JP6184664B2 - Decontamination equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a decontamination apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to a decontamination apparatus using ultrasonic vibration.

  The Great East Japan Earthquake, which has become an unprecedented disaster, simultaneously caused radioactive contamination mainly in Fukushima Prefecture, and a large amount of radioactive material was widely scattered on the Japanese archipelago, most of which was brought to the ground by rain and snow. It was decided to get down. Radioactive material that has accumulated on the ground in this way is deposited on soil, fallen leaves, etc., and deposited on roofs, walls, concrete floors, etc., and continues to emit strong radiation, eliminating contamination by radioactive materials. There is an urgent need for decontamination work. In particular, decontamination of radioactive material deposited or deposited over a long period of time is forced to work under adverse conditions.

  As a method for decontamination of radioactive substances outdoors such as soil and roof, for example, high pressure water jet decontamination, blast decontamination by blowing blast material etc. instead of high pressure water, or so-called scrubbing that wipes with a brush or rag etc. Decontamination by a method is widely used (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). In recent years, a decontamination apparatus using ultrasonic vibration has also been provided (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

JP-A-8-94796 JP-A-9-105795 JP-A-9-257994

  However, the conventional decontamination apparatus as disclosed in the above-mentioned patent documents has a large apparatus and is often troublesome to operate. In addition, decontamination is not necessarily solid, and therefore, it has been desired to provide a means for performing decontamination simply and reliably with a compact configuration.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a decontamination apparatus that has been made in view of the above-described problems and has a compact configuration and can easily and reliably carry out decontamination of radioactive substances.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the decontamination apparatus according to the present invention intermittently transmits ultrasonic vibrations to the decontamination target via the liquid as a medium, and removes the radioactive substance from the decontamination target. A decontamination apparatus that performs decontamination by removing the vibrator, ultrasonic vibration means that vibrates the vibrator, and a tip toward the decontamination target so as to surround the vibrator , And a brush plate having a plurality of brush bristles arranged such that the tip forms a surface .

  The decontamination apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described present invention, a space in which the bristles are not disposed is formed in the vicinity of the vibrating body.

  In the above-described present invention, the decontamination apparatus according to the present invention further includes a liquid supply unit capable of supplying a liquid.

  The decontamination apparatus according to the present invention is the decontamination apparatus according to the present invention described above, wherein the ultrasonic vibration means converts an electrical signal from an ultrasonic transmitter into mechanical vibration energy, and mechanical vibration from the vibrator. And a horn through which energy is transmitted.

  The decontamination apparatus according to the present invention has a compact configuration and is a decontamination apparatus capable of simply and reliably carrying out decontamination of radioactive materials, and decontamination work for soil, roofs, walls, floors, etc. Can be used.

It is the perspective view which showed the one aspect | mode of the decontamination apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is the figure which looked at the decontamination apparatus of FIG. 2 from the decontamination object side. In FIG. 2, it is sectional drawing which showed the aspect which changed the shape of the vibrating body. It is the figure which looked at the decontamination apparatus of FIG. 4 from the decontamination object side.

  Hereinafter, the structure of the decontamination apparatus 1 which concerns on this invention is demonstrated based on drawing.

(I) Configuration of the decontamination apparatus 1:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a decontamination apparatus 1 according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the decontamination apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment performs decontamination on a decontamination target by ultrasonic vibration, and an electrical signal from an ultrasonic transmitter (not shown). The mechanical vibration energy from the horn 22 is transmitted by using the vibrator 21 for converting the mechanical vibration energy to mechanical vibration energy and the horn 22 to which the mechanical vibration energy from the vibrator 21 is transmitted as the ultrasonic vibration means 2. The vibration body 3 that vibrates and the brush portion 4 that includes the brush plate 42 that disposes the brush hair 41 disposed around the vibration body 3 are provided as basic configurations.

  An ultrasonic transmitter (not shown) serving as an ultrasonic wave transmission source converts and amplifies an input 50 Hz or 60 Hz electric signal into an electric signal such as 20 kHz, 35 kHz, or 40 kHz, for example. The voltage input to the ultrasonic transmitter is generally 100 to 240 V, but is input to and applied to the vibrator 21 in a state amplified to, for example, about 1 kV by the ultrasonic transmitter.

  An electrical signal from the ultrasonic transmitter is input to the vibrator 21 from the electrode part 212 formed on the vibrator 21. The vibrator 21 converts an electrical signal from an ultrasonic transmitter into mechanical vibration energy, and includes a piezoelectric element such as a piezoelectric element (not shown).

  A piezo piezoelectric element (not shown) included in the substantially cylindrical vibrator 21 built in the vibrator cover 211 has a property that the dimension (thickness) changes when an AC voltage is applied, and the amount of change is approximately several μm. There is a big power. As such a piezoelectric element, for example, an element having a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic plates or the like mounted so as to resonate at a half wavelength (1/2 wavelength) of the used frequency can be used. Is applied, and the applied On / Off is repeated, thereby causing the piezo piezoelectric element to expand and contract and become mechanical vibration energy.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the vibrator 21 and the horn 22 are connected and integrated by fitting a convex portion 213 formed on the vibrator 21 into a concave portion 223 formed at one end of the horn. The generated mechanical vibration energy is transmitted to the horn 22.

  In this embodiment, the horn 22 that is a resonator has a substantially cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 2, and can be formed of, for example, an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy, iron, or an iron alloy as a constituent material. The strength can be determined as appropriate depending on the required strength, cost, wear resistance, frequency used, and the like. The mechanical vibration energy transmitted to the horn 22 is amplified or attenuated inside the horn 22 and transmitted to the vibrating body 3.

  The vibrator 3 arranged so as to face the object to be decontaminated is connected and integrated with the horn 22 by fitting a convex portion (boss) 31 into a concave portion 224 formed at the other end of the horn 22, Mechanical vibration energy from the horn 22 is transmitted. The mechanical vibration energy of the vibrating body 3 is transmitted to the decontamination target using a liquid or the like as a medium, and the radioactive substance is reliably removed from the decontamination target on which the radioactive substance is deposited or deposited. Such a vibrating body 3 is preferably made of a high-hardness material. For example, a SUS (stainless steel) material such as SUS420J2 or brass can be used as a constituent material.

  The vibrator 21 is built in a vibrator cover 211, and the vibrator cover 211 is integrated with a horn cylinder 221 containing a horn 22 by fastening with a bolt 51. A cylinder cover 222 is attached around the bolt 51. The brush portion 4 includes a brush bristle 41 and a brush plate 42 on which the brush bristle 41 is disposed. The brush plate 42 is tightened and integrated with a horn cylinder 221 containing a horn 22 and a bolt 52. ing. In this way, the respective members constituting the ultrasonic vibration means 2 are integrated, and the ultrasonic vibration means 2 and the brush portion 4 are integrated. In order to reduce the load of the oscillating motion of the horn 22 up and down, a screw 53 is interposed under the cylinder cover 222.

  A plurality of bristles 41 are arranged on the brush plate 42 so that the tips thereof are directed toward the decontamination object, and constitute the brush unit 4. Since the bristle 41 is disposed so that the tip 411 faces the object to be decontaminated so as to surround the vibrating body 3, the liquid can be held between the adjacent bristle 41 during the decontamination work, and the debris can be reliably removed. Dyeing will be done. The brush bristles 41 may be made of, for example, a synthetic resin such as nylon, polypropylene, or vinyl chloride, or a metal material such as iron, stainless steel, or steel. Moreover, what is necessary is just to determine suitably sizes and numbers, such as thickness and length, according to the state etc. of decontamination object. The tip of the vibrating body 3 is flush with the tip of the bristles 41, or the tip of the vibrating body 3 is retracted from the tip 41 of the bristles when viewed from the decontamination target side. Also good.

  FIG. 3 is a view of the decontamination apparatus 1 of FIG. 2 as viewed from the decontamination target side. As shown in FIG. 3, in the vicinity of the vibrating body 3 (generally, it is preferably 1.5 cm or less from the end of the vibrating body 3, particularly preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 cm). A space X is formed so that 41 is not provided. By not providing the bristle 41 in the vicinity of the vibrating body 3 in this way, a space X can be formed in the vicinity of the vibrating body 3, and a liquid necessary as a medium in ultrasonic vibration can be supplied to the vibrating body 3. Since it can be held in such a nearby space, decontamination work by ultrasonic vibration can be performed efficiently.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the vibrating body 3 is a button shape in a cross-sectional view. As such a shape, if the contact surface with the decontamination target is made small, the vibration body 3 is removed. The target to be dyed is not flat and has a shape suitable for a surface with an appropriate level difference or a wavy surface (for example, a tiled roof). Material can be removed.

  The shape of the vibrating body 3 can be determined by the surface shape of the decontamination target so that the ultrasonic vibration (mechanical vibration energy) of the vibrating body 3 can be efficiently transmitted to the decontamination target. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a mode in which the shape of the vibrating body 3 is changed in FIG. 2, in which the shape of the vibrating body 3 is made flat and the area is made larger than the shape of the vibrating body 3 shown in FIG. Is shown. Moreover, FIG. 5 is the figure which looked at the decontamination apparatus 1 of FIG. 4 from the decontamination object side similarly to FIG. The shape of the vibrating body 3 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is a shape suitable when the decontamination target is relatively flat such as soil or floor.

  In the decontamination apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the brush plate 42 has a hole that becomes the liquid supply unit 6. The liquid supply unit 6 is connected to a hose (both not shown) connected to the liquid tank, and the desired liquid stored in the liquid tank is allowed to flow into the liquid supply unit 6 through the hose. Allow liquid to be supplied to the subject. Examples of the liquid that can be used at the time of decontamination include water and liquids usually used for decontamination of radioactive substances, such as liquids containing surfactants and chelating agents, detergents, etc. RO water (water that has passed through a reverse osmosis membrane) may be used.

  In order to perform the decontamination work using the decontamination apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the vibrator 3 of the decontamination apparatus 1 is opposed to the decontamination target on the soil, floor, roof, or the like that is the decontamination target. Then, an ultrasonic generator (not shown) is operated to apply an electronic signal to the vibrator 21. Then, an electric signal is converted into mechanical vibration energy by the vibrator 21, and the mechanical vibration energy is transmitted from the vibrator 21 to the horn 22 and from the horn 22 to the vibration body 3. Mechanical vibration energy) is intermittently transmitted to the decontamination target through the medium liquid, thereby removing the deposited and deposited radioactive material from the decontamination target and mixing it with the medium liquid. Thereafter, the dirty liquid containing the radioactive substance may be removed by the brush hair 41 constituting the brush portion 4.

  In the configuration of the present embodiment, the joint attachment portion 71 is disposed on the brush plate 42 via the hinge 72. The decontamination work can be performed by inserting a rod-shaped joint (not shown) into the insertion portion 73 of the joint attachment portion 71 and freely moving the decontamination apparatus 1.

(II) Effects of the present invention:
In the decontamination apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment described above, the vibrating body 3 is disposed so as to face the decontamination target when performing the decontamination work by ultrasonically vibrating the vibrating body 3 by the ultrasonic vibration means 2. 3, a plurality of brush bristles 41 arranged with a tip 411 directed toward a decontamination target are configured as a brush unit 4 arranged on a brush plate 42. Since the liquid can be held between the adjacent brush hairs 41, it is possible to simply and reliably carry out the decontamination of the radioactive substance. The decontamination apparatus 1 can be used for decontamination work such as soil, roof, wall, and floor.

(III) Variation of the embodiment:
The aspect described above shows one aspect of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and has the configuration of the present invention and can achieve the objects and effects. It goes without saying that modifications and improvements within the scope are included in the content of the present invention. Further, the specific structure, shape, and the like in carrying out the present invention are not problematic as other structures, shapes, and the like as long as the objects and effects of the present invention can be achieved. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications and improvements within the scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 1 and the like, the configuration that enables the liquid supply unit 6 to be formed in the brush plate 41 so that the liquid can be supplied to the decontamination target has been described. The liquid serving as the medium may be directly supplied from the outside by a hose or the like without forming the supply unit 6.

In the above-described embodiment, the ultrasonic vibration means 2 is configured such that the vibrator 21 and the horn 22 are connected to transmit the mechanical vibration energy from the vibrator 21 directly to the horn 22. Further, a booster (not shown) is interposed between the horn 22 and the amplitude transmitted from the vibrator 21 by the booster. The mechanical vibration energy adjusted by the booster is transmitted to the horn 22. Good.
In addition, the specific structure, shape, and the like in the implementation of the present invention may be other structures as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be advantageously used as a means for decontaminating radioactive contamination of soil, roofs, floors, etc., and has very high industrial applicability.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Decontamination apparatus 2 ... Ultrasonic vibration means 21 ... Vibrator 211 ... Vibrator cover 212 ... Electrode part 213 ... Convex part 22 ... Horn 221 ... Horn cylinder 222 ... Cylinder cover 223 ... ... Concave part 224 ... Concave part 3 ... Vibrating body 31 ... Convex part 4 ... Brush part 41 ... Brush bristle 411 ... Brush bristle tip 42 ... Brush arrangement plate 51 ... Bolt 52 ... Bolt 53 ... ... Spring 6 ... Liquid supply part (hole)
71 ...... Joint fitting part 72 ...... Hinge 73 ...... Insertion part X …… Space

Claims (4)

A decontamination apparatus that performs decontamination by removing ultrasonic substances intermittently through a liquid as a medium to a decontamination object and removing radioactive substances from the decontamination object,
A vibrating body,
Ultrasonic vibration means for vibrating the vibrating body;
A brush plate having a plurality of brush bristles arranged so that the tip is directed to the decontamination target and the tip forms a surface so as to surround the vibrating body;
A decontamination apparatus comprising:   The decontamination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a space in which the bristles are not disposed is formed in the vicinity of the vibrating body.   Furthermore, the decontamination apparatus of Claim 1 or Claim 2 provided with the liquid supply part which can supply a liquid. The ultrasonic vibration means, a vibrator for converting an electrical signal from an ultrasonic transmitter into mechanical vibration energy;
A horn to which mechanical vibration energy from the vibrator is transmitted;
The decontamination apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein

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