JP6070988B2 - Method for producing jatropha seed oil - Google Patents
Method for producing jatropha seed oil Download PDFInfo
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- JP6070988B2 JP6070988B2 JP2013046689A JP2013046689A JP6070988B2 JP 6070988 B2 JP6070988 B2 JP 6070988B2 JP 2013046689 A JP2013046689 A JP 2013046689A JP 2013046689 A JP2013046689 A JP 2013046689A JP 6070988 B2 JP6070988 B2 JP 6070988B2
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- endosperm
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- 241000221089 Jatropha Species 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 10
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001048891 Jatropha curcas Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002834 Paulownia tomentosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010678 Paulownia tomentosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
Description
本発明は、バイオディーゼル燃料となるジャトロファ（学名：Jatropha curcas、和名：南洋油桐）種子油の製造方法に係り、詳細には、ジャトロファ種子を圧搾して搾油する方法において、製造工程を簡素化するとともに油分のロスを少なくすることで搾油の高効率化を達成することに関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing jatropha (scientific name: Jatropha curcas, Japanese name: Nanyo Oil Tung) seed oil, which is a biodiesel fuel. It is related to achieving high efficiency of oil extraction by reducing oil loss and reducing oil loss.
従来、ジャトロファ種子の搾油においては、種子を割砕し、風選別によって胚乳と果皮とに分離し、胚乳のみから搾油しているが、選別された果皮側の中には割砕によって分割された細かい胚乳が混入しており、また、割砕された果皮片にも胚乳が残留しているものが少なからず存在し、その分、搾油すべき油分をロスしている。さらに、特許文献１に記載されているように、圧搾時における胚乳原料の滑り・逃げを防止するために、前記選別された果皮の所定量を再度胚乳側へ配合することが行われている。 Conventionally, in Jatropha seed oil extraction, seeds are crushed, separated into endosperm and pericarp by wind sorting, and oil is extracted only from endosperm, but the selected pericarp side was divided by crushing. Fine endosperm is mixed, and there are not a few pieces of endosperm remaining in the cracked skin pieces, and the oil to be extracted is lost accordingly. Furthermore, as described in Patent Document 1, in order to prevent the endosperm raw material from slipping and escaping during compression, a predetermined amount of the selected pericarp is blended again into the endosperm side.
ここで、図２を参照しながら従来の製造フローチャートについて説明する。
原料となる乾燥済みのジャトロファ種子１００ｋｇ（油量３９ｋｇ）をローラミル等によって８分割程度に割砕し、次いで、風選別により果皮と胚乳とに選り分ける。果皮側に選別された４０ｋｇ中には果皮と共に果皮に残存する胚乳及び比較的微細な胚乳片が混在しており、油量は６ｋｇである。一方、胚乳側の全重量は６０ｋｇであり、そのうち油量は３３ｋｇであった。
次に、果皮の内、胚乳側の重量の１０％に当たる６ｋｇ（油量０.９ｋｇ）を胚乳側へ戻し、合わせて重量６６ｋｇの果皮配合原料（油量３３.９ｋｇ、油分５１.４％）を得て、これを搾油機によって圧搾したところ、２５.４ｋｇの粗油を得た。種子における油量が３９ｋｇであったので、粗油における油回収率は６５％であった。
Here, a conventional manufacturing flowchart will be described with reference to FIG.
100 kg (oil amount 39 kg) of dried Jatropha seeds as a raw material is divided into about 8 parts by a roller mill or the like, and then sorted into pericarp and endosperm by wind sorting. In 40 kg selected on the pericarp side, the endosperm remaining in the pericarp and relatively fine endosperm pieces are mixed with pericarp, and the amount of oil is 6 kg. On the other hand, the total weight on the endosperm side was 60 kg, of which the oil amount was 33 kg.
Next, 6 kg (oil amount 0.9 kg) corresponding to 10% of the weight on the endosperm side of the pericarp is returned to the endosperm side, and a total of 66 kg pericarp blending raw material (oil amount 33.9 kg, oil content 51.4%) When this was squeezed with an oil press, 25.4 kg of crude oil was obtained. Since the oil amount in the seed was 39 kg, the oil recovery rate in the crude oil was 65%.
ところで、上記した従来の製造方法においては、風選別した果皮側の一部を胚乳側へ再び戻すのは煩わしいことであり、また、果皮側のほとんどは廃棄処分されており、果皮側の油量６ｋｇの大半をロスしていることになる。 By the way, in the conventional manufacturing method described above, it is troublesome to return a part of the perforated skin side to the endosperm side again, and most of the pericarp side is disposed of, and the amount of oil on the pericarp side Most of the 6kg is lost.
そこで、本発明は、前記した問題点にかんがみ、圧搾することによりジャトロファ種子油を製造する方法において、製造工程を簡素化するとともに、油分のロスを少なくすることで搾油の高効率化を達成することを技術的課題とするものである。 In view of the above problems, the present invention achieves high efficiency of oil extraction by simplifying the production process and reducing oil loss in the method for producing jatropha seed oil by pressing. This is a technical issue.
上記課題を解決するため、本発明のジェトロファ種子を割砕して搾油する方法においては、一次選別において割砕後のジャトロファ種子を胚乳側と果皮側に分別するにあたり、前記胚乳側に主として比較的大きな胚乳片と果皮の一部を分別し、果皮側に主として果皮と比較的小さな胚乳片を分別し、その後、前記果皮側に分別された果皮と胚乳片を二次選別して果皮の大半を分離除去し、果皮の大半が分離除去された残りの粉砕物を前記胚乳側に配合して搾油することを特徴とするものである。 In order to solve the above problems, in the method of crushing and squeezing Jetropha seeds of the present invention, in separating the jatropha seeds after crushing in primary selection into the endosperm side and the pericarp side, the comparison is mainly made on the endosperm side. Large pieces of endosperm and a part of the pericarp are separated , the pericarp and the relatively small endosperm are separated mainly on the pericarp side, and then the pericarp and endosperm pieces separated on the pericarp side are secondarily sorted to make most of the pericarp separated off, is the rest of the ground material the majority of the peel is separated off which is characterized in that oil expression formulated into the endosperm side.
上記一次選別の胚乳側歩留まり（割砕前のジェトロファ種子に対する割砕後の胚乳片と果皮の重量比）を６２．４〜６６．０とするとよく、また、上記一次選別は風選別とするとともに上記二次選別はロータリーシフタとすることができる。
The endosperm side yield of the primary selection (the ratio of the weight of endosperm pieces and pericarp after splitting to Jetropha seeds before splitting ) may be 62.4-66.0, and the primary selection is wind selection In addition, the secondary sorting can be a rotary shifter.
本発明によれば、上記したように、割砕後の種子を、胚乳側に主として比較的に大きな胚乳片と果皮の一部を、また、果皮側に主として果皮と比較的小さな胚乳片を、それぞれ分別するように一次選別し、さらに、前記果皮側粉砕物を二次選別して果皮の大半を分離除去する一方、その余の粉砕物を前記胚乳側に配合して搾油するものであることから、一次選別した果皮側の一部を胚乳側へ再び戻すという煩わしい工程を経ることなく、一次選別工程において所定量の果皮を胚乳側へ残すことによって無駄な戻し工程を省略することができ、また、果皮側を二次選別して比較的油分の多い微細な胚乳片や胚乳が残留した果皮片を胚乳側へ戻して搾油することによって油分のロスが減り、油回収利率が向上することになる。 According to the present invention, as described above, the cracked seeds are mainly composed of relatively large endosperm pieces and a part of pericarp on the endosperm side, and mainly pericarp and relatively small endosperm pieces on the pericarp side. The primary sorting is performed so as to be separated, and the pulverized product on the skin side is secondarily selected to separate and remove most of the skin, while the remaining pulverized product is blended on the endosperm side and pressed. From this, without going through the cumbersome process of returning a part of the primary sorted pericarp side to the endosperm side again, the wasteful return process can be omitted by leaving a predetermined amount of pericarp on the endosperm side in the primary selection process, In addition, oil loss is reduced and the oil recovery rate is improved by secondary selection of the pericarp side and returning fine endosperm pieces with relatively high oil content or pericarp pieces with residual endosperm back to the endosperm side for oil extraction. Become.
また、本発明によれば、上記一次選別の歩留まりを６２.４〜６６.０％とすることにより、あらかじめ、果皮を胚乳側の重量に対して４〜１０％配合したこととなり、従来の戻し工程を省略しても、従来同様に効率よく搾油することができる。 Further, according to the present invention, the yield of the primary selection is 62.4-66.0%, so that the skin is previously blended with 4-10% with respect to the weight on the endosperm side. Even if the process is omitted, the oil can be efficiently squeezed as before.
さらに、本発明によれば、上記一次選別は風選別とするとともに上記二次選別はロータリーシフタとすることによって、比較的大きな胚乳片と比較的小さな胚乳片、及び、胚乳が残留する果皮片と微細な果皮片、を効果的に選り分けることができる。 Further, according to the present invention, the primary sorting is wind sorting and the secondary sorting is a rotary shifter, so that a relatively large endosperm piece, a relatively small endosperm piece, and a skin piece in which the endosperm remains can be obtained. Fine fruit pieces can be sorted out effectively.
以下、本発明を、図１を参照しながらその実施形態について詳細に説明する。
上記した従来のフローチャート（図２）の場合と同じ原料のジャトロファ種子１００ｋｇ（油量３９ｋｇ）を準備し、ローラミルによって８分割程度に割砕し、次いで、前記割砕物を風選別により胚乳側と果皮側とに選り分ける（風選別機はサタケ製「レッグアスピレータ」を使用）一次選別を行う。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
The same raw material Jatropha seeds 100 kg (oil amount 39 kg) as in the conventional flow chart (FIG. 2) are prepared, and divided into about 8 parts by a roller mill. Select the side (uses a “leg aspirator” made by Satake for the wind sorter) to perform primary sorting.
すなわち、胚乳側には大きく割砕された胚乳だけでなく、比較的大きめで重い果皮も分別され、他方の果皮側には比較的小さく軽めの果皮と小さく砕かれた胚乳片が分別されるように風選別機を調整する。本実施形態においては、胚乳側の重量が６６ｋｇ（油量３３.９ｋｇ）に対し、果皮側の重量が３４ｋｇ（油量５.１ｋｇ）であった。このとき重要なことは、胚乳側の歩留まりが６２.４〜６６.０％とすることであり、これにより、従来のフローチャートにおいて果皮側の粉砕物を胚乳側に対して重量比４〜１０％戻す工程を省略することができる。 In other words, the endosperm side separates not only large broken endosperm but also relatively large and heavy pericarp, and the other pericarp side separates relatively small and light pericarp and small crushed endosperm. Adjust the wind sorter as follows. In this embodiment, the weight on the endosperm side was 66 kg (oil amount 33.9 kg), whereas the weight on the pericarp side was 34 kg (oil amount 5.1 kg). What is important at this time is that the yield on the endosperm side is 62.4 to 66.0%, whereby the pulverized product on the pericarp side in the conventional flowchart is 4 to 10% by weight with respect to the endosperm side. The returning step can be omitted.
次に、前記果皮側の分別物をロータリーシフタによって、胚乳が残存した果皮及び小さな胚乳片を合わせた１０.２ｋｇ（油量３.９１ｋｇ、油分３８.３％）と、果皮のみの２.３８ｋｇ（油量１.１９ｋｇ）とに篩い分ける二次選別を行う。そして、胚乳が残存した果皮片及び小さな胚乳片からなる粉砕物１０.２ｋｇは前記胚乳側粉砕物６６ｋｇに再配合され、総重量７６.２ｋｇ（油量３７.８ｋｇ、油分４９.６％）の果皮配合原料となる。一方、果皮のみの２.３８ｋｇ（油量１.１９ｋｇ）は破棄処分される。 Next, 10.2 kg (oil amount 3.91 kg, oil content 38.3%) of the pericarp-side fraction combined with the pericarp remaining with endosperm and small endosperm pieces using a rotary shifter, and 2.38 kg of pericarp only. Secondary selection is performed by sieving to (oil amount 1.19 kg). Then, 10.2 kg of the pulverized product consisting of the pericarp pieces and small endosperm pieces with the remaining endosperm was re-mixed with 66 kg of the endosperm side pulverized product, and the total weight was 76.2 kg (oil amount 37.8 kg, oil content 49.6%). It becomes a raw material containing pericarp. On the other hand, 2.38 kg (oil amount 1.19 kg) of only the peel is discarded.
最終的に得られた７６.２ｋｇの前記果皮配合原料は、スエヒロEPM社製のエキスペラー式圧搾機によって搾油し、重量２８.４ｋｇの粗油を得た。種子における油量が３９ｋｇであったので、粗油における油回収率は７２.８％であり、上記した従来のフローチャートにおける回収率６５％に比して大幅に改善された（搾油率は共に７５％）。 The finally obtained 76.2 kg of the raw material blended with the skin was squeezed with an expeller-type pressing machine manufactured by Suehiro EPM to obtain a crude oil having a weight of 28.4 kg. Since the amount of oil in the seeds was 39 kg, the oil recovery rate in the crude oil was 72.8%, which is a significant improvement over the 65% recovery rate in the conventional flowchart described above (both the oil extraction rate was 75%). %).
本発明のジャトロファ種子油の製造方法によれば、従来に比して効率よく搾油することができるのでバイオディーゼル燃料を製造するうえで非常に有用といえる。
According to the method for producing jatropha seed oil of the present invention, oil can be extracted more efficiently than before, so that it can be said that it is very useful for producing biodiesel fuel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013046689A JP6070988B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2013-03-08 | Method for producing jatropha seed oil |
| CN201480012980.5A CN105102599B (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-02-17 | The manufacturing method of numb maple seed oil |
| PCT/JP2014/053595 WO2014136555A1 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-02-17 | Method for producing jatropha seed oil |
| BR112015021302A BR112015021302A2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-02-17 | A manufacturing method of Jatropha seed oil |
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| JP2013046689A JP6070988B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2013-03-08 | Method for producing jatropha seed oil |
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| JP2014172996A JP2014172996A (en) | 2014-09-22 |
| JP2014172996A5 JP2014172996A5 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
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| JP4073616B2 (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2008-04-09 | 株式会社Ｊ−オイルミルズ | Method for producing soybean material with high germ concentration |
| US20050118693A1 (en) * | 2003-10-29 | 2005-06-02 | Thorre Doug V. | Process for fractionating seeds of cereal grains |
| CN101418034B (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2010-12-15 | 云南神宇新能源有限公司 | Method for extracting jatropha curcas seed oil protein |
| AU2008360220A1 (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-11 | Alpro Comm. Va. | Method for obtaining highly purified and intact soybean hypocotyls |
| CN102597199B (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2014-06-04 | 科学与工业研究委员会 | Integrated process for the production of jatropha methyl ester and by products |
| JP2012116877A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-06-21 | Techno Sigma:Kk | Plant oil and method for manufacturing plant lees |
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| CN105102599B (en) | 2019-03-08 |
| BR112015021302A2 (en) | 2020-03-10 |
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| WO2014136555A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 |
| JP2014172996A (en) | 2014-09-22 |
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