JP5737393B2 - Oil composition for chocolate - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a non-tempering type hard butter and chocolates using the same.

  Fats and oils (hard butter in a broad sense including cocoa butter) used for chocolates are roughly classified into two types, tempering type and non-tempering type, depending on the necessity of tempering when producing chocolate. Tempering type hard butter is characterized in that its main triglyceride component, like cocoa butter, is composed of 1,3-saturated-2-unsaturated triglyceride, has a sharp and good meltability, and can be replaced with cocoa butter arbitrarily. However, it has a polymorphic phenomenon, so it needs to be tempered and its usage is limited.

  Non-tempering type hard butter is roughly divided into lauric acid type and trans acid type. Lauric acid type is the main constituent fatty acid, and lauric acid type has the same sharp and good mouth melt as tempering type, but generates soapy flavor. There are risks. On the other hand, the trans acid type is mainly composed of trans acid type unsaturated fatty acid obtained by isomerizing and curing liquid fats and oils in the presence of a catalyst such as a curing catalyst and a sulfur-containing compound or poisoning catalyst. Compared to, sharpness and flavor of melting in the mouth are inferior.

  In recent years, many nutritional and physiological knowledge about various fatty acids has been revealed. For example, when excessive intake of fats and oils rich in saturated fatty acids and trans acids is found, research results have been shown to increase the risk of heart disease such as arteriosclerosis. There is a need for hard butters of the type that are reduced or substantially free of trans acids.

In response to the above demand, lauric acid type non-tempering type hard butter has an advantage that it does not substantially contain trans acid, but has a problem that it contains a saturated fatty acid content of 95% by weight or more. Therefore, in order to reduce the ratio of the saturated fatty acid, transesterified oils of lauric oil and palm oil have been proposed. The above-mentioned lauric fats and oils are fats and oils rich in lauric acid such as coconut oil and palm kernel oil, and include at least one or more of these fats and oils, fractionated fats and oils of these fats and oils. On the other hand, palm oil and fat includes one or more of palm oil, palm oil fractionated oil and fat, and hardened oil and fat.

  Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose non-trans non-tempering type fats and oils for chocolate, in which a small amount of emulsifier under specific conditions, extremely hardened oil of palm oil, or the like is mixed with transesterified oil of lauric fat and palm fat. However, such fats and oils are intended to improve the solidification rate when used in coated chocolate, and saturated fatty acids are only slightly reduced as compared with lauric acid-type non-tempering types, which is not sufficient. Patent Document 3 discloses an oil / fat composition in which a transesterified oil of palm-based fats and oils, a palm-based fat / oil, and a laurin-based transesterified fat / oil are blended. I can't say that.

JP 2010-142152 A JP 2010-142153 A Published patent WO2009-116396

  The present invention provides a non-tempering type hard butter which is substantially free of trans acid and has a reduced saturated fatty acid compared to a conventional lauric acid type non-tempering type hard butter, and a method for producing chocolate and chocolate using the same. Is an issue.

  As a result of intensive research, the present inventors have found that in the transesterified oil of lauric fat and palm fat, the ratio of saturated fatty acid decreases as the proportion of palm fat increases, but on the contrary, it is sharp and good. We found that mouthfeel deteriorated, especially the feeling of waxiness when it was made into chocolate, and it was necessary to achieve both reduction of saturated fatty acids and mouthfeel.

  Furthermore, as a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have caused the deterioration of mouthfeel and waxy feeling of transesterified oils of lauric fats and palm fats and oils by the S3 type triglyceride (trisaturated triglyceride) which is a high melting point component. As a result, SSO type triglyceride (1,2-disaturated-3 oleic acid triglyceride or 2,3-disaturated-1 oleic acid triglyceride) is mainly used in this transesterified oil, and S3 type triglyceride is sufficiently reduced. By blending the oils and fats found, it is possible to achieve both reduction of saturated fatty acids and mouthfeel, and it is found that fats and oils that can solve the above problems are obtained, and surprisingly it is found that bloom resistance can be improved, The present invention has been completed.

That is, the first of the present invention includes the fat A and the fat B, the total amount of the fat A and the fat B is 70% by weight or more, and the weight ratio of the fat A and the fat B (oil A / fat B) is 0. 5 to 20% by weight of SSO type triglyceride (1,2-disaturated-3 oleic acid triglyceride or 2,3-disaturated-1 oleic acid triglyceride) and 11% by weight or less Oil composition for chocolate containing S3-type triglyceride (tri-saturated triglyceride). However, S represents palmitic acid and stearic acid, and O represents oleic acid.
The fat / oil A is a transesterified oil in which lauric acid in the constituent fatty acid is 10% to 50% by weight and the sum of palmitic acid and stearic acid is 20% to 60% by weight.
The fats and oils B include 25% by weight or more of SSO type triglycerides and 15% by weight or less of S3 type triglycerides obtained from the step of removing the high melting point component or the high melting point component and the low melting point component by separation after transesterifying the raw material fats and oils. It contains fats and oils.
The second is the fat composition for chocolate according to the first aspect, wherein the weight ratio of palmitic acid / stearic acid among the constituent fatty acids of the fat B is 1 or more.
Third, the solid fat content is 15% or more at 30 ° C. and 10% or less at 40 ° C., the saturated fatty acid in the constituent fatty acid is 90% by weight or less, and the trans fatty acid is 5% by weight or less. It is a certain fat composition for chocolate according to the first or second aspect.
4th is any one of 1 to 3 from which the raw material fat of fat A is 2 or more types of vegetable fats and oils chosen from palm kernel oil, palm oil, palm oil, cottonseed oil, those fractionated oils, and those hardened oils 1 is a fat composition for chocolate according to 1.
5th is the fat composition for chocolate according to any one of 1 to 4, wherein the raw material fat of the fat B is one or more vegetable fats and oils selected from palm oil, cottonseed oil, fractionated oils thereof, and cured oils thereof. It is a thing.
6th is the chocolate which uses the oil-fat composition for chocolate of any one of 1st-5th.
7th is the manufacturing method of the chocolate which uses 20 to 70weight% of the fats and oils composition for chocolate of any one of 1st-5th with respect to the whole chocolate.

By blending fats and oils rich in SSO triglycerides and transesterified oils containing lauric acid, non-tempering type hard butters that are substantially free of trans acids, have reduced saturated fatty acids, and have excellent mouthfeel and bloom resistance, and It was possible to provide chocolate using it.

The fat composition for chocolate of the present invention contains fat A and fat B, and the total amount of fat A and fat B needs to be 70% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more, and more preferably. It is 90 to 100% by weight, and most preferably 95 to 100% by weight. Furthermore, the weight ratio of fats and oils A and fats and oils B (fat and fat A / fat and fats B) must be 0.5 to 20, preferably 0.8 to 9, and more preferably 1 to 4. If the weight ratio is less than 0.5, the hardness as hard butter will be insufficient, and if it is more than 20, the saturated fatty acid will not be reduced sufficiently, which is not preferable.
The fat composition for chocolate of the present invention needs to contain 5 to 30% by weight of SSO type triglyceride, preferably 10 to 25% by weight. If the SSO type triglyceride is less than 5% by weight, the saturated fatty acid is not sufficiently reduced, and if it is more than 30% by weight, the hardness as a hard butter becomes insufficient.
The fat composition for chocolate of the present invention needs to contain 11% by weight or less of S3 type triglyceride, and preferably 9% by weight or less. If the S3 type triglyceride exceeds 11 weights, the mouthfeel as chocolate will be lowered, resulting in a so-called waxy texture.

  The fat A constituting the fat composition for chocolate of the present invention needs to contain 10% to 50% by weight of lauric acid in the constituent fatty acid, and preferably 20% to 40% by weight. The total of palmitic acid and stearic acid needs to be 20% to 60% by weight, and preferably 30% to 50% by weight. If the content of lauric acid is less than 10% by weight and the sum of palmitic acid and stearic acid exceeds 60% by weight, the crispness as chocolate is lowered, resulting in a so-called waxy texture. If lauric acid exceeds 50% by weight and the sum of palmitic acid and stearic acid is less than 20% by weight, the hardness as a hard butter is not sufficient, and saturated fatty acids are not sufficiently reduced.

  Raw oils and fats for fats A and B include lauric oils such as palm kernel oil and palm oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, rice bran oil, corn oil, safflower oil, olive oil, kapok oil Non-lauric vegetable oils such as sesame oil, evening primrose oil, palm oil, shea fat, monkey fat, iripe fat, and animal fats such as milk fat, beef tallow, pork fat, etc. Alternatively, mixed oils, their hardened and / or fractionated oils, or transesterified oils can be used.

  In the transesterification step for obtaining the fat A or fat B constituting the fat composition for chocolate of the present invention, only the fatty acid binding to the 1st and 3rd positions of the triglyceride is specifically exchanged using an enzyme (lipase). A method (random transesterification) is classified into a method (random transesterification), and a method of random exchange (random transesterification) regardless of the binding position using an enzyme or a metal catalyst (eg, sodium methylate). The transesterification in the present invention is preferably the latter random transesterification. This is because random transesterification, which produces more types of triglycerides, is superior in long-term quality stability in non-tempered chocolate.

  The fractionation step for obtaining the fats and oils B can be obtained by removing the high melting point component or the low melting point component and the high melting point component by a fractionation method such as solvent fractionation or dry fractionation. By appropriately adjusting the separation conditions according to the composition of the fat before separation, an oil containing 25% by weight or more of SSO type triglyceride and 15% by weight or less of S3 type triglyceride can be easily obtained.

  The fat B in the present invention preferably has a palmitic acid / stearic acid weight ratio of 1 or more among its constituent fatty acids, and if it is less than 1, there is a problem that the melting of the chocolate is reduced.

The solid fat content (SFC) of the fat and oil composition for chocolate of the present invention is preferably 15% or more at 30 ° C and 10% or less at 40 ° C. More preferably, it is 25% or more at 30 ° C. or 5% or less at 40 ° C. If it is less than 15% at 30 ° C., it is difficult to obtain a preferable texture as chocolate in which the bitter stock is hard and melts quickly. Moreover, if it exceeds 10% at 40 degreeC, a mouth-feeling will fall and it will become what is called a waxy food texture. The SFC value is measured according to AOCS official method cd16b-93 (direct method).
On the other hand, the saturated fatty acid in the constituent fatty acids of the fat composition for chocolate of the present invention is preferably 90% by weight or less, more preferably 85% by weight or less. This saturated fatty acid content is greatly reduced from 95% by weight or more of lauric acid type hard butter. The trans fatty acid is preferably 5% by weight or less.

The content of SSO type triglyceride was analyzed by triglyceride composition analysis by high performance liquid chromatograph as shown below. The SSO type triglyceride content was calculated by measuring the ratio of SOS type to SSO type triglyceride in S2O by the symmetric and asymmetric type triglyceride composition analysis by the thin layer chromatograph as shown below. .
On the other hand, the content of S3 type triglyceride was analyzed by triglyceride composition analysis by high performance liquid chromatograph as shown below. Stearoyl glyceride) was added as S3 content.

<Measurement method> (1) Triglyceride composition; high performance liquid chromatograph (column: ODS, eluent: acetone / acetonitrile = 80/20, liquid volume: 0.9 ml / min, column temperature: 25 ° C., detector: differential refraction ). (2) Symmetric and asymmetrical triglyceride composition: thin layer chromatograph (plate: silver nitrate thin layer plate, developing solvent: benzene / hexane / diethyl ether = 75/25/2, detector: densitometer)

In the fats and oils composition for chocolate of this invention, as long as the effect of this invention is not inhibited, you may contain fats and oils other than fats and oils A and B.
As said other fats and oils, when palm oil middle melting | fusing point fats and oils are included, it is suitable at the point of the mouth as chocolate. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in content of the melting | fusing point part fat in palm oil, Usually, as a total amount, it is less than 30 weight% with respect to the total weight of a fat composition, Preferably it is less than 20 weight%, Especially preferably. Is less than 10% by weight, most preferably less than 5% by weight.

Moreover, when the fats and oils of melting point 45 degreeC or more are included as said other fats and oils, it is suitable at the point which improves the solidification rate as chocolate. Examples of fats and oils having a melting point of 45 ° C. or higher include highly hardened rapeseed oil of high erucic acid, extremely hardened oil of palm oil, and palm stearin.
The content of fats and oils having a melting point of 45 ° C. or higher is not particularly limited, but usually, the total amount is less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight, particularly preferably based on the total weight of the fat and oil composition Is less than 3% by weight.

Arbitrary components, such as a coloring agent, an emulsifier, antioxidant, a fragrance | flavor, etc. which are used for the normal confectionery use can be suitably added to the oil-fat composition for chocolates of this invention. These addition amount is 20 weight% or less with respect to the fats and oils composition for chocolates of this invention, Preferably it is 10 weight% or less.
Examples of the emulsifier include glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerin organic acid fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, and lecithin.

The fat composition for chocolate of the present invention obtained as described above can be used alone or in combination with cocoa butter as a fat for chocolate, and the chocolate can be produced by omitting the tempering treatment. . In addition, chocolate here is not limited by the provisions ("Fair provisions concerning the display of chocolates") or legal provisions, but sweet chocolate, milk chocolate, semi-sweet chocolate, semi-milk chocolate, white chocolate Alternatively, color chocolate such as strawberry and various chocolate-like foods are included.
20-70 weight% of the fats and oils composition for chocolates of this invention can be used with respect to these chocolates.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. In the examples,% and part mean weight basis.

(Experimental example 1) Preparation of fats and oils A raw material fat mixed with 40 parts of two-stage fractionated palm stearin (iodine number 12) and 60 parts of palm kernel stearin (iodine number 7), 0.3 parts of metal catalyst (sodium methoxide) And random transesterification was carried out at 80 ° C. for 60 minutes under vacuum. The obtained fats and oils were refined according to a conventional method to obtain fats and oils A.
Of the constituent fatty acids of fat A, lauric acid was 32% by weight, and the sum of palmitic acid and stearic acid was 42% by weight.

(Experimental example 2) Preparation of fats and oils B-1 Palm stearin (iodine value 31) was added to raw material fats and oils 0.3 parts of metal catalyst (sodium methoxide), and was subjected to random transesterification at 80 ° C for 60 minutes under vacuum. After refine | purifying the obtained fats and oils according to a conventional method, the high melting-point component and the low melting-point component were removed by acetone fractionation, and it refine | purified according to a usual method, and obtained fats and oils B-1.
The ratio of palmitic acid / stearic acid among the constituent fatty acids of Fat B-1 was 9.7.

(Experimental example 3)
Palm stearin (iodine value 31) was added to a raw material oil and fat with 0.3 part of a metal catalyst (sodium methoxide), and random transesterification was performed at 80 ° C. for 60 minutes under vacuum. The obtained fats and oils were purified according to a conventional method.

Example 1
The fats and oils of Example 1 were mixed with 65 parts of fats and oils A and 35 parts of fats and oils B-1.
(Example 2)
The fats and oils of Example 2 were mixed with 90 parts of fats and oils A and 10 parts of fats and oils B-1.
(Example 3)
40 parts of fats and oils A and 60 parts of fats and oils B-1 were mixed to obtain the fats and oils of Example 3.
Example 4
The fats and oils of Example 4 were mixed with 75 parts of fats and oils A and 25 parts of fats and oils B-1.
(Comparative Example 1)
Oil A was used as the oil of Comparative Example 1.
(Comparative Example 2)
The oil / fat of Comparative Example 2 was prepared by mixing 65 parts of the oil / fat A and 35 parts of the oil / fat obtained in Experimental Example 3.

(Comparative Example 3)
The saturated fatty acid content of “PARKENA H” (manufactured by Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.), which is a lauric acid type non-tempering type hard butter, was 99.9%, and the trans acid content was 0.0%.
(Comparative Example 4)
“Merano H1000” (manufactured by Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.), which is a trans acid type non-tempering type hard butter, had a saturated fatty acid content of 39.5% and a trans acid content of 43.0%.

(Example 5)
Chocolate dough was prepared according to a conventional method using 10 parts of cocoa powder, 20 parts of nonfat dry milk, 40 parts of sugar, 30 parts of fat and oil of Example 4 and 0.4 part of lecithin. Furthermore, this chocolate dough was poured into a mold at a temperature (50 ° C.) at which the fats and oils were melted, and cooled and solidified at 5 ° C. The solidified chocolate is aged at 20 ° C for 1 week (aging), then a thermostat that can hold 17 ° C for 10 hours and 28 ° C for 10 hours a day (2 hours to change the temperature from 17 ° C to 28 ° C, the same) (2 hours to change from 28 ° C. to 17 ° C.) and a cycle test was conducted, and the surface condition of the chocolate after 2 weeks was confirmed by visual observation, but the gloss remained and was in a good state.

(Comparative Example 5)
A chocolate preparation and a cycle test were conducted in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the fats and oils of Comparative Example 1 were used instead of the fats and oils of Example 4 as the raw material fats and oils of the chocolate dough. Bloom has already appeared.

(Experimental example 4) Preparation of fats and oils B-2
Add 0.3 parts of metal catalyst (sodium methoxide) to raw oil / fat mixed with 40 parts of palm oil (iodine number 52), 35 parts of two-stage fractionated palm stearin (iodine number 12) and shea fat (iodine number 58) 25 parts And random transesterification at 80 ° C. for 60 minutes under vacuum. The obtained fats and oils were subjected to two-stage fractionation using acetone, and the obtained middle melting point fraction was purified according to a conventional method to obtain fats and oils B-2.
The ratio of palmitic acid / stearic acid among the constituent fatty acids of Fat B-2 was 3.3.

(Experimental example 5) Preparation of palm oil middle-melting part fats and oils Dry three-stage fractionation was performed from palm oil to obtain palm oil middle-melting part fats and oils. The iodine value was 34.
(Example 6)
The fats and oils of Example 6 were mixed with 61 parts of fats and oils A, 31 parts of fats and oils B-2, and 8 parts of fats and oils of Experimental Example 5.

(Example 7)
Preparation of chocolate and cycle test were performed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the fats and oils of Example 6 were used instead of the fats and oils of Example 4 as raw material fats and oils for chocolate dough. As in Example 5, the gloss remained and was in a good state.

Table 1 shows the analysis values of each oil and fat.
<Table 1>

The present invention relates to a non-tempering type hard butter that is substantially free of trans acid, has a reduced saturated fatty acid, and has excellent mouthfeel and bloom resistance, and to chocolates using the same.

Claims (7)

Fat and oil A and fat B are included, the total amount of fat A and fat B is 70% by weight or more, and the ratio of fat A and fat B (fat A / fat B) is 0.5 to 20, and 5% by weight. To 30% by weight of SSO type triglyceride (1,2-disaturated-3 oleic acid triglyceride or 2,3-disaturated-1 oleic acid triglyceride) and 11% by weight or less of S3 type triglyceride (trisaturated triglyceride) Oil composition for chocolate. However, S represents palmitic acid or stearic acid, and O represents oleic acid.
The fat / oil A is a transesterified oil in which lauric acid in the constituent fatty acid is 10% to 50% by weight and the sum of palmitic acid and stearic acid is 20% to 60% by weight.
The fats and oils B include 25% by weight or more of SSO type triglycerides and 15% by weight or less of S3 type triglycerides obtained from the step of removing the high melting point component or the high melting point component and the low melting point component by separation after transesterifying the raw material fats and oils. Contains fats and oils. 2. The fat composition for chocolate according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of palmitic acid and stearic acid (palmitic acid / stearic acid) is 1 or more in the constituent fatty acids of fat B. 3. 2. Solid fat content is 15% or more at 30 ° C., 10% or less at 40 ° C., saturated fatty acid in constituent fatty acid is 90% by weight or less, and trans fatty acid is 5% by weight or less. Or the fats and oils composition for chocolates of 2. The raw material fat of fat A is two or more kinds of vegetable fats and oils selected from palm kernel oil, coconut oil, palm oil, cottonseed oil, fractionated oils thereof, and hardened oils thereof. The fats and oils composition for chocolate of description. 5. The chocolate according to claim 1, wherein the raw material fat of the fat B is at least one vegetable fat selected from palm oil, cottonseed oil, shea fat, monkey fat, fractionated oil thereof, and hardened oil thereof. Oil and fat composition. Chocolate which uses the oil-fat composition for chocolate of any one of Claims 1-5. The manufacturing method of the chocolate which uses 20 to 70weight% of the fats and oils composition for chocolate of any one of Claims 1-5 with respect to the whole chocolate.