JP6052860B2 - Waterproof sheet laying method and fixing member - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for laying a waterproof sheet and a fixing member used for the method, and more specifically, to lay a waterproof sheet on a ground of a tunnel or an object to be laid such as a concrete layer formed on the surface of the ground with good workability. The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet laying method and a fixing member that fixes a hook-and-loop fastener member that locks the waterproof sheet to the laying body in order to lay the waterproof sheet on the laying body with good workability.

  In a NATM (New Australian Tunneling Method) method or the like, a method of providing a waterproof sheet between a primary lining concrete and a secondary lining concrete of a tunnel is known. In this construction method, a waterproof sheet is laid on the surface of the primary lining concrete, and the secondary lining concrete is placed on the waterproof sheet. The waterproof sheet is provided in order to prevent the spring water from the primary lining concrete side from leaking to the secondary lining concrete side.

  Various methods for laying a waterproof sheet have been studied so far. For example, Patent Document 1 includes a hook-and-loop fastener provided with a number of locking projections on one side, and the ground surface of the tunnel or the primary lining concrete surface so that the locking projection is on the secondary lining concrete side. By being engaged with the engaged portion of the waterproof sheet in which the water-permeable sheet having the engaged portion engaged with the locking protrusion is laminated on the water-impermeable sheet, A fixing member for fixing a waterproof sheet for locking a sheet, wherein a plurality of hook-and-loop fasteners are attached to a strip fixed to a ground surface of a tunnel or a primary lining concrete surface at a predetermined interval along the longitudinal direction. Has been proposed. According to this technology, the waterproof sheet is stretched and fixed on the construction wall such as the primary lining concrete surface of the tunnel. Even if the construction wall has irregularities, it is said that the waterproof sheet has excellent fixing strength.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a belt-shaped surface fastener having a plurality of locking projections provided on one side is superposed on a surface on the secondary lining concrete side of a belt-shaped holding member for fixing to a tunnel construction wall. The fixing members attached by caulking members at a plurality of positions spaced apart by a predetermined distance along the length direction are fixed to the tunnel construction wall so that the locking projections are on the secondary lining concrete side. The waterproof sheet is stretched and fixed to the construction wall by engaging with the above-mentioned engaged portion of the waterproof sheet in which the water-permeable sheet having the engaged portion engaged with the locking protrusion is engaged with the water-permeable sheet. A fixing member has been proposed. According to this technology, when the waterproof sheet is stretched and fixed on the tunnel construction wall to perform waterproofing of the tunnel, not only the workability when stretching and fixing is excellent, but also the construction wall has irregularities. However, the fixing strength of the waterproof sheet is excellent, and the strength of the fixing member itself is also excellent.

JP 2000-87700 A JP 2000-274195 A

  In the waterproof sheet laying method proposed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a hook-and-loop fastener is fixed to the ground of the tunnel or the primary lining concrete. The waterproof sheet is laid on the ground of the tunnel or the primary lining concrete by locking the waterproof sheet to the hook-and-loop fastener. In order to lock the waterproof sheet to such a hook-and-loop fastener, it is necessary to accurately press the position of the hook-and-loop fastener from above the waterproof sheet.

  However, since the water-permeable layer constituting the waterproof sheet uses a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric that is difficult to see through, the waterproof sheet fixing member proposed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 above the waterproof sheet. Because the hook-and-loop fastener was not visible, it was difficult to find its position. For this reason, it is difficult to grasp and press the position of the hook-and-loop fastener from the top of the waterproof sheet, which causes a reduction in work efficiency.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for laying a waterproof sheet that can lay a waterproof sheet with good workability on an object to be laid. is there. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fixing member capable of laying a waterproof sheet on a laying body with good workability.

(1) A waterproof sheet laying method according to the present invention for solving the above-described problems is a waterproof sheet laying method for laying a waterproof sheet on a body to be laid, and a hook-and-loop fastener member having a number of locking projections. A step of preparing a waterproof sheet in which a water-impermeable layer and a water-permeable layer having a locked portion to be locked to the locking protrusion, and a fixing member having a protruding portion on one surface When, the surface fastener member, expected sandwiched between the other surface of the fixing member and the object surface markings towards the retaining projection is formed a surface opposite to the object surface marking, the projecting portion A step of arranging the hook-and-loop fastener member and the fixing member on the laying body facing away from the laying body; and the fixing member and fixing the hook-and-loop fastener member arranged on the laying body. with ingredients, and fixing the to-be surface marking Characterized in that it and a step of locking the locked portion of the waterproof sheet is pressed against the waterproof sheet to the surface fastener member to the surface fastener member.

  According to this invention, since the hook-and-loop fastener member is fixed using the fixing member having the protruding portion, the position of the fixing member can be easily found from the top of the waterproof sheet by the protruding portion. Therefore, since the position of the hook-and-loop fastener member can be easily grasped from above the waterproof sheet, the waterproof sheet can be accurately pressed against the hook-and-loop fastener member. As a result, the waterproof sheet can be laid on the laying body with good workability.

  In the method of laying a waterproof sheet according to the present invention, it is preferable that the hook-and-loop fastener member has a band shape, and a plurality of the fixing members are arranged in a length direction of the hook-and-loop fastener member.

  According to this invention, since the plurality of fixing members are arranged in the length direction of the belt-shaped hook-and-loop fastener member, the position of the belt-shaped hook-and-loop fastener member can be easily grasped. Therefore, the waterproof sheet can be accurately pressed against the hook-and-loop fastener member.

  In the method for laying a waterproof sheet according to the present invention, it is preferable that the laying body is a ground layer of a tunnel or a concrete layer formed on a surface of the ground layer.

  According to this invention, the waterproof sheet can be laid with good workability on the ground of the tunnel or the concrete layer formed on the surface of the ground.

  The waterproof sheet laying method according to the present invention preferably includes a step of providing a concrete layer on the waterproof sheet after the step of locking the waterproof sheet to the hook-and-loop fastener member.

  According to this invention, since the concrete layer is provided on the waterproof sheet, the waterproof sheet can be laid between the laying object and the concrete layer.

(2) A fixing member according to the present invention for solving the above-described problems is a fixing member for fixing a hook-and-loop fastener member for locking the waterproof sheet to the laying body in order to lay the waterproof sheet on the laying body. A plate-like member having a plate-like portion and a protruding portion provided on one surface of the plate-like portion, wherein the plate-like portion is formed such that the length direction is longer than the width direction. The projecting portion is formed in a form in which one end or both ends in the length direction of the plate-like portion are bent or rounded to the one surface side, or integrated with the plate-like portion. It is formed in the form which protruded in the said one surface side by shape | molding .

  According to the present invention, since the protruding portion is provided on one surface of the plate-like portion, the position of the protruding portion can be easily found from the top of the waterproof sheet by tactile sensation. Since this fixing member is arranged on the hook-and-loop fastener member, the position of the fixing member can be easily found, so that the position of the hook-and-loop fastener member can be accurately grasped from above the waterproof sheet. As a result, the waterproof sheet can be accurately pressed against the hook-and-loop fastener member, and the waterproof sheet can be laid on the laying body with good workability.

Further , according to the present invention, the projecting portion is formed such that one end or both ends in the length direction of the plate-like portion are bent or rounded to one surface side, or integrated with the plate-like portion. Since it is formed into a shape protruding to one surface side by being molded , the fixing member has a structure that is easy to manufacture. As a result, a fixing member that can be manufactured at low cost can be provided.

  According to the waterproof sheet laying method and the fixing member used for the waterproof sheet according to the present invention, the waterproof sheet can be laid on the laying body simply and with good workability.

It is process drawing which shows an example of the laying method of the waterproof sheet which concerns on this invention. It is a typical perspective view which shows the various form (the 1) of the fixing member which concerns on this invention. It is a typical perspective view which shows the various form (the 2) of the fixing member which concerns on this invention. It is a typical perspective view which shows an example of the aspect which fixes a hook_and_loop | surface fastener member with a fixing member. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the aspect which provided the concrete layer from the top of the waterproof sheet.

  Hereinafter, a method of laying a waterproof sheet according to the present invention and a fixing member used therefor will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention can be modified in various ways as long as it has the technical features, and is not limited to the embodiments specifically shown below.

  The method for laying the waterproof sheet 11 according to the present invention is a method for laying the waterproof sheet 11 on the laying body 21 as shown in FIGS. 1 (A) to 1 (C), and has a large number of locking projections 3. A hook-and-loop fastener member 1, a waterproof sheet 11 in which a water-impermeable layer 13 and a water-permeable layer 12 having a locked portion locked by the locking protrusion 3 are laminated, and a protrusion 6 on one surface. The hook-and-loop fastener member 1 and the fixing member on the laying body 21 so as to sandwich the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 between the laying body 21 and the other surface of the fixing member 4. 4 (placement step), a step (fixing step) of fixing the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 placed on the laying body 21 using the fixing member 4 and the fixture 7, and a waterproof sheet 11 to the hook-and-loop fastener member. 1 to hold the locked portion of the waterproof sheet 11 Has a step of locking the toner member 1 (the locking step), the.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, this laying method includes a step of providing a concrete layer 15 on the waterproof sheet 11 (concrete layer placing step) after the step of locking the waterproof sheet 11 to the hook-and-loop fastener member 1. It is preferable.

  Further, the method for laying the waterproof sheet 11 according to the present invention is also characterized by the structural form of the fixing member 4. The fixing member 4 is a member that fixes the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 that locks the waterproof sheet 11 to the laying body 21 in order to lay the waterproof sheet 11 on the laying body 21, and is shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. Thus, it has the plate-shaped part 5 and the protrusion part 6 provided in one surface of the plate-shaped part 5. As shown in FIG.

  According to such a method of laying the waterproof sheet 11, the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is fixed by using the fixing member 4 having the protruding portion 6 on one surface, so that the protruding portion 6 is fixed by tactile sensation from the top of the waterproof sheet 11. The position of the member 4 can be easily found. Therefore, since the position of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 can be easily grasped from above the waterproof sheet 11, the waterproof sheet 11 can be accurately pressed against the hook-and-loop fastener member 1. As a result, the waterproof sheet 11 can be laid on the laying body 21 with good workability.

  Hereinafter, each process is demonstrated in order, referring drawings for the laying method of the waterproof sheet 11 which concerns on this invention. In addition, in description of each process, the fixing member 4 which concerns on this invention is also demonstrated collectively.

[Preparation process]
The preparatory step is a waterproofing in which a hook-and-loop fastener member 1 having a large number of locking protrusions 3, a water-impermeable layer 13 and a water-permeable layer 12 having a locked portion locked to the locking protrusions 3 are laminated. This is a step of preparing the sheet 11 and the fixing member 4 having the protrusion 6 on one surface.

<Hook fastener member>
As shown in FIG. 1, the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 has a large number (a plurality) of locking protrusions 3. The hook-and-loop fastener member 1 can lock the waterproof sheet 11 by the locking protrusion 3. Specifically, the locking protrusion 3 hooks the locked portion of the water-permeable layer 12 constituting the waterproof sheet 11 or entangles the locked portion with the locked portion (locks). ) Works like this. The hook-and-loop fastener member 1 provided with such locking protrusions 3 can be called a planar locking member, and can lock and hold the locked portion of the water-permeable layer 12 on the surface. Examples of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 include a sheet-like member such as Velcro (registered trademark) having a hook for locking.

(Locking protrusion)
The locking projection 3 is provided on the surface of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 on the side facing the waterproof sheet 11. Such locking protrusions 3 may be provided on the entire surface, or may be partially provided at an arbitrary position. Among the surfaces, it is preferable to be provided at least around the position where the fixing member 4 is arranged (that is, in the vicinity of the place where the fixing member 4 is arranged). The locking projections 3 provided at least around the position are located in the locking process described later, when the protruding portion 6 of the fixing member 4 is found from the top of the waterproof sheet 11 by tactile sensation. 3, the waterproof sheet 11 can be easily pressed and locked. In particular, it is preferable that the locking projections 3 are provided on the entire surface of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 because the locking projections 3 are always provided around the fixing member 4 wherever the fixing member 4 is disposed. As a result, it is possible to arrange the fixing member 4 at a free position in the arrangement process described later. The locking protrusions 3 may be provided on both surfaces of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1.

  In the example of FIG. 4, the locking protrusion 3 of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is omitted. However, as shown in FIGS. On the surface opposite to the surface in contact with the body 21 (that is, the surface in contact with the waterproof sheet 11), a locking projection 3 is formed.

  The locking projection 3 may be a single type or a plurality of types having different sizes and shapes. The shape of the locking projection 3 is not particularly limited as long as it can lock the locked portion of the water-permeable layer 12 constituting the waterproof sheet 11. For example, a hook shape or a hook shape is preferable. Among these, the hook-shaped locking projection 3 is more preferable because it has a large force for locking the waterproof sheet 11 (the locked portion of the water-permeable layer 12).

  The material of the locking projection 3 is, for example, iron, copper, aluminum, or an alloy thereof, or a metal material obtained by subjecting them to surface treatment such as plating or chemical conversion treatment; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polychlorinated Vinyl, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin, acrylonitrile-styrene (AS) resin, polyamide, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polysulfone, polyethersulfur Thermoplastic organic materials such as phon, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, polyamide imide, polyether imide, polyether ether ketone, liquid crystal polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene; , Urea resin, melamine resin, unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin, silicone resin, thermosetting organic material such as polyurethane; and the like can be exemplified. The locking protrusion 3 may be composed of a single material among these metal materials, thermoplastic organic materials, thermosetting organic materials, or the like, or a composite of two or more of the same or different materials. It may be configured.

(Structural example)
As an example of the structural form of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 in which a large number (plurality) of the locking protrusions 3 are provided on the base material 2 is given. it can.

  The base material 2 will not be specifically limited if the latching protrusion 3 is provided. For example, a uniformly formed plate-like substrate or sheet-like substrate, or a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or the like processed from a fibrous material (also referred to as a nonwoven fabric-like substrate) can be given. it can. Moreover, as a magnitude | size (plan view shape) of the base material 2, a plate-shaped base material and a sheet-like base material of a large area may be sufficient, the strip-shaped base material which cut those plate-shaped base materials or a sheet-like base material, etc. It may be.

  Examples of the material of the base material 2 include the same metal materials, thermoplastic organic materials, and thermosetting organic materials as those of the above-described locking projections 3. The base material 2 may be composed of a single material among these metal materials, thermoplastic organic materials, thermosetting organic materials, etc., or a composite or laminate of two or more of the same or different materials. And may be configured.

  The means for providing the locking projections 3 on the base material 2 is not particularly limited, but the locking projections 3 may be formed integrally with the base material 2, or the locking protrusions 3 formed separately may be provided on the base material 2. It may be provided by bonding or bonding to the top. Further, a cloth, a sheet, or the like on which the locking protrusion 3 is formed may be bonded to the base material 2, or the locking protrusion 3 may be formed by shaping the surface of the base material 2. .

  The thickness of the substrate 2 is preferably in the range of 0.5 mm or more and 3 mm or less. If the thickness of the substrate 2 is too thin, strength properties such as tensile strength and tear strength may be lowered. Moreover, when the thickness of the base material 2 is too thick, workability may be inferior or the cost may be increased.

  Of these base materials 2, the strip-shaped substrate 2 is preferable, and for example, the strip-shaped substrate 2 made of a galvanized steel sheet is preferable. By using such a belt-like substrate 2, a belt-like surface fastener member 1 can be obtained as shown in FIG.

(Strip-shaped hook-and-loop fastener member)
As shown in FIGS. 1B and 4, when the waterproof sheet 11 is laid after the belt-shaped hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is fixed by a fixing member 4 described later, the band-shaped hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is formed from above the waterproof sheet 11. Since the positions of the plurality of fixing members 4 arranged in the length direction of 1 can be found by tactile sensation, the position of the belt-shaped surface fastener member 1 can be easily grasped.

  The size of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is not particularly limited, but in the case of the belt-like hook-and-loop fastener member 1, the width is preferably the same as or substantially the same as the width W of the plate-like portion 5 of the fixing member 4. For example, the width of the belt-shaped surface fastener member 1 is preferably in the range of 10 mm or more and 50 mm or less. If the width of the belt-shaped hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is too narrow, the area for locking the waterproof sheet 11 becomes small, and the force for locking the waterproof sheet 11 may be weakened. When it is too wide, the operation of fixing the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 to the laying body 21 becomes complicated.

<Waterproof sheet>
As shown in FIG. 5, the waterproof sheet 11 is a sheet in which a water-impermeable layer 13 and a water-permeable layer 12 are laminated. Specifically, the waterproof sheet 11 is locked to the water-impermeable layer 13 and the locking protrusion 3. It is the sheet | seat on which the water-permeable layer 12 which has the to-be-latched part to be laminated | stacked. This waterproof sheet 11 is a sheet that is laid on the laying body 21 to stop liquid such as water leaked from the laying body 21 or gas such as water vapor from passing therethrough.

  The water-impermeable layer 13 constituting the waterproof sheet 11 acts so that liquid or gas leaking from the laying body 21 does not permeate, and the water-permeable layer 12 removes liquid or gas leaking from the laying body 21. Inhales and acts to pass through the impermeable layer 13. And the water-permeable layer 12 has a to-be-latched part. The to-be-latched part should just be a structure form latched by the protrusion 3 for latching. The water-permeable layer 12 may be a sheet-like water-permeable sheet (nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, knitted fabric, etc.), and the water-impermeable layer 13 may be a sheet-like water-impermeable sheet. When the waterproof sheet 11 is configured using a water-permeable sheet and a water-impermeable sheet, the water-permeable sheet and the water-impermeable sheet can be bonded to form the waterproof sheet 11.

(Water-permeable layer)
The water permeable layer 12 is a layer (or sheet) having a locked portion and having water permeability. The water permeable layer 12 is provided on the surface of the waterproof sheet 11 on the side facing the surface fastener member 1. Then, the locked portion of the water permeable layer 12 is locked to the locking protrusion 3 of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1.

  Although not shown, the locked portion is provided on at least the surface of the water permeable layer 12. This surface is a surface on the side facing the surface fastener member 1. “At least the surface” is provided only on the surface of the portion pressed against the locking protrusion 3 provided on the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 when the locked portion is provided on the entire surface. In this case, it means that the entire water-permeable layer 12 is a locked portion.

  The structure form of the locked portion is not particularly limited as long as it is locked to the corresponding locking protrusion 3, and is arbitrarily selected according to the shape, size, etc. of the locking protrusion 3. For example, a configuration in which a ring (loop) that is hooked and locked by the locking projection 3 or a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, or a knitted fabric that is locked by being hooked on the locking projection 3 is used. Can be mentioned. Among these, a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or the like is preferably applied because it can be used as the water permeable layer 12 (water permeable sheet) having water permeability and a locked portion. When the waterproof sheet 11 is pressed against the hook-and-loop fastener member 1, the water-permeable layer 12 having such a locked portion is locked to the locking protrusion 3 of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1.

  The thickness of the water permeable layer 12 is preferably in the range of 3 mm or more and 5 mm or less. When the thickness of the water permeable layer 12 is too thin, the force to be locked to the locking protrusion 3 of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 may be weakened. On the other hand, when the thickness of the water permeable layer 12 is too thick, it may be difficult to find the protruding portion 6 of the fixing member 4 from the top of the waterproof sheet 11 by touch, and the waterproof sheet 11 becomes heavy. The weight of the waterproof sheet 11 cannot be supported by the force with which the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is locked, and the waterproof sheet 11 may peel off.

(Impermeable layer)
The impermeable layer 13 is a layer having no or poor water permeability. This water-impermeable layer 13 is provided to prevent the liquid or gas that has permeated through the water-permeable layer 12 from permeating to the opposite side (for example, the concrete layer 15 side) of the laid object 21 side. The liquid or the like is discharged to the outside along the surface of the impermeable layer 13.

  The material of the water-impermeable layer 13 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the same thermoplastic organic material and thermosetting organic material as the material of the locking protrusion 3 described above. For example, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin, acrylonitrile-styrene (AS) resin, polyamide, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyethylene Thermoplastic organic materials such as terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, polyetheretherketone, liquid crystal polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene; phenol Thermosetting organic materials such as resin, urea resin, melamine resin, unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin, silicone resin, polyurethane, etc. Rukoto can. The water-impermeable layer 13 may be composed of a single material among these thermoplastic organic materials and thermosetting organic materials, or two or more of the same or different materials may be combined or laminated. It may be configured.

  The thickness of the impermeable layer 13 is preferably in the range of 0.6 mm or more and 2 mm or less. When the thickness of the water-impermeable layer 13 is too thin, when the concrete layer 15 is placed thereon, there is a possibility that water or the like may be permeated due to falling or scattering of crushed stones. On the other hand, when the thickness of the water-impermeable layer 13 is too thick, it may be difficult to find the protruding portion 6 of the fixing member 4 from above by the tactile sensation, and the waterproof sheet 11 becomes heavy. The weight of the sheet 11 cannot be supported by the force with which the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is locked, and the waterproof sheet 11 may peel off.

<Fixing member>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the fixing member 4 includes a plate-like portion 5 and a protruding portion 6 provided on one surface of the plate-like portion 5. The protrusion 6 acts so that the position of the fixing member 4 can be easily found from the top of the waterproof sheet 11. Since such a fixing member 4 is disposed on the hook-and-loop fastener member, the position of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 can be accurately grasped from the top of the waterproof sheet 11 by easily finding the position of the fixing member 4 by touch. it can.

(Plate-shaped part)
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the plate-like portion 5 is a plate-like member that functions as a backing plate when the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is fixed to the laying body 21 using the fixture 7 in the fixing step described later. It is. The plate-like portion 5 is fixed using a fixture 7 which will be described later.

  The material of the plate-like portion 5 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the same metal material, thermoplastic organic material, and thermosetting organic material as the material of the locking protrusion 3 and the base material 2 of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 described above. be able to. The plate-like portion 5 may be composed of a single material among these metal materials, thermoplastic organic materials, thermosetting organic materials, or the like, or a composite or laminate of two or more of the same or different materials. And may be configured. Among these, galvanized steel sheets can be preferably used from the viewpoint of mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and cost.

  The thickness T of the plate-like portion 5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.3 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less, and more preferably in the range of 0.4 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less. preferable. If the thickness T of the plate-like portion 5 is too thin, when a concrete nail or the like is used as the fixture 7 in the fixing step described later, when the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 and the fixing member 4 are fixed with the concrete nail or the like, the concrete The head of a nail or the like may come off with force when hitting. On the other hand, if the thickness T of the plate-like portion 5 is too thick, concrete nails or the like cannot be driven sufficiently, and the head of the concrete nails or the like is lifted from the plate-like portion 5, and the concrete with respect to the laying body 21. The pullout strength of nails, etc. may be weakened. Further, the width W of the plate-like portion 5 is not particularly limited. However, when the hook-and-loop fastener member is the belt-like hook-and-loop fastener member 1, the width W of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is preferably the same or substantially the same. For example, the width W of the plate-like portion 5 is preferably in the range of 10 mm or more and 50 mm or less. The length L of the plate-like portion 5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 50 mm or more and 200 mm or less.

  A plurality of locking protrusions 3 may be provided on the surface (flat surface) on the side where the protruding portion 6 is formed, out of both surfaces constituting the plate-like portion 5. The locking protrusion 3 provided on the plate-like portion 5 can hold and hold the waterproof sheet 11. Therefore, the waterproof sheet 11 can be held together with the hook-and-loop fastener member 1, so that the waterproof sheet 11 can be more reliably held.

  The means for providing the locking projection 3 on the plate-like portion 5 is not particularly limited, but the locking projection 3 may be integrally formed on the plate-like portion 5 or a locking projection 3 formed separately may be provided. It may be provided on the plate-like portion 5 by bonding or bonding. Further, a cloth, a sheet, or the like on which the locking projection 3 is formed may be bonded to the plate-like portion 5, or a shaping process is performed on the surface of the plate-like portion 5 to form the locking projection 3. Also good. Since the shape of the locking projection 3 is the same as the shape of the locking projection 3 of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 described above, the description thereof is omitted here.

  A locked portion similar to the locked portion of the water-permeable layer 12 described above may be provided on the surface (flat surface) of the plate-like portion 5 where the protruding portion 6 is not formed. The plate-like portion 5 having the locked portion is locked by the locking protrusion 3 of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 and is held by the hook-and-loop fastener member 1. Therefore, the fixing member 4 having such a plate-like portion 5 is arranged and held on the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 with good workability in an arrangement step described later. Further, since the fixing member 4 having the locked portion is held by the hook-and-loop fastener member, it is fixed without using the fixing tool 7 as described above. Therefore, the fixing member 4 can be held on the hook-and-loop fastener 1 without being fixed using the fixing portion.

(Protruding part)
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the protruding portion 6 is formed on one surface of the plate-like portion 5. One surface thereof is a surface on the side facing the waterproof sheet 11 of the plate-like portion 5 in an arrangement step described later. The protrusion 6 formed on the surface can be easily found by touching the waterproof sheet 11 with a hand in a locking step described later. The protrusion 6 that has been found can be used to grasp the position of the fixing member 4 from above the waterproof sheet 11.

  As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the protruding portion 6 can have various shapes. The protruding portion 6 may be formed by bending or rounding the end of the plate-like portion 5 (FIGS. 2A to 2E), or formed integrally with the plate-like portion 5. (FIGS. 3A to 3E). Further, the protruding portion 6 may be formed separately from the plate-like portion 5 and then combined with the plate-like portion 5.

  When the protrusion 6 is formed by bending or rounding the end of the plate-like part 5, the protrusion 6 has a circular cross section perpendicular to the width W direction of the plate-like part 5 (FIG. 2A). , A triangle (FIG. 2B), a rectangle (FIG. 2C), a sector (FIG. 2D), and a bow (FIG. 2E). Although not shown, the cross section may be any of a semicircular shape, an elliptical shape, a parallelogram shape, a trapezoidal shape, and a radiation shape. The projecting portion 6 having such a cross-sectional shape can be easily found from the top of the waterproof sheet 11 with a tactile sensation. Moreover, when the cross section of the protrusion part 6 is circular, a fan shape, a bow shape, a semicircle, an ellipse, and a radiation shape, it can suppress that the waterproof sheet 11 which covers the protrusion part 6 is damaged. The protruding portion 6 may be formed by bending or rounding one end of the plate-like portion 5, or may be formed by bending or rounding both ends of the plate-like portion 5. Thus, since the edge part of the plate-shaped part 5 is bent or rounded and formed, the protrusion part 6 can be formed at low cost because it is easy to form.

  When the protruding portion 6 is formed integrally with the plate-like portion 5, the protruding portion 6 has a semicircular shape (FIG. 3A) and an elliptical cross section perpendicular to the width W direction of the plate-like portion 5. (FIG. 3B), a parallelogram (FIG. 3C), a trapezoid (FIG. 3D), and a radiation shape (FIG. 3E). Although not shown, the cross section may be any of a circle, a triangle, a rectangle, a sector, and an arc. The protruding portion 6 having such a cross-sectional shape can easily find the protruding portion 6 from the waterproof sheet 11 with a tactile sensation. Moreover, when the cross section of the protrusion part 6 is circular, a fan shape, a bow shape, a semicircle, an ellipse, and a radiation shape, it can suppress that the waterproof sheet 11 which covers the protrusion part 6 is damaged.

  The width of the protruding portion 6 is not limited to having the same width as the width W of the plate-like portion 5. The protruding portion 6 may have, for example, a shape of a cone, an elliptical cone, a pyramid (for example, a triangular pyramid, a quadrangular pyramid) having a bottom surface on the plate-like portion 5 side, a cylinder, an elliptical column, or a rectangular column (for example, a triangular prism, a quadrangular column) . Further, one protrusion 6 may be formed on one surface of the plate-like part 5, or two or more may be formed.

  The material of the protrusion 6 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the same metal material, thermoplastic organic material, thermosetting organic material, and the like as the material of the locking protrusion 3 of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 and the base material 2 described above. it can. The protrusion 6 may be composed of a single material among these metal materials, thermoplastic organic materials, thermosetting organic materials, or the like, or two or more same or different materials may be combined or laminated. It may be configured. Among these, galvanized steel sheets can be preferably used from the viewpoint of mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and cost.

  The height H of the protrusion 6 is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 10 mm or more and 50 mm or less. If the height H is within this range, it is easy to find the protruding portion 6 even from the top of the waterproof sheet 11 and is not too high. Therefore, the waterproof sheet 11 covering the protruding portion 6 is damaged or the surface of the waterproof sheet 11 laid is laid. It is possible to suppress the unevenness from becoming too large. When the height H is less than 10 mm, the protruding portion 6 may not be recognized when touched by hand from above the waterproof sheet 11. If the height H exceeds 50 mm, the concrete layer 15 may be hollow when the concrete layer 15 is laid from above the laid waterproof sheet 11.

  A plurality of locking projections 3 may be provided on the surface of the protruding portion 6. The locking protrusion 3 provided on the protruding portion 6 can lock and hold the waterproof sheet 11 more effectively. The means for providing the locking projection 3 on the protruding portion 6 is not particularly limited, and is the same as the case where the locking projection 3 is provided on the plate-like portion 5 described above, and therefore the description thereof is omitted here.

[Arrangement process]
As shown in FIG. 1 (A), the arranging step is performed by placing the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 and the fixing member on the laying body 21 so that the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is sandwiched between the laying body 21 and the other surface of the fixing member 4. 4 is a step of arranging 4. Here, the “other surface” is a surface on the side of the fixing member 4 on which the protruding portion 6 is not provided. In this arrangement step, the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 and the fixing member 4 are stacked and arranged in this order on the laying body 21.

  The hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is arranged with the surface on which the locking projection 3 is formed facing the opposite side of the laying body 21 (that is, the side in contact with the waterproof sheet 11). The hook-and-loop fastener member 1 arranged in this way may be temporarily fixed to the laying body 21 as necessary. This temporary fixing may be performed with an adhesive or the like, or when the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 provided with locking projections on both sides is used, the laying body 21 of the surface of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is used. The locking protrusions on the side surface may be locked with the laying body 21 or a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric or the like provided in advance on the laying body 21. If positioning is possible without temporary fixing, temporary fixing is not necessary.

  The fixing member 4 is arranged so that the surface on which the protruding portion 6 constituting the fixing member 4 is formed faces the opposite side of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 (that is, the side in contact with the waterproof sheet 11). The direction in which the fixing member 4 is arranged is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the fixing member 4 may be arranged so that the protruding portion 6 is on the lower side, or as shown in FIG. The protrusion 6 may be disposed on the upper side. In addition, when the to-be-latched part similar to the to-be-latched part of the above-mentioned water-permeable layer 12 is provided in the surface by which the protrusion part 6 which comprises the fixing member 4 is not formed, this fixing member 4 Can be locked to the locking projection 3 of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1. By doing so, the fixing member 4 can be easily joined to the hook-and-loop fastener member 1.

  When the belt-shaped hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is used and a plurality of fixing members 4 are arranged on the hook-and-loop fastener member 1, the plurality of fixing members 4 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the band-shaped hook-and-loop fastener member 1, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to arrange. By arrange | positioning in this way, the strip | belt-shaped hook-and-loop fastener member 1 will be arrange | positioned between the some fixing members 4 adjacent. And in the latching process mentioned later, the position of the hook_and_loop | surface fastener member 1 is easily grasped | ascertained from the position of the protrusion part 6 of the fixing member 4 found by tactile sensation on the waterproof sheet 11, and the waterproof sheet is attached to the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 11 can be pressed. That is, since the surface fastener member 1 is fixed between a plurality of adjacent fixing members 4, the surface disposed between the plurality of fixing members 4 by finding the fixing member 4 from the top of the waterproof sheet 11 by tactile sensation. The position of the fastener member 1 can be grasped more easily.

  Moreover, it is preferable to arrange | position the strip | belt-shaped hook_and_loop | surface fastener member 1 in parallel with a fixed space | interval, as shown in FIG. By arranging the belt-shaped hook-and-loop fastener members 1 in parallel, the hook-and-loop fastener members 1 are arranged at regular intervals. As a result, the position of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 can be more easily grasped from above the waterproof sheet 11. Moreover, the fixing member 4 may be arrange | positioned at each both ends of such a strip | belt-shaped hook_and_loop | surface fastener member 1, and the fixing member 4 may be arrange | positioned on the strip | belt-shaped hook_and_loop | surface fastener member 1 at equal intervals or unequal intervals.

  When the laying body 21 is a tunnel ground or a concrete layer formed on the surface of the ground, a plurality of strip-shaped hook-and-loop fastener members 1 may be arranged in parallel to the circumferential direction or the length direction of the tunnel, respectively. preferable. According to this aspect, the position of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 fixed to the ground of the tunnel or the concrete layer formed on the surface of the ground can be easily grasped from the top of the waterproof sheet 11. As a result, the waterproof sheet 11 used for construction in the tunnel can be laid with better workability.

  The arrangement of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 and the fixing member 4 may be performed using an integrated product in which the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 and the fixing member 4 are joined in advance, or the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 and the fixing member 4 are separately provided. You may go to The use of an integrally bonded product is preferable because it can be arranged with good workability. An adhesive, caulking, stapler, or the like can be used for joining the surface fastener member 1 and the fixing member 4.

[Fixing process]
As shown in FIG. 1B, the fixing step is a step of fixing the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 to the laying body 21. Specifically, the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 disposed on the laying body 21 is fixed to the fixing member 4. And it is the process of fixing to the to-be-laid body 21 using the fixing tool 7. FIG.

  The plate-like portion 5 of the fixing member 4 serves as a contact plate when fixing the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 to the laying body 21. The plate-like portion 5 is fixed to the laying body 21 by being driven or screwed into the laying body 21 with the fixing tool 7, and as a result, the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is attached to the laying body 21. It is fixed to the laying body 21. Thus, since the fixing member 4 that works as a backing plate for the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is used, the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 having the low-rigidity base material 2 such as a nonwoven fabric base material such as a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, or a knitted fabric is used. Even if it exists, it can be fixed to the laying body 21.

  The fixture 7 may be anything that penetrates the plate-like portion 5 and the hook-and-loop fastener member 1. For example, a nail or a bolt (including an anchor bolt or the like) can be used. In the case where the laying body 21 is a natural ground of a tunnel or a concrete layer formed on the surface of the natural ground, the fixture 7 is preferably a concrete nail. By passing the plate-like portion 5 and the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 through such a fixture 7, the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 can be fixed to the laying body 21.

  Fixing of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 using the fixture 7 is normally performed every time the fixing member 4 is arranged on the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 in the above-described arrangement process. By fixing the fixing member 4 each time the fixing member 4 is arranged on the hook-and-loop fastener member 1, the arrangement process and the fixing process are repeatedly performed, and the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 can be sequentially fixed to the laying body 21. Depending on the shape of the laying body 21, the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 may be fixed using the fixing tool 7 after all the hook-and-loop fastener members 1, the fixing members 4, and the laying body 21 are arranged.

[Locking process]
As shown in FIG. 1C, the locking step is a step of pressing the waterproof sheet 11 against the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 to lock the locked portion of the waterproof sheet 11 to the hook-and-loop fastener member 1. Specifically, in this locking step, the surface of the water permeable layer 12 constituting the waterproof sheet 11 is pressed against the surface fastener member 1, and the locking protrusion 3 provided on the surface fastener member 1 is used. In this step, the waterproof sheet 11 is stopped (locked) by hooking the locked portion of the water-permeable layer 12 or entangled with the locked portion.

  The position of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is difficult to find from the top of the waterproof sheet 11 by tactile sensation, but the protrusion 6 provided in the fixing member 4 can be easily found from the top of the waterproof sheet 11 by tactile sensation. Therefore, in this locking step, the position of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 can be grasped from the position of the protruding portion 6 found by tactile sensation, and the waterproof sheet 11 can be pressed against the hook-and-loop fastener member 1.

  As described above, when the fixing member 4 is also provided with a locking projection, the waterproof sheet 11 is also formed on the fixing member 4 together with the locking at the locking projection 3 of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1. Can be locked, which is preferable.

[Concrete layer casting process]
As shown in FIG. 5, the concrete layer placing step is a step of providing the concrete layer 15 on the waterproof sheet 11 laid on the laying body 21 after the above-described locking step.

  When the laying body 21 provided with the waterproof sheet 11 is a natural ground of a tunnel, the concrete layer 15 provided on the waterproof sheet 11 is placed as a primary lining concrete layer. In addition, when the laying body 21 provided with the waterproof sheet 11 is a concrete layer (primary lining concrete layer) formed on the surface of the ground of the tunnel, the concrete layer 15 provided on the waterproof sheet 11 is a secondary cover. It is placed as a concrete layer. In these cases, the waterproof sheet 11 laid between the laying body 21 and the concrete layer 15 acts so as to stop the spring water from the laying body 21 side from leaking to the concrete layer 15 side. .

  As described above, in the method of laying the waterproof sheet 11 according to the present invention, the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 is fixed by using the fixing member 4 having the protruding portion 6 on one surface. The position of the fixing member 4 can be easily found from the top of the sheet 11 by touch. Therefore, since the position of the hook-and-loop fastener member 1 can be easily grasped from above the waterproof sheet 11, the waterproof sheet 11 can be accurately pressed against the hook-and-loop fastener member 1. As a result, the waterproof sheet 11 can be laid on the laying body 21 with good workability.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Surface fastener member 2 Base material 3 Locking protrusion 4 Fixing member 5 Plate-shaped part 6 Protrusion part 7 Fixing tool 11 Waterproof sheet 12 Water-permeable layer 13 Water-impermeable layer 15 Concrete layer 21 Laying body

Claims (5)

A method of laying a waterproof sheet for laying a waterproof sheet on a body to be laid,
A hook-and-loop fastener member having a number of locking projections, a waterproof sheet in which a water-impermeable layer and a water-permeable layer having a locked portion to be locked to the locking projections are laminated, and on one surface Preparing a fixing member having a protrusion, and
Said surface fastener member is expected sandwiched between the other surface of the fixing member and the object surface markings towards the retaining projection is formed a surface opposite to the object surface marking, the said projecting portion to be Placing the hook-and-loop fastener member and the fixing member on the laying body toward the opposite side of the laying body; and
Fixing the hook-and-loop fastener member arranged on the laying body to the laying body using the fixing member and the fixture ; and
And a step of pressing the waterproof sheet against the hook-and-loop fastener member and locking the locked portion of the waterproof sheet to the hook-and-loop fastener member.   The waterproof sheet laying method according to claim 1, wherein the hook-and-loop fastener member has a band shape, and a plurality of the fixing members are arranged in a length direction of the hook-and-loop fastener member.   The method for laying a waterproof sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the laying body is a natural ground of a tunnel or a concrete layer formed on a surface of the natural ground.   The laying method of the waterproof sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a step of providing a concrete layer on the waterproof sheet after the step of locking the waterproof sheet to the hook-and-loop fastener member. In order to lay a waterproof sheet on the laying body, a fixing member that fixes a hook-and-loop fastener member that locks the waterproof sheet to the laying body,
A plate-like portion, and a protrusion provided on one surface of the plate-like portion ;
The plate-like portion is composed of a plate-like member whose length direction is formed longer than the width direction,
The protruding portion is formed in a form in which one end or both ends in the length direction of the plate-like portion are bent or rounded to the one surface side, or formed integrally with the plate-like portion. It is formed in the form protruded by said one surface side by .

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