JP5743080B2 - Processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus including an air motor.

  As a processing apparatus provided with an air motor, for example, a chamfering apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is known. In general, the chamfering device includes a floating mechanism for copying (centering) a substantially conical chamfering tool with respect to a hole to be processed. As such a floating mechanism, a structure in which a plurality of bearings are combined is known. However, since the structure is complicated, the equipment cost increases. Moreover, when manufacturing a processing unit and a floating unit (floating mechanism) separately and combining both units, the adjustment | strict adjustment for synchronizing both units at the stage before a process is required, and a man-hour generate | occur | produces. For this reason, simplification of the structure of the floating unit (floating mechanism) has been desired.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-294811

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a processing apparatus that has a simple structure and is inexpensive.

In order to solve the above problems, a processing apparatus of the present invention is configured integrally with a processing means having a cutting tool and an air motor for driving the cutting tool, a support means for operably supporting the processing means, and the processing means. are, see contains a floating mechanism for floating relative to the support means said processing means by utilizing the exhaust air discharged from the air motor, the floating mechanism is a bracket that is fixed to one end of said processing means And a space surrounded by the bracket and the support means, and exhaust introduction means for introducing exhaust air exhausted from the air motor into the space, the bracket being provided at a peripheral edge of one end of the processing means A base portion fixed to the mounting surface of the mounting flange and a support surface of the base portion facing the support means, and about an axis of the processing means An outer peripheral side wall portion and an inner peripheral side wall portion formed in a shape, and the space is formed by bringing the end surface of the outer peripheral side wall portion and the end surface of the inner peripheral side wall portion of the bracket into close contact with the support means. It is an annular air chamber formed between the bracket and the support means .

(Aspect of the Invention)
In the following, aspects of the invention that is recognized as being capable of being claimed in the present application (hereinafter referred to as claimable invention) will be exemplified, and each exemplified aspect will be described. Here, as in the claims, each aspect is divided into paragraphs, numbers are assigned to the respective paragraphs, and the descriptions of other paragraphs are cited as necessary. This is for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the claimable invention, and is not intended to limit the combination of the constituent elements constituting the claimable invention to those described in the following sections. In other words, the claimable invention should be construed in consideration of the description accompanying each section, the description of the embodiment, etc., and as long as the interpretation is followed, another aspect is added to the aspect of each section. Moreover, the aspect which deleted the component from the aspect of each term can also be one aspect of the claimable invention.
In the following items, each of the items (1) to ( 2 ) corresponds to each of claims 1 to 4 described in the claims.

(1) A processing means having a cutting tool and an air motor for driving the cutting tool, a support means for operably supporting the processing means, and a processing means that is formed integrally with the processing means and that uses exhaust air discharged from the air motor. only contains a floating mechanism for floating, against the support means, the floating mechanism includes a bracket fixed to one end of the processing means, a space surrounded by the bracket and the support means, is discharged from the air motor to the space And an exhaust introduction means for introducing exhaust air, and the bracket is erected on a surface opposite to the base supporting means of the mounting flange provided on the peripheral edge of the one end of the processing means and the support means of the base An outer peripheral side wall and an inner peripheral side wall formed in an annular shape around the axis of the processing means, and the space includes an end surface of the outer peripheral side wall of the bracket and an end surface of the inner peripheral side wall. Processing apparatus is an air chamber annulus formed between the bracket and the support means are contacted by the support means.
According to the machining apparatus described in this section, since the floating mechanism is configured integrally with the machining means, the floating mechanism can follow the movement of the machining means due to the reaction force input from the workpiece to the cutting tool during machining. . Thereby, the adjustment for synchronizing the processing means and the floating mechanism performed in the previous stage of processing can be simplified, and the number of man-hours can be reduced.
In addition, since the floating mechanism is configured to float the processing means using the exhaust air of the air motor, the structure can be simplified when compared with a floating mechanism configured by combining a plurality of bearings, for example. It is possible and the equipment cost can be reduced.
Furthermore, since the floating mechanism effectively uses the energy of the exhaust air of the air motor that has been released to the atmosphere, the energy efficiency of the processing apparatus can be improved.
Exhaust air from the air motor is introduced into the space surrounded by the bracket and the support means (hereinafter referred to as an air chamber) by the exhaust introduction means. Thereby, the internal pressure of the air chamber becomes higher than the atmospheric pressure, and when the internal pressure of the air chamber increases to a certain level, the processing means and the floating mechanism are slightly lifted with respect to the support means by the internal pressure of the air chamber. As a result, the exhaust air introduced into the air chamber is discharged into the atmosphere through a slight gap formed between the bracket and the support means. In this state, since the contact surface pressure between the bracket and the supporting means is reduced, the processing device and the bracket (hereinafter referred to as a processing unit) are supported by the reaction force input from the workpiece to the cutting tool during processing. For example, when the cutting tool is a chamfering tool, the chamfering tool can be centered with respect to the hole to be processed.
The surface of the bracket base that faces the support means, that is, the surface of the bracket base that is in close contact with the mounting flange of the processing means (the upper surface of the bracket base) (the lower surface of the bracket base) An annular groove is formed between the outer peripheral side wall and the inner peripheral side wall. The air chamber is configured by bringing the end surface of the outer peripheral side wall portion and the end surface of the inner peripheral side wall portion of the bracket into close contact with the support means, and closing the annular opening of the groove portion of the bracket by the support means.
Then, on the bottom surface of the groove portion (the lower surface of the bracket) provided on the lower surface of the base portion of the bracket and formed between the outer peripheral side wall portion and the inner peripheral side wall portion, the bracket and the mounting flange of the processing means are axially ( An exhaust introduction hole through which the air motor exhaust air is introduced into the air chamber is opened. The exhaust introduction holes can be arranged as necessary. For example, four exhaust introduction holes can be arranged at equal intervals (90 ° intervals) in the circumferential direction.

( 2 ) The processing device according to (2) or ( 1 ), wherein the bracket has an abutting member that abuts against the support means by a reaction force during processing.
According to the processing apparatus described in this section, it is possible to apply a processing force from the cutting tool to the workpiece by bringing the contact member into contact with the support means by a reaction force during processing. In this case, for example, a cylindrical boss portion extending through the support means from the lower surface of the base portion of the bracket is provided integrally with the base portion of the bracket, and the contact member attached to the lower end portion of the boss portion is supported by the support means. By making it contact | abut to, a processing force can be provided to a workpiece from a blade tool.

( 3 ) The processing apparatus according to any one of ( 1 ) to ( 2 ), including restriction means for restricting relative movement between the bracket and the support means.
According to the processing apparatus described in this section, the restricting means supports, for example, at least one pin member (parallel pin or the like) standing on the lower surface of the base portion of the bracket and supports the protruding portion of each pin member. It can comprise by engaging with each opposing regulation hole provided in the means. In this case, by setting the outer diameter of the pin member of the restricting means and the inner diameter of the restricting hole as appropriate, the allowable relative movement amount between the bracket, and thus the processing means and the supporting means, is set (restricted). Can do.

( 4 ) The processing device according to (1) to ( 3 ), wherein the support means includes a support member that supports the processing means, and a general-purpose machine that can operate the support member at least in the vertical direction.
According to the processing apparatus described in this section, since the support member, and thus the processing means can be operated (moved) by the general-purpose machine, the existing equipment can be used effectively, and the equipment cost can be reduced. It becomes possible to keep it low. Further, for example, by manually attaching a support member to a drilling machine in which the drill unit is raised and lowered, the processing apparatus described in this section can be applied to a manual process.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a processing apparatus that has a simple structure and is inexpensive.

It is a front view which shows a part of processing apparatus concerning this embodiment in a section, and is a figure showing a stop state especially. It is a front view which shows a part of processing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment in a cross section, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state by which operating air was supplied to the air motor especially from the stop state of FIG. It is a front view which shows a part of processing apparatus concerning this embodiment in a section, and is a figure showing a processing state especially. It is a bottom view of the bracket of this embodiment. It is a top view of the bracket of this embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the control means of this embodiment.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Hereinafter, the processing apparatus 1 provided with the spindle unit 2 (processing means) will be described. In this embodiment, a commercially available typical spindle unit 2 in which the spindle is rotationally driven by the air motor 3 is used. Here, in order to simplify the description, the description of the detailed structure of the spindle unit 2 is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the processing apparatus 1 includes a spindle unit 2, a support arm 4 (support means) that supports the spindle unit 2, and a floating mechanism 5 that floats the spindle unit 2 with respect to the support arm 4. ,including. The spindle unit 2 includes a bottomed cylindrical casing 6 and a mounting flange 7 provided at an opening end (lower side in FIG. 1) of the casing 6. An air supply port 8 and an exhaust port 9 of the air motor 3 are disposed at the bottom of the casing 6. Further, the casing 6 accommodates a spindle on which a cutting tool (in this embodiment, the chamfering tool 10) can be mounted at the tip.

  The floating mechanism 5 has a bracket 11 attached to the attachment flange 7 of the spindle unit 2. The bracket 11 includes a substantially disk-shaped base 12 having the same outer diameter as the mounting flange 7, and a lower surface 12 a of the base 12, that is, a surface to be brought into close contact with the mounting flange 7 of the spindle unit 2. It includes a cylindrical boss portion 13 provided on the surface opposite to the upper surface 12b) and disposed coaxially with the axis of the bracket 11, and thus with respect to the axis of the spindle unit 2. A screw portion 18 for mounting a contact member 29 described later is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion (lower end portion in FIG. 1) of the boss portion 13.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the bracket 11 includes an annular outer peripheral side wall 14 having a predetermined height H1 (see FIG. 6) provided on the outer peripheral edge of the lower surface 12 a of the base 12, and the outer peripheral side wall 14. And an annular inner peripheral side wall 15 having the same height H1 as the outer peripheral side wall 14 disposed between the boss 13 and the outer peripheral side wall 14. As a result, an annular groove 16 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the lower surface 12 a of the base 12 of the bracket 11. Further, in the center of the base portion 12 of the bracket 11, a cutting tool insertion hole 17 for inserting the shaft of the chamfering tool 10 is provided. The blade insertion hole 17 is formed continuously on the inner peripheral surface of the boss portion 13 and can be processed simultaneously with the inner peripheral surface of the boss 13.

  A plurality (four in this embodiment) of bolts for inserting bolts for fixing the casing 6 (spindle unit 2) are inserted into the mounting flange 7 of the spindle unit 2 used in this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of screw holes 19 are provided on the upper surface 12 b of the base portion 12 of the bracket 11 so as to face each bolt insertion hole. Then, the mounting flange 7 of the spindle unit 2 and the bracket 11 are overlapped, and the bolts inserted into the bolt insertion holes are screwed into the respective screw holes 19 to be tightened, whereby the bracket 11 is fastened. 2 can be fixed to the mounting flange 7.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the support arm 4 (support means) is configured by a plate that extends horizontally and has a width (dimension in the depth direction in FIG. 1) that is larger than the outer diameter of the base 12 of the bracket 11. The base end portion (right end portion in FIG. 1) of the support arm 4 is a general-purpose automatic feeding device (support means) of at least one axis capable of operating (moving) the support arm 4 at least in the vertical direction. It is attached. A boss portion insertion hole 20 through which the boss portion 13 of the bracket 11 is inserted is provided at the distal end portion (left end portion in FIG. 1) of the support arm 4. The inner diameter of the boss portion insertion hole 20 sets a clearance S1 with the boss portion 13 in consideration of an allowable misalignment amount capable of centering the chamfering tool 10 and the hole 22 of the workpiece 21 to be processed. Can be determined.

  The floating mechanism 5 inserts the boss portion 13 of the bracket 11 into the boss portion insertion hole 20 of the support arm 4, so that the end surface 14 a (see FIG. 4) of the outer peripheral side wall portion 14 of the bracket 11 and the end surface of the inner peripheral side wall portion 15. 15 a (see FIG. 4) is brought into close contact with the upper surface 4 b of the support arm 4 to have an air chamber 23 (space) formed between the bracket 11 and the support arm 4. The air chamber 23 is an annular space having a height H1 surrounded by the groove 16 and the upper surface 4b of the support arm 4.

  The floating mechanism 5 includes a plurality (four in this embodiment) of exhaust introduction holes 24 (exhaust introduction means) for introducing the exhaust air of the air motor 3 discharged from the exhaust port 9 into the air chamber 23. Each exhaust introduction hole 24 has one end opened to the annular surface 7a of the mounting flange 7 of the spindle unit 2 and the other end opened to the bottom surface of the groove 16 of the bracket 11 (see FIG. 4). The flange 7 and the base portion 12 of the bracket 11 are penetrated in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1). The exhaust side air tube 25 connected to the exhaust port 9 of the air motor 3 is branched into four, and each branched air tube 25 is connected to each port 26 provided at one end of each exhaust introduction hole 24. .

  The floating mechanism 5 has a restricting means for restricting relative movement of the bracket 11, by extension, the spindle unit 2 and the support arm 4 in the horizontal direction (direction perpendicular to the axis). As shown in FIG. 6, the restricting means includes a pin member 27 erected on the bottom surface 16 a of the groove portion 16 formed on the lower surface 12 a of the base portion 12 of the bracket 11, and a pin provided on the upper surface 4 b of the support arm 4. And a restriction hole 28 with which the protruding portion of the member 27 is engaged. The pin member 27 protrudes from the bottom surface 16a of the groove portion 16 by a height H2, and this height H2 is greater than the depth of the groove portion 16, that is, the height H1 of the outer peripheral side wall portion 14 and the inner peripheral side wall portion 15. Is also set high (H2> H1). Further, the inner diameter of the restriction hole 28 can be determined with respect to the outer diameter of the pin member 27 based on the gap S1 between the boss part 13 and the boss part insertion hole 20 described above. Further, the restricting means can be constituted by a plurality of pin members 27 and restricting holes 28 opposed to the pin members 27.

  The floating mechanism 5 includes an annular contact member 29 attached to the boss portion 13 of the bracket 11. A screw hole 30 is provided in the inner peripheral part of the contact member 29, and the screw hole 30 is screwed into the screw part 18 of the boss part 13 to be inserted into the boss part insertion hole 20 of the support arm 4. The abutting member 29 can be attached to the tip of the boss 13. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, at the time of machining (at the time of chamfering), the chamfering tool 10 is pressed against the workpiece 21 by bringing the upper surface 29 a of the abutting member 29 into contact with the lower surface 4 a of the support arm 4. That is, a machining force in the axial direction can be generated.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. In the attached drawings, the gaps between the members are exaggerated for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the description.
FIG. 1 shows a state in which the workpiece 21 in which the hole 22 has been processed in the previous process is set in the processing apparatus 1. In this state, in many cases, due to the positioning accuracy of the processing device 1 and the accuracy of the drilling device in the previous process, the spindle unit 2 (processing means), and thus the chamfering tool 10 (cutting tool), It is misaligned with respect to 21 holes 22.

  In this state, when the machining start button of the machining apparatus 1 is operated, the working air is supplied from the air supply source to the air motor 3 of the spindle unit 2 via the air supply side air tube 31. After being used to rotate the spindle, the air is exhausted from the exhaust port 9 of the air motor 3. This exhaust air is introduced into the air chamber 23 (space) formed between the bracket 11 and the support arm 4 (support means) via the branched exhaust side air tube 25 and each exhaust introduction hole 24. .

  In this state, as shown in FIG. 2, air (exhaust air) in the air chamber 23 is released into the atmosphere from between the end surface 14 a of the outer peripheral side wall 14 and the upper surface 4 b of the support arm 4, and The lower surface 4a of the support arm 4 and the upper surface 29a of the abutting member 29 are connected between the end surface 15a of the peripheral side wall portion 15 and the upper surface 4b of the support arm 4 and between the boss portion 13 and the boss portion insertion hole 20. The air chamber 23 is maintained at a substantially constant pressure by being discharged into the atmosphere from the space between the two, so that the spindle unit 2 integrated with the bracket 11 can float on the support arm 4, that is, the horizontal component. When the external force is inputted, it can move in the horizontal direction with respect to the support arm 4 within the range regulated by the regulating means.

  When the support arm 4 is lowered in this state, the chamfering tool 10 is out of center with respect to the hole 22, so that the chamfering tool 10 comes into contact with a part of the periphery of the hole 22 (point contact). Thereby, a force F1 in the centering direction, that is, the direction in which the axis approaches the center line of the hole 22 is applied to the chamfering tool 10, and the spindle unit 2 and, consequently, the chamfering tool 10 are moved by this force F1. Then, it moves in the centering direction and is centered with respect to the hole 22. When the support arm 4 is further lowered in this state, as shown in FIG. 3, the support arm 4 comes into contact with the bracket 11, whereby the chamfering tool 10 is pressed against the workpiece 21 (hole 22), and the axis line A machining force F2 in the direction (downward in FIG. 3) is generated.

  3, the gap between the end surface 14a of the outer peripheral side wall portion 14 and the upper surface 4b of the support arm 4 is larger than that at the time of centering shown in FIG. The back pressure acting on the exhaust port 9 is reduced, and the exhaust of the air motor 3 is improved. Thereby, the processing capability of the air motor 3 and, in turn, the spindle unit 2 can be ensured.

This embodiment has the following effects.
According to the present embodiment, since the spindle unit 2 (processing means) and the floating mechanism 5 are integrally formed, the spindle unit 2 and the floating mechanism 5 that have been conventionally performed at the stage before processing are synchronized. Adjustment can be abolished or simplified, and man-hours can be reduced.
Further, since the floating mechanism 5 is configured to float the spindle unit 2 using the exhaust air of the air motor 3, for example, compared with a complicated mechanism of the prior art configured by combining a plurality of bearings, The structure can be simplified, and as a result, the equipment cost can be reduced.
And since the floating mechanism 5 uses effectively the energy which the exhaust air of the air motor 3 currently discharged | emitted in air | atmosphere, the energy efficiency of the processing apparatus 1 can be improved.

Moreover, according to this embodiment, since it can apply to the apparatus which has the structure which moves the support arm 4 (support means) up and down, it can be applied to the existing equipment and is very versatile. Furthermore, it can be easily applied to manual devices such as a drilling machine, and can be widely applied to manual processes.
In the present embodiment, the aspect in which the chamfering tool 10 is mounted as a cutting tool on the spindle of the spindle unit 2 has been described, but the cutting tool is not intended to be limited to this.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing apparatus, 2 Spindle unit (processing means), 3 Air motor, 4 Support arm (support means), 5 Floating mechanism, 7 Mounting flange, 10 Chamfering tool (cutting tool), 11 Bracket, 12 Base part, 13 Boss part, 14 Outer peripheral side wall, 15 Inner peripheral side wall, 23 Air chamber (space), 29 Contact member

Claims (2)

Processing means having a blade and an air motor for driving the blade;
Support means for operably supporting the processing means;
A floating mechanism configured integrally with the processing means and floating the processing means with respect to the support means using exhaust air discharged from the air motor;
Only including,
The floating mechanism is
A bracket fixed to one end of the processing means;
A space surrounded by the bracket and the support means;
Exhaust introduction means for introducing exhaust air exhausted from the air motor into the space;
Including
The bracket is
A base portion fixed to a mounting surface of a mounting flange provided at a peripheral edge of the one end portion of the processing means, and a support surface of the base portion facing the support means, and is formed in an annular shape around an axis of the processing means. An outer peripheral side wall and an inner peripheral side wall,
The space is
It is an annular air chamber formed between the bracket and the support means by bringing the end face of the outer peripheral side wall part and the end face of the inner peripheral side wall part of the bracket into close contact with the support means. Processing equipment. The bracket is
The processing apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising an abutting member that abuts on the support means by a reaction force during processing.

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