JP5776808B2 - ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT MATERIAL, ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT, LIGHTING DEVICE AND DISPLAY DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a material for an organic electroluminescence element, an organic electroluminescence element, a lighting device, and a display device, and more particularly to a compound that can be preferably used for an organic electroluminescence element and an organic electroluminescence element.

  Conventionally, there is an electroluminescence display (ELD) as a light-emitting electronic display device. Examples of the constituent elements of ELD include inorganic electroluminescent elements and organic electroluminescent elements (hereinafter also referred to as organic EL elements). Inorganic electroluminescent elements have been used as planar light sources, but an alternating high voltage is required to drive the light emitting elements.

  On the other hand, an organic EL element has a configuration in which a light emitting layer containing a compound that emits light is sandwiched between a cathode and an anode, and injects electrons and holes into the light emitting layer to recombine excitons. This is an element that emits light by utilizing the emission of light (fluorescence / phosphorescence) when this exciton is deactivated, and can emit light at a voltage of several volts to several tens of volts. Therefore, it has a wide viewing angle, and since it is a thin-film type complete solid-state device, it has attracted attention from the viewpoints of space saving and portability.

  As for development of organic EL elements for practical use, Princeton University has reported organic EL elements that use phosphorescence emission from excited triplets (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). Research on the materials shown has become active (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2).

  In addition, recently discovered organic EL devices that use phosphorescence can realize a luminous efficiency that is approximately four times that of previous devices that use fluorescence. Research and development of light-emitting element layer configurations and electrodes are performed all over the world. For example, many compounds have been studied for synthesis centering on heavy metal complexes such as iridium complexes (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 3).

  Although this is a very high potential method, the organic EL device using phosphorescence emission is greatly different from the organic EL device using fluorescence emission, and the method for controlling the position of the emission center, particularly the emission layer, is particularly different. An important technical issue in capturing the efficiency and lifetime of the device is how to recombine inside to stably emit light.

  Therefore, in recent years, multilayer multilayer devices having a hole transport layer (located on the anode side of the light emitting layer) and an electron transport layer (located on the cathode side of the light emitting layer) adjacent to the light emitting layer are well known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).

  On the other hand, from the viewpoint of materials, high carrier transportability and thermally and electrically stable materials are demanded. In particular, when using blue phosphorescence, since the blue phosphorescent compound itself has high triplet excitation energy (T1), it is possible to develop applicable peripheral materials and precisely control the emission center. There is a strong demand.

  For example, in a light emitting layer containing a phosphorescent light emitting material, a technique using a dibenzothiophene derivative as a host material (for example, see Patent Document 3), a dibenzothiophene derivative or a dibenzofuran derivative as a hole injection component and / or a light emitting component. Technology to be used (see, for example, Patent Document 2), and technology using a derivative in which a carbazolyl group is bonded at the N-position to a ring in which a part of carbon atoms constituting dibenzothiophene or dibenzofuran is substituted with a nitrogen atom as a host material ( For example, see Patent Document 4).

  On the other hand, expectations for a wet method (also referred to as a wet process) are high due to demands for large area, low cost, and high productivity. Since the film can be formed at a lower temperature than the film formed by the vacuum process, damage to the lower organic layer can be reduced, and further great expectations are given from the viewpoint of improving the light emission efficiency and the device life.

  However, in order to realize device fabrication by a wet process in an organic EL device using blue phosphorescence emission, in particular, film formation properties of a host material contained in the light emitting layer and an electron transport material laminated on the light emitting layer Solubility in the coating solvent is a problem. Therefore, from a practical point of view, currently known host materials and electron transport materials are still insufficient in terms of solvent solubility, solution stability, driving voltage, etc., and further improvement techniques are indispensable. I know that there is.

US Pat. No. 6,097,147 JP 2005-112765 A JP 2007-126403 A US 2009/0134784

M.M. A. Baldo et al. , Nature, 395, 151-154 (1998) M.M. A. Baldo et al. , Nature, 403, 17, 750-753 (2000) S. Lamansky et al. , J .; Am. Chem. Soc. 123, 4304 (2001)

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its object is to provide a material for an organic electroluminescence element, an organic electroluminescence element, a display device, and an illumination device that have high luminous efficiency, long emission lifetime, and low driving voltage. Is to provide.

  The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following configuration.

  1. An organic electroluminescent element material comprising a compound represented by the following general formula (1).

(Wherein, Ar ₁ and Ar ₃ represents a group .Ar ₂ represents a group derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or aromatic heterocyclic ring which is derived from 6-membered aromatic ring, Ar ₂ is more present In this case, 6-membered aromatic rings represented by Ar ₂ may be bonded to each other to form a condensed ring, n3 represents an integer of 0 or more, and n1 and n2 each represents an integer of 1 or more. N1 + n2 + n3 is 2 or more, and when n1, n2 and n3 are each 2 or more, Ar _{1 to} Ar ₃ may be the same or different, and Ar represents the following general formula (2).

(In the formula, Y represents either O or S, and X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₃ , X ₄ , X ₅ , X ₆ , X ₇ and X ₈ are each independently = C (R ₁ ). -Or = N-, but at least two are = N-, R ₁ represents a hydrogen atom, a substituent or a linking site.)

2. 2. The organic electroluminescence device according to 1 above, wherein at least one of X _{1 and} X ₃ in the general formula (2) is represented by ═C (R ₁ ) —, and R ₁ represents a linking site. Materials.

  3. 3. The material for organic electroluminescence elements according to 1 or 2, wherein the general formula (2) is represented by the following general formula (2-a).

(In the formula, Y, X ₂ and X _{4 to} X ₈ each represent a group having the same meaning as Y, X ₂ , X _{4 to} X ₈ and R _{1 in the} general formula (2). X ₂ and X ₄ of to X _8, at least two = a N-. * represents a linking site.)

4). 2. The organic electroluminescent element material according to 3 above, wherein _two of X ₂ and X _{4 to} X _{8 in} the general formula (2-a) are = N-.

  5. 3. The material for an organic electroluminescent element according to 1 or 2, wherein the general formula (2) is represented by the following general formula (2-b).

(In the formula, Y and X _{2 to} X ₇ each represent a group having the same meaning as Y, X _{2 to} X ₇ and R _{1 in the} general formula (2). At least two of X _{2 to} X ₇ are included. Is = N-, * represents a linking site.)

6). 6. The organic electroluminescent element material according to 5, wherein _two of X _{2 to} X ₇ in the general formula (2-b) are = N—.

  7). 3. The material for an organic electroluminescent element according to 1 or 2, wherein the general formula (2) is represented by the following general formula (2-c).

(In the formula, Y, X _{2 to} X ₅ , X ₇ and X ₈ represent the same groups as Y, X _{2 to} X ₅ , X ₇ , X ₈ and R _{1 in the} general formula (2), respectively. And at least two of X _{2 to} X ₅ , X ₇ and X ₈ are ═N—, * represents a linking site.)

8). 8. The organic electroluminescent element material according to 7, wherein _two of X _{2 to} X ₅ , X ₇ and X _{8 in} the general formula (2-c) are = N—.

  9. 3. The material for organic electroluminescence elements according to 1 or 2, wherein the general formula (2) is represented by the following general formula (2-d).

(In the formula, Y, X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₄ , X ₅ , X ₇ , X ₈ are Y, X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₄ , X ₅ , X _{7 in the} general formula (2), respectively. , X ₈ and R ₁ are the same as defined above, and at least two of X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₄ , X ₅ , X ₇ and X ₈ are ═N—, and * represents a linking site. )

10. 10. The organic electroluminescence according to 9, wherein _two of X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₄ , X ₅ , X ₇ and X _{8 in} the general formula (2-d) are ═N—. Element material.

  11. An organic electroluminescence device comprising a plurality of organic compound layers sandwiched between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, comprising a light emitting layer containing a phosphorescent compound, wherein at least one of the organic compound layers is the above-mentioned 1 10. An organic electroluminescence device comprising the organic electroluminescence device material according to any one of 10 above.

  12 At least one of the organic compound layers is an electron transport layer, and the electron transport layer contains the material for an organic electroluminescence element according to any one of 1 to 10 above. 12. The organic electroluminescence device as described in 11 above.

  13. The light-emitting layer contains a host material and a phosphorescent compound, and the host material is made of the material for an organic electroluminescence device according to any one of 1 to 10, 11. The organic electroluminescence device according to 11.

  14 14. The organic electroluminescence device according to any one of 11 to 13, wherein at least one of the phosphorescent compounds is represented by the following general formula (D).

(In the formula, P and Q each independently represent a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, and A ₁ represents an atomic group that forms an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring together with P—C. A ₂ represents Q—. Represents an atomic group that forms an aromatic heterocycle with N. P ₁ -L ₁ -P ₂ represents a bidentate ligand, and P ₁ and P ₂ each independently represent a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or an oxygen atom L ₁ represents a group of atoms forming a bidentate ligand with P ₁ and P ₂ , j1 represents an integer of 1 to 3, j2 represents an integer of 0 to 2, and j1 + j2 represents 2 or 3. M ₁ represents a metal element of group 8 to 10 in the element period.)

  15. 15. The organic electroluminescence device as described in 14 above, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (D) is a compound represented by the following general formula (D-1).

(In the formula, Z represents a hydrocarbon ring group or a heterocyclic group. P, A ₁ , P ₁ , P ₂ , L ₁ and M ₁ are P, A represented by the general formula (D), respectively. ₁ , P ₁ , P ₂ , L _1, and M ₁ each represents the same group as A 1. A ₃ represents an atomic group that forms an aromatic heterocycle with N—C═N, and —C (R ₀₁ ) ═C ( R ₀₂ ) —, —N═C (R ₀₂ ) —, —C (R ₀₁ ) ═N— or —N═N—, each of R ₀₁ and R ₀₂ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. And j2 represent an integer having the same meaning as j1 and j2 in the general formula (D), and j1 + j2 is 2 or 3.

  16. 16. The organic electroluminescence device as described in 15 above, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (D-1) is a compound represented by the following general formula (D-2).

(In the formula, Z ₂ represents an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or an aromatic heterocyclic group. Z ₁ represents a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a 5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring together with C—C. Represents an atomic group necessary for forming P ₁ , P ₂ , L _1, and M ₁ , each having the same meaning as P ₁ , P ₂ , L _1, and M ₁ represented by the general formula (D); R ₀₃ and R ₀₄ each represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and may be bonded to each other to form a ring, j1 and j2 each represent an integer having the same meaning as j1 and j2 in formula (D). , J1 + j2 is 2 or 3.)

  17. 17. The organic electroluminescence device according to any one of 11 to 16, wherein the phosphorescent compound is a compound containing Ir or Pt metal.

  18. 18. The organic electroluminescence device according to any one of 11 to 17, wherein at least two layers of the organic compound layers are manufactured through a process of forming and forming by a wet method (wet process). .

  19. 19. The organic electroluminescence element according to any one of 11 to 18, wherein the organic electroluminescence element emits white light.

  20. 20. An illumination device comprising the organic electroluminescence element according to any one of 11 to 19.

  21. A display device comprising the organic electroluminescence element according to any one of 11 to 19 above.

  The organic electroluminescence element material of the present invention can provide an organic electroluminescence element that exhibits high emission luminance, has a long half-life, and has a low driving voltage, and an illumination device and a display device using the element. .

It is the schematic diagram which showed an example of the display apparatus comprised from an organic EL element. 4 is a schematic diagram of a display unit A. FIG. It is a schematic diagram of a pixel. It is a schematic diagram of a passive matrix type full-color display device. It is the schematic of an illuminating device. It is a schematic diagram of an illuminating device. The schematic block diagram of an organic electroluminescent full color display apparatus is shown.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  As a result of intensive studies in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors show high emission luminance by using at least one compound represented by the general formula (1), have a long half-life, and have a driving voltage of It has been found that a low organic EL element, and a lighting device and a display device using the organic EL element can be provided, and the present invention has been achieved.

  Many compounds composed of aromatic hydrocarbon rings and aromatic heterocyclic rings have been reported as compounds used as materials for organic EL devices. However, a compound in which a single ring is linked such as a benzene ring or a pyridine ring has a low glass transition temperature (Tg) or a long conjugate length even if Tg is high, and requires a high triplet excitation energy (T1). There is a problem that it cannot be applied to an element that utilizes blue phosphorescence.

  On the other hand, a carbazole ring or azacarbazole ring, which is often used as a skeleton constituting a compound for an organic EL device, is a compound having a high Tg because three rings are condensed and the planarity of the ring is maintained. Can be provided. However, the compounds having carbazole or azacarbazole as the main skeleton have a high LUMO and tend to be disadvantageous for electron injection. Therefore, an organic EL device using them tends to have a high driving voltage.

  Recently, many compounds having a main skeleton of a dibenzofuran ring or a dibenzothiophene ring have been proposed. Since it has high planarity and can be connected to another skeleton without lowering Tg by selecting the introduction position of the substituent, a material having high Tg and high T1 can be provided. However, there are still problems with stability against oxidation and hole injection, and further improvement has been demanded.

  Therefore, the present inventors further studied, and as a result, by replacing some of the carbon atoms constituting the dibenzofuran ring and the dibenzothiophene ring with nitrogen atoms, the ionization potential is lowered, and a compound that is stable against oxidation and holes can be obtained. It became possible to provide. Moreover, the planarity of the ring is maintained in the compound, and a compound having a high Tg and a high T1 can be provided by introducing a substituent.

  On the other hand, from the viewpoint of a material suitable for a wet process, a compound having too high planarity generally has low solubility in a solvent, and further has a problem that it is easily crystallized in the film when it is formed into a film. A material with low planarity is preferable from the viewpoint of solubility, but the Tg of the compound itself is often low.

  Also, from the viewpoint of carrier transport in the film after film formation, a partially overlapping film is more advantageous from the viewpoint of carrier transport than a completely amorphous film having no intermolecular overlap. is there.

  Therefore, as a result of examination in view of the above problems, planarity is maintained by connecting a 6-membered aromatic ring to dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene partially substituted with nitrogen atoms as represented by the general formula (1). However, it has become possible to provide compounds with improved solubility. In addition, some of these compounds are partially overlapped in the film because some planarity is maintained, the point of carrier transport is improved, high luminous efficiency, long luminous lifetime, and low driving voltage. An organic EL device could be provided.

  The organic compound layer (hole injection layer, hole transport layer, light emitting layer, electron transport layer, electron injection layer, etc.) sandwiched between the anode and the cathode and between the anode and the cathode constituting the organic EL element ) Will be described in detail later.

  Hereinafter, the compound represented by the general formula (1) will be described.

In the general formula (1), Ar ₁ and Ar ₃ represent groups derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring.

  Examples of the group derived from the aromatic hydrocarbon ring include groups derived from the group consisting of a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, a naphthacene ring, a pyrene ring, a chrysene ring, and the like. Of these, a benzene ring is preferred.

  Examples of the group derived from the aromatic heterocycle include a carbazole ring and an azacarbazole ring (here, an azacarbazole ring is a group in which one or more carbon atoms constituting the carbazole ring are replaced with a nitrogen atom). ), Triazole ring, imidazole ring, pyrazole ring, pyrrole ring, pyridine ring, pyrazine ring, quinoxaline ring, thiophene ring, thiazole ring, silole ring, oxadiazole ring, dibenzofuran ring, dibenzothiophene ring, indole ring, thienothiophene Ring, dibenzocarbazole ring, benzodithiophene ring, phenanthroline ring, acridine ring, benzoquinoline ring, phenazine ring, phenanthridine ring, phenanthroline ring, cyclazine ring, kindlin ring, tepenidine ring, quinindrine ring, triphenodithiazine ring, Riphenodioxazine ring, phenanthrazine ring, anthrazine ring, perimidine ring, naphthofuran ring, naphthothiophene ring, benzodifuran ring, benzodithiophene ring, naphthodifuran ring, naphthodithiophene ring, anthrafuran ring, anthradifuran ring, anthrathiophene Ring, anthradithiophene ring, thianthrene ring, phenoxathiin ring, thiophanthrene ring (naphthothiophene ring), dibenzofuran ring in which one or more constituent carbon atoms are replaced by nitrogen atoms, one or more constituent carbon atoms And a group derived from a dibenzothiophene ring in which is replaced by a nitrogen atom. Preferably, a carbazole ring, an azacarbazole ring, a pyridine ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a dibenzothiophene ring, a dibenzofuran ring in which one or more constituent carbon atoms are replaced with a nitrogen atom, and one or more constituent carbon atoms are replaced with a nitrogen atom And a group derived from a dibenzothiophene ring.

Each group derived from the above aromatic hydrocarbon ring or aromatic heterocyclic ring may further have a substituent. As a substituent, for example, the general formula (2) is a substituent described later represented by R ₁ and the like.

Ar ₂ represents a group derived from a 6-membered aromatic ring. An aromatic ring refers to an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring, and groups derived from a 6-membered aromatic ring include a benzene ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyridazine ring, a triazine ring, Examples include groups derived from a tetrazine ring and the like. A group derived from a benzene ring or a pyridine ring is preferred.

When a plurality of Ar ₂ are present, Ar ₂ may be the same or different. When a plurality of Ar ₂ are present, the 6-membered aromatic rings represented by Ar ₂ may be bonded to each other to form a condensed ring.

Examples of the condensed ring formed by bonding 6-membered aromatic rings represented by Ar ₂ to each other include, for example, a carbazole ring, an azacarbazole ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a dibenzothiophene ring, and one or more carbon atoms constituting the ring. Dibenzofuran ring in which is replaced with a nitrogen atom, dibenzothiophene ring in which one or more of the constituent carbon atoms is replaced with a nitrogen atom, and the like.

In addition, each group derived from the 6-membered aromatic ring represented by Ar ₂ may further have a substituent. As a substituent, for example, the general formula (2) is a substituent described later represented by R ₁ and the like.

  n2 represents 1 or more, and n1 and n3 each represents an integer of 0 or more. n1 is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 1 to 6, and still more preferably 1 to 4. n2 is preferably 1 to 6, and more preferably 1 to 4. n3 is preferably 0 to 6, more preferably 0 to 4. n1 + n2 + n3 is 2 or more, preferably 3 to 10, more preferably 3 to 6.

When n1, n2 and n3 are each 2 or more, Ar _{1 to} Ar ₃ may be the same or different.

The groups represented by Ar _{1 to} Ar ₃ are preferably bonded non-conjugatedly in order to keep T1 of the compound represented by the general formula (1) high. The term “non-conjugated” as used herein refers to a case where the single bond (also referred to as a single bond) and a double bond cannot be expressed, or the conjugation is sterically cleaved due to steric twisting of aromatic rings. means.

Ar is represented by the general formula (2). In the general formula (2), Y represents O or S. X _{1 to} X ₈ represent —C (R ₁ ) ═ or —N═, and at least one is ═N—.

Among X _{1 to} X ₈ , preferably 1 to 4 are represented by ═N—, more preferably 1 to 2 are represented by ═N—.

R ₁ represents a hydrogen atom, a substituent or a linking site. Examples of the substituent represented by R ₁ include an alkyl group (for example, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, octyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, Tetradecyl group, pentadecyl group, etc.), cycloalkyl group (eg, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, etc.), alkenyl group (eg, vinyl group, allyl group, etc.), alkynyl group (eg, ethynyl group, propargyl group, etc.), aromatic Hydrocarbon group (also called aromatic hydrocarbon ring group, aromatic carbocyclic group, aryl group, etc., for example, phenyl group, p-chlorophenyl group, mesityl group, tolyl group, xylyl group, naphthyl group, anthryl group, azulenyl group , Acenaphthenyl group, fluorenyl group, phenanthryl group, indenyl group, pyrenyl group, biphenyl Nylyl group, etc.), aromatic heterocyclic groups (for example, pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, furan ring, pyrrole ring, imidazole ring, benzimidazole ring, pyrazole ring, pyrazine ring, triazole ring, oxazole ring, benzoxazole ring, thiazole ring , Isoxazole ring, isothiazole ring, thiophene ring, quinoline ring, benzofuran ring, dibenzofuran ring, benzothiophene ring, dibenzothiophene ring, indole ring, carbazole ring, azacarbazole ring (here, azacarbazole ring is the above-mentioned carbazole One or more carbon atoms constituting the ring are replaced by nitrogen atoms), quinoxaline ring, pyridazine ring, triazine ring, quinazole ring, phthalazine ring, silole ring, oxadiazole ring, thienothiophene ring, dibenzocarba Zo Ring, benzodithiophene ring, phenanthroline ring, acridine ring, benzoquinoline ring, phenazine ring, phenanthridine ring, phenanthroline ring, cyclazine ring, kindlin ring, tepenidine ring, quinindrin ring, triphenodithiazine ring, triphenodioxazine ring , Phenanthrazine ring, anthrazine ring, perimidine ring, naphthofuran ring, naphthothiophene ring, benzodifuran ring, benzodithiophene ring, naphthodifuran ring, naphthodithiophene ring, anthrafuran ring, anthradifuran ring, anthrathiophene ring, anthraci Thiophene ring, thianthrene ring, phenoxathiin ring, thiophanthrene ring (naphthothiophene ring), dibenzofuran ring in which one or more constituent carbon atoms are replaced by nitrogen atoms, one or more constituent carbon atoms A group derived from a dibenzothiophene ring substituted with a nitrogen atom), a heterocyclic group (eg, pyrrolidyl group, imidazolidyl group, morpholyl group, oxazolidyl group, etc.), an alkoxy group (eg, methoxy group, ethoxy group, propyloxy group) , Pentyloxy group, hexyloxy group, octyloxy group, dodecyloxy group, etc.), cycloalkoxy group (eg, cyclopentyloxy group, cyclohexyloxy group, etc.), aryloxy group (eg, phenoxy group, naphthyloxy group, etc.), Alkylthio groups (for example, methylthio group, ethylthio group, propylthio group, pentylthio group, hexylthio group, octylthio group, dodecylthio group, etc.), cycloalkylthio groups (for example, cyclopentylthio group, cyclohexylthio group, etc.), arylthio groups (for example, Phenylthio group, naphthylthio group, etc.), alkoxycarbonyl group (eg, methyloxycarbonyl group, ethyloxycarbonyl group, butyloxycarbonyl group, octyloxycarbonyl group, dodecyloxycarbonyl group, etc.), aryloxycarbonyl group (eg, Phenyloxycarbonyl group, naphthyloxycarbonyl group, etc.), sulfamoyl group (for example, aminosulfonyl group, methylaminosulfonyl group, dimethylaminosulfonyl group, butylaminosulfonyl group, hexylaminosulfonyl group, cyclohexylaminosulfonyl group, octylaminosulfonyl group) , Dodecylaminosulfonyl group, phenylaminosulfonyl group, naphthylaminosulfonyl group, 2-pyridylaminosulfonyl group, etc.), acyl group (for example, acetyl) Group, ethylcarbonyl group, propylcarbonyl group, pentylcarbonyl group, cyclohexylcarbonyl group, octylcarbonyl group, 2-ethylhexylcarbonyl group, dodecylcarbonyl group, phenylcarbonyl group, naphthylcarbonyl group, pyridylcarbonyl group, etc.), acyloxy group (for example, , Acetyloxy group, ethylcarbonyloxy group, butylcarbonyloxy group, octylcarbonyloxy group, dodecylcarbonyloxy group, phenylcarbonyloxy group, etc.), amide group (for example, methylcarbonylamino group, ethylcarbonylamino group, dimethylcarbonylamino) Group, propylcarbonylamino group, pentylcarbonylamino group, cyclohexylcarbonylamino group, 2-ethylhexylcarbonylamino group, octylcarbo Ruamino group, dodecylcarbonylamino group, phenylcarbonylamino group, naphthylcarbonylamino group, etc.), carbamoyl group (for example, aminocarbonyl group, methylaminocarbonyl group, dimethylaminocarbonyl group, propylaminocarbonyl group, pentylaminocarbonyl group, cyclohexyl). Aminocarbonyl group, octylaminocarbonyl group, 2-ethylhexylaminocarbonyl group, dodecylaminocarbonyl group, phenylaminocarbonyl group, naphthylaminocarbonyl group, 2-pyridylaminocarbonyl group, etc.), ureido group (for example, methylureido group, ethylureido) Group, pentylureido group, cyclohexylureido group, octylureido group, dodecylureido group, phenylureido group naphthylureido group, 2-pyridyl Aminoureido groups, etc.), sulfinyl groups (for example, methylsulfinyl group, ethylsulfinyl group, butylsulfinyl group, cyclohexylsulfinyl group, 2-ethylhexylsulfinyl group, dodecylsulfinyl group, phenylsulfinyl group, naphthylsulfinyl group, 2-pyridylsulfinyl group) Etc.), alkylsulfonyl groups (for example, methylsulfonyl group, ethylsulfonyl group, butylsulfonyl group, cyclohexylsulfonyl group, 2-ethylhexylsulfonyl group, dodecylsulfonyl group, etc.), arylsulfonyl groups or heteroarylsulfonyl groups (for example, phenylsulfonyl) Group, naphthylsulfonyl group, 2-pyridylsulfonyl group, etc.), amino group (for example, amino group, ethylamino group, dimethylamino group, butylamino) , Cyclopentylamino group, phenylamino group, naphthylamino group, pyridylamino group, diphenylamino group, phenyl-pyridylamino group, diimidazolylamino group, etc.), halogen atom (eg fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom etc.), fluoride Hydrocarbon group (for example, fluoromethyl group, trifluoromethyl group, pentafluoroethyl group, pentafluorophenyl group, etc.), cyano group, nitro group, hydroxy group, mercapto group, silyl group (for example, trimethylsilyl group, triisopropylsilyl group) Group, triphenylsilyl group, phenyldiethylsilyl group, etc.), phosphono group, polymerizable substituent (vinyl group, vinyl ether group, acryloyl group, methacryloyl group, styryl group, epoxy group, etc.).

  In addition, these substituents may be further substituted with the above substituents, and a plurality of these substituents may be bonded to each other to form a ring.

  Examples of a preferable structure represented by the general formula (2) include, but are not limited to, the following structures.

  Y is synonymous with Y in the general formula (2).

In the general formula (2), the following structure is exemplified for the connection with Ar ₂ .

Y and _X 1 to X ₈ have the same meanings as Y and _X 1 to X ₈ in the general formula (2). * Represents a linking site with Ar ₂ .

  Of the general formulas (2-1) to (2-4), the general formulas (2-1) and (2-2) are more preferable.

  Furthermore, the general formula (2) is preferably represented by the general formulas (2-a) to (2-d).

  The general formulas (2-a) to (2-d) are more preferably represented by the following general formula.

Y has the same meaning as Y in the general formula (2), and * represents a connecting site with Ar ₁ or Ar ₂ .

  The compound represented by the general formula (1) preferably has a molecular weight of 400 to 2000, more preferably 500 to 1500.

  Hereinafter, although the specific example of a compound represented by General formula (1) based on this invention is shown, this invention is not limited to these.

  The compound represented by the general formula (1) according to the present invention is disclosed in International Publication No. 07/111176 pamphlet, Chem. Mater. It can be synthesized by referring to known methods described in 2008, 20, 5951, Experimental Chemistry Course 5th Edition (Edited by Chemical Society of Japan).

  Below, the synthesis example of a typical compound is shown.

Step 1: (Synthesis of Intermediate 1)
Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 2-bromo-3-hydroxypyridine (0.5 mol), 2-fluorophenylboronic acid (0.5 mol), potassium carbonate (1.2 mol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0 ) (0.025 mol) was added dehydrated THF (1 L) and water (100 ml), and the mixture was heated to reflux for 8 hours.

  After cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, the insoluble matter is filtered, ethyl acetate is added, washed with distilled water, the extracted organic layer is evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography. Intermediate 1 was obtained. The yield was 62%.

  The structure of the obtained intermediate 1 was confirmed by a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum and a mass spectrum.

Step 2: (Synthesis of Intermediate 2)
Under a nitrogen atmosphere, DMSO (300 ml) was added to intermediate 1 (0.3 mol) and potassium carbonate (0.3 mol), and the mixture was stirred at 150 to 170 ° C. for 3 hours.

  After cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, the insoluble matter is filtered, ethyl acetate is added, washed with distilled water, the extracted organic layer is evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography. Intermediate 2 was obtained. The yield was 74%.

  The structure of the obtained intermediate 2 was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum and mass spectrum.

Step 3: (Synthesis of Intermediate 3)
Under a nitrogen atmosphere, sulfuric acid (35 ml), distilled water (100 ml) and silver sulfate (65 g) were added to intermediate 2 (0.2 mol) and bromine (0.3 mol), and the mixture was heated to reflux for 5 hours.

  After cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, the insoluble matter is filtered, ethyl acetate is added, washed with distilled water, the extracted organic layer is evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography. Intermediate 3 was obtained. The yield was 33%.

  The structure of the obtained intermediate 3 was confirmed by a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum and a mass spectrum.

Step 4: (Synthesis of Exemplary Compound 213)
Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediate 3 (0.05 mol), intermediate 4 (0.06 mol), potassium carbonate (0.075 mol), [1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene] palladium (II ) Dichloride To the dichloromethane adduct (0.003 mol) was added DMSO (400 ml), and the mixture was stirred at 100 to 120 ° C. for 5 hours.

  After cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, the insoluble matter is filtered, ethyl acetate is added, washed with distilled water, the extracted organic layer is evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography. Example compound 213 was obtained. The yield was 58%.

  The structure of the obtained exemplary compound 213 was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum and mass spectrum.

<< Method for Manufacturing Organic EL Element >>
As an example of a method for producing an organic EL device, a device comprising an anode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / cathode buffer layer (electron injection layer) / cathode Will be described.

  First, a desired electrode material, for example, a thin film made of a material for an anode is formed on a suitable substrate so as to have a thickness of 1 μm or less, preferably 10 nm to 200 nm, thereby producing an anode.

  Next, a thin film containing an organic compound such as a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, or a cathode buffer layer, which is an element material, is formed thereon.

  Here, as the wet method, there are a spin coating method, a casting method, a die coating method, a blade coating method, a roll coating method, an ink jet method, a printing method, a spray coating method, a curtain coating method, an LB method, etc., but a precise thin film From the viewpoint of high productivity, a method with high roll-to-roll method suitability such as a die coating method, a roll coating method, an ink jet method, and a spray coating method is preferable. Different film forming methods may be applied for each layer.

  After the formation of these layers, a thin film made of a cathode material is formed thereon so as to have a thickness of 1 μm or less, preferably in the range of 50 to 200 nm, and a desired organic EL device can be obtained by providing a cathode. .

  Further, the order can be reversed, and the cathode, cathode buffer layer, electron transport layer, hole blocking layer, light emitting layer, hole transport layer, hole injection layer, and anode can be formed in this order.

  When a DC voltage is applied to the multicolor display device thus obtained, light emission can be observed by applying a voltage of about 2 V to 40 V with the anode as + and the cathode as-. An alternating voltage may be applied. The alternating current waveform to be applied may be arbitrary.

  The organic EL device of the present invention is preferably produced from the hole injection layer to the cathode consistently by a single evacuation, but may be taken out halfway and subjected to different film forming methods. At that time, it is necessary to consider that the work is performed in a dry inert gas atmosphere.

<< Constituent layers of organic EL elements >>
The constituent layers of the organic EL element of the present invention will be described. In this invention, although the preferable specific example of the layer structure of an organic EL element is shown below, this invention is not limited to these.

(I) Anode / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / cathode (ii) Anode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / cathode (iii) Anode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer / electron Transport layer / cathode (iv) Anode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / cathode buffer layer / cathode (v) Anode / anode buffer layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole Blocking layer / electron transport layer / cathode buffer layer / cathode (vi) anode // hole transport layer / anode buffer layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / cathode buffer layer / cathode (vii) anode / anode Buffer layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / cathode buffer layer / cathode The light emitting layer may form a unit to form a light emitting layer unit.

  Further, a non-light emitting intermediate layer may be provided between the light emitting layers, and the intermediate layer may include a charge generation layer. The organic EL element of the present invention is preferably a white light emitting layer, and is preferably a lighting device using these.

  Each layer which comprises the organic EL element of this invention is demonstrated.

<Light emitting layer>
The light emitting layer according to the present invention is a layer that emits light by recombination of electrons and holes injected from the electrode, the electron transport layer, or the hole transport layer, and the light emitting portion is not a layer of the light emitting layer. May be the interface between the light emitting layer and the adjacent layer.

  The thickness of the light emitting layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of the uniformity of the film to be formed, the application of unnecessary high voltage during light emission, and the improvement of the stability of the emission color with respect to the drive current. It is preferable to adjust to the range of 2 nm-200 nm, More preferably, it adjusts to the range of 5 nm-100 nm.

  The light emitting layer of the organic EL device of the present invention preferably contains at least one kind of a host compound (also called a light emitting host) and a light emitting dopant as a guest material, and contains a host compound and three or more kinds of light emitting dopants. More preferably. A host compound and a light emitting dopant (also referred to as a light emitting dopant compound) contained in the light emitting layer will be described below.

(Host compound and luminescent dopant)
(Host compound)
The host compound according to the present invention will be described.

  Here, the host compound in the present invention is a phosphorescent quantum yield of phosphorescence emission at a room temperature (25 ° C.) having a mass ratio of 20% or more in the compound contained in the light emitting layer. Is defined as a compound of less than 0.1. The phosphorescence quantum yield is preferably less than 0.01. Moreover, it is preferable that the mass ratio in the layer is 20% or more among the compounds contained in a light emitting layer.

  As the host compound, known host compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. By using a plurality of types of host compounds, it is possible to adjust the movement of charges, and the organic EL element can be made highly efficient. Moreover, it becomes possible to mix different light emission by using multiple types of light emission dopants mentioned later, and, thereby, arbitrary luminescent colors can be obtained.

  The light emitting host used in the present invention may be a conventionally known low molecular compound or a high molecular compound having a repeating unit, and a low molecular compound having a polymerizable group such as a vinyl group or an epoxy group (deposition polymerization property). Light emitting host).

  The compound represented by the general formula (1) according to the present invention is preferably used as the host compound according to the present invention.

When the compound represented by the general formula (1) according to the present invention is used as a host compound, the 6-membered aromatic ring represented by Ar ₂ is preferably a group derived from a benzene ring.

  As the known host compound that may be used in combination, a compound that has a hole transporting ability and an electron transporting ability, prevents the emission of light from becoming longer, and has a high Tg (glass transition temperature) is preferable.

  Specific examples of known host compounds include compounds described in the following documents.

  JP-A-2001-257076, 2002-308855, 2001-313179, 2002-319491, 2001-357777, 2002-334786, 2002-8860, 2002-334787, 2002-15871, 2002-334788, 2002-43056, 2002-334789, 2002-75645, 2002-338579, 2002-105445 gazette, 2002-343568 gazette, 2002-141173 gazette, 2002-352957 gazette, 2002-203683 gazette, 2002-363227 gazette, 2002-231453 gazette, No. 003-3165, No. 2002-234888, No. 2003-27048, No. 2002-255934, No. 2002-286061, No. 2002-280183, No. 2002-299060, No. 2002. -302516, 2002-305083, 2002-305084, 2002-308837, and the like.

  Hereinafter, although the specific example of the conventionally well-known compound used as a host compound of the light emitting layer of the organic EL element of this invention is given, this invention is not limited to these.

(Luminescent dopant)
The light emitting dopant according to the present invention will be described.

  As the light-emitting dopant, a fluorescent light-emitting dopant (also referred to as a fluorescent compound) or a phosphorescent light-emitting dopant (also referred to as a phosphorescent light emitter, a phosphorescent compound, a phosphorescent dopant, or the like) can be used.

(Fluorescent dopant)
As fluorescent dopants, coumarin dyes, pyran dyes, cyanine dyes, croconium dyes, squalium dyes, oxobenzanthracene dyes, fluorescein dyes, rhodamine dyes, pyrylium dyes, perylene dyes, stilbene dyes , Polythiophene dyes, rare earth complex phosphors, and the like, and compounds having a high fluorescence quantum yield such as laser dyes.

(Phosphorescent dopant)
The phosphorescent dopant according to the present invention will be described.

  The phosphorescent dopant according to the present invention is a compound in which light emission from an excited triplet is observed. Specifically, it is a compound that emits phosphorescence at room temperature (25 ° C.) and has a phosphorescence quantum yield. The phosphorescence quantum yield is preferably 0.1 or more, although it is defined as a compound of 0.01 or more at 25 ° C.

  The phosphorescence quantum yield can be measured by the method described in Spectroscopic II, page 398 (1992 edition, Maruzen) of Experimental Chemistry Course 4 of the 4th edition. Although the phosphorescence quantum yield in a solution can be measured using various solvents, the phosphorescence emitting dopant according to the present invention achieves the above phosphorescence quantum yield (0.01 or more) in any solvent. It only has to be done.

  There are two types of light emission of phosphorescent dopants in principle. One is the recombination of carriers on the host compound to which carriers are transported to generate an excited state of the host compound, and this energy is used as the phosphorescent dopant. The energy transfer type that obtains light emission from the phosphorescent dopant by moving to the phosphor, and the other is that the phosphorescent dopant becomes a carrier trap, and carrier recombination occurs on the phosphorescent dopant to cause phosphorescence emission. In any case, the excited state energy of the phosphorescent dopant is lower than the excited state energy of the host compound.

  The phosphorescent dopant can be appropriately selected from known materials used for the light emitting layer of the organic EL device.

  The phosphorescent dopant according to the present invention is preferably a complex compound containing a group 8-10 metal in the periodic table of elements, more preferably an iridium compound, an osmium compound, or a platinum compound (platinum complex system). Compound) and rare earth complexes, and most preferred is an iridium compound.

  As the phosphorescent dopant according to the present invention, a compound represented by the general formula (D) is preferably used.

  In the general formula (D), the aromatic hydrocarbon ring that A1 forms with P—C includes a benzene ring, a biphenyl ring, a naphthalene ring, an azulene ring, an anthracene ring, a phenanthrene ring, a pyrene ring, a chrysene ring, a naphthacene ring, Triphenylene ring, o-terphenyl ring, m-terphenyl ring, p-terphenyl ring, acenaphthene ring, coronene ring, fluorene ring, fluoranthrene ring, naphthacene ring, pentacene ring, perylene ring, pentaphen ring, picene ring, Examples include a pyrene ring, a pyrantolen ring, and anthraanthrene ring.

These rings may further have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include the substituent represented by R ₁ in the general formula (2).

In the general formula (D), the aromatic heterocycle formed by A ₁ together with P—C includes a furan ring, a thiophene ring, an oxazole ring, a pyrrole ring, a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazine ring, and a triazine ring. , Benzimidazole ring, oxadiazole ring, triazole ring, imidazole ring, pyrazole ring, thiazole ring, indole ring, benzimidazole ring, benzothiazole ring, benzoxazole ring, quinoxaline ring, quinazoline ring, phthalazine ring, carbazole ring, aza Examples thereof include a carbazole ring (here, an azacarbazole ring represents one or more carbon atoms constituting the carbazole ring replaced by a nitrogen atom), a dibenzofuran ring, a dibenzothiophene ring, and the like.

These rings may further have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include the substituent represented by R ₁ in the general formula (2).

In the general formula (D), examples of the aromatic heterocycle formed by A ₂ together with QN include an oxazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, an oxatriazole ring, an isoxazole ring, a tetrazole ring, a thiadiazole ring, a thiatriazole ring, Examples include isothiazole ring, pyrrole ring, pyridine ring, pyridazine ring, pyrimidine ring, pyrazine ring, triazine ring, imidazole ring, pyrazole ring, and triazole ring. Preferably an aromatic heterocyclic ring A ₂ form together with Q-N is a 5-membered ring.

These rings may further have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include the substituent represented by R ₁ in the general formula (2).

In the general formula (D), specific examples of the bidentate ligand represented by P ₁ -L ₁ -P ₂ include phenylpyridine, phenylpyrazole, phenylimidazole, phenyltriazole, phenyltetrazole, pyrazabol, acetylacetone, Examples include picolinic acid.

  In the general formula (D), j1 represents an integer of 1 to 3, j2 represents an integer of 0 to 2, j1 + j2 represents 2 or 3, and j2 is preferably 0.

In the general formula (D), M ₁ is a transition metal element of Group 8 to Group 10 (also simply referred to as a transition metal) in the periodic table, and is preferably iridium.

  Among the compounds represented by the general formula (D) according to the present invention, the compound represented by the general formula (D-1) is preferable.

  In the general formula (D-1), examples of the hydrocarbon ring group represented by Z include a non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring group and an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group, and examples of the non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring group include cyclo A propyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, etc. are mentioned.

  As the aromatic hydrocarbon ring group (also referred to as aromatic hydrocarbon group, aryl group, etc.), for example, phenyl group, p-chlorophenyl group, mesityl group, tolyl group, xylyl group, naphthyl group, anthryl group, azulenyl group, Examples include acenaphthenyl group, fluorenyl group, phenanthryl group, indenyl group, pyrenyl group, biphenylyl group and the like.

These groups may further have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include the substituent represented by R ₁ in the general formula (2).

  In the general formula (D-1), examples of the heterocyclic group represented by Z include a non-aromatic heterocyclic group and an aromatic heterocyclic group. Examples of the non-aromatic heterocyclic group include an epoxy ring. Aziridine ring, thiirane ring, oxetane ring, azetidine ring, thietane ring, tetrahydrofuran ring, dioxolane ring, pyrrolidine ring, pyrazolidine ring, imidazolidine ring, oxazolidine ring, tetrahydrothiophene ring, sulfolane ring, thiazolidine ring, ε-caprolactone ring, ε-caprolactam ring, piperidine ring, hexahydropyridazine ring, hexahydropyrimidine ring, piperazine ring, morpholine ring, tetrahydropyran ring, 1,3-dioxane ring, 1,4-dioxane ring, trioxane ring, tetrahydrothiopyran ring, Thiomorpholine ring, thiomorpholine-1,1-dioxy And groups derived from a side ring, a pyranose ring, a diazabicyclo [2,2,2] -octane ring, and the like.

  Examples of the aromatic heterocyclic group include pyridyl group, pyrimidinyl group, furyl group, pyrrolyl group, imidazolyl group, benzoimidazolyl group, pyrazolyl group, pyrazinyl group, triazolyl group (for example, 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl). Group, 1,2,3-triazol-1-yl group, etc.), oxazolyl group, benzoxazolyl group, thiazolyl group, isoxazolyl group, isothiazolyl group, furazanyl group, thienyl group, quinolyl group, benzofuryl group, dibenzofuryl group , Benzothienyl group, dibenzothienyl group, indolyl group, carbazolyl group, azacarbazolyl group (here, azacarbazolyl group is a group in which one or more carbon atoms constituting the carbazolyl group are replaced by nitrogen atoms). Quinoxalinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl , Quinazolinyl group, phthalazinyl group, and the like.

These groups represented by Z may further have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include the substituent represented by R ₁ in the general formula (2).

  Preferably, the group represented by Z is an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or an aromatic heterocyclic group.

_Examples of the substituent represented by R ₀₁ and R ₀₂ include the substituent represented by R ₁ in the general formula (2).

  As one of the preferable aspects of the compound represented by general formula (D-1), the compound represented by general formula (D-2) is mentioned.

Examples of the hydrocarbon ring group and heterocyclic group represented by Z ₂ include the groups listed as the hydrocarbon ring group or heterocyclic group represented by Z in General Formula (D-1). These groups may further have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include the above-described substituent represented by R ₁ in the general formula (2).

Preferably, Z ₂ represents an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or an aromatic heterocyclic group, and the aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or aromatic heterocyclic group represented by Z ₂ is Ar ₁ in the general formula (1). And groups exemplified as the group represented by Ar ₃ .

As the 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring formed by Z ₁ together with C—C, a benzene ring is preferable. These rings may further have a substituent.

Examples of the 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocycle formed by Z ₁ together with C—C include, for example, an oxazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, an oxatriazole ring, an isoxazole ring, a tetrazole ring, a thiadiazole ring, a thiatriazole ring, Examples include isothiazole ring, thiophene ring, furan ring, pyrrole ring, pyridine ring, pyridazine ring, pyrimidine ring, pyrazine ring, triazine ring, imidazole ring, pyrazole ring, and triazole ring. These rings may further have a substituent, and the substituents may be bonded to each other to form a ring.

Further, the hydrocarbon ring group or heterocyclic group represented by Z ₂ and the ring formed by Z ₁ together with C—C may be bonded to each other directly or indirectly through a substituent.

Examples of the substituent represented by R ₀₃ and R ₀₄ include the substituents exemplified for the substituent represented by R ₁ in the general formula (2), and these may be further substituted with a substituent. .

  The compounds represented by the general formulas (D), (D-1) and (D-2) according to the present invention are those described in Eur. J. et al. Chem. 2005, 1637-1643 or the like, or a halogen compound corresponding to a nitrogen-containing ring compound or an imidazole compound is reacted, or the corresponding amine, glyoxal, and aldehyde described in SYNTHESIS 2003, 17, 2661-2666, or the like It can be synthesized by referring to the reaction of ammonium chloride with ammonium chloride.

  Hereinafter, although the specific example of the phosphorescent dopant which can be preferably used in this invention is shown, this invention is not limited to these.

<< Charge transport layer: electron transport layer, hole transport layer >>
Examples of the charge transport layer according to the present invention include an electron transport layer and a hole transport layer.

  Hereinafter, the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer according to the present invention will be described in detail.

《Electron transport layer》
The electron transport layer is made of a material having a function of transporting electrons, and in a broad sense, an electron injection layer and a hole blocking layer are also included in the electron transport layer. The electron transport layer can be provided as a single layer or a plurality of layers.

  Examples of conventionally known materials used for the electron transport layer (hereinafter referred to as electron transport materials) include heterocyclic tetracarboxylic acid anhydrides such as nitro-substituted fluorene derivatives, diphenylquinone derivatives, thiopyran dioxide derivatives, naphthalene perylene, And azacarbazole derivatives including carbodiimide, fluorenylidenemethane derivatives, anthraquinodimethane and anthrone derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, carboline derivatives, and the like.

  Conventionally, an electron transport material (also serving as a hole blocking material) used for the electron transport layer only needs to have a function of transmitting electrons injected from the cathode to the light emitting layer. As the electron transport material, any one of conventionally known compounds can be selected and used. For example, nitro-substituted fluorene derivatives, diphenylquinone derivatives, thiopyran dioxide derivatives, carbodiimides, fluorenylidenemethane derivatives, Anthraquinodimethane and anthrone derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, pyridine derivatives, azacarbazole derivatives and the like can be mentioned.

  In the oxadiazole derivative, a thiadiazole derivative in which the oxygen atom of the oxadiazole ring is substituted with a sulfur atom, and a quinoxaline derivative having a quinoxaline ring known as an electron-withdrawing group can also be used as an electron transport material.

  Furthermore, a polymer material in which these materials are introduced into a polymer chain or these materials are used as a polymer main chain can also be used.

  Also, metal complexes of 8-quinolinol derivatives such as tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum (Alq), tris (5,7-dichloro-8-quinolinol) aluminum, tris (5,7-dibromo-8-quinolinol) aluminum, Tris (2-methyl-8-quinolinol) aluminum, tris (5-methyl-8-quinolinol) aluminum, bis (8-quinolinol) zinc (Znq), etc., and the central metals of these metal complexes are In, Mg, Cu , Ca, Sn, Ga, or Pb can also be used as an electron transport material.

  In addition, metal-free or metal phthalocyanine, or those having terminal ends substituted with an alkyl group or a sulfonic acid group can be preferably used as the electron transporting material.

  In addition, the distyrylpyrazine derivative exemplified as the material of the light emitting layer can also be used as an electron transport material, and an inorganic semiconductor such as n-type-Si, n-type-SiC, etc. as in the case of the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer. Can also be used as an electron transporting material.

  The electron transport layer can be formed by thinning the electron transport material by a known method such as a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, a printing method including an ink jet method, or an LB method.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the film thickness of an electron carrying layer, Usually, 5 nm-about 5 micrometers, Preferably it is 5 nm-200 nm. The electron transport layer may have a single layer structure composed of one or more of the above materials.

  Alternatively, an electron transport layer with high n property doped with impurities as a guest material can be used. Examples thereof include JP-A-4-297076, JP-A-10-270172, JP-A-2000-196140, 2001-102175, J.A. Appl. Phys. 95, 5773 (2004), and the like.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to use an electron transport layer having such a high n property because an element with lower power consumption can be manufactured.

  Hereinafter, although the specific example of the conventionally well-known compound used for formation of the electron carrying layer of the organic EL element of this invention is given, this invention is not limited to these.

  The compound represented by the general formula (1) according to the present invention is preferably used as the electron transport material according to the present invention.

《Hole transport layer》
The hole transport layer is made of a hole transport material having a function of transporting holes, and in a broad sense, a hole injection layer and an electron blocking layer are also included in the hole transport layer. The hole transport layer can be provided as a single layer or a plurality of layers.

  The hole transport material has any one of hole injection or transport and electron barrier properties, and may be either organic or inorganic. For example, triazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, polyarylalkane derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives and pyrazolone derivatives, phenylenediamine derivatives, arylamine derivatives, amino-substituted chalcone derivatives, oxazole derivatives, styrylanthracene derivatives, fluorenone derivatives, hydrazone derivatives, Examples thereof include stilbene derivatives, silazane derivatives, aniline copolymers, and conductive polymer oligomers, particularly thiophene oligomers.

  The above-mentioned materials can be used as the hole transport material, but it is preferable to use a porphyrin compound, an aromatic tertiary amine compound and a styrylamine compound, particularly an aromatic tertiary amine compound.

  Representative examples of aromatic tertiary amine compounds and styrylamine compounds include N, N, N ', N'-tetraphenyl-4,4'-diaminophenyl; N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'- Bis (3-methylphenyl)-[1,1′-biphenyl] -4,4′-diamine (TPD); 2,2-bis (4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl) propane; 1,1-bis (4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl) cyclohexane; N, N, N ′, N′-tetra-p-tolyl-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl; 1,1-bis (4-di-p-tolyl) Aminophenyl) -4-phenylcyclohexane; bis (4-dimethylamino-2-methylphenyl) phenylmethane; bis (4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl) phenylmethane; N, N'-diphenyl-N, N ' − (4-methoxyphenyl) -4,4'-diaminobiphenyl; N, N, N ', N'-tetraphenyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether; 4,4'-bis (diphenylamino) quadriphenyl; N, N, N-tri (p-tolyl) amine; 4- (di-p-tolylamino) -4 '-[4- (di-p-tolylamino) styryl] stilbene; 4-N, N-diphenylamino- (2-diphenylvinyl) benzene; 3-methoxy-4′-N, N-diphenylaminostilbenzene; N-phenylcarbazole, and also two of those described in US Pat. No. 5,061,569. Having a condensed aromatic ring in the molecule, for example, 4,4'-bis [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl (NPD), JP-A-4-3086 4,4 ', 4 "-tris [N- (3-methylphenyl) -N-phenylamino] triphenylamine in which three triphenylamine units described in Japanese Patent No. 8 are linked in a starburst type ( MTDATA) and the like.

  Furthermore, a polymer material in which these materials are introduced into a polymer chain or these materials are used as a polymer main chain can also be used. In addition, inorganic compounds such as p-type-Si and p-type-SiC can also be used as the hole injection material and the hole transport material.

  JP-A-11-251067, J. Org. Huang et. al. A so-called p-type hole transport material as described in a book (Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), p. 139) can also be used. In the present invention, these materials are preferably used because a light-emitting element with higher efficiency can be obtained.

  The hole transport layer can be formed by thinning the hole transport material by a known method such as a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, a printing method including an ink jet method, or an LB method. it can. About the film thickness of a positive hole transport layer, it is preferable that it is the range of 5 nm-5 micrometers, More preferably, it is 5 nm-200 nm. The hole transport layer may have a single layer structure composed of one or more of the above materials.

  Alternatively, a hole transport layer having a high p property doped with impurities can be used. Examples thereof include JP-A-4-297076, JP-A-2000-196140, 2001-102175, J. Pat. Appl. Phys. 95, 5773 (2004), and the like.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to use a hole transport layer having such a high p property because a device with lower power consumption can be produced.

  Hereinafter, although the specific example of the conventionally well-known compound used for formation of the positive hole transport layer of the organic EL element of this invention is given, this invention is not limited to these.

<Blocking layer: hole blocking layer, electron blocking layer>
The blocking layer is provided as necessary in addition to the basic constituent layer of the organic compound thin film as described above. For example, it is described in JP-A Nos. 11-204258, 11-204359, and “Organic EL elements and their forefront of industrialization” (issued by NTT, Inc. on November 30, 1998). There is a hole blocking (hole blocking) layer.

  The hole blocking layer has a function of an electron transport layer in a broad sense, and is made of a hole blocking material having a function of transporting electrons and a very small ability to transport holes. By blocking the holes, the probability of recombination of electrons and holes can be improved.

  Moreover, the structure of the above-mentioned electron carrying layer can be used as a hole-blocking layer concerning this invention as needed.

  The hole blocking layer of the organic EL device according to the present invention is preferably provided adjacent to the light emitting layer.

  The hole blocking layer preferably contains the carbazole derivative, azacarbazole derivative, pyridine derivative, or the like mentioned as the host compound.

  In the present invention, when a plurality of light emitting layers having different light emission colors are provided, the light emitting layer having the shortest wavelength of light emission is preferably closest to the anode among all the light emitting layers. In this case, it is preferable to additionally provide a hole blocking layer between the shortest wave layer and the light emitting layer next to the anode next to the anode.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that 50% by mass or more of the compound contained in the hole blocking layer provided at the position has an ionization potential of 0.3 eV or more larger than the host compound of the shortest wave emitting layer.

  The ionization potential is defined by the energy required to emit an electron at the HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) level of the compound to the vacuum level, and can be obtained by the following method, for example.

  (1) Using Gaussian 98 (Gaussian 98, Revision A.11.4, MJ Frisch, et al, Gaussian, Inc., Pittsburgh PA, 2002.), a molecular orbital calculation software manufactured by Gaussian, USA The ionization potential can be obtained as a value obtained by rounding off the second decimal place of the value (eV unit converted value) calculated by performing structural optimization using B3LYP / 6-31G *. This calculation value is effective because the correlation between the calculation value obtained by this method and the experimental value is high.

  (2) The ionization potential can also be obtained by a method of directly measuring by photoelectron spectroscopy. For example, a method known as ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy can be suitably used by using a low energy electron spectrometer “Model AC-1” manufactured by Riken Keiki Co., Ltd.

  On the other hand, the electron blocking layer has a function of a hole transport layer in a broad sense, and is made of a material that has a function of transporting holes and has an extremely small ability to transport electrons, and transports electrons while transporting holes. By blocking, the recombination probability of electrons and holes can be improved. Moreover, the structure of the positive hole transport layer mentioned later can be used as an electron blocking layer as needed. The film thickness of the hole blocking layer and the electron transport layer according to the present invention is preferably 3 nm to 100 nm, and more preferably 5 nm to 30 nm.

<< Charge injection layer: electron injection layer, hole injection layer >>
The charge injection layer according to the present invention is provided as necessary, and includes an electron injection layer and a hole injection layer, and as described above, between the anode and the light emitting layer or the hole transport layer, and the cathode and the light emitting layer or the electron transport layer. It may be present between.

  An injection layer is a layer provided between an electrode and an organic layer in order to reduce drive voltage and improve light emission luminance. “Organic EL element and its forefront of industrialization (issued by NTT Corporation on November 30, 1998) 2), Chapter 2, “Electrode Materials” (pages 123 to 166) in detail, and includes a hole injection layer (anode buffer layer) and an electron injection layer (cathode buffer layer).

  The details of the anode buffer layer (hole injection layer) are described in JP-A-9-45479, JP-A-9-260062, JP-A-8-288069 and the like. As a specific example, copper phthalocyanine is used. Examples thereof include a phthalocyanine buffer layer represented by an oxide, an oxide buffer layer represented by vanadium oxide, an amorphous carbon buffer layer, and a polymer buffer layer using a conductive polymer such as polyaniline (emeraldine) or polythiophene.

  The details of the cathode buffer layer (electron injection layer) are described in JP-A-6-325871, JP-A-9-17574, JP-A-10-74586, and the like. Specifically, strontium, aluminum, etc. Metal buffer layer typified by lithium, alkali metal compound buffer layer typified by lithium fluoride, alkaline earth metal compound buffer layer typified by magnesium fluoride, oxide buffer layer typified by aluminum oxide, etc. . The buffer layer (injection layer) is preferably a very thin film, and the film thickness is preferably in the range of 0.1 nm to 5 μm although it depends on the material.

  In addition, the materials used for the anode buffer layer and the cathode buffer layer can be used in combination with other materials. For example, the materials can be mixed in the hole transport layer or the electron transport layer.

"anode"
As the anode in the organic EL element, an electrode material made of a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a mixture thereof having a high work function (4 eV or more) is preferably used. Specific examples of such electrode materials include metals such as Au, and conductive transparent materials such as CuI, indium tin oxide (ITO), SnO ₂ , and ZnO. Alternatively, an amorphous material such as IDIXO (In ₂ O ₃ —ZnO) capable of forming a transparent conductive film may be used.

  For the anode, these electrode materials may be formed into a thin film by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering, and a pattern having a desired shape may be formed by a photolithography method, or when pattern accuracy is not so high (about 100 μm or more) A pattern may be formed through a mask having a desired shape at the time of vapor deposition or sputtering of the electrode material.

  Or when using the substance which can be apply | coated like an organic electroconductivity compound, wet film-forming methods, such as a printing system and a coating system, can also be used. When light emission is extracted from the anode, it is desirable that the transmittance be greater than 10%, and the sheet resistance as the anode is preferably several hundred Ω / □ or less.

  Further, although the film thickness depends on the material, the range of 10 nm to 1000 nm is preferable, and the range of 10 nm to 200 nm is more preferable.

"cathode"
As the cathode, a material having a work function (4 eV or less) metal (referred to as an electron injecting metal), an alloy, an electrically conductive compound and a mixture thereof as an electrode material is used.

Specific examples of such electrode materials include sodium, sodium-potassium alloy, magnesium, lithium, magnesium / copper mixture, magnesium / silver mixture, magnesium / aluminum mixture, magnesium / indium mixture, aluminum / aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) Mixtures, indium, lithium / aluminum mixtures, rare earth metals and the like.

Among these, from the point of durability against electron injection and oxidation, etc., a mixture of an electron injecting metal and a second metal which is a stable metal having a larger work function than this, for example, a magnesium / silver mixture, Magnesium / aluminum mixtures, magnesium / indium mixtures, aluminum / aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) mixtures, lithium / aluminum mixtures, aluminum and the like are preferred.

  In the present invention, these electrode substances (also referred to as conductive materials) are used as a conductive paste to form a thin film by a wet method to produce a cathode.

  The sheet resistance as the cathode is preferably several hundred Ω / □ or less, and the film thickness is preferably in the range of 10 nm to 5 μm, more preferably in the range of 50 nm to 200 nm.

  In order to transmit the emitted light, if either one of the anode or the cathode of the organic EL element is transparent or translucent, the light emission luminance is improved, which is convenient.

  Moreover, after producing the said metal by the film thickness of 1 nm-20 nm to a cathode, the transparent or semi-transparent cathode can be produced by producing the electroconductive transparent material quoted by description of the anode on it, By applying this, an element in which both the anode and the cathode are transmissive can be manufactured.

"substrate"
As a substrate (hereinafter also referred to as a base, a base material, a support substrate, a support, etc.) that can be used in the organic EL device according to the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the type of glass, plastic, etc., and it is transparent. Or opaque. When extracting light from the substrate side, the substrate is preferably transparent. Examples of the transparent substrate preferably used include glass, quartz, and a transparent resin film. A particularly preferable substrate is a resin film capable of giving flexibility to the organic EL element.

  Examples of the resin film include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene, polypropylene, cellophane, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate (CAP), Cellulose esters such as cellulose acetate phthalate (TAC) and cellulose nitrate or derivatives thereof, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene vinyl alcohol, syndiotactic polystyrene, polycarbonate, norbornene resin, polymethylpentene, polyether ketone, polyimide , Polyethersulfone (PES), polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfones Cycloolefin resins such as polyetherimide, polyetherketoneimide, polyamide, fluororesin, nylon, polymethylmethacrylate, acrylic or polyarylate, Arton (trade name, manufactured by JSR) or Appel (trade name, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals) Can be mentioned.

On the surface of the resin film, an inorganic film, an organic film, or a hybrid film of both may be formed. Water vapor permeability measured by a method in accordance with JIS K 7129-1992 (25 ± 0.5 ° C., It is preferably a barrier film having a relative humidity (90 ± 2)% RH) of 0.01 g / (m ² · 24 h) or less, and further, oxygen permeation measured by a method according to JIS K 7126-1987. The film is preferably a high barrier film having a degree of 10 ⁻³ ml / (m ² · 24 h · MPa) or less and a water vapor permeability of 10 ⁻⁵ g / (m ² · 24 h) or less.

  As a material for forming the barrier film, any material may be used as long as it has a function of suppressing entry of elements that cause deterioration of elements such as moisture and oxygen. For example, silicon oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, or the like can be used. Further, in order to improve the brittleness of the film, it is more preferable to have a laminated structure of these inorganic layers and organic material layers. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the lamination | stacking order of an inorganic layer and an organic layer, It is preferable to laminate | stack both alternately several times.

  The method for forming the barrier film is not particularly limited. For example, the vacuum deposition method, the sputtering method, the reactive sputtering method, the molecular beam epitaxy method, the cluster ion beam method, the ion plating method, the plasma polymerization method, the atmospheric pressure plasma weighting. A combination method, a plasma CVD method, a laser CVD method, a thermal CVD method, a coating method, and the like can be used. However, an atmospheric pressure plasma polymerization method as described in JP-A-2004-68143 is particularly preferable.

  Examples of the opaque substrate include a metal plate such as aluminum and stainless steel, a film, an opaque resin substrate, a ceramic substrate, and the like.

  The external extraction efficiency at room temperature of light emission of the organic EL device according to the present invention is preferably 1% or more, more preferably 5% or more.

  Here, the external extraction quantum efficiency (%) = the number of photons emitted to the outside of the organic EL element / the number of electrons sent to the organic EL element × 100.

  In addition, a hue improvement filter such as a color filter may be used in combination, or a color conversion filter that converts the emission color from the organic EL element into multiple colors using a phosphor. In the case of using a color conversion filter, the λmax of light emission of the organic EL element is preferably 480 nm or less.

<Sealing>
As a sealing means of the organic EL element used for this invention, the method of adhere | attaching a sealing member, an electrode, and a support substrate with an adhesive agent can be mentioned, for example.

  As a sealing member, it should just be arrange | positioned so that the display area | region of an organic EL element may be covered, and concave plate shape or flat plate shape may be sufficient. Further, transparency and electrical insulation are not particularly limited.

  Specific examples include a glass plate, a polymer plate / film, and a metal plate / film. Examples of the glass plate include soda-lime glass, barium / strontium-containing glass, lead glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, barium borosilicate glass, and quartz. Examples of the polymer plate include polycarbonate, acrylic, polyethylene terephthalate, polyether sulfide, and polysulfone. Examples of the metal plate include those made of one or more metals or alloys selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, iron, copper, aluminum, magnesium, nickel, zinc, chromium, titanium, molybdenum, silicon, germanium, and tantalum.

  In the present invention, a polymer film and a metal film can be preferably used because the organic EL element can be thinned.

Furthermore, the polymer film has an oxygen permeability measured by a method according to JIS K 7126-1987 of 1 × 10 ⁻³ ml / (m ² / 24h) or less, and is measured by a method according to JIS K 7129-1992. is water vapor transmission rate (25 ± 0.5 ° C., relative humidity (90 ± 2)% RH) is preferably that of ^{1 × 10 -3 ml / (m} 2 / 24h) or less.

  For processing the sealing member into a concave shape, sandblasting, chemical etching, or the like is used.

  Specific examples of the adhesive include photocuring and thermosetting adhesives having reactive vinyl groups such as acrylic acid oligomers and methacrylic acid oligomers, and moisture curing adhesives such as 2-cyanoacrylates. be able to. Moreover, heat | fever and chemical curing types (two-component mixing), such as an epoxy type, can be mentioned. Moreover, hot-melt type polyamide, polyester, and polyolefin can be mentioned. Moreover, a cationic curing type ultraviolet curing epoxy resin adhesive can be mentioned.

  In addition, since an organic EL element may deteriorate by heat processing, what can be adhesive-hardened from room temperature to 80 degreeC is preferable. A desiccant may be dispersed in the adhesive. Application | coating of the adhesive agent to a sealing part may use commercially available dispenser, and may print like screen printing.

  In addition, it is also possible to suitably form an inorganic or organic layer as a sealing film by covering the electrode and the organic layer on the outer side of the electrode facing the substrate with the organic layer interposed therebetween, and in contact with the substrate. In this case, the material for forming the film may be any material that has a function of suppressing intrusion of elements that cause deterioration of elements such as moisture and oxygen. For example, silicon oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, or the like may be used. it can.

  Further, in order to improve the brittleness of the film, it is preferable to have a laminated structure of these inorganic layers and layers made of organic materials. The method for forming these films is not particularly limited. For example, vacuum deposition, sputtering, reactive sputtering, molecular beam epitaxy, cluster ion beam method, ion plating method, plasma polymerization method, atmospheric pressure plasma A polymerization method, a plasma CVD method, a laser CVD method, a thermal CVD method, a coating method, or the like can be used.

  In the gap between the sealing member and the display area of the organic EL element, an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon, or an inert liquid such as fluorinated hydrocarbon or silicon oil can be injected in the gas phase and liquid phase. preferable. A vacuum is also possible. Moreover, a hygroscopic compound can also be enclosed inside.

  Examples of the hygroscopic compound include metal oxides (for example, sodium oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide, barium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide) and sulfates (for example, sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, cobalt sulfate). Etc.), metal halides (eg calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, cesium fluoride, tantalum fluoride, cerium bromide, magnesium bromide, barium iodide, magnesium iodide etc.), perchloric acids (eg perchloric acid) Barium, magnesium perchlorate, and the like), and anhydrous salts are preferably used in sulfates, metal halides, and perchloric acids.

《Protective film, protective plate》
In order to increase the mechanical strength of the element, a protective film or a protective plate may be provided on the outer side of the sealing film on the side facing the substrate with the organic layer interposed therebetween or on the sealing film. In particular, when the sealing is performed by the sealing film, the mechanical strength is not necessarily high, and thus it is preferable to provide such a protective film and a protective plate. As a material that can be used for this, the same glass plate, polymer plate / film, metal plate / film, etc. used for the sealing can be used, but the polymer film is light and thin. Is preferably used.

《Light extraction》
The organic EL element emits light inside a layer having a refractive index higher than that of air (refractive index is about 1.7 to 2.1) and can extract only about 15% to 20% of the light generated in the light emitting layer. It is generally said. This is because light incident on the interface (interface between the transparent substrate and air) at an angle θ greater than the critical angle causes total reflection and cannot be taken out of the device, or between the transparent electrode or light emitting layer and the transparent substrate. This is because the light is totally reflected between the light and the light is guided through the transparent electrode or the light emitting layer, and as a result, the light escapes in the direction of the element side surface.

  As a method for improving the light extraction efficiency, for example, a method of forming irregularities on the surface of the transparent substrate to prevent total reflection at the interface between the transparent substrate and the air (US Pat. No. 4,774,435), A method for improving efficiency by giving light condensing property to a substrate (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-314795), a method for forming a reflective surface on the side surface of an organic EL element (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-220394), a substrate A method of forming an antireflection film by introducing a flat layer having an intermediate refractive index between the substrate and the light emitter (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-172691), and lowering the refractive index than the substrate between the substrate and the light emitter. A method of introducing a flat layer having a structure (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-202827), a method of forming a diffraction grating between any one of a substrate, a transparent electrode layer, and a light emitting layer (including between the substrate and the outside) No. 283751) .

  In the present invention, these methods can be used in combination with the organic EL device according to the present invention. However, a method of introducing a flat layer having a lower refractive index than the substrate between the substrate and the light emitter, or a substrate, A method of forming a diffraction grating between any layers of the transparent electrode layer and the light emitting layer (including between the substrate and the outside) can be suitably used.

  In the present invention, by combining these means, it is possible to obtain an organic EL device having further high luminance or durability.

  When a medium having a low refractive index is formed between the transparent electrode and the transparent substrate with a thickness longer than the wavelength of light, the light extracted from the transparent electrode has a higher extraction efficiency to the outside as the refractive index of the medium is lower.

  Examples of the low refractive index layer include aerogel, porous silica, magnesium fluoride, and a fluorine-based polymer. Since the refractive index of the transparent substrate is generally about 1.5 to 1.7, the low refractive index layer preferably has a refractive index of about 1.5 or less, more preferably 1.35 or less. .

  The thickness of the low refractive index medium is preferably at least twice the wavelength in the medium. This is because the effect of the low refractive index layer is diminished when the thickness of the low refractive index medium is about the wavelength of light and the electromagnetic wave that has exuded by evanescent enters the substrate.

  The method of introducing a diffraction grating into an interface or any medium that causes total reflection is characterized by a high effect of improving light extraction efficiency.

  This method uses the property that the diffraction grating can change the direction of light to a specific direction different from refraction by so-called Bragg diffraction such as first-order diffraction and second-order diffraction. Light that cannot be emitted due to total internal reflection between layers is diffracted by introducing a diffraction grating in any layer or medium (in a transparent substrate or transparent electrode), and the light is removed. I want to take it out.

  The introduced diffraction grating desirably has a two-dimensional periodic refractive index. This is because light emitted from the light-emitting layer is randomly generated in all directions, so in a general one-dimensional diffraction grating having a periodic refractive index distribution only in a certain direction, only light traveling in a specific direction is diffracted. Therefore, the light extraction efficiency does not increase so much.

  However, by making the refractive index distribution a two-dimensional distribution, light traveling in all directions is diffracted, and light extraction efficiency is increased.

  As described above, the position where the diffraction grating is introduced may be in any of the layers or in the medium (in the transparent substrate or in the transparent electrode), but is preferably in the vicinity of the organic light emitting layer where light is generated.

  At this time, the period of the diffraction grating is preferably about 1/2 to 3 times the wavelength of light in the medium.

  The arrangement of the diffraction grating is preferably two-dimensionally repeated such as a square lattice, a triangular lattice, or a honeycomb lattice.

<Condenser sheet>
The organic EL device according to the present invention can be processed on the light extraction side of the substrate, for example, by providing a microlens array-like structure, or combined with a so-called condensing sheet, for example, in a specific direction, for example, the device light emitting surface. On the other hand, the brightness | luminance in a specific direction can be raised by condensing in a front direction.

  As an example of the microlens array, quadrangular pyramids having a side of 30 μm and an apex angle of 90 degrees are two-dimensionally arranged on the light extraction side of the substrate. One side is preferably 10 μm to 100 μm.

  If it becomes smaller than this, the effect of diffraction will generate | occur | produce and color, and if too large, thickness will become thick and is not preferable.

  As the condensing sheet, for example, a sheet that is put into practical use in an LED backlight of a liquid crystal display device can be used. As such a sheet, for example, a brightness enhancement film (BEF) manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited can be used.

  As the shape of the prism sheet, for example, the base material may be formed by forming a △ -shaped stripe having a vertex angle of 90 degrees and a pitch of 50 μm, or the vertex angle is rounded and the pitch is changed randomly. Other shapes may be used.

  Moreover, in order to control the light emission angle from a light emitting element, you may use together a light diffusing plate and a film with a condensing sheet. For example, a diffusion film (light-up) manufactured by Kimoto Co., Ltd. can be used.

<Application>
The organic EL element of the present invention can be used as a display device, a display, and various light emission sources. For example, lighting devices (home lighting, interior lighting), clock and liquid crystal backlights, billboard advertisements, traffic lights, light sources of optical storage media, light sources of electrophotographic copying machines, light sources of optical communication processors, light Although the light source of a sensor etc. are mentioned, It is not limited to this, Especially, it can use effectively for the use as a backlight of a liquid crystal display device, and a light source for illumination.

  In the organic EL element of the present invention, patterning may be performed by a metal mask, an ink jet printing method, or the like as needed during film formation. In the case of patterning, only the electrode may be patterned, the electrode and the light emitting layer may be patterned, or the entire layer of the element may be patterned. In the fabrication of the element, a conventionally known method is used. Can do.

  The light emission color of the organic EL device of the present invention and the compound according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 4.16 on page 108 of “New Color Science Handbook” (edited by the Japan Color Society, University of Tokyo Press, 1985). It is determined by the color when the result measured with the total CS-1000 (manufactured by Konica Minolta Sensing) is applied to the CIE chromaticity coordinates.

Further, when the organic EL element according to the present invention is a white element, white means that the chromaticity in the CIE1931 color system at 1000 cd / m ² is measured when the front luminance at 2 ° viewing angle is measured by the above method. , X = 0.33 ± 0.07 and Y = 0.33 ± 0.1.

<Display device>
The display device of the present invention will be described. The display device of the present invention comprises the organic EL element of the present invention.

  Although the display device of the present invention may be single color or multicolor, the multicolor display device will be described here. In the case of a multicolor display device, a shadow mask is provided only at the time of forming a light emitting layer, and a film can be formed on one surface by vapor deposition, casting, spin coating, ink jet, printing, or the like.

  In the case of patterning only the light emitting layer, the method is not limited. However, the vapor deposition method, the ink jet method, the spin coating method, and the printing method are preferable.

  The configuration of the organic EL element provided in the display device is selected from the above-described configuration examples of the organic EL element as necessary.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of an organic EL element is as having shown to the one aspect | mode of manufacture of the organic EL element of said invention.

  In the case of applying a DC voltage to the obtained multicolor display device, light emission can be observed by applying a voltage of about 2V to 40V with the positive polarity of the anode and the negative polarity of the cathode. Further, even when a voltage is applied with the opposite polarity, no current flows and no light emission occurs. Further, when an AC voltage is applied, light is emitted only when the anode is in the + state and the cathode is in the-state. The alternating current waveform to be applied may be arbitrary.

  The multicolor display device can be used as a display device, a display, and various light emission sources. In a display device or display, full-color display is possible by using three types of organic EL elements of blue, red, and green light emission.

  Examples of the display device and display include a television, a personal computer, a mobile device, an AV device, a character broadcast display, and an information display in an automobile. In particular, it may be used as a display device for reproducing still images and moving images, and the driving method when used as a display device for reproducing moving images may be either a simple matrix (passive matrix) method or an active matrix method.

  Light sources include home lighting, interior lighting, clock and liquid crystal backlights, billboard advertisements, traffic lights, light sources for optical storage media, light sources for electrophotographic copying machines, light sources for optical communication processors, light sources for optical sensors, etc. The present invention is not limited to these examples.

  Hereinafter, an example of a display device having the organic EL element of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a display device composed of organic EL elements. It is a schematic diagram of a display such as a mobile phone that displays image information by light emission of an organic EL element.

  The display 1 includes a display unit A having a plurality of pixels, a control unit B that performs image scanning of the display unit A based on image information, and the like.

  The control unit B is electrically connected to the display unit A, and sends a scanning signal and an image data signal to each of a plurality of pixels based on image information from the outside, and the pixels for each scanning line respond to the image data signal by the scanning signal. The image information is sequentially emitted to scan the image and display the image information on the display unit A.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the display unit A.

  The display unit A includes a wiring unit including a plurality of scanning lines 5 and data lines 6, a plurality of pixels 3 and the like on a substrate. The main members of the display unit A will be described below.

  In the figure, the light emitted from the pixel 3 is extracted in the direction of the white arrow (downward).

  The scanning line 5 and the plurality of data lines 6 in the wiring portion are each made of a conductive material, and the scanning lines 5 and the data lines 6 are orthogonal to each other in a grid pattern and are connected to the pixels 3 at the orthogonal positions (details are illustrated Not)

  When a scanning signal is applied from the scanning line 5, the pixel 3 receives an image data signal from the data line 6 and emits light according to the received image data.

  Full-color display is possible by appropriately arranging pixels in the red region, the green region, and the blue region on the same substrate.

  Next, the light emission process of the pixel will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pixel.

  The pixel includes an organic EL element 10, a switching transistor 11, a driving transistor 12, a capacitor 13, and the like. A full color display can be performed by using red, green, and blue light emitting organic EL elements as the organic EL elements 10 in a plurality of pixels, and juxtaposing them on the same substrate.

  In FIG. 3, an image data signal is applied from the control unit B to the drain of the switching transistor 11 through the data line 6. When a scanning signal is applied from the control unit B to the gate of the switching transistor 11 via the scanning line 5, the driving of the switching transistor 11 is turned on, and the image data signal applied to the drain is supplied to the capacitor 13 and the driving transistor 12. Is transmitted to the gate.

  By transmitting the image data signal, the capacitor 13 is charged according to the potential of the image data signal, and the drive of the drive transistor 12 is turned on. The drive transistor 12 has a drain connected to the power supply line 7 and a source connected to the electrode of the organic EL element 10, and the power supply line 7 connects to the organic EL element 10 according to the potential of the image data signal applied to the gate. Current is supplied.

  When the scanning signal is moved to the next scanning line 5 by the sequential scanning of the control unit B, the driving of the switching transistor 11 is turned off. However, even if the driving of the switching transistor 11 is turned off, the capacitor 13 maintains the potential of the charged image data signal, so that the driving of the driving transistor 12 is kept on and the next scanning signal is applied. Until then, the light emission of the organic EL element 10 continues. When the scanning signal is next applied by sequential scanning, the driving transistor 12 is driven according to the potential of the next image data signal synchronized with the scanning signal, and the organic EL element 10 emits light.

  That is, the light emission of the organic EL element 10 is performed by providing the switching transistor 11 and the drive transistor 12 which are active elements with respect to the organic EL element 10 of each of the plurality of pixels, and light emission of the organic EL element 10 of each of the plurality of pixels 3. It is carried out. Such a light emitting method is called an active matrix method.

  Here, the light emission of the organic EL element 10 may be light emission of a plurality of gradations by a multi-value image data signal having a plurality of gradation potentials, or by turning on / off a predetermined light emission amount by a binary image data signal. Good. The potential of the capacitor 13 may be held continuously until the next scanning signal is applied, or may be discharged immediately before the next scanning signal is applied.

  In the present invention, not only the active matrix method described above, but also a passive matrix light emission drive in which the organic EL element emits light according to the data signal only when the scanning signal is scanned.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a passive matrix display device. In FIG. 4, a plurality of scanning lines 5 and a plurality of image data lines 6 are provided in a lattice shape so as to face each other with the pixel 3 interposed therebetween.

  When the scanning signal of the scanning line 5 is applied by sequential scanning, the pixels 3 connected to the applied scanning line 5 emit light according to the image data signal.

  In the passive matrix system, the pixel 3 has no active element, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

《Lighting device》
The lighting device of the present invention will be described. The illumination device of the present invention has the organic EL element.

  The organic EL element of the present invention may be used as an organic EL element having a resonator structure. The purpose of use of the organic EL element having such a resonator structure is as follows. The light source of a machine, the light source of an optical communication processing machine, the light source of a photosensor, etc. are mentioned, However, It is not limited to these. Moreover, you may use for the said use by making a laser oscillation.

  Further, the organic EL element of the present invention may be used as a kind of lamp for illumination or exposure light source, a projection device for projecting an image, or a display for directly viewing a still image or a moving image. It may be used as a device (display).

  The driving method when used as a display device for moving image reproduction may be either a simple matrix (passive matrix) method or an active matrix method. Alternatively, a full-color display device can be manufactured by using two or more organic EL elements of the present invention having different emission colors.

  The organic EL material of the present invention can be applied to an organic EL element that emits substantially white light as a lighting device. A plurality of light emitting colors are simultaneously emitted by a plurality of light emitting materials to obtain white light emission by color mixing. The combination of a plurality of emission colors may include three emission maximum wavelengths of the three primary colors of blue, green, and blue, or two using the relationship of complementary colors such as blue and yellow, blue green and orange, etc. The thing containing the light emission maximum wavelength may be used.

  In addition, a combination of light emitting materials for obtaining a plurality of emission colors is a combination of a plurality of phosphorescent or fluorescent materials, a light emitting material that emits fluorescence or phosphorescence, and light from the light emitting material as excitation light. Any of those combined with a dye material that emits light may be used, but in the white organic EL device according to the present invention, only a combination of a plurality of light-emitting dopants may be mixed.

  It is only necessary to provide a mask only when forming a light emitting layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, etc., and simply arrange them separately by coating with the mask. Since other layers are common, patterning of the mask or the like is not necessary. In addition, for example, an electrode film can be formed by a vapor deposition method, a cast method, a spin coating method, an ink jet method, a printing method, or the like, and productivity is also improved.

  According to this method, unlike a white organic EL device in which light emitting elements of a plurality of colors are arranged in parallel in an array, the elements themselves are luminescent white.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a luminescent material used for a light emitting layer, For example, if it is a backlight in a liquid crystal display element, the metal complex which concerns on this invention so that it may suit the wavelength range corresponding to CF (color filter) characteristic, Any one of known luminescent materials may be selected and combined to whiten.

<< One Embodiment of Lighting Device of the Present Invention >>
One aspect of the lighting device of the present invention that includes the organic EL element of the present invention will be described.

  The non-light emitting surface of the organic EL device of the present invention is covered with a glass case, a glass substrate having a thickness of 300 μm is used as a sealing substrate, and an epoxy-based photocurable adhesive (LUX TRACK manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) is used as a sealing material. LC0629B) is applied, and this is overlaid on the cathode and brought into close contact with the transparent support substrate, irradiated with UV light from the glass substrate side, cured and sealed, and an illumination device as shown in FIGS. Can be formed.

  FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a lighting device, and the organic EL element 101 of the present invention is covered with a glass cover 102 (in addition, the sealing operation with the glass cover is to bring the organic EL element 101 into contact with the atmosphere. And a glove box under a nitrogen atmosphere (in an atmosphere of high-purity nitrogen gas having a purity of 99.999% or more).

  FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the lighting device. In FIG. 6, 105 denotes a cathode, 106 denotes an organic EL layer, and 107 denotes a glass substrate with a transparent electrode. The glass cover 102 is filled with nitrogen gas 108 and a water catching agent 109 is provided.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not limited to these.

  Moreover, the structure of the compound used for an Example is shown below.

Example 1
<Preparation of Organic EL Element 1-1>
Transparent support provided with this ITO transparent electrode after patterning on a substrate (NH45 manufactured by NH Techno Glass) made of ITO (indium tin oxide) with a thickness of 100 nm on a glass substrate of 100 mm × 100 mm × 1.1 mm as an anode The substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol, dried with dry nitrogen gas, and subjected to UV ozone cleaning for 5 minutes.

  This transparent support substrate is fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available vacuum evaporation apparatus, while 200 mg of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) is put into a molybdenum resistance heating boat, and 200 mg of hole transport material 1 is put into another molybdenum resistance heating boat. 200 mg of Comparative Compound 1 as a host compound is placed in a molybdenum resistance heating boat, 100 mg of D-9 as a dopant compound is placed in another molybdenum resistance heating boat, and 200 mg of the electron transport material 1 is placed in another molybdenum resistance heating boat. Furthermore, 200 mg of the electron transport material 4 was put in another resistance heating boat made of molybdenum and attached to a vacuum deposition apparatus.

Next, after reducing the vacuum chamber to 4 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa, the heating boat containing CuPc is energized and heated, and deposited on a transparent support substrate at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec. To form a 20 nm hole injection layer. Provided.

  Furthermore, the heating boat containing the hole transport material 1 was energized and heated, and deposited on the hole injection layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec to provide a 20 nm hole transport layer.

  Further, the heating boat containing Comparative Compound 1 and D-9 was energized and heated, and co-evaporated on the hole transport layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec and 0.006 nm / sec, respectively, to emit 20 nm. A layer was provided.

  Further, the heating boat containing the electron transport material 1 was energized and heated, and deposited on the light emitting layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec to provide a first electron transport layer having a thickness of 30 nm.

  Further, the heating boat containing the electron transport material 4 was energized and heated, and deposited on the first electron transport layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec to provide a second electron transport layer having a thickness of 30 nm. In addition, the substrate temperature at the time of vapor deposition was room temperature.

  Then, 0.5 nm of lithium fluoride was vapor-deposited as a cathode buffer layer, and also aluminum 110nm was vapor-deposited, the cathode was formed, and the organic EL element 1-1 was produced.

<< Production of Organic EL Elements 1-2 to 1-4 >>
In the organic EL device 1-1, the organic EL device 1-2 was changed in the same manner as the organic EL device 1-1 except that the comparative compound 1 was changed to the compounds shown in Table 1 (compounds 18, 5, and 36 of the present invention). ˜1-4 were prepared.

<< Evaluation of Organic EL Elements 1-1 to 1-4 >>
When evaluating the obtained organic EL elements 1-1 to 1-4, the non-light-emitting surface of each organic EL element after production is covered with a glass cover, and the glass cover and the glass substrate on which the organic EL element is produced are prepared. An epoxy-based photo-curing adhesive (Luxtrac LC0629B manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) is applied as a sealant around the glass cover side that comes into contact with the transparent support substrate so as to overlap the cathode side, and the glass substrate side. Then, it was cured by irradiating with UV light and sealed, and the lighting device as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 was formed and evaluated. Next, the following stability over time was evaluated.

(Stability over time)
After each organic EL device was stored at 85 ° C. for 24 hours, each brightness and each voltage were measured when driven under a constant current condition of ^2.5 mA / cm ² at room temperature (about 23 ° C. to 25 ° C.) before and after storage. Then, each luminance ratio and each voltage ratio were determined according to the following formulas, and this was used as a measure of stability over time.

Luminance ratio (%) = luminance after storage ( ^2.5 mA / cm ² ) / luminance before storage ( ^2.5 mA / cm ² ) × 100
Voltage ratio (%) = drive voltage after storage ( ^2.5 mA / cm ² ) / voltage before storage ( ^2.5 mA / cm ² ) × 100

Example 2
<< Preparation of Organic EL Element 2-1 >>
After patterning on a substrate (NA-45 manufactured by NH Techno Glass Co., Ltd.) formed by depositing 100 nm of ITO (indium tin oxide) on a 100 mm × 100 mm × 1.1 mm glass substrate as an anode, this ITO transparent electrode was provided. The transparent support substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol, dried with dry nitrogen gas, and subjected to UV ozone cleaning for 5 minutes.

  On this transparent support substrate, using a solution obtained by diluting poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT / PSS, Bayer, Baytron P Al 4083) to 70% with pure water, 3000 rpm, A thin film was formed by spin coating under conditions of 30 seconds and then dried at 200 ° C. for 1 hour to provide a 20 nm-thick hole transport layer.

  The substrate was transferred to a nitrogen atmosphere, and a solution prepared by dissolving 50 mg of the hole transport material 2 in 10 ml of toluene was spin-coated on the hole transport layer at 1500 rpm for 30 seconds on the hole transport layer. Formed. Further, ultraviolet light was irradiated for 180 seconds to carry out photopolymerization and crosslinking, thereby forming a second hole transport layer having a thickness of about 20 nm.

  On this second hole transport layer, a thin film was formed by spin coating using a solution obtained by dissolving 100 mg of Comparative Compound 2 and 10 mg of D-25 in 10 ml of toluene at 600 rpm for 30 seconds. It vacuum-dried at 60 degreeC for 1 hour, and was set as the light emitting layer with a film thickness of about 70 nm.

  Next, a thin film was formed on the light emitting layer by a spin coating method using a solution of 50 mg of the electron transport compound 2 dissolved in 10 ml of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. Furthermore, it vacuum-dried at 60 degreeC for 1 hour, and was set as the electron carrying layer with a film thickness of about 30 nm.

Subsequently, this substrate was fixed to a substrate holder of a vacuum deposition apparatus, and after the vacuum chamber was depressurized to 4 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa, lithium fluoride was deposited at 0.4 nm as a cathode buffer layer, and aluminum was deposited at 110 nm as a cathode. Thus, a cathode was formed, and an organic EL element 2-1 was produced.

<< Production of Organic EL Elements 2-2 to 2-4 >>
In the production of the organic EL element 2-1, the organic EL elements 2-2 to 2-4 were prepared in the same manner except that the comparative compound 2 was changed to the compounds shown in Table 2 (compounds 1, 15, and 37 of the present invention). Produced.

<< Evaluation of Organic EL Elements 2-1 to 2-4 >>
When evaluating the obtained organic EL elements 2-1 to 2-4, they were sealed in the same manner as the organic EL elements 1-1 to 1-4 of Example 1, and illumination as shown in FIGS. A device was formed and evaluated. Subsequently, the following evaluation was performed.

(External quantum efficiency)
By causing the organic EL device to emit light at room temperature (about 23 ° C. to 25 ° C.) and a constant current of ^2.5 mA / cm ² , and measuring the light emission luminance (L) [cd / m ² ] immediately after the start of light emission, The external extraction quantum efficiency (η) was calculated.

  Here, CS-1000 (manufactured by Konica Minolta Sensing) was used for measurement of light emission luminance.

  The external extraction quantum efficiency was expressed as a relative value with the organic EL element 2-1 being 100.

(Drive voltage)
Each voltage was measured when the organic EL element was driven at room temperature (about 23 ° C. to 25 ° C.) under a constant current condition of ^2.5 mA / cm ² , and the measurement results are shown below. 1 (comparative example) is taken as 100, and each is shown as a relative value.

Voltage = (drive voltage of each element / drive voltage of the organic EL element 2-1) × 100
A smaller value indicates a lower drive voltage for comparison.

(Luminescent life)
The organic EL device continuously emitted light at room temperature under a constant current condition of ^2.5 mA / cm ² , and the time (τ1 / 2) required to obtain half the initial luminance was measured.

  In addition, the light emission lifetime was represented by the relative value which sets the organic EL element 6-1 to 100.

  The results obtained are shown below.

Example 3
<< Production of Organic EL Element 3-1 >>
In the production of the organic EL element 2-1, the hole transport material 3 was used instead of the hole transport material 2, and 100 mg of the comparative compound 3 and 15 mg of D-1 were used instead of the comparative compound 2 and D-25. An organic EL device 3-1 was produced in the same manner except that a solution dissolved in toluene was used and the electron transport material 3 was used instead of the electron transport material 2.

<< Production of Organic EL Elements 3-2 to 3-4 >>
In the production of the organic EL element 3-1, the organic EL elements 3-2 to 3-4 were prepared in the same manner except that the comparative compound 3 was changed to the compounds shown in Table 3 (compounds 33, 38 and 40 of the present invention). Produced.

<< Evaluation of Organic EL Elements 3-1 to 3-4 >>
When evaluating the obtained organic EL elements 3-1 to 3-4, they were sealed in the same manner as the organic EL elements 1-1 to 1-4 of Example 1, and illumination as shown in FIGS. A device was formed and evaluated. Subsequently, the following evaluation was performed.

[Power efficiency]
Using a spectral radiance meter CS-1000 (manufactured by Konica Minolta Sensing Co., Ltd.), the front luminance and luminance angle dependency of each organic EL element were measured, and the power efficiency at a front luminance of 1000 cd / m ² was obtained. The power efficiency is expressed as a relative value that sets the power efficiency of the organic EL element 3-1 to 100.

<Stability over time>
Each organic EL element was stored at 60 ° C. and 70% RH for one month, then each power efficiency before and after storage was determined, and each power efficiency ratio was determined according to the following formula, which was used as a measure of stability over time.

  Stability over time (%) = power efficiency after storage / power efficiency before storage x 100

Example 4
<< Preparation of Organic EL Element 4-1 >>
After patterning on a substrate (NA-45 manufactured by NH Techno Glass Co., Ltd.) formed by depositing 100 nm of ITO (indium tin oxide) on a 100 mm × 100 mm × 1.1 mm glass substrate as an anode, this ITO transparent electrode was provided. The transparent support substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol, dried with dry nitrogen gas, and subjected to UV ozone cleaning for 5 minutes.

  On this transparent support substrate, using a solution obtained by diluting poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT / PSS, Bayer, Baytron P Al 4083) to 70% with pure water, 3000 rpm, A thin film was formed by spin coating under conditions of 30 seconds and then dried at 200 ° C. for 1 hour to provide a 20 nm-thick hole transport layer.

  The substrate was transferred to a nitrogen atmosphere, and a mixed solution prepared by dissolving 5 mg of the hole transport material 4 and 45 mg of the hole transport material 5 in 10 ml of toluene on the hole transport layer under the conditions of 2000 rpm and 30 seconds. A thin film was formed by spin coating on the hole transport layer. In a nitrogen atmosphere, ultraviolet light was irradiated at 120 ° C. for 90 seconds to carry out photopolymerization and crosslinking to form a second hole transport layer having a thickness of about 15 nm.

  On this second hole transport layer, a thin film was formed by spin coating using a solution of 100 mg of Comparative Compound 4 and 10 mg of D-26 dissolved in 10 ml of toluene at 600 rpm for 30 seconds. It vacuum-dried at 60 degreeC for 1 hour, and was set as the light emitting layer with a film thickness of about 70 nm.

Subsequently, this substrate was fixed to a substrate holder of a vacuum evaporation apparatus, and after the vacuum chamber was depressurized to 4 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa, the heating boat containing the electron transport material 4 described in Example 1 was energized and heated. Then, an electron transport layer having a film thickness of 30 nm was provided by vapor deposition on the light emitting layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec. In addition, the substrate temperature at the time of vapor deposition was room temperature.

  Then, 0.5 nm of lithium fluoride was vapor-deposited as a cathode buffer layer, and also 110 nm of aluminum was vapor-deposited, the cathode was formed, and the organic EL element 4-1.

<< Production of Organic EL Elements 4-2 to 4-4 >>
In the production of the organic EL element 4-1, the organic EL elements 4-2 to 4-4 were prepared in the same manner except that the comparative compound 4 was changed to the compounds shown in Table 4 (compounds 14, 41 and 42 of the present invention). Produced.

<< Evaluation of Organic EL Elements 4-1 to 4-4 >>
When evaluating the obtained organic EL elements 4-1 to 4-4, they were sealed in the same manner as the organic EL elements 1-1 to 1-4 of Example 1, and illumination as shown in FIGS. A device was formed and evaluated. Subsequently, the following evaluation was performed.

(Power efficiency)
The power efficiency was determined in the same manner as in the case of the organic EL elements 3-1 to 3-4 of Example 3.

(Luminescent life)
The organic EL device continuously emitted light at room temperature under a constant current condition of ^2.5 mA / cm ² , and the time (τ1 / 2) required to obtain half the initial luminance was measured.

(Voltage increase rate)
When driven at a constant current of 6 mA / cm ² , the initial voltage and the voltage after 180 hours were measured. The relative value of the voltage after 100 hours with respect to the initial voltage was defined as the voltage increase rate.

(Luminescent life)
The light emission lifetime was evaluated by the same method as in Example 2.

Example 5
<Preparation of organic EL element 5-1>
Transparent support provided with this ITO transparent electrode after patterning on a substrate (NH45 manufactured by NH Techno Glass) made of ITO (indium tin oxide) with a thickness of 100 nm on a glass substrate of 100 mm × 100 mm × 1.1 mm as an anode The substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol, dried with dry nitrogen gas, and subjected to UV ozone cleaning for 5 minutes.

  This transparent support substrate is fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available vacuum evaporation apparatus, while 200 mg of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) is put into a molybdenum resistance heating boat, and 200 mg of hole transport material 6 is put into another molybdenum resistance heating boat. 200 mg of host material 1 as a host compound is placed in a molybdenum resistance heating boat, 100 mg of D-24 as a dopant compound is placed in another molybdenum resistance heating boat, and 200 mg of comparative compound 5 is placed in another molybdenum resistance heating boat in a vacuum. Attached to the vapor deposition equipment.

Next, after reducing the vacuum chamber to 4 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa, the heating boat containing CuPc is energized and heated, and deposited on a transparent support substrate at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec. To form a 20 nm hole injection layer. Provided.

  Further, the heating boat containing the hole transport material 6 was energized and heated, and deposited on the hole injection layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec to provide a 20 nm hole transport layer.

  Further, the heating boat containing the host compound 1 and D-24 was energized and heated, and co-deposited on the hole transport layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec and 0.006 nm / sec, respectively, to emit light of 20 nm. A layer was provided.

  Further, the heating boat containing the comparative compound 5 was energized and heated, and deposited on the light emitting layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec to provide an electron transport layer having a thickness of 30 nm. In addition, the substrate temperature at the time of vapor deposition was room temperature.

  Then, 0.5 nm of lithium fluoride was vapor-deposited as a cathode buffer layer, and also aluminum 110nm was vapor-deposited, the cathode was formed, and the organic EL element 1-1 was produced.

<< Production of Organic EL Elements 5-2 to 5-4 >>
In the organic EL element 5-1, the organic EL element 5-2 was made in the same manner as the organic EL element 5-1, except that the comparative compound 5 was changed to the compounds shown in Table 5 (compounds 25, 43 and 44 of the present invention). ~ 5-4 were made.

<< Evaluation of Organic EL Elements 5-1 to 5-4 >>
When evaluating the obtained organic EL elements 5-1 to 5-4, they were sealed in the same manner as the organic EL elements 1-1 to 1-4 of Example 1, and illumination as shown in FIGS. A device was formed and evaluated. Subsequently, stability with time was evaluated according to the following measurement method.

(Stability over time)
Each organic EL element is stored for one month at 60 ° C. and 70% RH, and then driven at a constant current of ^2.5 mA / cm ² at room temperature (approximately 23 ° C. to 25 ° C.) before and after storage. And each voltage was measured, each luminance ratio and each voltage ratio were calculated | required according to the following Formula, and this was made into the scale of temporal stability.

Luminance ratio (%) = luminance after storage ( ^2.5 mA / cm ² ) / luminance before storage ( ^2.5 mA / cm ² ) × 100
Voltage ratio (%) = drive voltage after storage ( ^2.5 mA / cm ² ) / voltage before storage ( ^2.5 mA / cm ² ) × 100

Example 6
<< Production of Organic EL Element 6-1 >>
In the production of the organic EL element 2-1, instead of the hole transport material 2, a commercially available ADS254BE (manufactured by American Dye Source, Inc.) was used, and spin coating was performed at 2500 rpm for 30 seconds. An organic EL device 6-1 was produced in the same manner except that the host material 2 was used and the comparative compound 6 was used instead of the electron transport compound 2.

<< Production of Organic EL Elements 6-2 to 6-4 >>
In the organic EL element 6-1, the organic EL element 6-2 was changed in the same manner as the organic EL element 6-1 except that the comparative compound 6 was changed to the compounds shown in Table 6 (compounds 45, 48 and 50 of the present invention). ~ 6-4 were made.

  For the organic EL element 6-2, the comparative compound 7 used in place of the comparative compound 6 was not completely dissolved in a predetermined amount of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP).

<< Evaluation of Organic EL Elements 6-1 to 6-4 >>
When evaluating the obtained organic EL elements 6-1 to 6-4, they were sealed in the same manner as the organic EL elements 1-1 to 1-4 of Example 1, and illumination as shown in FIGS. A device was formed and evaluated. Subsequently, the following evaluation was performed.

(External extraction quantum efficiency and emission lifetime)
External extraction quantum efficiency, drive voltage, and light emission lifetime were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 2.

Example 7
<< Production of Organic EL Element 7-1 >>
After patterning on a substrate (NA-45 manufactured by NH Techno Glass Co., Ltd.) formed by depositing 100 nm of ITO (indium tin oxide) on a 100 mm × 100 mm × 1.1 mm glass substrate as an anode, this ITO transparent electrode was provided. The transparent support substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol, dried with dry nitrogen gas, and subjected to UV ozone cleaning for 5 minutes.

  On this transparent support substrate, using a solution obtained by diluting poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT / PSS, Bayer, Baytron P Al 4083) to 70% with pure water, 3000 rpm, A thin film was formed by spin coating under conditions of 30 seconds and then dried at 200 ° C. for 1 hour to provide a 20 nm-thick hole transport layer.

  This substrate was transferred to a nitrogen atmosphere, and a mixed solution prepared by dissolving 3 mg of the hole transport material 4 and 47 mg of the hole transport material 2 in 10 ml of toluene on the hole transport layer under conditions of 1500 rpm and 30 seconds. A thin film was formed by spin coating on the hole transport layer. In a nitrogen atmosphere, ultraviolet light was irradiated at 120 ° C. for 90 seconds to carry out photopolymerization and crosslinking to form a second hole transport layer having a thickness of about 20 nm.

  A thin film was formed on the second hole transport layer by spin coating using a solution of 100 mg of host material 2 and 15 mg of D-26 dissolved in 10 ml of toluene at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. It vacuum-dried at 60 degreeC for 1 hour, and was set as the light emitting layer.

  Next, a thin film was formed on this light emitting layer by spin coating using a solution obtained by dissolving 50 mg of Comparative Compound 7 in 10 ml of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. Furthermore, it vacuum-dried at 60 degreeC for 1 hour, and was set as the electron carrying layer with a film thickness of about 30 nm.

Subsequently, this substrate was fixed to a substrate holder of a vacuum deposition apparatus, and after the vacuum chamber was depressurized to 4 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa, lithium fluoride was deposited at 0.4 nm as a cathode buffer layer, and aluminum was deposited at 110 nm as a cathode. Then, a cathode was formed, and an organic EL element 7-1 was produced.

<< Production of Organic EL Elements 7-2 to 7-4 >>
In the production of the organic EL device 7-1, the organic EL devices 7-2 to 7-4 were prepared in the same manner except that the comparative compound 7 was changed to the compounds shown in Table 7 (compounds 11, 51 and 52 of the present invention). Produced.

<< Evaluation of Organic EL Elements 7-1 to 7-4 >>
When evaluating the obtained organic EL elements 7-1 to 7-4, the organic EL elements 1-1 to 1-4 in Example 1 were sealed in the same manner as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. A device was formed and evaluated. Subsequently, the following evaluation was performed.

(External extraction quantum efficiency and emission lifetime)
The external extraction quantum efficiency and the light emission lifetime were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 2.

(Voltage increase rate)
The voltage increase rate was evaluated by the same method as in Example 4.

Example 8
<< Preparation of Organic EL Element 8-1 >>
In the production of the organic EL element 7-1, 60 mg of the hole transport material 3 is used instead of the hole transport material 4 and the hole transport material 2, and the host material 3 is used instead of the host material 2, and D-26 An organic EL device 8-1 was produced in the same manner except that D-46 was used instead of and that Comparative compound 8 was used instead of Comparative compound 7.

<< Preparation of organic EL elements 8-2 to 8-4 >>
In the production of the organic EL device 8-1, the organic EL devices 8-2 to 8-4 were prepared in the same manner except that the comparative compound 8 was changed to the compounds shown in Table 8 (compounds 2, 3, and 4 of the present invention). Produced.

<< Evaluation of Organic EL Elements 8-1 to 8-4 >>
When evaluating the obtained organic EL elements 8-1 to 8-4, the organic EL elements 1-1 to 1-4 of Example 1 were sealed in the same manner as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. A device was formed and evaluated. Subsequently, the following evaluation was performed.

(External extraction quantum efficiency, driving voltage and light emission lifetime)
External extraction quantum efficiency, drive voltage, and light emission lifetime were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 2.

Example 9
<< Production of Organic EL Element 9-1 >>
After patterning on a substrate (NA-45 manufactured by NH Techno Glass Co., Ltd.) formed by depositing 100 nm of ITO (indium tin oxide) on a 100 mm × 100 mm × 1.1 mm glass substrate as an anode, this ITO transparent electrode was provided. The transparent support substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol, dried with dry nitrogen gas, and subjected to UV ozone cleaning for 5 minutes.

  On this transparent support substrate, using a solution obtained by diluting poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT / PSS, Bayer, Baytron P Al 4083) to 70% with pure water, 3000 rpm, A thin film was formed by spin coating under conditions of 30 seconds and then dried at 200 ° C. for 1 hour to provide a 20 nm-thick hole transport layer.

  The substrate was transferred to a nitrogen atmosphere, and a mixed solution prepared by dissolving 8 mg of the hole transport material 4 and 42 mg of the hole transport material 3 in 10 ml of toluene on the hole transport layer under the conditions of 2000 rpm and 30 seconds. A thin film was formed by spin coating on the hole transport layer. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, ultraviolet light was irradiated at 130 ° C. for 80 seconds to carry out photopolymerization and crosslinking to form a second hole transport layer having a thickness of about 15 nm.

  On the second hole transport layer, a thin film was formed by spin coating using a solution obtained by dissolving 100 mg of host material 4 and 10 mg of D-9 in 10 ml of toluene at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. It vacuum-dried at 60 degreeC for 1 hour, and was set as the light emitting layer.

  Next, a thin film was formed on this light emitting layer by spin coating using a solution prepared by dissolving 50 mg of Comparative Compound 9 in 10 ml of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. Furthermore, it vacuum-dried at 60 degreeC for 1 hour, and was set as the electron carrying layer with a film thickness of about 30 nm.

Subsequently, this substrate was fixed to a substrate holder of a vacuum deposition apparatus, and after the vacuum chamber was depressurized to 4 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa, lithium fluoride was deposited at 0.4 nm as a cathode buffer layer, and aluminum was deposited at 110 nm as a cathode. Then, a cathode was formed, and an organic EL element 9-1 was produced.

<< Production of Organic EL Elements 9-2 to 9-4 >>
In the preparation of the organic EL device 9-1, D-9 is a compound described in Table 9 (compounds D-9, D-24, and D-26 of the present invention), and Comparative compound 9 is a compound described in Table 9 (the present invention). Organic EL elements 9-2 to 9-4 were produced in the same manner except that the compound 6) was changed.

<< Evaluation of Organic EL Elements 9-1 to 9-4 >>
When evaluating the obtained organic EL elements 9-1 to 9-4, they were sealed in the same manner as the organic EL elements 1-1 to 1-4 of Example 1, and illumination as shown in FIGS. A device was formed and evaluated. Subsequently, the following evaluation was performed.

(External extraction quantum efficiency and emission lifetime)
The external extraction quantum efficiency and the light emission lifetime were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 2.

Example 10
<< Production of organic EL full-color display device >>
FIG. 7 shows a schematic configuration diagram of an organic EL full-color display device. After patterning at a pitch of 100 μm on a substrate (NH45 manufactured by NH Techno Glass Co., Ltd.) having a 100 nm thick ITO transparent electrode (202) formed on a glass substrate 201 as an anode, non-between the ITO transparent electrodes on this glass substrate. A photosensitive polyimide partition 203 (width 20 μm, thickness 2.0 μm) was formed by photolithography.

  A hole injection layer composition having the following composition is ejected and injected between polyimide partition walls on ITO electrodes using an inkjet head (manufactured by Epson Corporation; MJ800C), irradiated with ultraviolet light for 200 seconds, and dried at 60 ° C. for 10 minutes A hole injection layer 204 having a thickness of 40 nm was produced by the treatment.

  On the hole injection layer, the following blue light-emitting layer composition, green light-emitting layer composition, and red light-emitting layer composition were similarly discharged and injected using an inkjet head, and dried at 60 ° C. for 10 minutes. Each light emitting layer (205B, 205G, 205R) was formed.

  Next, Compound Example 54 was vapor-deposited to a thickness of 20 nm so as to cover the light-emitting layer, and further lithium fluoride was 0.6 nm and Al (106) was vacuum-deposited as a cathode at 130 nm to produce an organic EL device.

  It was found that the produced organic EL element showed blue, green, and red light emission by applying a voltage to each electrode, and could be used as a full-color display device.

(Hole injection layer composition)
Hole transport material 7 20 parts by mass Cyclohexylbenzene 50 parts by mass Isopropylbiphenyl 50 parts by mass (Blue light emitting layer composition)
Host material 2 0.7 parts by mass D-26 0.04 parts by mass Cyclohexylbenzene 50 parts by mass Isopropyl biphenyl 50 parts by mass (green light emitting layer composition)
Host material 2 0.7 parts by mass D-1 0.04 parts by mass Cyclohexylbenzene 50 parts by mass Isopropyl biphenyl 50 parts by mass (red light emitting layer composition)
Host material 2 0.7 parts by mass D-10 0.04 parts by mass Cyclohexylbenzene 50 parts by mass Isopropyl biphenyl 50 parts by mass Example 11
<< Production of White Organic EL Element 11-1 >>
Transparent support provided with this ITO transparent electrode after patterning on a substrate (NH45 manufactured by NH Techno Glass Co., Ltd.) formed by depositing 100 nm of ITO (indium tin oxide) on a glass substrate of 100 mm × 100 mm × 1.1 mm as an anode The substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol, dried with dry nitrogen gas, and subjected to UV ozone cleaning for 5 minutes.

  On this transparent support substrate, a solution obtained by diluting poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT / PSS, Bayer, Baytron P Al 4083) to 70% with pure water at 3000 rpm for 30 seconds. Then, the film was formed by spin coating and then dried at 200 ° C. for 1 hour to provide a first hole transport layer having a thickness of 30 nm.

  This substrate was transferred to a nitrogen atmosphere, and a solution of 70 mg of the hole transport material 2 dissolved in 10 ml of toluene was formed on the first hole transport layer by spin coating at 1500 rpm for 30 seconds. After irradiation with ultraviolet light at 110 ° C. for 100 seconds to perform photopolymerization / crosslinking, vacuum drying was performed at 60 ° C. for 1 hour to form a second hole transport layer.

  Next, using a solution prepared by dissolving host material 3 (60 mg), D-6 (0.3 mg), and D-24 (3.0 mg) in 6 ml of toluene, a spin coating method was performed at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. Filmed. It vacuum-dried at 60 degreeC for 1 hour, and was set as the light emitting layer.

  Furthermore, using a solution obtained by dissolving Compound Example 9 (25 mg) in 5 ml of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), a film was formed by spin coating at 1500 rpm for 30 seconds, and then vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 1 hour for electron transport. Layered.

Subsequently, this substrate was fixed to a substrate holder of a vacuum vapor deposition apparatus, and 200 mg of Alq ₃ was put into a molybdenum resistance heating boat and attached to the vacuum vapor deposition apparatus. After reducing the pressure of the vacuum chamber to 4 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa, the heating boat containing Alq ₃ was energized and heated, and deposited on the electron transport layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / second to further form a film. A second electron transport layer having a thickness of 40 nm was provided.

  In addition, the substrate temperature at the time of vapor deposition was room temperature. Then, 0.5 nm of potassium fluoride and 110 nm of aluminum were vapor-deposited, the cathode was formed, and the organic EL element 11-1 was produced.

  When this element was energized, almost white light was obtained, and it was found that it could be used as a lighting device. In addition, it turned out that white light emission is obtained similarly even if it replaces with the other compound of illustration.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Display 3 Pixel 5 Scan line 6 Data line 7 Power supply line 10 Organic EL element 11 Switching transistor 12 Drive transistor 13 Capacitor A Display part B Control part 101 Organic EL element 102 Glass cover 105 Cathode 106 Organic EL layer 107 Glass substrate with a transparent electrode 108 Nitrogen gas 109 Water trapping agent 201 Glass substrate 202 ITO transparent electrode 203 Partition wall 204 Hole injection layer 205B, 205G, 205R Light emitting layer

Claims (21)

An organic electroluminescent element material comprising a compound represented by the following general formula (1).

(Wherein, Ar ₁ and Ar ₃ represents a group .Ar ₂ represents a group derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or aromatic heterocyclic ring which is derived from 6-membered aromatic ring, Ar ₂ is more present In this case, 6-membered aromatic rings represented by Ar ₂ may be bonded to each other to form a condensed ring, n3 represents an integer of 0 or more, and n1 and n2 each represents an integer of 1 or more. N1 + n2 + n3 is 2 or more, and when n1, n2 and n3 are each 2 or more, Ar _{1 to} Ar ₃ may be the same or different, and Ar represents the following general formula (2).

(In the formula, Y represents either O or S, and X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₃ , X ₄ , X ₅ , X ₆ , X ₇ and X ₈ are each independently = C (R ₁ ). -Or = N-, but at least two are = N-, R ₁ represents a hydrogen atom, a substituent or a linking site.) 2. The organic electro of claim 1, wherein at least one of X _{1 and} X ₃ in the general formula (2) is represented by ═C (R ₁ ) —, and R ₁ represents a linking site. Materials for luminescence elements. The said general formula (2) is represented by the following general formula (2-a), The organic electroluminescent element material of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.

(In the formula, Y, X ₂ and X _{4 to} X ₈ each represent a group having the same meaning as Y, X ₂ , X _{4 to} X ₈ and R _{1 in the} general formula (2). X ₂ and X ₄ of to X _8, at least two = a N-. * represents a linking site.) The organic electroluminescent element material according to claim 3, wherein two of X ₂ and X _{4 to} X _{8 in} the general formula (2-a) are = N-. The said general formula (2) is represented by the following general formula (2-b), The organic electroluminescent element material of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.

(In the formula, Y and X _{2 to} X ₇ each represent a group having the same meaning as Y, X _{2 to} X ₇ and R _{1 in the} general formula (2). At least two of X _{2 to} X ₇ are included. Is = N-, * represents a linking site.) The organic electroluminescent element material according to claim 5, wherein two of X _{2 to} X ₇ in the general formula (2-b) are = N-. The said general formula (2) is represented by the following general formula (2-c), The organic electroluminescent element material of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.

(In the formula, Y, X _{2 to} X ₅ , X ₇ and X ₈ represent the same groups as Y, X _{2 to} X ₅ , X ₇ , X ₈ and R _{1 in the} general formula (2), respectively. And at least two of X _{2 to} X ₅ , X ₇ and X ₈ are ═N—, * represents a linking site.) The organic electroluminescent element material according to claim 7, wherein two of X _{2 to} X ₅ , X ₇ and X _{8 in} the general formula (2-c) are = N—. The organic electroluminescent element material according to claim 1, wherein the general formula (2) is represented by the following general formula (2-d).

(In the formula, Y, X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₄ , X ₅ , X ₇ , X ₈ are Y, X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₄ , X ₅ , X _{7 in the} general formula (2), respectively. , X ₈ and R ₁ are the same as defined above, and at least two of X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₄ , X ₅ , X ₇ and X ₈ are ═N—, and * represents a linking site. ) 10. The organic electro of claim 9, wherein two of X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₄ , X ₅ , X ₇ and X _{8 in} the general formula (2-d) are ═N—. Materials for luminescence elements.   An organic electroluminescence device comprising a plurality of organic compound layers sandwiched between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and comprising a light emitting layer containing a phosphorescent compound, wherein at least one of the organic compound layers is claim 1. The organic electroluminescent element characterized by containing the material for organic electroluminescent elements of any one of 10-10.   At least 1 layer is an electron carrying layer among the said organic compound layers, and this electron carrying layer contains the organic electroluminescent element material of any one of Claims 1-10, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. The organic electroluminescent element according to claim 11.   The light emitting layer contains a host material and a phosphorescent compound, and the host material is made of the material for an organic electroluminescence element according to any one of claims 1 to 10, The organic electroluminescent element according to claim 11. 14. The organic electroluminescent element according to claim 11, wherein at least one of the phosphorescent compounds is represented by the following general formula (D).

(In the formula, P and Q each independently represent a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, and A ₁ represents an atomic group that forms an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring together with P—C. A ₂ represents Q—. Represents an atomic group that forms an aromatic heterocycle with N. P ₁ -L ₁ -P ₂ represents a bidentate ligand, and P ₁ and P ₂ each independently represent a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or an oxygen atom L ₁ represents a group of atoms forming a bidentate ligand with P ₁ and P ₂ , j1 represents an integer of 1 to 3, j2 represents an integer of 0 to 2, and j1 + j2 represents 2 or 3. M ₁ represents a metal element of group 8 to 10 in the element period.) The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 14, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (D) is a compound represented by the following general formula (D-1).

(In the formula, Z represents a hydrocarbon ring group or a heterocyclic group. P, A ₁ , P ₁ , P ₂ , L ₁ and M ₁ are P, A represented by the general formula (D), respectively. ₁ , P ₁ , P ₂ , L _1, and M ₁ each represents the same group as A 1. A ₃ represents an atomic group that forms an aromatic heterocycle with N—C═N, and —C (R ₀₁ ) ═C ( R ₀₂ ) —, —N═C (R ₀₂ ) —, —C (R ₀₁ ) ═N— or —N═N—, each of R ₀₁ and R ₀₂ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. And j2 represent an integer having the same meaning as j1 and j2 in the general formula (D), and j1 + j2 is 2 or 3. The organic electroluminescent element according to claim 15, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (D-1) is a compound represented by the following general formula (D-2).

(In the formula, Z ₂ represents an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or an aromatic heterocyclic group. Z ₁ represents a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a 5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring together with C—C. Represents an atomic group necessary for forming P ₁ , P ₂ , L _1, and M ₁ , each having the same meaning as P ₁ , P ₂ , L _1, and M ₁ represented by the general formula (D); R ₀₃ and R ₀₄ each represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and may be bonded to each other to form a ring, j1 and j2 each represent an integer having the same meaning as j1 and j2 in formula (D). , J1 + j2 is 2 or 3.)   The organic electroluminescence device according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein the phosphorescent compound is a compound containing Ir or Pt metal.   The organic electroluminescence according to any one of claims 11 to 17, wherein at least two layers of the organic compound layers are manufactured through a step of forming and forming a film by a wet method (wet process). element.   The organic electroluminescence element according to claim 11, which emits white light.   An illuminating device comprising the organic electroluminescent element according to any one of claims 11 to 19.   A display device comprising the organic electroluminescence element according to claim 11.

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