JP5984657B2 - Swing propeller and ship - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a swing propulsion device and a ship, and more particularly to a swing propulsion device such as an azimuth propulsion device and a POD propulsion device and a ship including the swing propulsion device.

  Swing propulsion devices such as azimuth propelling devices and POD propelling devices are known. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a configuration of a general swing propulsion device. The swing propulsion device 101 includes a casing 111, a propeller 113, and a strut 112. The casing 111 supports the propeller 113 so as to be rotatable around the propeller shaft. A drive mechanism for driving the propeller 113 is provided. The strut 112 is fixed to the upper side of the casing 111, and supports the casing 111 so as to be rotatable around the rudder axis D with respect to the hull. In other words, the strut 112 supports the casing 111 on the hull so that the casing 111 and the strut 112 can be integrally rotated with respect to the hull.

  FIG. 2 is a top view schematically showing an operation of turning the rudder with a general swing propulsion device. In this figure, the case where the swing propulsion device 101 is turned in the −X direction by the turning angle θ while navigating in the + Y direction is shown. The swing propelling device 101 turns around a rudder axis D together with a propeller 113, a casing 111 and a strut 112 to be driven, unlike a normal rudder, when turning.

  When the turning angle is 0 °, that is, when the vehicle is traveling straight, the direction A of the water flow and the direction P of the propeller 113 face each other (not shown). Therefore, in the swing propulsion device 101, a lateral force of the propeller 113 and a large turning moment around the rudder axis D based on the force are not generated. However, when steering is performed as in a turning motion, the direction P of the propeller 113 is directed obliquely with respect to the direction A of the water flow. In that case, the propeller 113 generates a force F1 in its lateral direction and a moment M1 (= F1 × L1) around the rudder axis D based on the force F1. A moment Mp about the D axis is also generated in the propeller plane. However, the lateral force F1 and the moment Mp are forces and moments generated by non-uniform flow to the propeller surface. The distance L1 is a distance between the propeller 113 and the rudder shaft D. Here, since the propeller 113 is disposed at a position away from the rudder axis D (the distance L1 is large), a phenomenon may occur in which the turning torque around the rudder axis D becomes excessive due to the aforementioned force / moment. In a swing propulsion device, a technique capable of suppressing the force and moment (turning torque) during turning is desired. A technology that can increase the propulsion efficiency during turning is required.

  As a related technique, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a swing propulsion device. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the configuration of the swing propulsion device of Non-Patent Document 1. The swing propulsion device 101a of Non-Patent Document 1 has a rear end of the strut 112a (an end downstream of the rudder shaft D) at the rear end of the casing 111 (compared to the swing propulsion device 101 of FIG. It extends to the downstream end) opposite to the propeller 113. Further, fins 114 are provided on an extension line of the rudder shaft D below the casing 111. Also in this case, the turning torque around the rudder axis D based on the force / moment generated by the propeller 113 is larger.

  Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2006-103490 discloses a ship equipped with a pod propulsion device. In this ship, a pod propulsion device is provided on the hull via struts. This ship is provided with a steering device including a rudder plate that can be operated independently of the pod propulsion device. The rudder plate may be provided in the rear part of the strut. The rudder plate extends to the rear end of the pod (downstream end opposite to the propeller).

JP 2006-103490 A

Nakashima Propeller Co., Ltd. Catalog “NAP Nakashima Advanced Pod Propeller, swivel NAP type propulsion device” (obtained in November 2011)

  An object of the present invention is to provide a swing propulsion device capable of improving the propulsion efficiency at the time of turning and a ship using the same. Another object of the present invention is to provide a swing propulsion device capable of suppressing the force and moment (turning torque) during turning and a ship using the same.

  These objects and other objects and benefits of the present invention can be easily confirmed by the following description and the accompanying drawings.

  Hereinafter, means for solving the problem will be described using the numbers and symbols used in the embodiments for carrying out the invention. These numbers and symbols are added with parentheses in order to clarify the correspondence between the description of the claims and the mode for carrying out the invention. However, these numbers and symbols should not be used for interpreting the technical scope of the invention described in the claims.

  The swing propulsion device of the present invention includes a propeller (13), a casing (11), and struts (12, 12a, 12b). The casing (11) rotatably supports the propeller (13). The struts (12, 12a, 12b) are fixed to the upper side of the casing (11) and support the casing (11) so as to be rotatable with respect to the hull. The struts (12, 12a, 12b) include a front strut (31) and a rear strut (30, 30a, 30b) provided integrally with the front strut (31). The rear end of the front strut (31) extends rearward to the rear end of the casing (11) in plan view. The front end of the rear strut (30, 30a, 30b) is joined to the rear end of the front strut (31). The rear end of the rear strut (30, 30a, 30b) extends rearward from the rear end of the casing (11) in plan view.

  In the swing propulsion device described above, it is preferable that the lower end of the rear strut (30a) extends downward to the height of the propeller shaft of the propeller (13).

  The swing propulsion device preferably further includes a fin (14) provided on the lower rear side of the casing (11).

  The swing propulsion device preferably further includes a fin (14) provided on the lower rear side of the casing (11). In that case, the lower end of the rear strut (30b) extends downward from the casing (11). The front end of the rear strut (30b) below the casing (11) is connected to the rear end of the fin (14).

  In the above-mentioned swing propulsion device, it is preferable that the rear strut (30b) and the fin (14) are provided integrally.

  The ship of the present invention includes the swing propulsion device according to any one of the above paragraphs.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a swinging propulsion device capable of increasing the propulsion efficiency during turning and a ship using the same. Further, it is possible to provide a swing propulsion device capable of suppressing the force and moment (turning torque) during turning and a ship using the same.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a configuration of a general swing propulsion device. FIG. 2 is a top view schematically showing an operation of turning the rudder with a general swing propulsion device. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the configuration of the swing propulsion device of Non-Patent Document 1. FIG. 4A is a side view showing the configuration of the swing propulsion device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4B is a side view illustrating a configuration example of a ship including the swing propulsion device according to the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a top view schematically showing an operation of turning the rudder with the swing propulsion device according to the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a side view showing the configuration of the swing propulsion device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a side view showing the configuration of the swing propulsion device according to the third embodiment.

  Hereinafter, a swing propulsion device and a ship according to embodiments of the present invention will be described.

(First embodiment)
The configuration of the swing propulsion device and the ship according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 4A is a side view showing the configuration of the swing propulsion device according to the present embodiment. The swing propulsion device 1 is exemplified by a pod propulsion device and an azimuth propulsion device, and includes a casing 11, a propeller 13, and a strut 12. The casing 11 supports the propeller 13 so as to be rotatable around the propeller shaft. The casing 11 includes a drive mechanism that drives the propeller 13. The strut 12 is fixed to the upper side of the casing 11 and supports the casing 11 so as to be rotatable around the rudder axis D with respect to the hull. In other words, the strut 12 supports the casing 11 on the hull so that the casing 11 and the strut 12 are integrally rotatable about the rudder axis D with respect to the hull. The swing propulsion device 1 may further be provided with fins 14 below the rear portion of the casing 11.

  The strut 12 includes a front strut 31 and a rear strut 30. The rear strut 30 is provided integrally with the front strut 31. The rear end of the front strut 31 extends rearward to the rear end E0 of the casing 11 in a plan view (a plan view perpendicular to the rudder shaft D). The lower end of the rear end of the front strut 31 is in contact with the rear end E0 of the casing 11. The front end of the rear strut 30 is connected to the rear end of the front strut 31. The rear end E1 of the rear strut 30 extends rearward from the rear end E0 of the casing 11 in a plan view (a plan view perpendicular to the rudder axis D). The lower end of the rear end E1 of the rear strut 30 is above the axis of the propeller 13. As shown in the figure, it may be slightly above the casing 11. Struts 12 (section AA ′, section BB ′) and fins 14 (section CC ′) are streamlined or airfoil (uncurved airfoil with rounded leading edge and sharp trailing edge) to reduce fluid resistance It is preferable that

  However, the upper side (upper side) and the lower side (lower side) are the upper side (upper side) and the lower side (lower side) in a state where the swing propulsion device is installed in the ship. Further, the front (front side) and the rear (rear side) are the front (front side) and the rear (rear side) in a state where the swing propulsion device is installed on the ship.

  FIG. 4B is a side view showing an example of the configuration of a ship including the swing propulsion device according to the present embodiment. The ship 25 includes a swing propulsion device 1 and a hull 20 (a bow 21, a stern 22, and a ship bottom 23). The swing propulsion device 1 is the swing propulsion device according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4A and is as described above. The swing propulsion device 1 is provided on the stern 22 of the hull 20. The hull 20 is not particularly limited and may be of any type.

  FIG. 5 is a top view schematically showing the operation of turning the rudder with the swing propulsion device according to the present embodiment. This figure shows a case where the swing propulsion device 1 is turned in the −X direction by the turning angle θ while navigating in the + Y direction. However, the same applies when the swing propulsion device 1 is turned in the + X direction by the turning angle θ. The swing propelling device 1 turns around the rudder axis D together with the propeller 13, the casing 11 and the strut 12 to be driven, unlike a normal rudder, when turning.

  When the turning angle is 0 °, that is, when the vehicle is traveling straight, the direction A of the water flow and the direction P of the propeller 13 face each other (not shown). For this reason, in the swing propulsion device 1, a lateral force of the propeller 13 and a large turning moment around the rudder axis D based on the force are not generated. However, when steering is performed like a turning motion, the direction P of the propeller 13 is directed obliquely with respect to the direction A of the water flow. In this case, the propeller 13 generates a force F01 in its lateral direction and a moment M01 (= F01 × L01) around the rudder axis D based on the force F01. A moment Mp0 about the D axis is also generated in the propeller plane. However, the lateral force F01 and the moment Mp0 are forces and moments caused by non-uniform flow to the propeller surface. The distance L01 is a distance between the propeller 13 and the rudder shaft D. Moreover, in the example of this figure, the moment M01 around the rudder axis D is counterclockwise. Here, if the propeller 13 is arranged at a position away from the rudder axis D (distance L01 is large), there is a possibility that a turning torque around the rudder axis D (counterclockwise) becomes excessive.

  However, in the swing propulsion device 1 of the present embodiment, in addition to the lateral force F01 and the moment M01 (counterclockwise) around the rudder axis D based on the force F01, the struts 12 and the fins 14 A moment M02 (clockwise) based on the acting force is generated. Specifically, in the strut 12, the rear strut 30 is particularly provided so as to extend longer behind the rudder shaft D. At that time, when the steering is performed like a turning motion, the strut 12 is directed obliquely with respect to the direction A of the water flow. In that case, a rearward strut 30 behind the rudder axis D of the strut 12 generates a lateral force F02 of the rear strut 30 and a moment M02 around the rudder axis D based on the force F02. However, the lateral force F02 is a lateral component of the force of the water flow pushing the entire side surface of the rear strut 30 behind the rudder shaft D of the strut 12. The moment M02 around the rudder axis D is a moment generated in the entire rear strut 30 behind the rudder axis D of the strut 12 as a rigid body based on the force F02. In the example of this figure, the moment M02 around the rudder axis D is clockwise. Therefore, the moment M02 and the moment M01 work in the reverse direction with respect to the rudder axis D. Here, since the rear strut 30 is sufficiently separated from the rudder shaft D, the moment M02 generated in the entire rear strut 30 can be increased, and both can be canceled out. That is, the moment M01 can be suppressed by the moment M02.

  Note that a clockwise moment can be generated for the fins 14 provided below the rear portion of the casing 11 as well as the rear strut 30 as shown in FIG. However, if the size of the rear strut 30 is sufficiently large, the fins 14 may be omitted.

  The moment M02 is preferably slightly larger than the moment M01 due to the force F01 acting on the propeller 13. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the balance between the moment M01 and the moment M02 from being lost due to the operating state of the propeller 13 and increase the turning torque. Further, like the rudder, a moment that hinders the turning motion of the ship can be generated more, and the course stability of the ship is improved.

  Further, in the swing propulsion device, the swivel shaft is generally inserted vertically into the strut from above. Therefore, the strut is thick even if it has a streamline or a blade cross section. As a result, since the thickness / cord length increases, the propulsion performance resistance tends to increase. However, in the swing propulsion device 1 of the present embodiment, the strut 12 extends long backward. As a result, since the thickness / cord length is reduced, the propulsion performance resistance can be reduced.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, the strut 12 is provided with the rear strut 30 that extends longer than the rudder shaft D behind. Thus, steering is performed like a turning motion, and even if a moment M01 based on the force F01 generated in the propeller 13 is generated, it can be offset by the moment M02 based on the force F02 generated in the rear strut 30. Thereby, in the swing propulsion device 1, the force and moment (turning torque) generated during turning can be suppressed.

(Second Embodiment)
A configuration of the swing propulsion device and the ship according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the size of the strut 12 of the swing propulsion device 1a is larger. Below, the difference is mainly demonstrated.

  FIG. 6 is a side view showing the configuration of the swing propulsion device according to the present embodiment. The swing propulsion device 1a includes a casing 11, a propeller 13, and a strut 12a. The casing 11 and the propeller 13 are the same as those in the first embodiment. The struts 12 a are fixed to the upper side of the casing 11 and support the casing 11 so as to be rotatable around the rudder axis D with respect to the hull 20. In other words, the strut 12 a supports the casing 11 on the hull 20 so that the casing 11 and the strut 12 a can be integrally rotated about the rudder axis D with respect to the hull 20. The swing propulsion device 1a may further include fins 14 below the rear portion of the casing 11.

  The strut 12a includes a front strut 31 and a rear strut 30a. The rear strut 30 a is provided integrally with the front strut 31. The rear end of the front strut 31 extends rearward to the rear end E0 of the casing 11 in a plan view (a plan view perpendicular to the rudder shaft D). The lower end of the rear end of the front strut 31 is in contact with the rear end E0 of the casing 11. The front end of the rear strut 30 a is coupled to the rear end of the front strut 31. The rear end E1 of the rear strut 30a extends rearward from the rear end E0 of the casing 11 in plan view (plan view perpendicular to the rudder axis D). The lower end of the rear strut 30 is substantially the same height as the axis of the propeller 13. In other words, the lower end of the rear strut 30 is lowered downward to the height of the propeller shaft of the propeller 13. The struts 12a (cross section AA ′) and fins 14 (cross section CC ′) may be streamlined or airfoils (uncurved airfoils with rounded leading edges and sharp trailing edges) to reduce fluid resistance. preferable.

Also in this case, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
Further, the size of the rear strut 30a can be increased. Thereby, in the swing propulsion device 1a, it is possible to more reliably suppress the force and moment (turning torque) generated during turning.

(Third embodiment)
A configuration of the swing propulsion device and the ship according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. This embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the size of the strut 12b of the swing propulsion device 1b is larger. Below, the difference is mainly demonstrated.

  FIG. 7 is a side view showing the configuration of the swing propulsion device according to the present embodiment. The swing propulsion device 1b includes a casing 11, a propeller 13, and a strut 12b. The casing 11 and the propeller 13 are the same as those in the second embodiment. The strut 12b is fixed to the upper side of the casing 11, and supports the casing 11 so as to be rotatable around the rudder axis D with respect to the hull 20. In other words, the strut 12b supports the casing 11 on the hull 20 so that the casing 11 and the strut 12b can be integrally rotated about the rudder axis D with respect to the hull 20. In the swing propulsion device 1 b, the fin 14 is further provided below the rear portion of the casing 11.

  The strut 12b includes a front strut 31 and a rear strut 30b. The rear strut 30 b is provided integrally with the front strut 31. The rear end of the front strut 31 extends rearward to the rear end E0 of the casing 11 in a plan view (a plan view perpendicular to the rudder shaft D). The lower end of the rear end of the front strut 31 is in contact with the rear end E0 of the casing 11. The upper front end of the casing 11 in the rear strut 30 b is coupled to the rear end of the front strut 31. The lower front end of the casing 11 in the rear strut 30 b is coupled to the rear end of the fin 14. The rear end E1 of the rear strut 30b extends rearward from the rear end E0 of the casing 11 in a plan view (a plan view perpendicular to the rudder axis D). The lower end of the rear strut 30 has a lower height than the axis of the propeller 13. In other words, the lower end of the rear strut 30b extends downward from the casing 11 (lower than the axis of the propeller 13). The struts 12b (cross section AA ′) and fins 14 (cross section CC ′) may be streamlined or airfoils (uncurved airfoils with a rounded leading edge and a sharp trailing edge) to reduce fluid resistance. preferable. Here, the strut 12b (rear strut 30b) and the fins 14 may be provided integrally.

Also in this case, the same effect as that of the second embodiment can be obtained.
Further, the size of the rear strut 30b can be increased. Thereby, in the swing propulsion device 1b, the force and moment (turning torque) generated during turning can be more reliably suppressed.

  As described above, the swinging propulsion device of each of the above embodiments can cancel the moment due to the force acting on the propeller by the moment based on the force acting on the rear strut (and the fin). Thereby, in the swing propulsion device, the force and moment (turning torque) generated during turning can be suppressed. As a result, the propulsion efficiency during turning can be increased.

  Further, if the moment based on the force acting on the rear strut (and the fin) is made slightly larger than the moment due to the force acting on the propeller, the balance between the two will be lost due to the operating state of the propeller, and the turning torque will further increase. Can be prevented. Thereby, the course stability of the ship can be further improved.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and it is obvious that the embodiments can be appropriately modified or changed within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

1, 1a, 1b: Swing propeller 11: Casing 12, 12a, 12b: Strut 13: Propeller 14: Fin 20: Hull 21: Bow 22: Stern 23: Ship bottom 25: Ship 30, 30a, 30b: Rear strut 31 : Front strut

Claims (6)

With a propeller,
A casing for rotatably supporting the propeller;
A strut fixed to the upper side of the casing and rotatably supporting the casing with respect to the hull;
The strut is
Front struts,
A rear strut provided integrally with the front strut,
The rear end of the front strut extends backward to the rear end of the casing in plan view,
A front end of the rear strut is coupled to a rear end of the front strut, and the rear end of the rear strut extends rearward from the rear end of the casing in a plan view ;
The strut is a swing propulsion device fixed directly on the upper side of the casing . The swing propulsion device according to claim 1,
The lower end of the rear strut extends downward to the height of the propeller shaft of the propeller. In the swing propulsion device according to claim 1 or 2,
A swing propulsion device further comprising a fin provided on a lower rear side of the casing. The swing propulsion device according to claim 1,
Further comprising a fin provided on the lower rear side of the casing,
The lower end of the rear strut extends downward from the casing,
The front end of the rear strut below the casing is coupled to the rear end of the fin. The swing propulsion device according to claim 4,
The rear strut and the fin are provided integrally. A ship provided with the swing propulsion device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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