JP6258594B2 - Crane cab and crane - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cab of a crane that handles cargo such as containers, and a crane having the cab.

  Conventionally, containers are handled by quay cranes and portal cranes (hereinafter collectively referred to as cranes).

  In FIG. 7, the outline of the cab 2X of the conventional crane 1X is shown. The driver's cab 2X has a driver's seat 15 provided with an operating lever for operating the spreader 4 and the like of the crane 1X, and a lower glass surface 13 made of glass so that the driver 3 can visually observe the container C as a cargo handling target. And a front glass surface 14, a lower frame 11 that supports the lower glass surface 13 and the front glass surface 14, and a display 21X that displays a storage position, a unique number, and the like of a container C that is a cargo handling target. .

  This display 21X is fixed to the front or side wall of the driver 3. Moreover, P1 has shown the driver | operator's visual field P1 used as the area | region which the driver | operator 3 can visually recognize through the lower surface glass surface 13 and the front glass 14 surface.

  Next, the cargo handling operation of the container C by the driver 3 will be described. First, a work instruction including the storage position and unique number of the container C that is a cargo handling object is sent from the management system installed in the container terminal to the crane 1X and displayed on the display 21X. The driver 3 starts loading / unloading of the container C as a loading / unloading object according to the work instruction displayed on the display 21X. When the driver 3 grips the container C with the spreader 4, the driver 3 visually reads the unique number displayed on the upper surface of the container C and collates it with the contents of the work instruction displayed on the display 21 </ b> X. Thereafter, the driver 3 executes a work procedure in which the container C to be handled is placed in the storage location (row, stage) displayed in the work instruction, or the container C is picked up from the storage location. By repeating this procedure, the crane 1X can unload the container C between the container ship and the container terminal.

  Moreover, in order to improve the visibility when the driver 3 checks the unique number of the container C, a crane having two cabs installed at different positions has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). . With this configuration, the crane can change the cab to be used depending on the scale of the container ship, and improve the visibility of the driver.

  However, the crane and its cab have some problems. First, since two cabs are required, the manufacturing cost of the crane increases. Due to this problem, the spread of the above cranes has not progressed.

Secondly, there is a problem that the safety during the cargo handling operation of the container C cannot be sufficiently improved. This is because the lower frame 11 that supports the lower glass surface 13 and the front glass surface 14 forms a blind spot of the driver 3 as shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows an outline of the viewpoint of the driver 3 in the cab 2X. The driver 3 can visually observe the lower container C through the lower glass surface 13 and the front glass surface 14. At this time, the lower frame body 11 and the side frame body 12 (hereinafter collectively referred to as the frame body) that support the lower glass surface 13 and the front glass surface 14 form a blind spot of the driver 3. Due to this blind spot, the driver 3 cannot recognize the presence of the worker who is working near the container C, and may cause the container C being handled to contact the worker.

  Thirdly, there is a problem that the fatigue of the driver 3 tends to accumulate. This is because the driver 3 who performs the cargo handling work has to wake up and check the display 21X frequently. In particular, when the crane is a quay crane, the distance from the driver 3 to the hold where the container C is stored is as long as 30 to 70 m, and the visibility is poor. Therefore, the driver 3 must search for the container C that is the cargo handling object displayed on the display 21X from the large number of containers C stored in the hold or the like, and fatigue tends to accumulate. Furthermore, since the driver 3 must constantly monitor the swing of the container C during cargo handling and must perform an operation corresponding to the swing of the container C, the driver 3 shifts his line of sight to the display 21X and confirms the work instruction. It was difficult.

JP 2002-145578 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its object is to improve the safety of cargo handling work by the crane and reduce the burden on the driver while suppressing the manufacturing cost of the crane cab. It is to provide an operator cab and a crane having the operator cab.

A crane cab according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a crane cab having a glass surface supported by a frame, and the cab is installed inside the frame. An image display device, an image acquisition device that acquires an image outside the frame, and a control device configured to display an image acquired by the image acquisition device on the image display device; wherein the controller, when the operator is within the image of the image display device, the operator display symbols indicating the presence of the worker not have a structure for displaying on the image display device, the operator positional information of the worker that is stored in the management system through the use of beacons best to wear, the control device is characterized in that have a structure that sequentially obtained from the management system.

  With this configuration, an increase in manufacturing cost of the cab can be suppressed. This is because the installation cost of an image display device (display, etc.) and an image acquisition device (camera, etc.) is relatively low. Moreover, since there is no blind spot caused by the frame, the safety of cargo handling work can be improved. This is because a blind spot image generated by the frame can be acquired and displayed by a camera or the like. Furthermore, accumulation of driver fatigue can be suppressed by eliminating the blind spots. This is because safety can be easily confirmed via a display or the like.

  According to the cab of the crane and the crane having the cab according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the safety of cargo handling work by the crane and reduce the burden on the driver while suppressing the manufacturing cost of the cab of the crane. A cab and a crane having this cab can be provided.

It is the schematic of the cab of the crane of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the schematic of the cab of the crane of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the schematic of a driver | operator's viewpoint in the cab of the crane of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the schematic of the crane of different embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the schematic of the image display apparatus in the cab of the crane of different embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the schematic of the image display apparatus in the cab of the crane of different embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the schematic of the conventional cab. It is the schematic of the viewpoint of the driver | operator in the conventional driver's cab.

  Hereinafter, a crane cab and a crane having the cab according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a cab 2 of a crane 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cab 2 has a glass surface (a lower glass surface 13 and a front glass surface 14) supported by a frame (lower frame 11). The cab 2 acquires an image display device (hereinafter referred to as a display) 21 installed on the inner side of the lower frame 11 on the driver 3 side, and an outer image on the container side of the lower frame 11. An image acquisition device (hereinafter referred to as a camera) 22 and a control device 23 having a configuration for displaying an image acquired by the camera 22 on a display 21 are provided.

  The display 21, the camera 22, and the control device 23 are connected by a signal line (not shown). In addition, 3 indicates a driver 3 of the crane 1 and 15 indicates a driver seat 15.

  FIG. 2 shows an outline of the driver's cab 2 with the visual field of the driver 3 added. The driver | operator 3 can visually observe the container etc. in the outer side of the cab 2 through the lower glass surface 13 and the front glass surface 14 similarly to the conventional crane. The driver's field of view P1 is in the same range as before. Further, the camera 22 installed on the outside of the lower frame body 11 can acquire an image of the outside of the lower frame body 11 that becomes the blind spot of the driver 3. The field of view P2 of the camera is set so as to compensate for the blind spot of the driver 3.

  FIG. 3 shows an outline of the viewpoint of the driver 3 in the cab 2. The cab 2 includes a lower frame 11 and a side frame 12 that form the wall surface of the cab 2, and a lower glass surface 13 and a front glass surface 14 supported by the frames 11, 12. Yes. In addition, the cab 2 has a display 21 arranged so as to cover at least a part of the inside (driver side) of the lower frame 11. The display 21 displays an image acquired by a camera 22 (not shown) disposed outside the lower frame 11 (container side). That is, the display 21 can display the container existing at the blind spot generated by the lower frame 11 as the container C ′ displayed on the display.

  Next, the operation of the cab 2 will be described. First, an image of the outside (container side) of the lower frame 11 that is a blind spot of the driver 3 is acquired by the camera 22 installed in the cab 2. The control device 23 displays the image acquired by the camera 22 on the display 21. At this time, it is preferable that the control device 23 has a configuration in which the driver 3 displays the container C ′ and the like displayed on the display and the peripheral container C and the like so that they can be recognized without a sense of discomfort. Specifically, the control device 23 displays the container C ′ and the like displayed on the display so that the containers C and the like in the periphery thereof have substantially the same size and substantially the same luminance and color tone. With this configuration, the driver 3 can ensure the same field of view as when the lower frame 11 is not present. Moreover, the control apparatus 23 displays the image acquired with the camera 22 on the display 21 desirably continuously and without time difference, updating sequentially.

  With this configuration, the cab 2 can obtain the following effects. 1stly, the raise of the manufacturing cost of the cab 2 can be suppressed by this invention. This is because the installation cost of the display 21 and the camera 22 is relatively low.

  Secondly, the safety of cargo handling work can be improved by the present invention. This is because the blind spot of the driver 3 generated by the lower frame 11 is complemented by the image acquired by the camera 22 and displayed on the display 21.

  Third, accumulation of fatigue of the driver 3 can be suppressed. This is because the safety of an area that has been a blind spot in the past can be easily confirmed via the display 21. Specifically, for example, even when the worker is moving between the containers C ′ displayed on the display, the driver 3 can easily recognize the presence of the worker.

  The cab 2 may be configured to have a display 21 arranged so as to cover the entire lower frame 11. With this configuration, the blind spot of the driver 3 can be further reduced. In addition, the cab 2 may be configured to include a plurality of displays 21 and a plurality of cameras 22 respectively corresponding to the displays 21. With this configuration, the blind spot of the driver 3 can be reduced as described above. Further, the cab 2 may be configured to have a display 21 and a camera 22 installed on the side frame 12. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the blind spot generated by the side frame 12.

  In addition, even if the wall surface of the cab is made of another transparent member such as an acrylic plate instead of the glass surface, the present invention can be employed in the same manner as described above. Moreover, even if the cab has a configuration different from the frame bodies 11 and 12 shown in FIG. 3 and a different number, the present invention can be employed in the same manner as described above. In particular, in such a case, the display 21 and the camera 22 need to be visually observed by the driver 3 and are preferably arranged preferentially in a portion that becomes a blind spot by the frame.

  In FIG. 4, the outline of the container terminal 30 which has the cab 2A of different embodiment of this invention is shown. The container terminal 30 includes a crane 1A having an cab 2A and a management system 31 installed in the container terminal 30. The management system 31 stores information such as a plan for a cargo handling operation of the container C, a unique number of the container C, and a storage position. In addition, the management system 31 has a configuration in which a signal from the beacon vest worn by the worker 32 in the container terminal 30 is received and the positions at which the plurality of workers 32 are working are sequentially grasped. You may do it. Here, 33 indicates a container ship.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of an image displayed on the display 21 installed in the cab 2A. The display 21 displays a container C or the like acquired by a camera 22 (not shown) as a container C ′ displayed on the display. At this time, the control device 23A (not shown) has a configuration in which the work instruction 24 for cargo handling work acquired from the management system 31 shown in FIG.

  The work instruction 24 of the cargo handling work displays a unique number, a storage position, and the like of the container C that is a cargo handling target. Further, the control device 23A is configured to display the work instruction 24 in a translucent state so that the driver 3 can also visually recognize the container C ′ displayed on the display located behind the area where the work instruction 24 is displayed. It is desirable to have.

  With this configuration, the following operational effects can be obtained. First, accumulation of fatigue of the driver 3 can be suppressed. This is because the driver 3 looks at the container C and the C ′ displayed on the display through the glass surfaces 13 and 14 and the display 21 and performs the cargo handling work displayed on the display 21 without raising the body. This is because the instruction 24 can be confirmed. That is, the driver 3 can simultaneously confirm the container C and the work instruction 24 as a cargo handling target without raising their bodies and moving their heads almost.

  Secondly, the safety of cargo handling work can be improved. This is because the blind spot due to the display of the work instruction 24 does not occur due to the configuration in which the work instruction 24 is displayed in a translucent state through which the image on the back side is transmitted.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of an image displayed on the display 21 installed in the cab 2B according to another embodiment of the present invention. The controller 23B (not shown) of the cab 2B is configured to identify the container C to be handled from the information acquired by the management system 31 such as the unique number and storage position of the container C and the image acquired by the camera 22 (not shown). have. Further, the control device 23B has a configuration for displaying container display symbols 25 and 26 indicating the container C as a cargo handling target on the display 21. The container display symbols 25 and 26 are symbols that are displayed so that the driver 3 can easily find the container C to be handled from among the plurality of containers C.

  Next, an example of the operation of the control device 23B will be described. First, the control device 23B acquires a work instruction 24 for cargo handling work from the management system 31 installed in the container terminal 30. This work instruction 24 includes information on the unique number of the container and the storage position. Further, the control device 23B reads the unique number printed on the upper surface of the container from the image acquired by the camera 22 using an OCR (optical character reader) or the like. As described above, the control device 23B can recognize which of the containers C ′ displayed on the display corresponds to the container C included in the work instruction 24 as the container C to be handled.

  Thereafter, the control device 23B displays on the display 21 container display symbols 25 and 26 indicating the container C that is a cargo handling target. Specifically, the control device 23B can display, for example, a container display symbol 25 such as an arrow, a container display symbol 26 for applying color or hatching on the image of the container C ′ displayed on the display, and the like. The driver 3 handles the container C indicated by the container display symbols 25 and 26.

With this configuration, accumulation of fatigue of the driver 3 can be further suppressed. This is because the driver 3 can easily find the container C that is the object of cargo handling from the plurality of containers C.

  In addition, when the operator 32 is in the image of the display 21, the control device 23 </ b> B desirably has a configuration for displaying an operator display symbol 27 indicating the presence of the operator. At this time, the control device 23B is controlled as follows. First, the control device 23B sequentially acquires position information (two-dimensional coordinates) of the worker 32 accumulated in the management system 31 from the management system 31 by using the beacon vest. Further, the control device 23B identifies the unique number of the container as described above, and estimates the position (two-dimensional coordinates) of the range displayed on the display 21 from this unique number. Thereafter, the control device 23B compares the two-dimensional coordinates of the range displayed on the display 21 with the two-dimensional coordinates obtained from the position information of the worker 32, and the operator 32 within the range displayed on the display 21. Identify the location. Finally, the control device 23B displays a circle, an arrow, and the like centered on the worker 32 on the display 21.

  With this configuration, the safety of cargo handling work can be further improved. This is because the driver 3 can easily recognize the presence of the worker 32. Moreover, accumulation of fatigue of the driver 3 can be further suppressed. This is because the driver 3 can easily recognize the position of the worker 32.

  Here, the container display symbols 25 and 26 and the worker display symbol 27 may be configured to blink in order to further improve the visibility of the driver 3. Further, the container C scheduled to be handled after the next time may be displayed by changing the type of the container display symbols 25 and 26. Further, the shapes and methods of the container display symbols 25 and 26 and the worker display symbol 27 are not limited to the above example. Any symbol that improves the visibility of the driver 3 can be arbitrarily selected and adopted.

  In addition, the control device may be configured to display the work instruction 24 in addition to the display of the container display symbols 25 and 26 or the worker display symbol 27, etc. You may comprise so that the information which should be displayed on can be selected.

  The driver's cab 2, 2A, 2B of the present invention can obtain the highest effect when applied to the quay crane 1, but can also be used for other container cranes such as a portal crane. The cabs 2, 2A, 2B of the present invention can also be employed in cranes other than container cranes such as unloaders that handle loose loads. Thereby, the safety | security of the cargo handling work by a crane can be improved like the above-mentioned.

  Furthermore, it is good also as a structure which installs at least 1 tablet-type terminal as the display 21 in a driver's cab. As this tablet-type terminal, it is possible to adopt a device that has a display and a control device as one body and is equipped with a camera. With this configuration, an increase in the manufacturing cost of the cab can be further suppressed. At this time, the tablet type terminal is configured to be connected to a signal line of a camera installed on the outside (container side) of the frame. In addition, if the image of the outside of the frame (container side) can be acquired with a camera already mounted on a tablet-type terminal, such as when the width of the frame is narrow, use the camera mounted on the terminal as it is. You may comprise as follows.

1, 1A Crane 2, 2A, 2B Operator's cab 11 Lower frame (frame)
12 Side frame (frame)
13 Lower glass surface (glass surface)
14 Front glass surface (glass surface)
15 Driver's seat 21 Image display device (display)
22 Image acquisition device (camera)
23 Control device 24 Work instruction 25 Container display symbol 26 Container display symbol 27 Worker display symbol C Container C 'Container 30 displayed on display Container terminal 31 Management system

Claims (6)

A crane cab having a glass surface supported by a frame,
An image display device in which the cab is installed inside the frame, an image acquisition device that acquires an image outside the frame, and an image acquired by the image acquisition device on the image display device A control device having a configuration to display,
Wherein the controller, when the operator is within the image of the image display device, if you have a structure for displaying the operator display symbols indicating the presence of the operator on the image display device,
Cab of the crane, characterized in that have a structure that the positional information of the worker that is stored in the management system through the use of beacons best to wear of the operator, wherein the controller sequentially obtained from the management system. The control device is displayed on the image display device from the container unique number and storage location information acquired from the management system and the container unique number identified from the image acquired by the image acquisition device. Estimating the position of the range,
Compare this position with the position information of the worker, identify the position of the worker within the range displayed on the image display device, and display the worker display symbol centered on the worker The cab of the crane according to claim 1 , having a configuration for displaying on an image display device. The crane cab according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the control device displays a work instruction for cargo handling work on an image acquired by the image acquisition device in a translucent state through which the image is transmitted. A crane cab having a glass surface supported by a frame,
An image display device in which the cab is installed inside the frame, an image acquisition device that acquires an image outside the frame, and an image acquired by the image acquisition device on the image display device A control device having a configuration to display,
Container wherein the controller, showing structure and displaying the operator display symbols indicating the presence of the operator if there are operators in the image of the image display device to the image display device, which is a cargo handling target container have a structure for displaying the indicia on the image display device,
A crane cab characterized in that the container display symbol is constituted by an arrow indicating the container to be handled, or a color or hatching applied on an image of the container . The crane cab according to claim 4 , wherein the container display symbol indicates the container that is scheduled to be handled after the next time. A crane having the cab according to any one of claims 1 to 5 .

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