-dimensional object by laminating a layered object (hereinafter, also referred to as "the forming layer").

  Conventionally, a three-dimensional object is formed by discharging an uncured resin in a molten state from a head into a cooling liquid (curing liquid) such as water or oil in a container to cool and solidify the uncured resin. It is known (patent document 1).

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 08-20073

  By the way, when non-hardened resin is discharged on the surface of the hardening liquid stored in the container, the liquid level of the hardening liquid tends to shake, the landing position accuracy of the unhardened resin decreases, and the accuracy of the three-dimensional object There is a problem that it is necessary to wait for shaping until the liquid level which is lowered or shaken becomes stable, and it takes time for shaping.

  This invention is made in view of said subject, and it aims at improving the precision of a three-dimensional model.

In order to solve said subject, the three-dimensional model | molding apparatus which concerns on Claim 1 of this invention is
It is a three-dimensional shaping apparatus which forms a three-dimensional shaped object by laminating a layered shaped object,
A means for forming a liquid curing material layer, supplying a modeling material to the curing material layer, and forming the layered shaped object in which the modeling material is solidified with the curing material of the curing material layer;
In the shaping tank in which the liquid curing material is contained,
After lowering the forming stage on which the three-dimensional object is formed and immersing the surface of the forming stage or the surface of the layered object in the liquid curing material,
The shaping stage is raised to bring out the surface of the shaping stage or the surface of the layered shaped article from the inside of the liquid curing material, and the thin film-like curing material layer is formed on the surface of the shaping stage or the surface of the layered shaped article It was set as the structure to form .

  According to the present invention, the accuracy of a three-dimensional object can be improved.

It is a typical explanatory view of the solid modeling device concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the three-dimensional model | molding apparatus based on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the three-dimensional model | molding apparatus based on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the three-dimensional model | molding apparatus based on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the three-dimensional model | molding apparatus based on 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical explanatory view of the solid modeling device concerning a 6th embodiment of the present invention. It is an explanatory view in which it uses for operation explanation of a support part in each embodiment. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view serving to explain another support unit, It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the three-dimensional model | molding apparatus based on 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the three-dimensional model | molding apparatus which concerns on 8th Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the three-dimensional model | molding apparatus based on 9th Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical explanatory view given to explanation of a formation process of a hardening material layer in a solid modeling device concerning a 10th embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a schematic explanatory view to be used for explaining a process following FIG. 12 as well. FIG. 14 is a schematic explanatory view to be used for explaining the process following FIG. 13 as well.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the same embodiment.

  The three-dimensional shaping apparatus includes a shaping tank 101 in which a three-dimensional shaped object 108 is shaped. In the modeling tank 101, a modeling stage 104 on which a three-dimensional model (laminated model) 108 is modeled is arranged to be movable up and down. The modeling stage 104 is moved up and down by an actuator 103 disposed outside the modeling tank 101.

  Above the modeling tank 101, a curing material supply means 113, a modeling material supply means 106, and a support material supply means 112 are disposed.

  The curing material supply means 113 is a means for dropping and supplying a liquid curing material (including a curing agent) 102. The modeling material supply means 106 discharges and supplies the modeling material (including the modeling agent) 107 solidified by the curing material 102. The support material supply means 112 is a means for discharging and supplying a support material (including a support agent) 110 which is solidified by the curing material 102.

  The liquid curing material 102 is supplied to the surface of the molding stage 104 or the surface of the existing molding layer 108 a by the curing material supply means 113 by dropping the liquid curing material 102, or the liquid curing material 102 is the surface of the molding stage 104, or The hardening material layer 102a which is wetted and spread on the surface of the existing shaped layer 108a is formed.

  That is, the curing material supply means 113 constitutes a means for supplying a liquid curing material.

  By discharging the modeling material 107 to the required position of the curing material layer 102 a by the modeling material supply means 106, the modeling material 107 is solidified by the curing material 102 of the curing material layer 102 a, and the modeling layer 108 a which is a layered shaped object is It is formed.

  That is, the modeling material supply means 106 constitutes a means for supplying the modeling material to the liquid curing material layer. In the present embodiment, the temperature of the curing material 102 (the modeling material layer 102a) is lower than the solidification point of the modeling material 107, and the modeling material 107 is cooled and solidified by the curing material 102 by landing on the curing material layer 102a. Layer 108a is formed.

  By discharging the support material 110 to the required position of the curing material layer 102a by the support material supply means 112, the support material 110 is solidified by the curing material 102 of the curing material layer 102a, and a layered support layer 111a is formed. .

  That is, the support material supply means 112 constitutes a means for supplying the support material to the curing material layer. In the present embodiment, the temperature of the curing material 102 (the modeling material layer 102a) is lower than the solidification point of the support material 110, and the support material 110 is cooled and solidified by the curing material 102 by landing on the curing material layer 102a. The layer 111a is formed.

  In the present embodiment, the support material 110 is supplied by the support material supply means 112 to form the support layer 111a, and the support portion 111 supporting the overhanging portion of the modeling layer 108a with the support layer 111a, or a three-dimensional object to be modeled A support portion 111 is formed to comprehensively support 108.

  Here, the curing material supply means 113, the modeling material supply means 106, and the support material supply means 112 are held by the drive shaft member 121 disposed in the direction along the surface of the modeling stage 104 of the modeling tank 101.

  Then, as the drive shaft member 121 is rotationally driven by the actuator 105, the curing material supply means 113, the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 are reciprocated along the surface of the modeling stage 104. In addition, the movement scanning mechanism of the hardening material supply means 113, the modeling material supply means 106, and the support material supply means 112 is not restricted to this.

  Up and down movement of the forming stage 104 by the actuator 103, reciprocal movement of the curing material supply means 113, the shaping material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 by the actuator 105, supply control of the curing material 102 by the curing material supply means 113, formation material supplying means Control of supply of the modeling material 107 by 106, control of supply of the support material 110 by the support material supply means 112, and the like are performed by the control device 109.

  Moreover, the hardening material supply means 113 is arrange | positioned on both sides on both sides of the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112. As shown in FIG.

  Thus, the hardening material 102 can be supplied prior to the supply of the forming material 107 by the forming material supply means 106 when the forming material supply means 106 moves in any direction.

  In addition, the hardening material supply means 113 can be comprised by what arranged the dispenser in 1 row, a liquid discharge head, etc. FIG. Alternatively, the brush-like tip for supplying the curing material 102 may be applied to the surface while being in contact with the shaping layer 108 a.

  In addition, the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 can be configured by a liquid discharge head or a dispenser. Moreover, when using a liquid discharge head, the different nozzle row arrange | positioned at the same head can be used as the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112, respectively.

  Here, the curing material 102 has a property of cooling and solidifying and curing the forming material 107, and the forming material 107 cured by the curing material 102 has a property of softening due to a phase change. Preferably, the curing material 102 is a coagulating material that cools and solidifies the forming material 107 to a temperature below the solidification point of the modeling material 107, and the forming material 107 solidified by the curing material 102 is softened by a temperature rise.

  A liquid in which the concentration is adjusted so that the solidification point is lower than the solidification point of the shaping material 107 and the temperature is controlled to be lower than the solidification point of the formation material 107 and controlled higher than the solidification point of the hardening material 102 For example, cooled glycerol aqueous solution can be used. Moreover, as the hardening material 102, a liquid whose boiling point is lower than the freezing point of the modeling material 107, for example, liquid nitrogen can be used. In addition, a gas whose temperature is lower than the solidification point of the modeling material 107, for example, carbon dioxide gas for cooling can be used.

  In other words, when the melting point or glass transition temperature of the three-dimensional object is the temperature T [° C.], the temperature T is lower than the use environment temperature of the forming environment or the three-dimensional object, and the curing material is at the temperature T or lower It is a substance whose cooled freezing point is lower than the temperature T or a substance whose boiling point is lower than the temperature T.

  The support material 110 has the property of being cooled and solidified by the curing material 102, and uses physical properties that can be separated from the three-dimensional object 108. For example, if the three-dimensional object 108 is a member that does not dissolve in water, alcohol, etc., the support material 110 uses a member that dissolves in water, alcohol, etc., and a member containing a release material that can be separated by applying physical force. Do.

  As the support material 110, a member whose melting point is lower than the melting point or the glass transition temperature of the three-dimensional structure 108a can be used. Thus, by heating at the melting point temperature of the support material 110, only the support layer 111a can be easily removed.

  For example, by using water or a liquid containing water as the main component as the support material 110, the support layer 111a can be melted away by applying heating of several degrees Celsius.

  Next, the modeling operation by this three-dimensional modeling apparatus will be described.

  When modeling is performed with this apparatus, the curing material 102 is dropped on the surface of the modeling stage 104 by the curing material supply means 113, and the thin film-like curing material layer 102a in which the curing material 102 is wet and spread is formed on the surface of the modeling stage 104. .

  And the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 are moved, and the modeling material 107 or the support material 110 is discharged and supplied to the required position of the hardening material layer 102a.

  The shaping material 107 discharged and landed at a desired position of the curing material layer 102a is solidified (cooled and solidified) immediately by the curing material 102, whereby a modeling layer 108a having a target shape is formed. Similarly, the support material 110 discharged and landed at a desired position of the curing material layer 102a is solidified (cooled and solidified) immediately by the curing material 102, whereby a support layer 111a having a target shape is formed.

  As a result, the first shaping layer 108 a and the support layer 111 a are formed on the surface of the shaping stage 104.

  Thereafter, the curing material 102 is dropped on the surface of the first shaping layer 108a and the support layer 111a by the curing material supply means 113, and the curing material layer 102a is formed on the surface of the first shaping layer 108a and the support layer 111a. Form.

  Then, similarly to the first layer, the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 are moved to discharge and supply the modeling material 107 or the support material 110 to the required position of the curing material layer 102a. The eye shaping layer 108 a and the support layer 111 a are formed.

  While repeating this operation, the three-dimensional object 108 in which the modeling layer 108a is stacked on the modeling stage 104 is modeled, and the support portion 111 in which the support layer 111a is stacked is formed.

  The formation data forming the formation layer 108a is given to the control device 109 as slice data obtained by slicing the three-dimensional object 108 to be formed, and the control device 109 controls the position and supply (discharge) of the formation material supply means 106 according to the formation data. By doing this, the shaping layer 108a according to the shaping data is formed.

  The modeling data for forming the support layer 111a is also given as slice data in the same manner as the modeling data of the modeling layer 108a, and the control device 109 controls the position and supply of the support material supply means 112 to form the support layer 111a. Ru.

  In this manner, a liquid hardening material layer is formed, and a modeling material solidified with the hardening material is supplied to the liquid hardening material layer to form a layered object, thereby forming a three-dimensional object with high accuracy. be able to.

  In addition, when the curing material layer is formed and the modeling material is discharged (supplied) to the curing material layer, the boiling point of the curing material is equal to or lower than the temperature of the modeling material (a condition in which rapid boiling occurs) Also, since the thickness of the hardening material layer (the thickness of the liquid film) is thin, rapid boiling does not occur. Also in this respect, the accuracy of the layered object can be enhanced, and a three-dimensional object with high accuracy can be formed.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, the modeling stage 104 is provided with an ultrasonic transducer 122 which is a means for applying a vibration to the hardened material layer 102 a. The ultrasonic transducer 122 is driven by the control device 109. By driving the ultrasonic transducer 122, vibration can be applied to the hardened material layer 102a through the modeling stage 104.

  The ultrasonic vibrator 122 is operated to apply ultrasonic vibration to the curing material layer 102 a on the modeling stage 104 to generate fine air bubbles in the curing material layer 102 a.

  Thus, when the build material 107 lands on the hardening material 102 having a low boiling point, the hardening material layer 102a is unlikely to be overheated, and rapid boiling can be prevented.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 are held by the drive shaft member 121 as in the first embodiment.

  On the other hand, the hardening material supply means 113 is held by the drive shaft member 123 disposed in a direction along the surface of the modeling stage 104 of the modeling tank 101, and is reciprocated by the driving shaft member 123 being rotationally driven by the actuator 115. Ru. The actuator 115 is driven and controlled by the controller 109. That is, the curing material supply means 113 can be moved independently of the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112.

  In this apparatus, the actuator 115 is driven to move the curing material supply means 113 to a required position, and the curing material supply means 113 cures the surface of the modeling stage 104 or the surfaces of the modeling layer 108a and the support layer 111a. The material 102 is dropped to form the curing material layer 112 a.

  Then, the actuator 105 is driven and controlled to move the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 to a required position, and the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 on the surface of the modeling stage 104 or the modeling layer The shaping material 107 and the support material 110 are supplied to the hardened material layer 112 a on the surface of the support layer 108 a and the support layer 111 a.

  For example, the home position of the curing material supply means 113 is the left end of FIG. 3, and the home positions of the forming material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 are the right end of FIG. After reciprocating the curing material supply means 113 to the right and left, the shaping material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 are reciprocated to the left and right.

  The shaping material 107 supplied to the desired position of the curing material layer 102a is immediately solidified (cooled and solidified) by the curing material 102 to form the shaping layer 108a of the target shape. Similarly, the support material 110 supplied to the desired position of the curing material layer 102a is immediately solidified (cooled and solidified) by the curing material 102 to form a support layer 111a of a target shape.

  Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, the modeling stage 104 is fixed to the modeling tank 101.

  On the other hand, the actuator 105 is held by the drive shaft member 124 disposed in the vertical direction, and the drive shaft member 124 is moved up and down (moved in the height direction) by being rotationally driven by the actuator 116. As the actuator 105 moves up and down, the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 move up and down with respect to the modeling stage 104.

  Further, the actuator 105 is provided with a curing material supply means 113 for supplying the curing material 102 in the direction along the surface of the shaping layer 108a. As a result, as the actuator 105 moves up and down, the curing material supply means 113 also moves up and down in conjunction with the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112.

  Also, by supplying the curing material 102 from the direction along the surface of the shaping layer 108a, the curing material 102 is easily layered (thinned) on the surface of the shaping stage 104 or the surfaces of the shaping layer 108a and the support layer 111a. .

  When modeling is performed with this apparatus, the actuator 115 is driven to move the curing material supply means 113 to a required position, and the curing material supply means 113 moves on the surface of the modeling stage 104 (first layer) or the modeling layer 108a. And the hardening material 102 is supplied on the surface (2nd layer or subsequent ones) of the support layer 111a.

  Then, with respect to the curing material layer 102 a on the surface of the modeling stage 104 or on the surface of the modeling layer 108 a and the surface of the support layer 111 a, the modeling material 107 and the support material 110 are Discharge and supply.

  The shaping material 107 that has landed on a desired position of the curing material layer 102a is solidified (cooled and solidified) immediately by the curing material 102, whereby a modeling layer 108a having a target shape is formed. Similarly, the support material 110 injected into the desired position of the hardening material layer 102a is immediately solidified (cooled and solidified) by the hardening material 102 to form the support layer 111a of the target shape.

  Then, after forming the target modeling layer 108a and the support layer 111a, the actuator 116 is driven to drive the modeling stage 104 by one modeling layer, the curing material supply means 113, the modeling material supply means 106, the support material The supply means 112 is raised.

  Thereafter, the three-dimensional object 108 and the support portion 111 are formed by repeating supply of the curing material 102, supply of the formation material 107, and supply of the support material 110 and repeating formation of the formation layer 108a and the support layer 111a of the next layer. Ru.

  Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, the curing material supply means 113 is fixedly disposed on the top of the modeling tank 101, and feeds the curing material 102 from the direction along the surface of the modeling layer 108a. By supplying the curing material 102 from the direction along the surface of the shaping layer 108 a, the curing material 102 flows on the surface of the shaping stage 104 or the surface of the shaping layer 108 a to form the curing material layer 102 a.

  On the other hand, as in the first embodiment, the modeling stage 104 is arranged to be movable up and down, and the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 are arranged to be movable in the direction along the surface of the modeling stage 104.

  When modeling is performed with this apparatus, the modeling stage 104 is raised to a position where the curing material 102 for forming the curing material layer 102 a from the curing material supply means 113 on the surface of the modeling stage 104 is supplied. And the hardening material 102 is supplied to the surface of the modeling stage 104 from the hardening material supply means 113, and the hardening material layer 102a is formed.

  Thereafter, the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 are moved to discharge and supply the modeling material 107 and the support material 110 to the hardened material layer 102a.

  The shaping material 107 discharged to the desired position of the hardening material layer 102a is solidified (cooled and solidified) immediately by the hardening material 102, whereby the formation layer 108a of the target shape is formed. Similarly, the support material 110 discharged to a desired position of the curing material layer 102a is solidified (cooled and solidified) immediately by the curing material 102, whereby a support layer 111a having a target shape is formed.

  After forming the first modeling layer 108a and the support layer 111a, the modeling stage 104 is lowered by one layer, and the curing material 102 is placed on the surface of the first modeling layer 108a and the support layer 111a by the curing material supply means 113. It supplies and forms the hardening material layer 102a.

  The modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means 112 are moved to discharge and supply the modeling material 107 and the support material 110 to the hardened material layer 102a, thereby forming the second modeling layer 108a and the support layer 111a. Do. Thereafter, the same operation is repeated to form the three-dimensional object 108 and the support portion 111.

  As described above, since the means for supplying the curing material does not move, a simple mechanism can be achieved.

  Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory view of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, cold air 102A is used as the curing material. By blowing cold air 102A from the curing material supply means 113A, cold air can be supplied to the surfaces of the existing modeling layer 108a and the support layer 111a to form the curing material layer 102a even from a position away from the modeling layer 108a. it can. That is, the hardening material supply means 113 is arranged to be separated from the formation region of the shaping layer 108a more than the fifth embodiment.

  In addition, the other modeling process etc. are the same as that of 5th Embodiment.

  As a result, since the curing material supply means 113 does not move, a simple mechanism can be obtained, and the curing material supply means 113 can be separated from the formation region of the modeling layer 108 a, whereby the modeling material supply means 106 and the support material supply means This prevents the inhibition of the reciprocation of 112 and improves the freedom of design.

  Next, the operation of the support portion in each of the above-described embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view for explaining the operation of the support portion in the embodiment, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory view for explaining another support portion.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in each of the above-described embodiments, the support layer 111 a is formed together with the shaping layer 108 a constituting the three-dimensional object 108. That is, the support portion 111 including the three-dimensional object 108 is formed by forming the support layer 111 a for each of the modeling layers 108 a, including the lower side of the overhanging portion 602 of the modeling layer 108 a, the side surface portion 603 and the upper surface portion 604. Form.

  Note that the support material in this case is a material that maintains the original even at a temperature at which the shaping layer 108 a can be bonded. The three-dimensional object 108 is controlled to a temperature at which the shaped layer 108 a can be bonded, and after the shaped layer 108 a is bonded, the support portion 111 is removed.

  On the other hand, as the support part 111, as shown in FIG. 8, it can also be set as the structure which forms the support layer 111a only under the overhang part 602 of the modeling layer 108a.

  Here, in the case where the molding material has a high curing temperature or cells, it does not bond unless it is at a certain temperature or higher, so that the shape of the portion without support will collapse when returned to normal temperature. In this case, by forming the comprehensive support portion 111 described in each embodiment shown in FIG. 7, even in the case where the three-dimensional object 108 is formed of a material that does not bond at low temperatures, it is supported by the support portion 111 It can be returned to normal temperature while bonding.

  Next, a method of thawing a three-dimensional object will be described.

  It is preferable that thawing and bonding of the three-dimensional object 108 formed and removal of the support portion (layer) be performed gradually from the upper side in the direction of gravity while natural thawing or heating control.

  Thereby, even if the material does not bond at low temperature, the support portion (layer) can be removed while bonding, and since the support portion supports the shaped object in the non-bonded portion, three-dimensional modeling while maintaining the shape stable for a long time You can thaw or combine things.

  Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic explanatory view of a three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the embodiment.

  Above the modeling tank 101, a temperature controller 118, which is a heating unit that generates a heat source such as temperature-controlled warm air or infrared radiation and heats the three-dimensional object 108, is disposed.

  The modeling stage 104 can be raised and lowered by the actuator 103, and can raise the three-dimensional object 108 immersed in the curing material 102. The modeling stage 104 and the actuator 103 constitute means for lifting the three-dimensional object 108.

  In the present embodiment, while the three-dimensional object 108 and the support portion 111 are gradually raised, the three-dimensional object 108 and the support portion 111 are thawed or bonded by heating with the temperature controller 118 which is a heating means.

  That is, after the top of the three-dimensional structure 108 and the support portion 111 is thawed or joined by the temperature controller 118, the modeling stage 104 is further raised by the actuator 103, and the portion not thawed or joined yet is heated and thawed or joined Let By repeating this operation, the entire three-dimensional structure 108 and the support portion 111 are thawed or combined.

  Thus, the three-dimensional object can be thawed or attached without losing its support by thawing or combining the formed three-dimensional object sequentially from the top to the bottom. On the other hand, if the three-dimensional object 108 and the entire support portion 111 are simultaneously heated, thawing or bonding proceeds from the surface and the support is lost, so that the shape of the three-dimensional object 108 collapses.

  In the case where the three-dimensional object has a shape in which the width in the direction orthogonal to the stacking direction is wide or narrow, the time required for thawing or bonding (the speed of thawing or bonding) differs depending on the part. Therefore, in the case of heating and thawing or bonding a wide area, the speed of raising the modeling stage is slower than in the case of heating and thawing or bonding of narrow areas, or until the modeling stage is raised. To increase the waiting time of

  Thus, it is preferable to control the rising speed or timing of the shaping stage in accordance with the time required for thawing or bonding. The rising speed of the forming stage or the waiting time until the rising can be calculated from the area of the slice data and the degree of clogging.

  Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic explanatory view of a three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the embodiment.

  The present embodiment is an example in which the support material supply means 112 for supplying the support material in the first embodiment is not provided.

  That is, when the three-dimensional object 108 to be formed has a shape in which the upper forming layer 108a is entirely included in the lower layer 108b in the stacking direction, the support member of the three-dimensional object 108 is not formed. It can do modeling.

  Next, a ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic explanatory view of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, above the modeling tank 101, the modeling material supply means 206, the support material supply means 212, and the curing material supply means 213 are arranged.

  The modeling material supply unit 206 discharges and supplies a liquid modeling material (including a modeling agent) 207. The curing material supply means 213 is a means for discharging and supplying a liquid curing material (including a curing agent) 202 for solidifying the liquid modeling material 207. The support material supply unit 212 is a unit that discharges and supplies a support material (including a support agent) 210 solidified by the curing material 202.

  The liquid modeling material 207 is the surface of the molding stage 104 or the liquid modeling material 207 by being dropped and supplied to the surface of the molding stage 104 or the surface of the existing modeling layer 108 a by the modeling material supply means 206. Wet spreading on the surface of the existing shaping layer 108 a forms a thin film-like shaping material layer 207 a. That is, the modeling material supply means 206 constitutes a means for supplying a liquid modeling material.

  By discharging the curing material 202 to the required position of the modeling material layer 207a by the curing material supply means 213, the modeling material 207 of the modeling material layer 207a is solidified by the curing material 202, and the modeling layer 108a which is a layered shaped object is It is formed. That is, the hardening material supply means 213 constitutes a means for supplying the hardening material to the modeling material layer.

  By discharging the support material 210 to the required position of the modeling material layer 207a by the support material supply means 212, the support material 210 solidifies the modeling material 207 of the modeling material layer 207a, and the layered support layer 211a is formed. . That is, the support material supply means 212 constitutes a means for supplying the support material to the modeling material layer.

  In the present embodiment, the hardening material 202 is discharged to a required position of the modeling material layer 207a to solidify the modeling material 207 of the modeling material layer 207a, thereby repeatedly forming the modeling layer 108a of the target shape, The three-dimensional object 108 is formed (shaped). Further, the support material 210 is discharged to a required position of the modeling material layer 207a to solidify the modeling material 207 of the modeling material layer 207a, thereby repeatedly forming the support layer 111a of the target shape, and the support portion 111. Form.

  Next, a tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 12 to FIG. FIG. 12 to FIG. 14 are schematic explanatory views provided for explaining the forming process of the curing material layer in the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, a liquid curing material 102 is accommodated in the modeling tank 101. In the modeling tank 101, the modeling stage 104 on which the three-dimensional model 108 is modeled is disposed so as to be movable up and down. The modeling stage 104 is moved up and down by an actuator 103 disposed outside the modeling tank 101. The modeling layer 103 is layered and modeled on the modeling stage 104.

  The process of forming the curing material layer 102 a in the present embodiment will be described. The modeling stage 104 is lowered from the state shown in FIG. 12 where there is no curing material 102 on the surface of the modeling layer 108 a and the support layer 111 a.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 13, the surfaces of the shaping layer 108 a and the support layer 111 a are immersed in the liquid curing material 102. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 14, the shaping stage 104 is raised to bring the surfaces of the shaping layer 108 a and the support layer 111 a out of the inside of the curing material 102. As a result, a thin film-like cured material layer 102a is formed on the surfaces of the modeling layer 108a and the support layer 111a.

  Then, the forming material 107 and the support material 110 are discharged to the hardened material layer 102 a to form the forming layer 108 a and the support layer 111 a. In the initial state, the hardening material layer 102 a is formed on the surface of the modeling stage 104 in the same process as described above.

  The liquid modeling material 107 is accommodated in the modeling tank 101 and the same operation as in this embodiment is performed to form the liquid modeling material layer 107 a on the surface of the modeling layer 108 a and the support layer 111 a, The same shaping as in the ninth embodiment can be performed.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, an uncured liquid resin such as urea resin or epoxy resin can be used as the liquid modeling material. As a curing material for this, for example, acid anhydrides, amines or a mixture thereof can be used. In addition, as a liquid modeling material, for example, water, an aqueous solution of gelatin, a gel material, etc., and as a hardening material, a cooled aqueous solution of glycerol, liquid nitrogen, etc. can be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 modeling tank 102 hardening material 102a hardening material layer 104 modeling stage 106 modeling material supply means 107 modeling material 108 three-dimensional model 108a modeling layer (layered model)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 support material 111a support layer 111 support part 112 support material supply means 202 hardening material supply means 202 hardening material 206 shaping material supply means 207 shaping material 207a modeling material layer 210 support material 212 support material supply means 213 curing material supply means

Claims (9)

It is a three-dimensional shaping apparatus which forms a three-dimensional shaped object by laminating a layered shaped object,
A means for forming a liquid curing material layer, supplying a modeling material to the curing material layer, and forming the layered shaped object in which the modeling material is solidified with the curing material of the curing material layer;
In the shaping tank in which the liquid curing material is contained,
After lowering the forming stage on which the three-dimensional object is formed and immersing the surface of the forming stage or the surface of the layered object in the liquid curing material,
The shaping stage is raised to bring out the surface of the shaping stage or the surface of the layered shaped article from the inside of the liquid curing material, and the thin film-like curing material layer is formed on the surface of the shaping stage or the surface of the layered shaped article A three-dimensional shaping apparatus characterized by forming . It is a three-dimensional shaping apparatus which forms a three-dimensional shaped object by laminating a layered shaped object,
A means for forming a liquid curing material layer, supplying a forming material to the curing material layer, and forming the layered shaped object in which the forming material is solidified with the curing material of the curing material layer;
And means for supplying a support material to the cured material layer of the liquid,
Forming a layered support layer in which the support material is solidified with the curing material of the curing material layer;
The Support layer, support portions for supporting the overhanging portion of the layered shaped article, or, you and forming a support portion for supporting a comprehensive a shaped three-dimensionally shaped object standing body modeling apparatus. It is a three-dimensional shaping apparatus which forms a three-dimensional shaped object by laminating a layered shaped object,
A means for forming a liquid curing material layer, supplying a forming material to the curing material layer, and forming the layered shaped object in which the forming material is solidified with the curing material of the curing material layer;
The shaped the three-dimensional object and means for decompressing said three-dimensional object is heated from above, standing body modeling apparatus you characterized by comprising a.   It has a means for applying vibration to the modeling stage
The three-dimensional model | molding apparatus of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Means for supplying a support material to the liquid curing material layer,
Forming a layered support layer in which the support material is solidified with the curing material of the curing material layer;
The support part which supports the overhanging part of the layered model, or the support section which includes and supports the three-dimensional model to be formed is formed by the support layer . The three-dimensional modeling apparatus described in. The three-dimensional shaping apparatus according to any one of claims 1 , 2, 4 and 5 , further comprising means for heating the formed three-dimensional shaped article from above and thawing the three-dimensional shaped article. When the melting point or the glass transition point of the three-dimensional object is the temperature T [° C.],
The temperature T is a temperature lower than the use environment temperature of the shaping environment or the three-dimensional object,
The three-dimensional shaping apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the curing material is a substance whose solidification point cooled to a temperature T or lower is lower than the temperature T or a boiling point is a temperature T or lower. It is a three-dimensional shaping apparatus which supplies the above-mentioned modeling material to a hardening material which cools and solidifies a modeling material, forms a layered modeling thing, laminates the above-mentioned layered modeling thing, and models a three-dimensional modeling article,
A means for raising the three-dimensional object;
And heating means for heating the three-dimensional object.
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus characterized in that the three-dimensional object is heated by the heating means while gradually raising the three-dimensional object by the means for raising. The three-dimensional shaping apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the speed at which the three-dimensional article is lifted is changed according to the speed at which the three-dimensional article is thawed or bonded.

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