JP6254487B2 - Hot water storage water heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus installed via an antifreeze water drain plug.

  Conventionally, in this type of hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, as shown in FIG. 3, a hot water storage tank 101 for storing hot water, heating means 102 for heating the hot water in the hot water storage tank 101, and water supply to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 are provided. A water supply pipe 103 to be discharged, an upper hot water discharge pipe 104 to be discharged from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101, an intermediate hot water discharge pipe 105 to be discharged from an intermediate part of the hot water storage tank 101, and an upper hot water discharge pipe 104 and an intermediate hot water discharge pipe 105 A valve 106, a hot water supply pipe 107 connected to the hot water outlet side of the three-way valve 106, and a negative pressure intake valve 108 that sucks air when the hot water storage tank 101 is in a predetermined negative pressure state. When there is hot water in the part, there is one that tries to pour all or part of the hot water from the intermediate tapping pipe 105 (see Patent Document 1).

  In cold regions, an antifreeze drain plug 109 for draining hot water in the water supply pipe 103 and the hot water supply pipe 107 is provided in order to prevent freezing of the water supply pipe 103 and the hot water supply pipe 107 near the ground surface or in the house. In some cases, a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus is installed. The antifreezing water drain plug 109 is buried below the freezing depth determined for each region, and can be manually or electrically switched to a drained state or a water supply state, as shown in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3. Things are known.

JP 2003-240342 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-175963 JP 2001-4056 A

  However, in such a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, with the three-way valve 106 communicating with the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 105 side, the hot water from the water supply pipe 103 and the hot water supply pipe 107 is discharged with the antifreeze drain plug 109 drained. If the three-way valve 106 communicates with the intermediate hot water pipe 105 side when the antifreeze water drain plug 109 is in a drained state, the middle of the hot water storage tank 101 is drained from the hot water supply pipe 107 by siphon phenomenon. The hot water in the upper part is sucked out from the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 105 and air is introduced from the negative pressure intake valve 108, and the hot water in the hot water storage tank 101 is drained until the water level drops to the connection position of the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 105. There was a problem.

To the invention solve the above problems, in particular its configuration, the hot water storage tank for hot water storage hot water, a heating means for heating the hot water of the hot water storage tank, a water supply pipe for supplying water to the hot water storage tank bottom, the hot water storage tank An upper tapping pipe that pours out hot water, an intermediate tapping pipe that pours out hot water from the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank, switching means for selecting one of the upper tapping pipe and the intermediate tapping pipe, and a tapping side of the switching means a hot water supply pipe that is, the antifreeze vent plug to prevent freezing and draining residual water in the water supply pipe and the hot water supply pipe by being opened to connect to the water supply pipe and hot water supply pipe, the outer for detecting the outside air temperature An air temperature sensor, a remote controller that outputs various settings and driving instructions, a hot water pipe that branches from the hot water pipe and communicates with the bathtub, an electromagnetic on-off valve provided in the middle of the hot water pipe, and an output of the remote controller said heating hand received by In that and a control unit for controlling and switching換手stage, the control unit of the switching means and the ambient temperature sensor detects a predetermined temperature or lower, communicates the upper tapping pipe side, the intermediate tapping The outside air temperature sensor detects a temperature equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, and the switching means is connected to the upper outlet water pipe side and the intermediate outlet water pipe side is closed. by indication of bath operation for opening the solenoid valve by pressing the switch of the remote control is, the switching means and closing the upper tapping pipe side, the intermediate tapping pipe side and switching to a state that communicates Is.

As described above, according to the present invention, the intermediate temperature of the hot water storage tank and the intermediate hot water pipe are no matter what time the non-freezing water drain plug is operated due to the outside air temperature falling to the freezing risk temperature. The communication on the side is blocked and siphon phenomenon does not occur, and the drainage of the hot water in the hot water storage tank is obstructed in advance, but this state continues without operating the antifreeze water drain plug When a bath-related operation that uses a lot of medium temperature water in the hot water storage tank is instructed near the optimum temperature, the medium temperature water cannot be used and the efficiency deteriorates, so the additional hot water switch or hot water hot water switch on the remote control is pressed. In response to the instruction of the bath operation to open the electromagnetic on-off valve , the switching means is closed on the upper tapping pipe side and switched to the original state communicating with the intermediate tapping pipe side. the electromagnetic on-off valve open and high-temperature hot water feed Wasting hot water available in the hot water in the bath operating conventional as improved efficiency can be achieved without the use, it is possible to get a good hot water bath efficiency while eliminating waste of the waste and energy of water resources for Is.

The schematic block diagram of one Embodiment of this invention. The flowchart for demonstrating the action | operation of the same embodiment. The schematic block diagram of the conventional hot water storage type hot-water supply apparatus.

Next, a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, 2 is a water supply pipe connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1, 3 is an upper hot water discharge pipe connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 1, and 4 is an intermediate hot water discharge pipe connected to the intermediate part of the hot water storage tank 1. Reference numeral 5 denotes a three-way valve as a switching means for switching hot water from the upper hot water discharge pipe 3 and hot water from the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 4, 6 is a water supply bypass pipe branched from the water supply pipe 2, and 7 is a three-way valve. 5 is a mixing valve capable of mixing the hot water from 5 and the water from the water supply bypass pipe 6 and changing the mixing ratio, and 8 is a hot water supply for supplying hot water mixed by the mixing valve 7 to a hot water supply terminal (not shown). A pipe 9 is a circulation circuit in which hot and cold water is connected to the lower and upper portions of the hot water storage tank 1, and 10 is a circulation pump which is provided in the middle of the circulation circuit 9 and whose rotation speed can be varied.

  11 is a compressor with a variable number of revolutions that compresses and discharges the refrigerant. 12, the refrigerant from the compressor 11 circulates on the primary side and the water in the circulation circuit 9 circulates on the secondary side, and radiates heat from the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant. A water refrigerant heat exchanger for heating water, 13 is a variable pressure decompressor for decompressing and expanding the refrigerant from the water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, and 14 is an evaporation for evaporating the refrigerant decompressed by the decompressor 13. , 15 is a blower with a variable number of revolutions for supplying atmospheric heat to the evaporator 14, and the compressor 11, the water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the decompressor 13, and the evaporator 14 constitute a heating means 16. .

  A water supply pressure reducing valve 17 is provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 2 and reduces the city water to a constant water pressure (for example, a set pressure value of 170 kPa). The water supply pressure reducing valve 17 supplies hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 upstream of the water supply pressure reducing valve 17. It also has the function of a check valve that does not flow back to the side. A negative pressure intake valve 18 is provided in communication with the upper portion of the hot water storage tank 1 and opens when the pressure in the hot water storage tank 1 becomes negative, and 19 is a water supply pressure reducing valve. 17 is embedded in the ground below the freezing depth through a position branched from the primary side and the hot water supply pipe 8 to stop the water supply and to drain the water supply pipe 2 and the hot water supply pipe 8. A stopper, 19a is an operation handle of the antifreeze water drain plug 19, 19b is a drain port of the antifreeze water drain plug 19, and 19c is a hot water outlet of the antifreeze water drain plug 19.

  A plurality of hot water storage sensors 20a to e are provided on the upper and lower sides of the hot water storage tank 1 to detect the hot water storage temperature in the hot water storage tank 1, and 21 is provided in the middle of the hot water supply pipe 8 to detect the hot water supply flow rate based on the rotational speed of the internal impeller. A hot water flow rate sensor as hot water flow rate detection means, 22 is a hot water temperature sensor for detecting the hot water temperature, 23 is a hot water temperature sensor for detecting the hot water temperature, and 24 is provided in the middle of the circulation circuit 9 and flows into the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 12. An incoming water temperature sensor 25 detects the temperature of the hot water (incoming water temperature), and 25 is a boiling temperature sensor which is provided in the middle of the circulation circuit 9 and detects the temperature (boiling temperature) of the hot water returning from the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 12 to the hot water storage tank 1. , 26 is a discharge temperature sensor for detecting the temperature (discharge temperature) of the refrigerant flowing from the compressor 11 into the water refrigerant heat exchanger 12.

  Reference numeral 27 denotes a hot water supply temperature setting switch 27a for setting a desired hot water supply temperature (hot water supply set temperature), an additional hot water switch 27b for adding a set amount of hot water at the bath set temperature to the bath, and hot water to the bath. This is a remote controller having a hot water supply switch 27c for reheating and a display 27d for displaying a hot water supply set temperature, an additional hot water temperature, an additional hot water amount, and the hot hot water inside.

  Reference numeral 28 denotes hot water storage temperature sensors 20a to 20e, hot water supply flow rate sensor 21, hot water supply temperature sensor 22, supply water temperature sensor 23, incoming water temperature sensor 24, boiling temperature sensor 25, discharge temperature sensor 26, and outside air temperature sensor 29. And a controller that is communicably connected to the remote controller 27 and controls the operation of the three-way valve 5, the mixing valve 7, the circulation pump 10, the compressor 11, the decompressor 13, and the blower 15 according to a program stored in advance.

  The control unit 28 is provided with a drain release means 28a, and the control unit 28 detects the three-way valve 5 at the upper hot water pipe when the outside air temperature sensor 29 detects a predetermined freezing temperature or lower, here 0 ° C or lower. 3 is connected so that the intermediate hot water pipe 4 side is closed, and in this state, the opening operation of the antifreezing water drain plug 19 is awaited. When the hot water switch 27b or the hot water hot water switch 27c is pressed, the drain release means 28a of the control unit 28 detects this and closes the three-way valve 5 on the upper hot water discharge pipe 3 side, By switching to the original state of communication, the medium temperature water in the hot water storage tank 1 is used for bath operation.

  30 is a hot water pipe that branches off from the hot water supply pipe 8 and communicates with a bathtub 31 that constitutes a bath, and is provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve 32 in the middle, and is pressed by an additional hot water switch 27b or a hot water hot water switch 27c of the remote control 27. The electromagnetic on-off valve 32 that is normally closed is opened to enable a bath operation.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
When the hot water supply terminal is opened and hot water supply is started, when there is a large amount of hot water detected by the hot water storage temperature sensors 20a to 20e and there is hot water near the middle part of the hot water storage tank 1, the control unit 28 has a three-way valve. 5 is connected to the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 4 side and the upper hot water discharge pipe 3 side is closed, hot water is discharged from the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank 1, and the hot water supply temperature detected by the hot water supply temperature sensor 22 is set to the hot water supply temperature. Adjust the water temperature so that it is hot. On the other hand, when the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 1 is reduced and there is no hot water in the vicinity of the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank 1, the control unit 28 closes the three-way valve 5 on the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 4 side and closes the upper hot water discharge pipe 3 side. As the state of communication, the hot water is discharged from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1.

  As described above, when the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 is sufficient, the hot water is discharged from the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank 1, and when the amount of hot water is not sufficient, the hot water is discharged from the upper portion of the hot water storage tank 1. The hot water whose temperature has decreased can be consumed before the hot water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1, so hot hot water remains in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1, and the hot water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 is not supplied from the hot water. You can leave a cold water supply.

  Then, when the midnight time zone in which the power unit price is low is reached, the control unit 28 detects the rated heating capacity of the heating means 16 with the boiling target temperature and the hot water storage temperature sensor 20e at the bottom, and the heated water at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1 is detected. The target circulation amount of water to be heated that is allowed to pass through the heating means 16 by dividing by the temperature difference from the temperature of the above is calculated, and from the relationship (formula or data map) between the target circulation amount and the target rotation speed stored in advance, The target rotational speed of the circulation pump 10 corresponding to the target circulation amount is set, the operation of the compressor 11, the decompressor 13 and the blower 15 is started to drive the heating means 16 and the circulation pump 10 is driven at the target rotational speed. Then start boiling operation.

  At this time, hot water that can be used as hot water the next day and cold water supply are left in the hot water storage tank 1, and hot water at an intermediate temperature is discharged as much as possible, so that it remains in the heat pump heating means 16. When raising the temperature, the boiling operation can be performed in a state where the COP (heating efficiency) is good.

  When the hot water storage temperature sensor 20e at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1 detects that the temperature has reached or exceeded a predetermined temperature, or when the current time reaches the end time of the midnight time zone, the control unit 28 causes the compressor 11 and the decompressor 13 to The operation of the blower 15 is stopped to stop the heating means 16 and the circulation pump 10 is stopped to end the boiling operation.

  At this time, when the controller 28 performs a boiling operation until the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 1 falls below the position where the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 4 is attached, this is detected by the hot water storage temperature sensors 20a to 20e. The valve 5 is connected to the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 4 side and the upper hot water discharge pipe 3 side is closed so that hot water can be discharged from the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank 1 simultaneously with the start of hot water supply.

  Next, in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus shown in FIG. 1, when there is a possibility of freezing in winter, the antifreeze drain plug 19 is opened and drained by the user, and the release is based on the flowchart shown in FIG. explain.

  When the outside air temperature sensor 29 detects below a predetermined freezing temperature or below 0 ° C. in this winter season (step S1), the process proceeds to step S2 with YES, and the control unit 28 communicates the three-way valve 5 with the upper hot water pipe 3 side. The intermediate hot water discharge pipe 4 is switched so as to be closed, and in this state, the opening operation of the antifreeze water drain plug 19 is awaited, and the operation handle 19a of the antifreeze water drain plug 19 is provided. When the user operates to open and start the drainage operation, the water in the water supply pipe 2 and the hot water in the hot water supply pipe 8 are discharged from the drainage port 19b and the drainage port 19c of the antifreeze drain plug 19, respectively. Since the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 4 side of the three-way valve 5 is closed and is not connected to the intermediate part of the hot water storage tank 1, drainage of the hot water from the hot water storage tank 1 due to siphon phenomenon is prevented and can be used with peace of mind. Yes, water It is intended to prevent waste and waste of energy sources.

  On the other hand, as shown in step S3 from the state of step S2, when the additional hot water switch 27b or the high temperature hot water switch 27c of the remote controller 27 is pressed, the process proceeds to step S4 in YES, and the drain release means 28a of the control unit 28 is activated. By detecting this, the three-way valve 5 is closed on the upper hot water discharge pipe 3 side and switched to the original state communicating with the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 4 side so that the medium temperature water in the hot water storage tank 1 can be used for bath operation. In step S5, an efficient hot water bath is obtained by suppressing the use of high-temperature water and using hot water in step S5, and after completion of bath operation in step S5 and after completion in step S6. When the count starts and 5 minutes elapses from the end, the process returns to step S2 with YES, and the control unit 28 causes the three-way valve 5 to communicate with the upper hot water discharge pipe 3 side, and the intermediate hot water Switch to close the 4 side and wait for the opening operation of the antifreeze drain plug 19, and when the bath operation ends, it will automatically return to its original state and wait for freezing prevention at any time, It is extremely easy to use.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot water storage tank 2 Water supply pipe 3 Upper hot water discharge pipe 4 Intermediate hot water supply pipe 5 Three-way valve (switching means)
8 Hot water supply pipe 16 Heating means 19 Antifreeze water drain plug 27 Remote control 28 Control unit 28a Water drain release means 29 Outside air temperature sensor

Claims (1)

Tapping a hot water storage tank for hot water storage hot water, a heating means for heating the hot water of the hot water storage tank, a water supply pipe for supplying water to the hot water storage tank bottom, and an upper hot water pipe for hot water from the hot water storage tank top, from the hot water storage tank intermediate portion An intermediate hot water pipe, a switching means for selecting one of the upper hot water pipe and the intermediate hot water pipe, a hot water pipe connected to the hot water side of the switching means, and connected to the hot water pipe and the hot water pipe for opening. and antifreeze vent plug to prevent freezing and draining residual water in the water supply pipe and the hot water supply pipe by being, and outside air temperature sensor for detecting outside temperature, and the remote controller for outputting various settings and driving instructions, a hot water filling pipe communicating to the branched bathtub from the hot water supply pipe, an electromagnetic on-off valve provided in the water filling pipe midway, and a control unit for controlling the heating means and switching換手stage receiving the output of said remote control In what we have It said switching means and the control unit the ambient temperature sensor detects a predetermined temperature or less, the communicating the upper hot water pipe side, and at Setsu換Ru intended to close the intermediate tapping pipe side, said outdoor temperature sensor detects a predetermined temperature or less, said switching means, said upper tapping pipe side are communicated, said in a state where the intermediate tapping pipe side is closed, bath operation for opening the solenoid valve by pressing the switch of the remote control by instruction is, the switching means and closing the upper tapping pipe side, the intermediate tapping tube side and the hot-water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim Setsu換Ru that in a state of communicating.

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