JP6437978B2 - Method for generating a spray nozzle and a non-circular spray cone - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a nozzle housing, a spray nozzle having at least one swirl chamber arranged in the nozzle housing and at least one outflow opening, in which case the outflow opening is at the end of the outflow passage. The outlet passage exits the swirl chamber and widens in the direction of the outlet opening, in which case a narrow portion is provided at the transition where the swirl chamber transitions to the outlet passage, And the angle of the wall of the outflow passage increases continuously from the narrow part towards the outflow passage or remains partly the same.
The invention also relates to a method for generating a spray cone having a non-circular and thus a cross-section different from a circular shape.

  From patent document 1, a double swirl spray nozzle is known, which has two swirl chambers, each of which has an outflow passage extending out toward the outflow opening. Yes. The angle of the wall of the outflow passage with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the outflow passage gradually increases in some parts towards the outflow passage and does not change in other parts. The illustrated double swirl spray nozzle has two outflow openings towards the same side of the nozzle housing. The two outflow openings are arranged at an angle with respect to each other. The described double swirl spray nozzle is used, for example, in flue gas cleaning equipment, in particular gas scrubbers.

  U.S. Patent No. 6,057,031 describes a double swirl spray nozzle that has two swirl chambers and an outflow passage that each exits the swirl chamber and extends toward the outflow opening. The outflow openings are directed toward opposite sides of the housing.

European Patent No. 1491260 (B1) specification German patent No. 10073381 (C1) specification

  The present invention seeks to improve the spray nozzle so that it can be flexibly applied.

  To that end, according to the present invention, there is provided a spray nozzle having a nozzle housing, at least one swirl chamber disposed in the nozzle housing and at least one outflow opening, in which case the outflow opening is outflowed. It is arranged at the end of the passage, its outflow passage exits from the swirl chamber and widens in the direction of the outflow opening, in which case the narrow part is arranged at the transition part where the swirl chamber moves to the outflow passage In that case, the angle of the wall of the outflow passage gradually increases from the narrow portion toward the outflow opening, or remains partially the same, and the shape of the outflow opening is circular in the spray nozzle. And the angle of the wall of the outflow passage in the outflow opening is not constant when viewed in the circumferential direction of the outflow opening.

  The shape of the outflow opening is different from a circle, and the angle of the wall of the outflow passage in the outflow opening is not constant when viewed in the circumferential direction of the outflow opening, so that the cross-sectional shape of the discharged spray cone is circular. Can be different. This is particularly effective when non-circular spray cones appear to be ideal due to spatial conditions in order to be covered as well as possible by the spray cone. In particular, for example, in a gas scrubber, the case where the spray nozzle is arranged in the region of the wall of the cylindrical gas scrubber can be considered. In that case, it must usually be avoided that the liquid sprayed into the gas scrubber abuts against the gas scrubber wall directly from the spray nozzle. The nozzle according to the invention makes it possible to adjust the cross-sectional shape different from the circular shape of the spray cone, so that the spray cone emitted from the spray nozzle extends into the gas scrubber chamber and does not extend in the direction of the wall. The constriction between the swirl chamber and the outflow passage can be formed by a rounding edge and / or the start portion of the outflow passage, in which case the wall of the outflow passage is at the central longitudinal axis of the outflow passage. It extends substantially parallel to it. The invention can also be applied to all kinds of nozzles having a swirl chamber, for example tangential nozzles, axial nozzles and for example reflux nozzles. In the axial nozzle and the reflux nozzle, the swirl chamber is usually attached in the axial direction, so that a swirl insertion piece is provided in some cases.

  In the development of the invention, the outflow passage has a circular cross section at the transition from the swirl chamber to the outflow passage.

  Such a circular cross section of the outflow passage at the transition from the swirl chamber to the outflow passage is effective for good distribution of the liquid to be sprayed in the discharged spray cone. For example, a hollow conical spray is released. In that case, the circular cross section of the outflow passage at the transition from the swirl chamber to the outflow passage provides a uniform distribution of the liquid in the discharged hollow cone spray.

In the development of the invention, the angle of the wall of the outflow passage with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the outflow passage at the outflow opening is in the region between 0 ° and 90 °.
Surprisingly, the angle of the wall of the outflow passage at the outflow opening can vary within a very large range, ie between 0 ° and 90 ° with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the outflow passage, Regardless, it has been shown that the spray behavior of the spray nozzle is always still good. In particular, a uniform distribution of the liquid in the discharged spray cone is always obtained despite the large angle that the angle of the wall of the outlet opening field can take with respect to the central longitudinal axis.

In the development of the invention, the angle of the wall of the outflow passage at the outflow opening varies between 32.5 ° and 65 ° with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the outflow passage as seen across the peripheral surface of the outflow passage.
Such dimensional design of the wall angle change results in the formation of an oval shaped spray beam with very good liquid distribution inside the spray beam. The wall angle varies between 75 ° and 130 ° when the angle between opposite points of the wall of the outflow passage is measured in the outflow passage.

In the development of the present invention, the outflow opening has an oval or elliptical shape.
In this way, individual spray cones can be given an oval or elliptical cross-sectional shape. With the inventive formation of the spray nozzle, this is possible with good liquid distribution inside the spray cone.

  In the development of the invention, two swirl chambers and two outflow openings are provided, in which case the outflow openings are such that the spray beam flows out through the two outflow openings to the same side of the housing. Is arranged.

  In the development of the invention, two swirl chambers and two outflow openings are provided, in which case the outflow openings flow out to the opposite sides of the housing through the two outflow openings. To be arranged.

In the development of the present invention, the nozzle housing is cast or injection molded and then fired or sintered.
In this way, a changing angle of the wall of the outflow passage and a shape different from the circular shape of the outflow opening can be realized very precisely and at the same time economically.

  The problem underlying the present invention is also solved by a method having the features of claim 9.

  Other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the claims and from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention in connection with the drawings.

It is a perspective view which shows the spray nozzle which concerns on this invention from diagonally upward. The spray nozzle of FIG. 1 is shown from below. It is sectional drawing which shows partially cutting plane III-III of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows partially cutting plane IV-IV of FIG. It is a top view of the spray nozzle concerning the present invention based on other embodiments of the present invention. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning which has the conventional spray nozzle. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning which has a spray nozzle based on this invention based on other embodiment. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two conventional spray nozzles. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two spray nozzles according to the present invention, according to another embodiment. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two spray nozzles according to the invention, according to another embodiment. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two conventional spray nozzles. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two conventional spray nozzles. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two spray nozzles according to the present invention, according to another embodiment. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two spray nozzles according to the present invention, according to another embodiment. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two conventional spray nozzles. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two conventional spray nozzles. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two spray nozzles according to the present invention, according to another embodiment. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two spray nozzles according to the present invention, according to another embodiment. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two conventional spray nozzles. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two conventional spray nozzles. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two spray nozzles according to the invention, according to another embodiment. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG. FIG. 6 is a top view showing an arrangement with two spray nozzles according to the present invention, according to another embodiment. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of FIG.

1 and 2 show a spray nozzle 10 according to the present invention, which has a nozzle housing 12 with two swirl chambers 14, 16 and two outflow openings 18, 29. ing.
In FIG. 2, the viewer's line of sight looks into the two outflow passages 22, 24, and the outflow passages transition to one of the swirl chambers 14, 16, respectively. The two swirl chambers 14 and 16 are connected to a common connection end 26.
The liquid to be sprayed is supplied via the connecting end 26, reaches into the two swirl chambers 14, 16 and is tangentially supplied to the swirl chambers 14, 16 and from there through the narrowed portions 28, 30 respectively. Into the outflow passages 22, 24, and then leave the housing 12 in the form of a hollow conical spray.

As already recognized from FIG. 1, the shape of the two outlet openings 18, 20 is different from a circle, respectively. The outflow openings 18 and 20 each have an elliptical shape, in which case the central longitudinal axis of the two outflow passages 22 and 24 ending in the outflow openings 18 and 20 is relative to the drawing plane of FIG. Consider that they are not vertically arranged.
Rather, the central longitudinal axes of the outflow passages 22 and 24 are arranged to extend away from each other. The two spray beams generated thereby extend away from each other.
Such a formation of a double swirl spray nozzle is known from US Pat.

Although FIG. 2 is somewhat distorted due to the diagonal arrangement, it can be seen from this figure that the cross-section of the outflow passages 22, 24 is at points 28 or 30, and thus the swirl chambers 14, 16 and the outflow passage 22 respectively. , 24, it can be seen that it is circular.
The circular cross section at the transition between each swirl chamber 14, 16 and the outflow passages 22, 24 provides a uniform distribution of liquid within the outflowing spray beam.

The outflow opening 20 is different from a circle, so that the two spray cones to be discharged can have a different cross-sectional shape from the circle.
In the nozzle shown in FIG. 1, hollow conical sprays each having an elliptical cross section flow out from the outflow openings 18 and 20. In that case, a substantially elliptic spray cone is formed in the transition between these two elliptical spray beams. See FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a partial schematic sectional view of the cutting plane III-III of FIG. The purpose and purpose of FIG. 3 is to clarify the shapes of the outflow openings 18 and 20 and the outflow passages 22 and 24 in the cutting plane III-III.
For this reason, only the outflow opening 20 and the outflow passage 24 are shown in cross section in FIG. 3, and the outflow opening 18 and the outflow passage 22 are equally formed. The same is true for FIG.
Within the scope of the present invention, double or multi spray nozzles with differently shaped outflow passages are also possible.
In FIG. 3, the central longitudinal axis 32 of the outflow passage 24 of the spray nozzle 10 is shown. Further, a part of the swirl chamber 16 is recognized at the upper end of FIG. At the slightly chamfered edge 34, the swirl chamber 16 ends and the outflow passage 24 begins.
As can be seen, at the beginning of the outflow passage 24, and thus just behind the chamfered edge 34, the wall of the outflow passage 24 is arranged substantially parallel to the central longitudinal axis 32.
In practice, the wall of the outflow passage 24 in this region has an angle of about 3 ° with respect to the central longitudinal axis 32, so that the outflow passage 24 opens in the flow direction from its starting end. Thereby, when forming a spray nozzle, a desirable release slope is formed.
In the course of the transition of the outflow passage 24, therefore, in the flow direction indicated by the arrow 36, the angle between the central longitudinal axis 32 and the wall of the outflow passage 24 increases gradually and finally reaches an angle of 65 °, Thereafter, it further extends to the outflow opening 20 at this fixed angle.
Thereby, upstream of the outflow opening 20, as shown in FIG. 3, a linear boundary having an opening angle of 130 ° is arranged in the cutting plane III-III.
Thus, the angle of the wall of the outflow passage 24 is from a value of approximately 0 ° with respect to the central longitudinal axis, and in the illustrated embodiment 3 °, and thus the substantial length of the central longitudinal axis and the wall of the outflow passage 24 at the beginning of the outflow passage. Starting from a general parallel arrangement, it is always constant or partly constant.

  As soon as it passes through the narrow part 30, the spray flowing into the flow direction 36, broken down into individual droplets, is widened as it passes through the outflow passage 24, which is narrowed by the wall of the outflow passage 24. If allowed, it is formed by a substantially rounded edge 34. Thus, in the cutting plane III-III, the spray cone exits the outflow opening with a spray angle slightly less than 130 °.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic partial sectional view of the cutting plane IV-IV of FIG. Outflow passage 24 first has a wall disposed substantially parallel to central longitudinal axis 32 at the beginning, and therefore at the transition between swirl chamber 16 and chamfered edge 34, The wall actually has an angle of 3 ° with respect to the central longitudinal axis 32.
Thereafter, in the flow direction indicated by the arrow 36, the angle of the wall of the outflow passage 24 with respect to the central longitudinal axis 32 increases gradually and finally reaches a value of 32.5 °. Thereafter, the wall of the outflow passage 24 extends to the outflow opening 20 at this constant angle.
Accordingly, the region immediately upstream of the outflow opening 20 extends linearly within the cross section of the plane IV-IV. Thus, upstream of the outflow opening 20, a linear boundary having an opening angle of 75 ° is arranged in the cutting plane IV-IV.
However, the wall angle of the outflow passage 24 varies along the peripheral surface of the outflow opening 20 and is 65 ° with respect to the central longitudinal axis 32 in the III-III cutting plane of FIG. 2 (see FIG. 3). It seems to take the angle of. Therefore, the region immediately upstream of the outflow opening 20 is not conical but has an irregular shape, which is because the wall angle of the outflow passage 24 is half the length of the outflow opening 20. Over time, from a value of 32.5 ° relative to the central longitudinal axis to a value of 65 ° relative to the central longitudinal axis and back again.

  The droplet spray flowing out of the outflow passage 24 is widened towards the outflow opening 20 as soon as it passes through the constriction formed by the edge 34 and as long as the wall of the outflow passage 24 allows it. The droplet spray flows out at a spray angle slightly less than 75 ° at the outflow opening in the plane IV-IV.

  Thus, in the result, the spray cone flowing out of the outflow passage 24 has a geometry with a non-circular, in the illustrated embodiment an elliptical cross section. In the cutting plane III-III (see FIGS. 2 and 3), the spray angle is slightly smaller than 130 °. In the cutting plane IV-IV (see FIGS. 2 and 4), the spray angle is slightly smaller than 75 °.

In that case, the significant advantage of the nozzle according to the invention is that such a cross-section of the splaying nozzle, which is different from the generally circular shape, has a wall configuration and in particular the angle of the wall of the outlet passage 24 with respect to the central longitudinal axis 32 Can only be obtained. The nozzle swirl chamber 16 and housing structure need not be modified accordingly. Depending on the respective required application and the desired cross-sectional shape of the splaying cone, the spill passage 24 can be adapted.
In order to generate a spray cone having a non-circular or different cross-section, a swirl is generated in the swirl chamber 14, 16 to generate a centrifugal force on the flowing liquid and to rotate it. . Volume flow through the nozzle is squeezed and regulated by narrow portions 28, 30 formed by edges 34 that substantially circle and positioned between the swirl chambers 14, 16 and the outflow passages 22, 24.
In this case, the narrowing formed by the edge 34 and the starting ends of the subsequent outflow passages 22 and 24 is formed so that the flowing liquid is evenly distributed on the peripheral surface of the narrowed portion. Here, the swirl generated in the swirl chamber and the accompanying liquid rotating in the swirl chamber play an important role.
Thereafter, in the outflow passages 22, 24, non-circular spray cones are formed by the rotationally asymmetrically configured walls of the outflow passages.
With different gradients or different angles, the drop outflow angles are individually determined by the way to the outflow openings 18,20.
According to which wall part each droplet is in and what angle is taken with respect to the central axis of this wall part, the droplet outlet angle is determined, thereby having a non-circular cross section A spray cone is formed.

In nozzles made of ceramic material or sintered material, this allows a very flexible forming method. The nozzle housing 12 with two swirl chambers and the connecting end 26 can always be formed in the same mold.
Only the nozzle communication, and thus the outflow passages 22, 24, are each changed depending on the desired application. For this purpose, a modified mold can be used. The ceramic material is shaped to the desired shape and then fired. In this way, nozzles having various cross-sectional shapes of the emitted spray beam are formed relatively easily and with good cost performance.
Similarly, a nozzle formed from a sintered material can be similarly used. Here, for example, a metal powder is mixed with a plastic binder, injected into a mold and then sintered, whereby a nozzle made of a sintered metal material is then obtained.
However, the spray nozzle according to the present invention can be cast from plastic or metal, formed in a layered structure, or mechanically manufactured using cutting.

  A significant advantage of the nozzle according to the invention is that by maintaining the shape of the swirl chamber and the circular shape of the outflow passage at the beginning of the outflow passages 22, 24, a uniform distribution of the liquid in the outflowing spray beam can be ensured. Only the cross-sectional shape of the spray beam is changed by the shape of the outflow passage and the shape of the outflow openings 18 and 20.

  FIG. 5 shows a spray nozzle 50 according to the invention in top view according to another embodiment of the invention. The spray nozzle 50 is also formed as a swirl spray nozzle and has a housing with a swirl chamber 52 and an outflow passage 54, the outflow passage opening from the transition between the swirl chamber 52 and the outflow passage 54. It extends to the part 56. The viewer's line of sight is directed into the outflow passage 54 and the swirl chamber 52 in the direction opposite to the spray direction of the spray nozzle 50 in FIG.

It will be appreciated that the outflow passage has a circular cross section at the transition between the swirl chamber 52 and the outflow passage. As the outflow passage 54 further extends toward the outflow opening 56, the cross section of the outflow passage 54 changes, and this cross section also widens in this direction.
The outflow passage 54 has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to a circle whose one side is generally flat in the direction of the outflow opening 56. By providing this shape of the outflow passage 54, a spray cone discharged from the spray nozzle 50 during driving is also formed.
On a flat surface perpendicular to the central axis 58 of the swirl chamber 52, the spray nozzle 50 provides a spray supply having a surface that is substantially in the shape of the outflow opening 56 or larger. Such a spray supply is effective, for example, when the spray nozzle is disposed in the vicinity of the wall of the process chamber and it is not desirable that the process chamber wall is sprayed.

  FIG. 6 shows an arrangement with a conventional double swirl spray nozzle 60, the double swirl spray nozzle having two outflow openings arranged side by side, each of the outflow openings being circular in cross section. Release spray cone. In that case the spray cones are oriented away from each other, rather than parallel to each other, so that the central axes of the two swirl chambers of the spray nozzle 60 gradually increase from the outflow opening as viewed in the spray direction. And extend away from each other.

  This results in a spray 62 having a centered shape in the overlap of the two spray cones. However, it is particularly unfavorable that the portion 64 of the spray shown by hatching in FIG. Rather, this portion 64 of the spray rebounds at the process chamber wall 66.

  This is also recognized in the side view of FIG. Since the cone-shaped spray itself abuts the process chamber wall 66 in the side view of FIG. 7, the hatched portion 64 of the spray 62 actually abuts the wall and is no longer available.

FIG. 8 schematically shows the spray nozzle 10 according to the present invention of FIGS. 1 to 4 in a state where it is incorporated, in particular, in a gas scrubber 40 schematically showing part of the wall 66 of the gas scrubber. Only a portion is shown. The line of sight of the person viewing the figure is directed into the cylindrical gas scrubber 40 from above in FIG.
The spray nozzle 10 is arranged in the edge region of the gas scrubber 40, in which case fixing is not shown. The spray nozzle 10 emits two spray cones, and only the overlapping spray 72 that results is shown.
As described, a spray cone having a substantially elliptical shape flows out of each of the outflow openings 18 and 20. In that case, in the overlap, a spray 72 having an oval cross section is generated.
It is well recognized that such an oval cross-sectional shape of the spray beam 72 is desirable based on the spray nozzle 10 being positioned within the edge region of the gas scrubber 40.
This ensures that very little of the sprayed liquid reaches the walls of the gas scrubber 40 within a defined interval, as compared to a spray cone with a circular cross section. Because it can.

  With the spray nozzle according to the invention, the cross-sectional shape of the ejected spray can be adjusted within wide limits, whether it is a spray cone that is ejected individually or two or more overlapping spray cones. Can do. Thereby, an optimal spray result can be obtained according to the desired cross-sectional shape in each given application case and specific application case.

The illustrated embodiment shows a double swirl spray nozzle having two outflow openings that emit the spray beam in the same direction.
However, the present invention can be applied to other types of spray nozzles, in particular to swirl spray nozzles having only one outflow opening, or to double swirl spray nozzles having two outflow openings and from them It is clear that the present invention can be applied to the case where the spray beam flows out in the opposite direction.
The present invention can also be applied to multi-spray nozzles having more than two outflow openings.

As shown in FIG. 8, the double swirl spray nozzle 10 according to the present invention is disposed at the same location as the spray nozzle 60 of FIG. 6 with respect to the wall 66 of the process chamber.
However, in FIG. 8, it is recognized that the spray 72 having an oval cross-sectional shape can be formed by the double swirl spray nozzle 10 according to the present invention. This is achieved by the superposition of two spray cones generated by the double swirl spray nozzle 10.
As already recognized in FIG. 8, only a very small portion 74 of the generated spray 72 abuts against the wall 66 and is lost there.

  This is also recognized in the side view of FIG. A spray 72 having an oval cross-sectional shape has much less wall loss. This is because only the outermost edge portion of the spray 72 abuts against the wall 66. Thereby, much less wall loss can be achieved compared to the arrangement with the conventional double swirl spray nozzle 60 of FIGS. 6 and 7, nevertheless by the double swirl spray nozzle 10 according to the invention, A large area of the process chamber can be covered.

  Thus, the double-swirl spray nozzle 10 according to the present invention allows the spray 72 to be ejected to be shaped, thereby making it possible to utilize a large spray angle, so that the medium sprayed on the wall 66 is lost unused. There is no.

FIG. 10 shows a top view of an arrangement with two conventional double swirl spray nozzles 60. The double swirl spray nozzle 60 generates two spray cones each having a circular cross-sectional shape. When they overlap, a spray 76 is created, which has the shape of a balloon narrowed in approximately two places when viewed from above.
It will be appreciated that the overlap of the four spray cones emitted from the double swirl spray nozzle 60 can achieve large area coverage with the spray 76 in combination with a large spray angle. Of course, a large portion of the spray 76 abuts the process chamber wall 66, which is suggested by the portion 78 indicated by the hatching of the spray 76.

  The side view of FIG. 11 clearly shows the spray 76 that is ejected, and since that spray partially abuts the wall 66, a portion 78 of the spray 76 is lost and the media sprayed from this portion 78 is It can no longer be used in the process chamber, for example for gas purification.

  FIG. 12 shows an arrangement with two inventive double swirl spray nozzles 80 according to another embodiment of the invention. Each outflow passage and each outflow opening of the double swirl spray nozzle 80 according to the present invention has a rectangular shape with chamfered corners in the top view of FIG. 82 is formed. As in the arrangement of FIG. 10, a large area cover can be achieved by the spray 82, but it is well recognized that the portion 84 shown hatched in FIG. 12 is much smaller than the portion 78 of the arrangement of FIG. Is done. By forming the spray cone into a non-circular cross-sectional shape within the double-swirl spray nozzle 80 according to the present invention, the wall loss is significantly reduced, since the portion 84 shown by the hatching of the spray 82 is in the arrangement of FIG. Recognized by being much smaller than portion 78. Thus, the arrangement having two double swirl nozzles 80 according to the present invention allows much better utilization of the sprayed media.

  The side view of FIG. 13 shows the arrangement of FIG. It will be appreciated that only a very small percentage of the spray 82 abuts against the process chamber wall 66.

  FIG. 14 shows an arrangement with two double swirl spray nozzles 81 according to the invention, according to another embodiment of the invention. The respective outflow passages and the respective outflow openings of the double swirl spray nozzle 81 according to the present invention are formed so that a spray 83 is generated in the overlap. The spray 83 is asymmetric and extends out of the spray nozzle 81 toward the interior space of the circular wall 66 rather than to the wall 66.

  FIG. 15 shows the arrangement of FIG. 14 in a side view. Due to the asymmetric spray 83, a very small proportion of the generated droplet spray abuts the wall 66 and moves inward from the wall 66 in the direction of the shape and thus to the right in FIG. It is recognized that it can be covered.

  FIG. 16 shows a top view of an arrangement with two conventional swirl spray nozzles 86. The two swirl spray nozzles 86 each generate a spray cone having a circular cross-sectional shape. The swirl spray nozzle 86 is supplied with a medium to be sprayed from a common collecting pipe 88. The swirl spray nozzle 86 is selected such that it has a large spray angle, thereby providing a spray cone that is discharged in as large a proportion of the process chamber as possible.

  However, as a result, the ratio 94 shown by hatching in FIG. Thereby, the sprayed medium is lost and cannot be used for gas purification, for example, and in the long run there is a risk that the discharged spray cone 92 will damage the collecting pipe 88.

  FIG. 17 shows the arrangement of FIG. 16 in a side view. It is well recognized that the proportion 94 of the discharged spray cone 92 abuts the collecting pipe 88.

  FIG. 18 shows another arrangement with two conventional swirl spray nozzles 96 on the top surface. The splay angles of the two swirl spray nozzles 96 are selected to be smaller than in the swirl spray nozzle 86 of FIGS. Thereby (see also the side view of FIG. 19), it is avoided that the spray cone 98 to be released abuts the collecting pipe 88. At the same time, however, it must be accepted that the delivery by the ejected spray cone 98 is much smaller than in the swirl spray nozzle 86 of FIGS.

  FIG. 20 shows a top view of an arrangement with two swirl spray nozzles 90 according to the present invention. The two swirl spray nozzles 90 each emit a spray cone 102 having an oval cross section. As can be seen from FIG. 20, the process chamber can be supplied in a large area by the overlap of the two spray cones 102. It can be recognized from the side view of FIG. 21 that, at the same time, the contact of the discharged spray cone 102 with the collecting pipe 88 is avoided.

  FIG. 22 shows a top view of an arrangement with two swirl spray nozzles 91 according to the present invention. The two swirl spray nozzles 91 each emit a spray cone 103 whose section is irregularly shaped. The spray cone 103 extends further into the process chamber in a direction away from the collective pipe 88 than in the direction of the collective pipe 88. Thereby, a large area supply of the process chamber can be obtained first (see also the side view of FIG. 23), and the discharged spray cone 103 is prevented from coming into contact with the collecting pipe 88.

  FIG. 24 shows an arrangement with two conventional double swirl spray nozzles 104 (see also the side view of FIG. 25), where each of the double swirl spray nozzles 104 is directed upwardly with a spray cone. 106 and a spray cone 108 directed downwards are discharged.

The two double swirl spray nozzles 104 are supplied from a common collecting pipe 88. In order to achieve a large area of supply by the spray cones 106, 108, a large spray angle is selected.
However, as will be recognized in the side view of FIG. 25, the spray cone 106 that flows upward partially contacts the collecting pipe 88. As a result, the sprayed medium is lost first, and there is a risk of damage to the collecting pipe 88.

FIG. 26 shows an arrangement with two conventional double swirl spray nozzles 110 on the top surface.
Each of the double swirl spray nozzles 110 (see also the side view of FIG. 27) emits a spray cone 112 with a small spray angle going upward and a spray cone 114 with a large spray angle going downward.
As a result (see also the side view of FIG. 27), the spray cone 112 released upward can be prevented from spraying on the collecting pipe 88. Of course, the supply of spray cone 112 released upwards into the process chamber is relatively small and unsatisfactory.

FIG. 28 shows an arrangement having two double swirl spray nozzles 100 according to the present invention. The double swirl spray nozzle 100 (see also the side view of FIG. 29) discharges a spray cone 114 having a circular cross-section downward, respectively, and a spray cone 11 having an oval cross-section upward. Release.
Thereby, even when moving upward in the spray direction, a large area supply of the process chamber is achieved by the overlap of the two spray cones 116 having an oval cross section, but at the same time the spray cone 116 discharged upwards It can also be ensured that no spray is applied to the collecting pipe 88.

FIG. 30 shows an arrangement having two double swirl spray nozzles 101 according to the present invention. Each of the double swirl spray nozzles 101 emits a spray cone 105 having a circular cross section downward and a spray cone 107 having an irregularly shaped cross section upward.
As can be seen in the side view of FIG. 31, the irregularly shaped spray cone 107 provides the process chamber with a large area, but the collective pipe 88 has a spray beam 107 emitted upward. It does not take.
For this purpose, the outflow opening directed upwards of the double swirl spray nozzle 101 extends in the process chamber farther away from the collecting pipe 88 than in the direction in which the spray beam 107 is directed to the collecting pipe 88 as follows. Is formed.
This is achieved, as explained, by having a steeper angle on the side facing the collecting pipe 88 than on the side opposite the collecting pipe 88, as described.

  FIG. 32 shows an arrangement with two conventional double swirl spray nozzles 118. Each of the double swirl spray nozzles 118 emits two spray cones, each having a circular cross-section, in which case the center of the swirl chamber of each double swirl spray nozzle 118 as recognized in the side view of FIG. The axes extend slightly away from each other when viewed in the spray direction. The discharged spray 120 guarantees a large area cover, but is partially sprayed into the collecting pipe 88 (see also FIG. 33).

FIG. 34 shows another arrangement with two conventional double swirl spray nozzles 122, where a smaller spray angle is selected compared to the double swirl spray nozzle 118 of FIGS. .
As can be seen in FIG. 35, spraying into the collective piping 88 can be avoided, but of course the sprayed media so that it can be easily ascertained by comparing FIGS. 32 and 34 or 33 and 35. Is supplied only on a much smaller side of the process chamber.

  FIG. 36 shows an arrangement with two double swirl spray nozzles 130 according to the present invention on the top side. Each of the double swirl spray nozzles 130 emits two spray cones, in which case the first ejected spray cone 132 has a circular cross section and the second ejected spray cone 134 has an oval shape. It has a cross section.

  Since the two swirl chambers of the double swirl spray nozzle 130 are arranged at an angle with respect to each other, the spacing between the central axes of the two swirl chambers is increased when viewed in the spray direction.

The entire spray beam resulting from the overlap of the spray beams 132, 134 has an irregular shape.
However, by overlapping (see also FIG. 37), it is possible to obtain a large area supply of the process chamber and at the same time avoid spraying to the collecting pipe 88.
As can be seen in FIG. 37, the spray cones 132, 134 penetrate and the resulting overlapping spray does not touch the area of the collective piping 88.

FIG. 38 shows an arrangement with two double swirl spray nozzles 136 according to the present invention. Each of the double swirl spray nozzles emits two spray cones downward in approximately equal directions, in which case the first spray cone 138 has a circular cross section and the second spray cone 140 is irregular. It has a cross section molded into
In that case, the irregularly shaped cross-section is formed as follows: the spray cone 140 extends much deeper into the process chamber and thus away from the collecting pipe than in the direction towards the collecting pipe 88. Has been.
In the overlap of the two spray beams 138 and the two spray beams 140, the spray shown in the side view of FIG. 39 occurs. It will be appreciated that the process chamber is covered by a large area but is not supplied to the collecting pipe 88.

  Accordingly, another aspect of the present invention is to generate the desired shape of the spray supply by overlapping at least two spray cones, where at least one of the two spray cones has a non-circular cross-sectional shape. ing.

Claims (10)

A spray nozzle having at least one swirl chamber (14, 16) and at least one outflow opening (18, 20) disposed in the nozzle housing (12), the nozzle housing (12),
The outflow opening (18, 20) is located at the end of the outflow passageway (22, 24);
The outflow passage exits the swirl chamber (14, 16) and widens in the direction of the outflow opening (18, 20);
A narrow portion is disposed at the transition portion transitioning from the swirl chamber (14, 16) into the outflow passageway (22, 24), and
In which the angle of the wall of the outflow passage gradually increases in the direction from the narrow part to the outflow opening (18, 20) or remains partially equal,
The shape of the outflow opening (18, 20) is different from a circle,
The angle of the wall of the outflow passageway (22, 24) in the outflow opening (18, 20) is not constant when viewed in the circumferential direction of the outflow opening (18, 20), and
Liquid to be sprayed is fed to the at least one swirl chamber (14, 16) in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the swirl chamber ;
A spray nozzle characterized by that. The outflow passageway (22, 24) has a circular cross-section at the transition from the swirl chamber (14, 16) to the outflow passageway (22, 24);
The spray nozzle according to claim 1. The angle of the wall of the outflow passage (22, 24) with respect to the central longitudinal axis (32) of the outflow passage (22, 24) in the outflow opening (18, 20) is in the range of 0 to 90 degrees;
The spray nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that. The angle of the wall of the outflow passageway (22, 24) in the outflow opening (18, 20) ranges from 25 ° to 70 °, in particular from 32.5 ° to the circumference of the outflow opening (18, 20). Changes in the range of 65 °,
The spray nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The outflow opening (18, 20) has an oval or elliptical shape;
The spray nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the spray nozzle is provided. Two swirl chambers (14, 16) and two outflow openings (18, 20) are provided;
The outflow openings (18, 20) are arranged so that the spray beam flows out through the two outflow openings (18, 20) towards the same side of the housing (12),
The spray nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: Two swirl chambers and two outflow openings are provided,
The outflow opening is arranged so that the spray beam flows out through the two outflow openings toward opposite sides of the housing,
The spray nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The nozzle housing (12) is cast or injection molded and then fired or sintered;
The spray nozzle according to at least one of claims 1 to 7. A method of generating a spray cone having a non-circular cross-section using a spray nozzle, comprising the following steps:
Introducing the liquid to be sprayed into the swirl chamber in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the swirl chamber ;
-Generating a swirl to generate a centrifugal force on the liquid flowing through the swirl chamber;
Squeezing and adjusting the amount of liquid flowing out of the swirl chamber using a constriction between the swirl chamber and the outflow passage ending at the outflow opening of the spray nozzle, which is sprayed by the constriction The liquid to be uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface of the narrow part; and
-Forming a spray cone having a non-circular cross-section in the outflow passage by pre-determining the outflow angle of the droplet in the outflow passage using the wall of the outflow passage, said outflow passage starting from a constriction; Widening at different angles with respect to the central axis of the outflow passage to the outflow opening, at least partially, as viewed across its peripheral surface,
including,
A method of generating a non-circular spray cone characterized by: At least two spray cones overlap, and at least one of the spray cones has a cross-sectional shape different from a circle when viewed in a plane parallel to the outflow opening,
The method of claim 9.

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