JP6088093B1 - Low head excavator and horizontal frame height position adjustment method in low head excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To move to an excavation site by providing a lift mechanism capable of supporting an excavation unit so as to be horizontally movable in a range from a minimum height necessary for movement to a minimum height necessary for excavation. Another object of the present invention is to provide a low-head excavator capable of facilitating work at an excavation site. A base part 11 having a traveling mechanism, a tubing part 12 provided on the base part 11, a horizontal frame 13 for supporting a hammer grab 22 on the tubing part 12 so as to be horizontally movable, and the horizontal frame 13 and a plurality of support pillars 17 for supporting the support pillars 17 provided on the base part 11, and the support pillars 17 are supported so that the lower ends of the support pillars 17 can be detached, and the support pillars 17 are lifted up from the pedestal part 14. A lift mechanism 41 is provided, and a space S <b> 1 in which one or two or more auxiliary columns 51 a are detachably disposed is provided between the lower end of each column 17 that has been lifted up and the pedestal portion 14. [Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a low-head-head excavator provided with a mechanism capable of adjusting the height position of a horizontal frame having an excavation unit in a place where an overhead space is limited, and a method of adjusting the height position of the horizontal frame in the low-head-head excavator It is about.

  In foundation pile construction work at a construction site, excavation work is performed using an excavator that combines a gantry and a swivel boring machine. Specifically, an all-casing method is used in which a boring machine is turned and pushed into the soil while rotating a casing tube, and the soil in the casing is excavated by a hammer grab suspended by the mount.

  In such an all casing method, first, a clamping device, a turning motor, a drawing cylinder, and the like included in the boring machine are operated by a hydraulic device. As a result, the casing tube is clamped by the clamping device and inserted into the soil by the drawing cylinder while being rotated by the turning motor. Next, the inside of the casing tube is excavated using a hammer grab suspended from the gantry, and the excavated soil is discharged to a place away from the casing tube (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  This excavation work is performed by lowering a hammer grab supported by being suspended along the frame into the casing tube, and then dropping the winch from a predetermined height. By this fall, the shell opened at the tip of the hammer grab enters into the soil, and when the winch is wound up from this state, the shell is closed and the earth and sand are scooped up.

  In the excavator, excavation and transportation are performed in a state in which an excavation unit such as a hammer grab and a casing tube is suspended from a high place by a gantry, and thus a large work space is required in the sky. For this reason, there has been a problem that such excavators cannot be used in places with roofs or places with height restrictions such as tunnels. As means for improving this, there has been disclosed a suspending and conveying apparatus in which a casing tube, H steel and the like can be transferred by sliding the frame in the horizontal direction (Patent Document 3). This transfer device is placed on a self-propelled carriage and moves to the vicinity of a narrow work place where the sky is limited. And the rail which suspended the digging pipe etc. in the front-end | tip part is slid to the left-right direction, and it is repeatedly performed to embed in a predetermined excavation place.

  Patent Document 4 discloses a low-head excavator equipped with a swiveling horizontal frame on a base portion having a traveling mechanism. The low-head excavator includes an arm that can be opened and closed on a support that supports the horizontal frame, and the height of the horizontal frame can be varied by opening and closing the arm.

JP-A-10-205261 JP-A-10-205263 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-48492 Japanese Patent No. 5612026

  As described above, in the conventional excavator disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the rotary press-fitting device is installed at the excavation site by a heavy machine such as a crane, and excavation is performed through the rotary press-fitting device. Since excavation units such as casing tubes and hammer grabs for carrying in are carried in by the heavy machinery, it is difficult to work in a small work space. In addition, there is a problem that excavation at a sufficient depth cannot be performed because a large crane cannot be used in a space where the space is narrow.

  Even with conventional low-head excavators, when excavating work such as reworking or reinforcing foundations in an existing building or the like, it passes through a place where the space above the excavation site is limited. If there are obstacles from beams or ceilings in the building, they must be moved away from them. For this reason, when the excavator is moved to the target excavation site, it is necessary to disassemble the excavation unit and a part of the horizontal frame that horizontally moves the excavation unit and assemble it at the excavation operation site. It was.

  In the low head excavator disclosed in Patent Document 4, the height of the horizontal frame that supports the excavation unit so as to be horizontally movable is set to a minimum height that is indispensable for excavation. For this reason, even if the horizontal frame is slightly moved up and down by opening and closing the arm provided on the support column, it is difficult to move while avoiding obstacles from beams and ceilings in the existing lower building. It was.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a lift mechanism that can support the excavation unit so that it can move horizontally in a range from a minimum height necessary for movement to a minimum height necessary for excavation. The present invention provides a low-head excavator that can easily move to an excavation site and work at the excavation site, and a method for adjusting the height position of a horizontal frame in the low-head excavator.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a low-head excavator of the present invention includes a base portion having a traveling mechanism, a tubing portion provided on the base portion, and for placing the excavation unit into the ground, and on the tubing portion. a horizontal frame for supporting the drilling unit horizontally movable, a low altitude head excavator comprising a plurality of struts, a for supporting the horizontal frame to the base portion, each standoff of the lower end on the base portion during the while being releasably fixed, lifting mechanism for each strut is detached and lifted up from the base unit is provided adjacent to each strut, a lift-up the upper lower and base portions of each strut to One or two or more auxiliary struts are detachably disposed in a space provided in the.

In addition, the horizontal frame height position adjusting method in the low head excavator of the present invention is supported via a plurality of support columns arranged on a base portion having a traveling mechanism, and the excavation unit can be moved horizontally on the tubing portion. A method for adjusting the height position of a horizontal frame in a low-head excavator that adjusts the height position of a horizontal frame that is suspended and supported on the base, wherein the lower ends of the plurality of columns are removably fixed on the base portion, and are separated. A space is provided between the lower end of the support column and the base by lifting each support column, and an auxiliary support column is provided in this space and connected to the support column to substantially extend the height of the support column. The height position of the horizontal frame is adjusted.

  According to the low head excavator of the present invention, the plurality of support columns supporting the horizontal frame on the base portion can be lifted by the lift mechanism, and the auxiliary support column can be connected to the lifted space. It is possible to easily set the height position of the horizontal frame without the need for troublesome operations such as forming a column in accordance with the height to support the frame or replacing it with a column having a predetermined height. .

  Further, according to the height position adjusting method of the horizontal frame in the low head excavator of the present invention, a space is formed between the lower end of the support column and the base unit by lifting up the plurality of support columns and the horizontal frame from the base unit. The height of the support column can be substantially extended by providing the auxiliary support column in this space. As a result, the height position of the horizontal frame can be easily adjusted according to the work space when passing through an existing building or tunnel with a limited overhead space, or when actually performing excavation work. .

It is a side view which shows the structure at the time of the movement of the low sky head excavator concerning this invention. It is a top view of the said low head excavator. It is a side view which shows the operation | movement which lifts up toward a 1st excavation height position. It is a side view of the low head excavator set to the said 1st excavation height position. It is a side view which shows the operation | movement which lifts up toward a 2nd excavation height position. It is a side view of the low head excavator set to the said 2nd excavation height position.

  Embodiments of a low-head excavator according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a low-head excavator (hereinafter referred to as an excavator) 10 according to the present invention enters an underground building where a beam H or the like protrudes from a ceiling portion, or has an underpass with limited upper space. When passing through a tunnel such as a tunnel, the height is lowered, and as shown in FIG. 3, there is a margin in a space avoiding the beam H in the ceiling portion, or in a space above the tunnel. When moving to a certain place, the excavation work can be performed at a height that allows excavation.

  The excavator 10 has a base portion 11 having a traveling mechanism that moves by itself to a target excavation site by remote control or the like, and a casing tube (not shown) provided on the base portion 11 and having a cutter at a tip portion. And the like, and the earth and sand excavated by the excavating unit (hammer grab) 22 having a shell that can be opened and closed and placed on the tubing portion 12 is discharged to a predetermined place. A horizontal frame 13 for supporting the horizontal frame 13 so as to be detachable between the horizontal frame 13 and the base 11, and the horizontal frame 13 is lifted up to a predetermined height integrally with each of the columns 17. Alternatively, a lift mechanism 41 for lifting down is provided.

  The base portion 11 includes a rectangular pedestal portion 14 on which the tubing portion 12 can be disposed, and a traveling mechanism (crawler portion) 15 provided on the pedestal portion 14 and capable of traveling on rough terrain. doing. The crawler unit 15 includes a pair of moving wheels 16a, a plurality of auxiliary wheels 16b, and a rubber crawler belt 16c. Further, the base unit 11 is provided with a controller (not shown) for driving the crawler unit 15 by remote operation via wired or wireless, and each operation of moving forward, backward, and turning left and right from a remote place. And speed adjustment is possible.

  FIG. 2 is a view of the excavator 10 from above. In the central portion of the tubing portion 12, a casing tube (not shown) is pressed into the ground while rotating or a hammer grab 22 is dropped. For this purpose, a circular insertion hole 23 is provided. The insertion hole 23 is provided so as to penetrate the bottom surface of the pedestal portion 14, and a rotary push ring (not shown) that clamps the outer peripheral surface of the casing tube and rotates is provided on the inner side surface of the insertion hole 23. .

  The pedestal portion 14 is provided with a column attachment portion 42 around which the column 17 is detachably coupled. Each column 17 is directly joined to the lower end portion of the horizontal frame 13 at the upper end, and is positioned and placed on the column attachment portion 42 via a connecting portion 45 provided at the lower end, and a fastening member such as a lock pin is attached. Fixed using.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the horizontal frame 13 supported by the four struts 17 moves between a pair of guide rails 27 extending in a straight line and between the pair of guide rails 27. And a carriage 29. Guide grooves (not shown) for mounting the carriage 29 movably in the horizontal direction are formed on the inner surfaces of the pair of guide rails 27 facing each other. Further, a rack (not shown) made up of a plurality of teeth that extend linearly along the longitudinal direction is provided on the lower side.

  The carriage 29 is provided with a pulley 32 which suspends and supports the hammer grab 22 at one end, and a winch for performing a winding operation of a wire 33 for raising and lowering the hammer grab 22 via the pulley 32 at the other end. 34 is arranged.

  A hammer grab 22 is directly suspended from a pulley 32 provided in the carriage 29. The hammer grab 22 is used for deep hole excavation and root cutting of a building foundation, and includes a cylindrical body portion 22a and a pair of shells 22b that can be opened and closed at the front end of the body portion 22a. A mechanism for opening and closing the shell 22b by a winding operation of the wire 33 is incorporated in the body portion 22a.

  The excavator 10 in the state shown in FIG. 1 is configured to be capable of self-propelled movement toward a target excavation site in a low-flying posture, and the hammer grab 22 is suspended at the lowest position by the horizontal frame 13. Can be supported. In the excavator 10 having this configuration, since the horizontal frame 13 is supported on the pedestal portion 14 by the support column 17 having the height h21 substantially the same as the hammer grab 22, the upper end of the pulley 32 is extended from the reference ground G. The height h11 can be restricted to 3 meters or less. Thus, if there is a space where the height h01 from the ground G to the ceiling surface T1 slightly exceeds 3 meters, it can be self-propelled and moved to the target excavation site.

  The lift mechanism 41 includes a cylinder body 46 that is attached along the longitudinal direction so as to be adjacent to each support column 17, and a rod 47 that expands and contracts by hydraulic pressure from the cylinder body 46. The hydraulic pressure is supplied to each cylinder body 46 via a hydraulic unit 19 provided in the excavator 10 or a hydraulic pressure supply device (not shown) connected to the excavator 10. The excavator 10 in the state shown in FIG. 1 supports the horizontal frame 13 by the respective struts 17, so that the lift mechanisms 41 are not driven and the cylinder main bodies 46 attached to the respective struts 17. The rod 47 remains housed inside.

  When passing through the beam H or the like from the ceiling as shown in FIG. 1 and moving to the excavation site as shown in FIG. 3, the lift mechanism 41 is driven to move each column 17 to a predetermined height. Then lift up. On the pedestal portion 14, a rod fixing portion 48 is provided adjacent to the column attachment portion 42. When the lift mechanism 41 is driven, the tip 47a of the rod 47 is detachably fitted to the rod fixing portion 48.

  When driving the lift mechanism 41, the tip 47 a of the rod 47 is fitted and fixed to the rod fixing portion 48, and then the fastening between the column attachment portion 42 and the connecting portion 45 of the column 17 is released. Keep it. As a result, each column 17 can be detached from the pedestal portion 14, and the horizontal frame 13 is supported on the pedestal portion 14 integrally with each column 17 by the four lift mechanisms 41. Then, each rod 47 is extended by the hydraulic pressure that is uniformly supplied from the hydraulic unit 19 to each cylinder body 46. By the extension of each rod 47, a pressing force is applied to the rod fixing portion 48 to which the tip 47 a of each rod 47 is fixed, and each column 17 is lifted up integrally with the cylinder body 46 by the reaction.

  By extending each rod 47, a predetermined height space S1 is provided between each support column 17 and the pedestal portion 14, and the steel material having the same diameter as the support column 17 and a height h22 of about 80 centimeters in this space S1. Auxiliary support column 51a made of is incorporated. When the auxiliary column 51a is assembled, a work space α of about several tens of centimeters is required between the other end of the column 17 and the height of the space S1 due to the lift of each column 17 is set to It is preferable to set h22 + α from above the portion 14. In the present embodiment, the height of about 80 centimeters is formed in consideration of the efficiency of the installation work of the auxiliary column 51a, but the size is not limited to this.

  At the upper end and the lower end of the auxiliary column 51a, there is provided a connecting portion 52 having positioning means for aligning the connecting position when connecting to the column 17 or the other auxiliary column 51a. The positioning means can be constituted by a convex part protruding from one of the upper end and the lower end of the auxiliary column 51a and a concave part provided on the other and fitted to the convex part. By providing such positioning means, the horizontal frame 13 can be supported in a stable state without the centers of the support column 17 and the auxiliary support column 51a being displaced.

  In the work, first, the connecting portion 52 at the lower end of the auxiliary column 51a is positioned and placed on the column mounting portion 42 provided on the pedestal unit 14, and then fixed using a fastening member such as a lock pin. Then, the columns 17 lifted up by the working space α are lifted down, and the connecting portions 45 of the columns 17 are positioned and placed on the connecting portions 52 at the upper ends of the auxiliary columns 51a. Fix through. After the attachment of all the auxiliary struts 51a is completed, the tip 47a of each rod 47 is removed from the rod fixing portion 48 and accommodated in each cylinder body 46.

  As shown in FIG. 4, by incorporating the auxiliary struts 51a at the lower ends of the respective struts 17, the horizontal frame 13 is increased by the height h22 of the auxiliary struts 51a, and the minimum height h12 necessary for excavation is shown. The hammer grab 22 can be suspended and held. In this embodiment, the height h12 from the ground G to the topmost pulley 32 of the horizontal frame 13 is about 3.8 meters, and the height h02 from the ground G to the ceiling T2 is about 4 meters. Therefore, excavation work can be performed efficiently without any problem.

  The hammer grab 22 is lifted above the tubing portion 12 by a wire 33 and dropped into the insertion hole 23 from a height h12. At the time of the fall, the shell 22b is in an open state and pierces into the ground as it is. From this state, the wire 33 is wound up by the winch 34, so that the shell 22b is closed while holding an excavated material such as soil or rock.

  Thereafter, the winch 34 is wound up to close the shell 22b and dig up the ground. After the digging operation, the hammer grab 22 is pulled up from the tubing 12 and the carriage 29 is slid along the guide rail 27 and moved toward the tip 13a. At this position, the excavated material such as excavated soil and rock can be discharged by opening the shell 22b. Such operation is repeated, and the hammer grab 22 is reciprocated in the horizontal direction by the carriage 29 from the top of the tubing portion 12 to the discharge place, so that the place where the excavation space shown in FIG. Excavation and earth removal work can be performed easily and efficiently.

  5 and 6 show an example of use in the case where the space above the excavation work space shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has a margin. Here, in the state shown in FIG. 4, columnar lift-up auxiliary members 53 that serve as foundations are arranged on the four rod fixing portions 48, and each column 17 is attached to the upper end of the lift-up auxiliary member 53. The tip of a rod 47 extending from the provided cylinder body 46 is fixed. At this time, the previous auxiliary column 51a attached to the column attachment part 42 is in a detachable state. The upper end of the auxiliary column 51a remains connected to the lower end of the column 17.

  By driving the lift mechanism 41 from this state and extending the rod 47 from each cylinder body 46, the horizontal frame 13 integrated with the support column 17 and the auxiliary support column 51a is lifted up in a direction perpendicular to the pedestal portion 14. To do. This lift-up is performed for the space S2 including the height h23 of the second auxiliary column 51b to be added and the work space α. After lift-up for this space S2, the second auxiliary column 51b is positioned and mounted on the column attachment part 42 on the base unit 14 and fixed. After this fixing is completed, the working space α is lifted down, and the connecting portion 52 at the lower end of the first auxiliary column 51a is positioned and fixed on the connecting portion 54 of the second auxiliary column 51b. .

  FIG. 6 shows a state in which the horizontal frame 13 is set at a predetermined height position by the support column 17, the first auxiliary support column 51a, and the second auxiliary support column 51b. According to this embodiment, the hammer grab 22 can be installed at a height h13 of about 4.6 meters including the second auxiliary column 51b from the embodiment shown in FIG. This is effective when the height h03 up to T3 can secure an empty work space of about 5 meters. In the present embodiment, the first auxiliary strut 51a and the second auxiliary strut 51b are formed at the same height, but may be formed of different members having different heights. Moreover, by preparing several auxiliary struts having different heights, they can be appropriately combined according to the actual excavation work space.

  After the excavation work at the excavation site is completed, the lift mechanism 41 is used to release the coupling between the second auxiliary column 51b and the column mounting part 42 on the base unit 14 and remove it from the base unit 14. Further, by removing the first auxiliary column 51a, the lift is gradually lowered. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the horizontal frame 13 can be in a minimum configuration supported only by the support columns 17.

  As described above, the excavator of the present invention can be self-propelled and moved in a state where the excavation unit is mounted even in an existing building with a narrow upper space that cannot be entered by a conventional excavator. Then, when moving to a place where excavation work is performed, the lift mechanism provided in the excavator lifts up the column and connects the auxiliary column to this column, thereby allowing the excavator unit such as a hammer grab to move horizontally. A horizontal frame that is movably held can be installed at a predetermined height position. Further, after the excavation work is finished, the auxiliary strut added by operating the lift mechanism again is sequentially removed, so that the original strut configuration can be reconfigured.

10 excavator (low-head excavator)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Base part 12 Tubing part 13 Horizontal frame 13a Tip part 14 Base part 15 Crawler part 16a Driving wheel 16b Auxiliary wheel 16c Crawler belt 17 Support | pillar 19 Hydraulic unit 22 Hammer grab (excavation unit)
22a body part 22b shell 23 insertion hole 27 guide rail 29 carriage 32 pulley 33 wire 34 winch 41 lift mechanism 42 support attachment part 45 connecting part 46 cylinder body 47 rod 47a tip 48 rod fixing part 51a first auxiliary support pillar 51b second auxiliary support pillar 52 connecting portion 53 lift-up auxiliary member 54 connecting portion

Claims (7)

A base portion having a traveling mechanism; a tubing portion provided on the base portion for introducing the excavation unit into the ground; a horizontal frame that supports the excavation unit so as to be horizontally movable on the tubing portion; and the horizontal frame A low-head excavator comprising a plurality of struts that support the base portion,
Wherein the lower end of each standoff is releasably secured on said base portion, a lift mechanism for lifting up the respective strut is detached from the base unit is provided adjacent to each strut, being lifted up the A low-head excavator in which one or more auxiliary struts are detachably disposed in a space provided between the lower end of each strut and the base portion. 2. The low-head excavator according to claim 1, wherein the lift mechanism includes a cylinder main body fixed to each of the columns and a rod extending between a lower end of the cylinder main body and the base portion.   2. The low-head excavator according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal frame is supported on the base portion by the support and one or more auxiliary supports disposed in the space and connected to a lower end of the support.   The low-head excavator according to claim 2, wherein the lift mechanism includes a lift-up auxiliary member that is detachably disposed between a lower end of the rod and the base portion.   The low sky head excavator according to claim 1, wherein positioning means for aligning the connecting positions of each of the connecting portions of the support column and the auxiliary support column is provided. Horizontal in a low-headed excavator that adjusts the height position of a horizontal frame that is supported via a plurality of struts arranged on a base portion having a traveling mechanism and that suspends and supports the excavation unit so as to be horizontally movable on the tubing portion. A method for adjusting the height position of the frame,
The lower ends of the plurality of support columns are detachably fixed on the base portion, and a space is provided between the lower end of the support columns and the base portion by lifting each detached support column, and auxiliary columns are arranged in this space. A method for adjusting the height position of the horizontal frame in the low head excavator, wherein the height position of the support frame is substantially extended by being connected to the support column and the height position of the horizontal frame is adjusted. The height position adjustment method of the horizontal frame in the low head excavator according to claim 6, wherein the height position adjustment of the horizontal frame is performed according to an upper space of the low head excavator during travel and excavation.

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