JP6359528B2 - 経血管横隔膜ペーシング・システム及び使用方法 - Google Patents
経血管横隔膜ペーシング・システム及び使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/3605—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system
- A61N1/3606—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system adapted for a particular treatment
- A61N1/3611—Respiration control
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
- A61M16/0066—Blowers or centrifugal pumps
- A61M16/0069—Blowers or centrifugal pumps the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
- A61M16/022—Control means therefor
- A61M16/024—Control means therefor including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
- A61M16/026—Control means therefor including calculation means, e.g. using a processor specially adapted for predicting, e.g. for determining an information representative of a flow limitation during a ventilation cycle by using a root square technique or a regression analysis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
- A61N1/0551—Spinal or peripheral nerve electrodes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
- A61N1/056—Transvascular endocardial electrode systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/3601—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation of respiratory organs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/3605—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system
- A61N1/36128—Control systems
- A61N1/36135—Control systems using physiological parameters
- A61N1/36139—Control systems using physiological parameters with automatic adjustment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/0015—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors
- A61M2016/0018—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical
- A61M2016/0024—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical with an on-off output signal, e.g. from a switch
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/05—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy
- A61M2205/054—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy with electrotherapy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
- A61M2230/60—Muscle strain, i.e. measured on the user
Description
いて、特にPPMVの開始後の最初の数日における急な短期間の使用が可能ではない。
吸器は、処方された補助レベルを有する患者に呼吸サイクルを与えるために使用される。この方法は、人工呼吸器の呼吸サイクルを監視する工程と、事前プログラムされた刺激信号を患者に与えて、患者の横隔神経を補助する工程と、呼吸サイクルごとに患者の横隔膜出力を調節する工程とを含む。いくつかの実施形態では、刺激信号は、1つ又は複数の血管内電極を介して与えられる。
第4の実施形態によれば、この方法はまた、刺激信号の送出と人工呼吸器呼吸サイクルとの間の同調を維持する工程を含む。
第7の実施形態によれば、この方法は、刺激信号の投与による横隔膜寄与レベルを判定する工程をさらに含み、処方された補助レベルは、横隔膜寄与レベルと人工呼吸器寄与レベルの合計である。
第9の実施形態によれば、横隔膜寄与レベルは、一回呼吸量又は圧力について別個に、一緒に、及び、これらの構成要素を含めて測定される。
第11の実施形態によれば、収縮能力を判定する工程は、横隔膜の反応から強さ及び耐久性を測定して刺激パターンを検査する工程を含む。
第13の実施形態によれば、患者の横隔膜の強さ及び耐久性を判定する工程は、横隔膜の最大横隔膜出力及び疲労特性を測定する工程を含む。
幅及び変化速度のうちの少なくとも1つを呼吸ごとに判定する工程をさらに含む。
第16の実施形態によれば、刺激信号を投与する工程は、1つ又は複数のペーシング・パラメータに応じて刺激信号を発生する工程と、刺激信号を人工呼吸器呼吸サイクルと関連して送出する工程とを含む。
第21の実施形態によれば、この方法は、最後に投与された刺激信号の横隔膜出力が事前選択目標範囲の外側にある場合、原因を明らかにする工程をさらに含む。
第23の実施形態によれば、この方法は、評価された横隔膜の状態に基づいて刺激信号を再プログラムする工程をさらに含む。
第26の実施形態によれば、人工呼吸器の呼吸サイクルを監視する工程は、人工呼吸器の吸気及び呼気を表す信号を検知する工程と、吸気相、呼気相、吸気休止、呼気休止、のうちの1つ又は複数を計算する工程とを含む。
本開示の別の態様によれば、人工呼吸器から呼吸補助を受ける患者の横隔膜廃用性萎縮を防止又は逆転する経血管横隔膜ペーシング・システムが提供される。このシステムは、
供給された刺激信号を送出するように構成された少なくとも1つの血管内電極を備える。刺激信号は、いくつかの実施形態では患者の横隔神経を補助するように構成され、刺激信号は、いくつかの実施形態では1つ又は複数の刺激パラメータを有する。システムはまた、付随する人工呼吸器からの呼吸サイクル信号、及び横隔神経の補助による横隔膜反応を検知するように構成された1つ又は複数のセンサと、少なくとも1つの血管内電極と電気的に接続すべく結合されたパルス発生器と、治療計画の1つ又は複数の態様を表すデータを入力するように構成された少なくとも1つの入力デバイスとを含む。システムはさらに、1つ又は複数のセンサ、少なくとも1つの入力デバイス及びパルス発生器と電気的に接続すべく結合されたコントローラを含む。このコントローラは、いくつかの実施形態では、人工呼吸器動作パラメータ及び1つ又は複数のペーシング・パラメータを表す検知信号を含む、治療計画の1つ又は複数の態様を表す入力データを受け、呼吸サイクル信号を監視し、呼吸サイクルの吸気相及び呼気相を判定し、1つ又は複数のペーシング・パラメータに応じて刺激信号を発生し、発生した刺激信号を少なくとも1つの経血管電極へ、人工呼吸サイクルの事前選択時間に送出し、患者の横隔膜出力を呼吸サイクルごとに調節するように、プログラムされる。
第29の実施形態によれば、コントローラはさらに、刺激信号の送出と人工呼吸器呼吸サイクルとの同調を維持するようにプログラムされる。
第36の実施形態によれば、コントローラはさらに、人工呼吸器呼吸サイクルの流量及び圧力を表すデータを監視して、呼気終末遅延のタイミングを判定すること、人工呼吸器呼吸サイクルの監視されたデータに基づく刺激信号を用いて横隔膜を漸進的に刺激するこ
と、及び横隔膜及び呼吸器系の1つ又は複数の機能特性を判定することによって、横隔膜を評価するようにプログラムされる。いくつかの実施形態では、1つ又は複数の機能特性には、最大静吸気圧、吸気容量、呼吸仕事量、圧力・時間積、圧力・時間指標、EMG、最大緩和速度、及び呼気時定数のうちの1つ又は複数が含まれる。
第38の実施形態によれば、刺激信号は、刺激列の始め、又は刺激列の中間に2つ組パルス又は3つ組パルスを含む。
本開示のさらに別の態様によれば、人工呼吸器から呼吸補助を受ける患者の横隔膜廃用性萎縮を防止する、又はその逆転を速めるための治療計画を投与する方法が提供される。人工呼吸器は患者に呼吸サイクルを与え、患者は処方された補助レベルを有する。この方法は、処方された補助レベルの少なくとも一部分である横隔膜出力の事前選択範囲を表す測定値を格納する工程と、人工呼吸器の呼吸サイクルを監視する工程と、刺激信号を患者に人工呼吸器の呼吸サイクルと同調して投与して、患者の横隔膜に、あるレベルの横隔膜出力を生じさせる補充をする工程と、横隔膜の補充による患者の横隔膜出力を、横隔膜出力の事前選択範囲内に入るように、刺激された呼吸サイクルごとに調節する工程とを含む。
第44の実施形態によれば、刺激信号の強度を増大させる工程が、刺激信号パルスの周波数を高くする工程、刺激信号パルスの振幅を増大させる工程、及び/又は刺激信号パルスの持続時間を増やす工程のうちの1つ又は複数を含む。
本開示のさらに別の態様によれば、重病患者の横隔膜廃用性萎縮を防止する方法が提供される。この方法は、患者に人工呼吸器を付ける工程と、人工呼吸器の呼吸サイクルを監視する工程と、患者に人工呼吸器が付けられている12時間又は6時間の一方の時間以内に、事前プログラムされた刺激信号を患者に投与して、あるレベルの横隔膜出力を出力するように患者の横隔膜を補充する工程と、刺激信号の投与に基づいて、患者の横隔膜出力のレベルを、事前選択閾値に一致させるか又は超えるように、呼吸サイクルごとに調節する工程とを含む。
るように構成された少なくとも1つの入力デバイスとを含む。システムはさらに、1つ又は複数のセンサ、少なくとも1つの入力デバイス及びパルス発生器と電気的に接続するように結合されたコントローラを含む。このコントローラは、いくつかの実施形態では、人工呼吸器呼吸サイクルの流量及び圧力を表すデータを監視し、人工呼吸器呼吸サイクルの監視データに基づく刺激信号を用いて横隔膜を刺激し、刺激信号を用いて横隔膜を刺激することにより引き起こされた反応から、横隔膜の1つ又は複数の機能特性を判定する、ようにプログラムされる。いくつかの実施形態では、1つ又は複数の機能特性には、最大静吸気圧、吸気容量、呼吸仕事量、圧力・時間積、圧力・時間指標、EMG、最大緩和速度、及び呼気時定数のうちの1つ又は複数が含まれる。
システム20はさらに、患者の横隔神経刺激に対する反応及び/又は他の生理的特性を
監視するように構成された1つ又は複数のセンサ48を含む。以下でより詳細に説明するように、1つ又は複数のセンサ48は、患者に与えられる刺激を調節するためのフィードバック制御系統の一部とすることができる。複数のセンサ48は、以下のうちの1つ又は複数を示すデータを刺激装置24へ送信することができる:筋電図活動(筋肉内、表面、及び/又は食道内で監視)、中心静脈圧(この信号の任意の特定の成分)、心拍数、胸壁加速、血液酸素飽和度、二酸化炭素濃度、静脈内のカテーテルの位置/深さ、機械的動き(すなわち、加速度計、長さゲージ、及び/又は歪みゲージから)、抵抗(すなわち、インピーダンス呼吸曲線記録器、及び/又は圧電抵抗センサから)、及び/又は他の生理的もしくは機械的諸パラメータである。これらの情報は、刺激装置24で使用する前に適切に処理できることを理解されたい(例えば、フィルタリング、条件付け、増幅など)。
補助レベルの、(例えば、量、圧力、両方、又は量及び圧力からの派生パラメータの)選択横隔膜寄与を満たすのに十分な横隔膜補充を実現するために、横隔神経に適切な電荷を送出する特性を有する刺激装置24によって生成される。
の変化が、プログラムされた刺激パラメータ及び加えられた任意の変調によって誘導されることを表す。
の呼吸ごとにスキップする。これは、スキップされた呼吸の間、患者は人工呼吸器32から完全に換気支援を受けることを意味する。スキップされた呼吸の間、一回呼吸量、肺のコンプライアンス、気道の抵抗、又は肺領域の補充などの呼吸機構が変化しうる。図13Bは、システム20によって、人工呼吸器32と同調して動作しながら生成されたため息呼吸の1例を示す。この例では、ため息呼吸は、3番目の呼吸ごとに与えられる。流量が制御されるか、それとも圧力が制御されるかに応じて、ため息呼吸は呼吸機構を変えることができる。この特性は、自発的な呼吸の特性、すなわち可変の一回呼吸量を模倣する。図13Cは、システム20によって周期的に施される、スキップ呼吸とため息呼吸の両方の1例を示す。
ラメータを入力することもできる。システム20に機能を与える初期化段階中に、他のデータを臨床医が入力できることを理解されたい。
の運動単位が力出力を再確立するために補充される。この漸進的に増大する横隔神経の活性化は継続し、最終的に横隔神経運動単位の100%まで補充することができる。最後には、すべてのタイプIIb運動単位が疲労によってノックアウトされ、タイプI及びタイプIIaの運動単位だけが力に寄与し続ける。
ータ」)、又は上述のブロック108で修正された刺激パラメータにより生成される。刺激傾斜列の送出タイミングもまた、ブロック110で決定される。例えば、このルーチンでは、横隔神経刺激の適切なタイミングを人工呼吸器32の実際の呼吸サイクルとの相関から決定することができる。一般的に説明すると、ルーチンでは、呼吸検出アルゴリズムなどからのパラメータ推定値に基づき、事前定義された規則に従って刺激のタイミングを制御する。事前定義される規則には、図11及び図12に示されている、人工呼吸器32の吸気相の開始前、開始中、もしくは開始後の任意の時間に刺激が始まるかどうか、又は、図24に示されているように、呼気相中に刺激が始まるかどうかを含むことができる。
まで、又は臨床医がシステム20の動作を止めるまで、ブロック104に戻る。
隔膜出力の間の関係についての知識を用いて選択することができる。この関係を理解するために、いくつかの実施形態でコントローラ60は、1つ又は複数のサブルーチンによって、処方された補助レベルの100%を発生するために必要な最大横隔膜出力の百分率値を再帰的に推定することができる。もちろん、この計算及び他の計算は、別のコンピュータ・システムで行いインポートすることができ、又はそれとは別に、システム20を動作させる前にコントローラ60に入力することができる。この再帰的推定の1例は、図19に示されている。
とができる。吸気相/呼気相が吸気相中に刺激することに決定された後、刺激列は、図23に示されるように、遅延が後に続く呼気相の開始、又は吸気相の開始いずれかを引き起こすことによって、開始させることができる。呼気相の開始を誘発することにより、刺激を吸気相の開始の前に発生して、吸気相中に横隔膜力を最大にすることが可能になる。加えて、呼気相中の刺激は、図24に示されるように、呼気相の開始、又は遅延を伴う吸気相の開始を引き起こすことによって実現することができる。吸気始まり、及び呼気始まりを使用することが好ましいが、考えられるところでは、吸気/呼気期間の終わりを使用することもまた可能である。さらに、刺激が、例えば吸気相の中間で開始するように、遅延刺激を与えることもまた可能である。
85%である。いくつかの実施形態では、雑音による影響が他の尺度よりも少ないので、量が用いられる。
述のシステム20の諸実施形態とは対照的に、Aモードを実行するシステム20の実施形態は、患者の上胸部の皮膚下に完全に埋め込むものにすることができる。この関連で、システム20は、一次電池又は充電式埋込み可能電池などの電力貯蔵源から電力供給され、患者の心臓又は他の機能を支援する他の埋込み可能デバイスと一体化することができる。
Claims (14)
- 一定の横隔膜補助レベルを与えるために横隔膜を刺激するためのシステムにおいて、
患者の血管内に配置される第1の電極を備えるカテーテルと、
前記システムを制御するための命令を記憶する電子記憶デバイスと、
プロセッサであって、
(a)前記患者の呼吸サイクルの属性を得るための命令と、
(b)刺激パラメータと、前記呼吸サイクルの属性と、呼吸パラメータの所望の値とに基づいて、前記第1の電極に第1の刺激信号を送出することによって、前記患者の横隔神経を回復させるための命令と、
(c)或る呼吸から呼吸パラメータの実際の値を判定するための命令と、
(d)呼吸パラメータの前記実際の値を前記呼吸パラメータの所望と値と比較するための命令と、
(e)(1)前記呼吸パラメータの前記実際の値が前記呼吸パラメータの所望の範囲内にある場合には、前記刺激パラメータを維持し、又は、(2)前記呼吸パラメータの前記実際の値が前記呼吸パラメータの所望の範囲内にない場合には、前記刺激パラメータを修正するための命令と、
(f)(b)〜(e)を繰り返すための命令と
を実行するためのプロセッサとからなり、
前記プロセッサは第2の刺激信号を第2の電極に送出することによって前記横隔神経を回復させるための命令を実行し、前記カテーテルは前記第2の電極を備える、システム。 - 前記プロセッサは人工呼吸器からの呼吸補助を有する呼吸サイクルの間に(a)の工程を行うように構成されている、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは前記人工呼吸器から与えられる補助レベルに関連して前記呼吸パラメータを調整するための命令を実行し、
前記第1の刺激信号および前記呼吸補助のうちの少なくとも一方は同一の横隔膜刺激処置の複数の呼吸サイクルの間で調整する、請求項2に記載のシステム。 - 前記呼吸サイクルの前記属性は、吸気相、吸気終末休止、呼気相、又は呼気終末休止のうちの少なくとも1つの開始又は持続期間を含んでなる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1の刺激信号は少なくとも1つのパルスを含んでなり、前記刺激パラメータは、速度、持続時間、パルス幅、周波数、又は振幅のうちの少なくとも1つを含んでなる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記呼吸パラメータは一回換気量、圧力、又は時間のうちの少なくとも1つである、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記血管は、頸静脈又は左鎖骨下静脈のうちの少なくとも一方であり、前記横隔神経は左横隔神経であり、前記プロセッサは上大静脈に配置される第3の電極に刺激信号を送出して前記第3の電極が前記患者の右横隔神経を回復させるための命令を実行する、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記血管は、頸静脈又は左鎖骨下静脈のうちの少なくとも一方であり、前記横隔神経は左横隔神経であり、前記プロセッサは上大静脈に配置される第3の電極及び第4の電極に刺激信号を送出して前記第3の電極及び第4の電極が前記患者の右横隔神経を回復させるための命令を実行する、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記システムは1つ以上のセンサをさらに備え、前記センサは、a)前記患者の呼吸サイクルの属性、及び、b)前記以前の呼吸からの呼吸パラメータの実際の値を示す情報を検知する、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記情報は、空気流量、量、圧力、動き、及び電気信号のうちの少なくとも1つである、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 前記呼吸パラメータの実際の値を前記呼吸パラメータの所望の値と比較するための命令は、圧力の変化又は一回呼吸量の変化のうちの少なくとも1つを計算するための命令を含んでなる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記呼吸パラメータの実際の値が前記呼吸パラメータの所望の値の選択範囲内にない場合には、前記プロセッサは、
前記呼吸パラメータの実際の値と所望の値の間の差の原因を判定する工程であって、前記原因は、電極の移動、呼吸機構の変化、又は横隔膜の疲弊のうちの少なくとも1つである、原因を判定する工程を行うための命令と、
前記原因に基づいて、前記刺激パラメータ及び、前記第1の刺激信号及び前記第2の刺激信号を受信する電極の選択のうちの少なくとも1つを変更するための命令とを行う、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記第1の電極に第1の刺激信号を送出するための命令は、前記患者の呼吸サイクルの所定の時に前記第1の刺激信号を送出するための命令を含んでなる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1の電極に第1の刺激信号を送出するための命令は、連続した患者の複数の呼吸のうち1つのサブセットの間のみに前記第1の刺激信号を送出するための命令を含んでなる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
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