JP5793603B2 - エアロゾル化可能な食料品の送達 - Google Patents
エアロゾル化可能な食料品の送達 Download PDFInfo
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- 0 C1C(CC2CC3C*C4)C5C2C3C4C5C1 Chemical compound C1C(CC2CC3C*C4)C5C2C3C4C5C1 0.000 description 2
- IKYRNCRUDWBHLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1C(CC(C2)C3CC4)C5C2C3C4C5C1 Chemical compound C1C(CC(C2)C3CC4)C5C2C3C4C5C1 IKYRNCRUDWBHLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRCRJVMFYSQAOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1C(CC2CC3)C4C2C3CC4C1 Chemical compound C1C(CC2CC3)C4C2C3CC4C1 MRCRJVMFYSQAOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXHGHCGIWOXBCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1C2C3C4C5C6C3C1CC6CC5CC4C2 Chemical compound C1C2C3C4C5C6C3C1CC6CC5CC4C2 HXHGHCGIWOXBCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/50—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by shape, structure or physical form, e.g. products with an inedible support
- A23G1/502—Products with edible or inedible supports
- A23G1/505—Products with an inedible support, e.g. a stick
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/305—Products for covering, coating, finishing, decorating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/50—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by shape, structure or physical form, e.g. products with an inedible support
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F7/00—Mouthpieces for pipes; Mouthpieces for cigar or cigarette holders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
- A61M11/001—Particle size control
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
- A61M11/005—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes using ultrasonics
Description
したがって、空気による伝達の経路を介して口に物質を送達する手法は、概して(排他的ではなくとも)、管理された、呼吸以外によって行われる送達に焦点が置かれており、その気流の力および粒子の寸法は、粒子の軌跡が主に口腔内に限定されるようなものである。
1.粒子の寸法は発明者らの送達系にとって極めて重要である。すなわち、粒子は、安静呼吸中に空中に留まるのに充分なだけ小さく、かつ、喉および肺に堆積することを制限されつつ、主として口に堆積するのに充分なだけ大きい必要がある。
2.同時に、装置を通じてマウスピース外へのエアロゾル粒子の典型的な経路は、喉の奥から離れて変化する角度に向けられる。
分かった。
く、側面に対し角度を有しており、したがって、装置が直立しているときであっても、重力によって粉体が落下することを制限する。粉体がカプセル/キャップの内部に存在し、振動その他の運動が最小であるとき、粉体は通路の底面に蓄積する場合があるが、側面の通路を通じて落下することは最小化される。
図5は、エンドキャップ114の代表的な一実施形態についての複数の見方を示す図である。
上述の実施形態のうちの幾つかでは、エアロゾルは、特定の時点にて、または特定の活性化工程に対応する短い期間を通じて発生するか、使用者に依存した工程によって発生するか、またはその両方である。例えば、幾つかの場合には、エアロゾルの発生は、使用者による1つ以上の吸入操作に関連する。それらの実施形態の多くでは、食料品は固体状態であり、ほぼ乾燥した粉体であってもよい。しかしながら、発明者らの手法は、エアロゾルがより連続的な源および/または使用者の外の源(例えば、1つ以上の圧電超音波振動板、エアポンプ、または圧縮空気源)によって発生する、他の一連の実施形態にも関する。これらの源の一部は、ほぼ固体の食料品からエアロゾルを発生させるのに、より適切な場合があり、他の一部は、ほぼ液体の食料品からエアロゾルを発生させるのに、より適切な場合がある。
ゾル化された食料品の消費に関する他の因子を均衡させる濃度範囲の決定が支援される場合がある。したがって、一部の実施形態では、エアロゾル雲は、ポットその他(透明、不透明、または半透明な)媒質または容器内に閉じ込められてよい。特定の一実施形態では、閉じた泡を用いてエアロゾルを閉じ込め、「浮遊する」エアロゾル(容器もしくは泡内を浮遊するか、または容器もしくは泡自体が浮遊する)の美観を保持するとともに、外気に開放された「摂食」または吸入を介するよりも高いエアロゾル濃度を維持し、口へのエアロゾルのより効率的な送達を可能とする。エアロゾルの泡または容器は、幾つかの場合、それ自体可食であってよい。幾つかの場合には、泡または容器は開放されており、エアロゾルへのアクセスを提供できる。
対するアクセスが可能である(例えば、図14を参照)。一部の実施形態では、超音波源は、容器の側面または装置全体の非開放部分に面するように一定の角度に配置可能であるので、開口部の外または開放側面の外にではなく、主として対応する対向する側面に液滴を突出させる(例えば、図13を参照)。
エアロゾル発生装置は、所望の特性(すなわち、粒子寸法、空中伝達時間/浮遊継続時間、放出用量など)のエアロゾルを生成可能な任意の装置である。装置は、例えば、1回の活性化当たり5ミリグラム〜100ミリグラムの用量を放出するように構成されている。エアロゾル発生装置に加えて、追加の気流制約装置、エアロゾルが収容されている密閉空間、吸入器における空気通路、マウスピース、気流配向要素その他、対象者の口へのエアロゾルの送達を可能とする、容易とする、または最適化する装置または構造など、送達装置が存在してもよい。例えば、図2A〜6にはカプセルおよびキャップを示すが、これは、多くの実施形態では、食料品容器として機能し、エアロゾル発生装置(主として格子からなる)を組み込んでいる。多くの実施形態では、カプセルおよびキャップは互いに接続され、また気流配向要素を有するマウスピースに接続され、マウスピースが送達装置として働く。
食料品のエアロゾル化と、それに続く得られたエアロゾル化食料品の送達とは、次に限
定されないが、呼吸、装置の活性化、身体の移動、エアロゾルの移動、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる動作を含む、様々な手段によって生じてよい。例えば、そうした動作は、次のうちの1つ以上を含んでよい。すなわち、
a)呼吸の動作(例えば、マウスピースでの吸入によって、エアロゾル発生装置への食料品の暴露と、エアロゾル化された食料品の口への送達とを生じる);
b)装置活性化の動作。次に限定されないが、少なくとも部分的には食料品をエアロゾル化することを支援するかその原因となる、超音波源の活性化、ポンプの作動、圧縮空気源の活性化、インペラの活性化、容器の穿孔、空気通路の開放を含む(このようにして形成されたエアロゾルは、ほぼ密閉された空間(例えば、スペーサ)に存在してもよく、ほぼ開放された空間に存在してもよい(例えば、空気中または密閉構造中の「雲」として));
c)エアロゾル「に対する」または「に向かった」呼吸の動作(エアロゾルは、例えば、スペーサ装置に収容されていても、雲として自由に浮遊していても、より大きな構造内に収容されていてもよい)。ストロー、マウスピースその他の装置の使用によって行われることで、ほぼ口中に食品を堆積させる;
d)歩行または体を傾けることなど、身体的な移動の動作(場合によっては、特定の手法で、口、舌、その他の身体部分を配置または位置させることと共に)。対象者の口をエアロゾル雲またはその一部に暴露することによって、ほぼ口中に食品を堆積させる;
e)エアロゾル移動の動作。例えば、気流、熱または気圧の勾配、慣性衝突、拡散、または重力によって引き起こされ、対象者の口をエアロゾル雲に暴露するようにエアロゾル雲またはその一部をある位置に持ってゆくことで、ほぼ口中に食品を堆積させる(エアロゾルの移動によって粒子濃度の稀釈と雲の拡散が生じる場合であっても);
f)装置活性化、装置使用、空間制約、気流閉じ込めなど、または、特定の構成、形状などにおける口、唇、舌、顎、頭、その他の身体部分の配置または位置決めの追加の動作、または適切に食料品をエアロゾル化すること、送達すること、および/または味わうことを支援する他の追加の動作(例えば、食品ストローの使用、収容チャンバの開閉、気流を逸らすように舌を持ち上げることなど)。そうした動作を用いて、咳込み、えづき、その他、食料品に対して好ましくない反応を生じる傾向を減少させることを支援することができる。
この装置自体が1回の使用(例えば、使い捨て)または多数回の使用のために設計されてもよく、例えば、用量カプセルが交換されるか、用量チャンバが再充填される。これに代えて、または加えて、装置の一部(例えば、マウスピース、食品収容装置、カプセル、および/またはキャップ)が使い捨てであってもよい。一部の実施形態では、装置は、食料品をエアロゾル化するための力発生機構(ポンプまたは圧縮空気源など)を組み込んでもよい。一部の実施形態では、装置は推進剤を組み込んでよい。
示す装置など、呼吸で作動する吸入器様の装置で発生するエアロゾルは、エアロゾル粒子の寸法がより大きくなければ(また送達装置の気流配向要素がなければ)、相当容易に吸入された空気に続いて肺に向かう。
えて、液体エアロゾルの一部の実施形態(例えば、液体食料品中の超音波源を用いる一部の実施形態)では、界面活性剤は所望の味覚を発生させるのに重要な役割を担うことはない(予備試験では、ワインの場合が該当する)。これは、エアロゾル化によって界面活性剤が食料品の残る部分から分離して、液体における界面活性剤の割合がより大きくなり、したがって、雲における食料品の真の風味を歪める他の食品成分の割合がより大きくなる(例えば、ワインの場合、酸性物質がより多くなる)ためである。
吸気時に肺へ進入する粒子はほとんどまたは全く存在しないように、エアロゾル化が可能であり(500マイクロメートルより充分に大きな粒子は外力に支持されない限り速やかに空中から落下する)、さらに充分に大きな粒子(ほぼ1、2、3、4、5、10、または20マイクロメートルより大きい)を有する食品形態を設計することによって、発明者らの技術では口への堆積および送達が行われる。理想的には、粒子は、例えば、約50%以上、約60%以上、約70%以上、約80%以上、約90%以上、約95%以上、約97%以上、または約99%以上の粒子が口中に堆積され、さらに呼吸器官へと達しないように、設計(寸法決定)される。粒子の設計では、咳込み、えづき、その他、エアロゾルに対して好ましくない反応を生じる傾向を減少させることを考慮してもよい。
使用される食料品および装置に応じて、食料品は、タブレットまたはピルの形態で、ブリスターパック中に、カプセル内に、簡単にはジャー状容器中の粉体として、および/または平皿、箱、コンテナ、魔法瓶、瓶などに、貯蔵および/または収容されてよい。
時間および/または空間を通じて変化し得る湿度その他の周囲の大気条件を用いて、時間または場所に依存したエアロゾルの変化、および/または対象者において開始する知覚の検出および伝達の変化を生じさせることが可能である。これらの条件によるトリガによって、粒子が、異なる味の、香りの、空気力学的な、化学的な、物理的な、幾何学的な、および/または他の特性を有してもよく、それによって、粒子の味、質感、色、寸法、エアロゾル化能、および/または他の態様が変化してもよい。
特定の実施形態に応じて、食料品は様々な継続時間においてエアロゾル形態(空中にあ
る)であることが可能である。例えば、吸入器式の装置の場合、食料品は、通常、吸入および摂取の生じる時間にのみ空中にあり、この時間は、例えば、約1/2秒以内、約1秒以内、約3秒以内、約5秒以内、約8秒以内、約10秒以内、約15秒以内、または場合によってはそれより長い期間であってよい。これに代えて、エアロゾル雲を生成することによって食品送達装置が動作する場合、食料品は、例えば、少なくとも約1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、15、20、25、30、もしくは60秒、または少なくとも約2、5、10、15、20、30、45、60、90、120、もしくは180分の間、空中に浮遊していてもよい。例えば、エアロゾル雲の機械的な撹拌(例えば、対流による)は、エアロゾル雲が浮遊している時間を増加するように機能することが可能である。
発明者らの装置は、食品がどのように体験されるかを変換して、食品の強化された美観の体験を可能とすることができる。例えば、この装置は、例えば、食品の雲で充填された空間、浸漬用チャンバ(immersive chamber)、および食品ストローに対象者を曝露することによって、対象者に食品を体験させることが可能である。実際、企業、レストラン、およびナイトクラブにおいて、そうした「食品体験」を提供することが可能である。
ラム(例えば、甘い物、脂肪性食品、チョコレート、およびカフェインに対する渇望感を満たすことにより)や、中毒の治療(例えば、アルコール、喫煙、薬物に対する衝動を、ただし充分に小さな、ほとんど有害でない量で満たすことによる)の基盤を形成することができる。
本発明の実施例
以下の実施例は本発明の例示となることが期待されるものであり、本発明の範囲を限定するものでは全くない。
1回作動の粉体吸入器からの食品エアロゾル化における理想的な粒子寸法の決定を支援するために、初期平均粒子寸法がほぼ140マイクロメートル以上であるミント粉末試料を使用した。乳鉢および乳棒を用いて、乾燥したミント粉体を粉砕した。平均粒子寸法は、〜11マイクロメートル程度まで減少した(HELOS−RODOS粒子寸法決定システムを用いて決定した)。異なる寸法の粒子を、異なる寸法の3つのカプセルに配置し、手持ち式の吸入器により試験した。
平均粒子寸法がほぼ140、111、72、40、18、および11マイクロメートルであるミント粒子の試料を用いて、試験を行った。カプセル(各々、約30〜120mgのミントを収容)をエアロゾル化器に配置し、穿孔して、空気中へ粒子を放出するように吸入器を作動させた。大部分の粒子は放出後5秒以内に落ちることが分かったが、その割合は試料の粒子寸法が減少するとともに減少した。平均粒子寸法がほぼ140、111、および72マイクロメートルの試験では比較的高く、平均粒子寸法がほぼ40、18、および11マイクロメートルの試験では比較的低かった。平均粒子寸法がほぼ18および11マイクロメートルの試験では、相当霧状な一様な雲柱が発生し、視覚的に識別される粒子はほとんどなかった。
する寸法(例えば、少なくとも18〜70マイクロメートルの間)のエアロゾル化された粒子を製造可能であることが示される。
図16〜18に示すようなエアロゾル化された食品の送達装置は、エアロゾル化されたチョコレートを送達するように設計した。チョコレートを細かい粒子へ切断し、続いて寸法によって選別した。多くの容易に入手可能なチョコレートは、粉砕した場合、粒子に手を触れ過ぎない(そうすると、速やかに溶けて融合する)ように注意している限り、記載の送達装置においてエアロゾル化するのに充分に乾いたままであることが分かった。市販のチョコレートまたはココア粉末は、乾燥させておくことで、はるかに安定であることが可能となる(例えば、はるかに溶融しにくくなる)とともに、別のエアロゾルの味の体験を生じさせる際に有用な粉末となる。篩を用いると、特定の寸法範囲を選択することが可能であるので、(他の寸法範囲と同様)多数の粒子がほぼ125〜180マイクロメートルの範囲の直径を有する試料は、強い味およびエアロゾル化に適切であることが分かった。また、一定の粒子は、より深い呼吸器に達する前に空中から落ちる寸法(>10マイクロメートル)のものであっても、寸法が約100マイクロメートル以上に達するときであっても、咳をする反射を生じ得るが、これは、気流を配向するマウスピース要素によって顕著に減少されることも分かった(また、粒子の水溶性が咳をする反射を誘発する可能性において一定の役割を担う場合があることも分かった)。約180マイクロメートルより大きな粒子は、エアロゾル化することが次第に困難となり、単に小さな数片のチョコレートが舌の上に落ちたように味わわれ始める。
Claims (18)
- 送達装置であって、
エアロゾル化された粒子を放出するためのエアロゾル送達装置を備え、
エアロゾル送達装置は、
入口から出口までの間に延びている流体流通路を形成するマウスピースと、
マウスピースの出口の面から離間されており、マウスピースの出口の軸に沿ったエアロゾル化された粒子の流れに対向するように配置された偏向部材と、
マウスピースの端部から離間されてマウスピース外に配置され、マウスピースに対し前記偏向部材を取り付けるブリッジ部と、を備え、
該偏向部材は、マウスピースの出口を出るエアロゾル化された粒子を使用者の口の側面に再配向するように構成されている、送達装置。 - エアロゾル化可能な粒子を収容している貯蔵部をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の送達装置。
- 貯蔵部は交換可能に構成されている、請求項2に記載の送達装置。
- 貯蔵部はマウスピースと一体である、請求項2に記載の送達装置。
- エアロゾル送達装置は、マウスピースに取付けられたエンドキャップを備え、エンドキャップは、エンドキャップを通じて延びている1つ以上の吸気路を形成する、請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の送達装置。
- エンドキャップおよびマウスピースは共に、粒子を収容しているカプセルを受け入れるように寸法の決定された内部キャビティを形成している、請求項5に記載の送達装置。
- カプセルはエアロゾル発生装置を含む、請求項6に記載の送達装置。
- エアロゾル発生装置は格子を含む、請求項7に記載の送達装置。
- 粒子は液体を含む、請求項6乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の送達装置。
- 粒子は乾燥した粉体を含む、請求項6乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の送達装置。
- 粒子は対照をなす反応性を示す2つ以上の異なる粒子を含む、請求項6乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の送達装置。
- エアロゾル送達装置、エアロゾル発生装置、および貯蔵部のうちの1つ以上は、可食部分を含む、請求項1乃至11のいずれか一項に記載の送達装置。
- 活性化装置をさらに備える、請求項1乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の送達装置。
- 活性化装置は超音波装置または圧電装置を含む、請求項13に記載の送達装置。
- 活性化装置はポンプを含む、請求項13に記載の送達装置。
- 前記活性化装置はエアロゾル発生装置である、請求項13乃至15のいずれか一項に記載の送達装置。
- 手持ち式である請求項1乃至16のいずれか一項に記載の送達装置。
- 卓上用装置である、請求項1乃至17のいずれか一項に記載の送達装置。
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2008
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- 2008-10-08 DK DK08862304T patent/DK2230934T3/da active
- 2008-10-08 JP JP2010538005A patent/JP5570996B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-10-08 EP EP12183731.4A patent/EP2534957B1/en active Active
- 2008-10-08 WO PCT/US2008/079214 patent/WO2009079078A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-10-08 PT PT08862304T patent/PT2230934E/pt unknown
- 2008-10-08 EP EP08862304A patent/EP2230934B8/en active Active
- 2008-10-08 ES ES08862304T patent/ES2394589T3/es active Active
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PT2230934E (pt) | 2012-11-20 |
WO2009079078A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
EP2230934B1 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
US20110011394A1 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
EP2534957B1 (en) | 2015-05-27 |
CY1113862T1 (el) | 2016-07-27 |
US9179691B2 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
ES2394589T3 (es) | 2013-02-04 |
JP2011505972A (ja) | 2011-03-03 |
CA2709071A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
DK2230934T3 (da) | 2012-11-26 |
EP2230934A1 (en) | 2010-09-29 |
WO2009079078A4 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
EP2534958A1 (en) | 2012-12-19 |
CA2709071C (en) | 2016-11-15 |
EP2230934B8 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
JP5570996B2 (ja) | 2014-08-13 |
EP2534957A1 (en) | 2012-12-19 |
HK1148910A1 (en) | 2011-09-23 |
JP2014195727A (ja) | 2014-10-16 |
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