JP6216881B2 - 単結晶合金部品の積層製造 - Google Patents
単結晶合金部品の積層製造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6216881B2 JP6216881B2 JP2016529883A JP2016529883A JP6216881B2 JP 6216881 B2 JP6216881 B2 JP 6216881B2 JP 2016529883 A JP2016529883 A JP 2016529883A JP 2016529883 A JP2016529883 A JP 2016529883A JP 6216881 B2 JP6216881 B2 JP 6216881B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/144—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing particles, e.g. powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
- C30B11/003—Heating or cooling of the melt or the crystallised material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
- C30B11/005—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method by irradiation or electric discharge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/52—Alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
- H05B3/0038—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications
- H05B3/0061—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications for metal treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
- H05B6/101—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications for local heating of metal pieces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
- B22F12/67—Blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/30—Manufacture with deposition of material
- F05D2230/31—Layer deposition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/20—Rotors
- F05D2240/24—Rotors for turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Description
12 ダブテール
14 ブレードシャンク、シャンク
16 プラットフォーム
18 中空翼形部、翼形部
20 根元部
22 先端
24 凹面正圧側壁、正圧側壁
26 凸面負圧側壁、負圧側壁
28 前縁
30 後縁
32 後縁冷却穴
34 先端キャップ
36 直立スキーラ先端、スキーラ先端
38 負圧側先端壁
40 正圧側先端壁、先端壁
44 フィルム冷却孔
100 装置
112 テーブル
114 断熱材、粉末供給部
116 スクレーパ
118 オーバーフロー容器
120 ビルドプラットフォーム
121 アクチュエータ
122 ビルドエンクロージャ
124 指向性エネルギー源
126 ビームステアリング装置
128 作業平面、作業表面
130 中央開口部
132 供給開口部
134 オーバーフロー開口部
136 アクチュエータ
138 供給容器
140 昇降機
142 アクチュエータ
144 外部熱制御装置、断熱材
146 外部熱制御装置、ヒータ
148 電源
150 外部熱制御装置、クォーツランプ
154 誘導ヒータ
154’ 誘導ヒータ
154 外部熱制御装置、誘導ヒータ
156 誘導コイル、コイル
156’ 誘導コイル
158 電源
158’ 電源
159 アーム
160 シードエレメント
161 アクチュエータ
210 タービンブレード
212 ダブテール
214 ブレードシャンク、シャンク
216 プラットフォーム
218 中空翼形部、翼形部
219 先端部分
220 根元部
221 単結晶ホイル
222 先端
P 金属粉末、粉末
C 金属部品、部品
B エネルギービーム
S 焦点スポット
Claims (15)
- 部品(C)の製造方法であって、
金属粉末(P)を作業平面(128)に堆積させる工程と、
指向性エネルギー源(124)からのビームを誘導して、部品(C)の断面層に対応するパターンに従って粉末(P)を融合させる工程と、
堆積及び融合工程を周期的に繰り返して、部品(C)を1層ずつビルドアップする工程と、
堆積及び融合のサイクルにおいて、指向性エネルギー源(124)とは別個の外部熱制御装置(144、146、150、154)を使用する工程であって、堆積及び融合時に部品(C)の温度及び加熱速度を共に制御するために外部熱制御装置(144、146、150、154)を使用して、方向性凝固又は単結晶ミクロ組織を有する部品(C)が得られるように、部品(C)の所定の温度プロファイルを維持する工程と
を含んでおり、
さらに、部品(C)の新たな指向性エネルギー融解層の上方の伸長位置へと別の誘導ヒータ(154’)を移動させて、通電しその層を所望通り加熱し、所望の加熱サイクルが終了したら、誘導ヒータ(154’)を装置の残りの部分から後退させて、次の層の粉末(P)を堆積させ、指向性エネルギーでその下の層に融解できるようにすることにより、別の誘導ヒータ(154’)を使用して、部品(C)の再融解及び凝固をより直接的に制御することを特徴とする方法。 - 粉末(P)及び部品(C)が、垂直軸に沿って移動可能なビルドプラットフォーム(120)に支持されている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 粉末(P)を融合させる各工程の後、所定の層増加分だけビルドプラットフォーム(120)を降下させる工程を更に含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 外部熱制御装置(144)が、部品(C)を取り囲む断熱材(144)の層を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 外部熱制御装置(146)が、部品(C)を取り囲むヒータ(146)を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 外部熱制御装置(150)が、部品(C)付近に配置されたクォーツランプ(150)を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 外部熱制御装置(154)が、部品(C)を取り囲む1以上の誘導コイル(154)を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 外部熱制御装置(144、146、150、154)が、部品(C)を溶体化温度で維持するために使用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 誘導ヒータ(154’)を適所に移動できるようになるまで、指向性エネルギー源(124)を使用して露出層を連続的に再融解させる、請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 金属部品(C)の製造装置であって、
所定の組成の金属粉末(P)を保持するように構成されたビルドエンクロージャ(122)と、
金属粉末(P)を融合させるのに好適なエネルギービーム(B)を生成するように動作し得る指向性エネルギー源(124)と、
エネルギービーム(B)を、金属粉末(P)に当て、部品(C)の断面層に対応するパターンに従って誘導するように動作し得るビームステアリング装置(126)と、
指向性エネルギー源(124)とは別個の外部熱制御装置(144、146、150、154)であって、堆積及び融合時に部品(C)の温度及び加熱速度を共に制御してビルドエンクロージャ(122)内の所定の温度プロファイルを維持するように動作し得る外部熱制御装置(144、146、150、154)と、
アクチュエータ(161)に接続されたアーム(159)によってビルドエンクロージャ(122)の上方に設置される誘導コイル(154’)を備える別の誘導ヒータ(154’)であって、アクチュエータ(161)が、使用位置と、ビルドエンクロージャ(122)から離れた格納位置との間で誘導コイル(156’)を移動させるように動作し得る別の誘導ヒータ(154’)と
を備える装置。 - ビルドエンクロージャ(122)内部に配置されたビルドプラットフォーム(120)であって、垂直軸に沿って移動可能なビルドプラットフォーム(120)を更に備える、請求項10に記載の装置(144、146、150、154)。
- 外部熱制御装置(144)が、部品(C)を取り囲む断熱材(144)の層を含む、請求項10に記載の装置。
- 外部熱制御装置(146)が、部品(C)を取り囲むヒータ(146)を含む、請求項10に記載の装置。
- 外部熱制御装置(144、146、150、154)が、部品(C)付近に配置されたクォーツランプを含む、請求項10に記載の装置。
- 外部熱制御装置(144、146、150、154)が、ビルドエンクロージャを取り囲む1以上の誘導コイルを含む、請求項10に記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201361904183P | 2013-11-14 | 2013-11-14 | |
| US61/904,183 | 2013-11-14 | ||
| PCT/US2014/065205 WO2015119692A2 (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2014-11-12 | Layered manufacturing of single crystal alloy components |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2017504714A JP2017504714A (ja) | 2017-02-09 |
| JP6216881B2 true JP6216881B2 (ja) | 2017-10-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016529883A Active JP6216881B2 (ja) | 2013-11-14 | 2014-11-12 | 単結晶合金部品の積層製造 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US10569362B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3068929B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6216881B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN105705278B (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2930572C (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2015119692A2 (ja) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8888480B2 (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2014-11-18 | Aprecia Pharmaceuticals Company | Three-dimensional printing system and equipment assembly |
| US10532556B2 (en) | 2013-12-16 | 2020-01-14 | General Electric Company | Control of solidification in laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing using a diode laser fiber array |
| JP6344004B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2018-06-20 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 単結晶の製造方法 |
| DE102015205314A1 (de) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Anlage für ein additives Herstellungsverfahren mit Heizeinrichtung für den Pulverraum |
| GB201513532D0 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2015-09-16 | Rolls Royce Plc | A method and an apparatus |
| US10343392B2 (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2019-07-09 | General Electric Company | Powder-bed additive manufacturing devices and methods |
| US20170067344A1 (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2017-03-09 | General Electric Company | Rotating component, method of forming a rotating component and apparatus for forming a rotating component |
| JP6553102B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-03 | 2019-07-31 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | ダイオードレーザファイバーアレイを用いたレーザ粉体床溶融結合付加製造における凝固制御法 |
| DE102016201836A1 (de) * | 2016-02-08 | 2017-08-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung für eine Anlage zur additiven Herstellung eines Bauteils |
| US10722946B2 (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2020-07-28 | Thomas Strangman | Methods of fabricating turbine engine components |
| US10926328B2 (en) | 2016-10-20 | 2021-02-23 | Huntington Ingalls Incorporated | System and method for in-situ inspection of additive manufacturing materials and builds |
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| CN105705278A (zh) | 2016-06-22 |
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| US11446766B2 (en) | 2022-09-20 |
| CA2930572A1 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
| US20160288266A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
| US20220362886A1 (en) | 2022-11-17 |
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