JP5722589B2 - Method and apparatus for punching hard brittle plate - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for processing a through hole such as a round hole, a long hole, a slot hole (a long and narrow hole such as a groove) penetrating a glass plate or other hard and brittle plate with a rotating grindstone in a plate thickness direction. It is.

  Various portable small electronic devices including a display panel are provided including a mobile phone. A display panel of this type of electronic device is often used in which pixels (display elements) are arranged on a glass substrate. Furthermore, a microphone, a speaker, a camera, and the like are arranged around the display panel. In this type of electronic device, the function, the small size and light weight, and the product design greatly affect the product value. In the past, rectangular display panels were common, but due to the weight reduction and design requirements of electronic devices, various shapes of display panels and slotted holes (through the plate in the thickness direction) There is a demand for a processing machine that can efficiently process such a display panel and can easily cope with a shape change accompanying a design change.

  FIG. 8 is a plan view showing an example of the display panel 4 of the mobile phone, in which a recess 46 is provided at one place on the outer periphery of the rounded quadrilateral, and a round hole 45 and a groove hole 43 that penetrate the plate are provided. Is provided. In the processing of such a display panel, conventionally, dedicated tools have been used for processing the round hole 45 and the slot 43, respectively. That is, the round hole 45 is processed with a grindstone having a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the hole and the revolution radius, and the groove hole 43 is processed with a grindstone having a diameter equal to the groove width. Special tools were used depending on the situation.

  In the processing of the round hole 45, a rotating grindstone having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the hole to be machined is used, the center of rotation of the grindstone is decentered by a distance shorter than the radius of the grindstone, and the grindstone is rotated and revolved while being processed. For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 have proposed. That is, by rotating a rotating grindstone with a radius r around the center axis of the grindstone and revolving around a revolution axis set at a position eccentric from the center axis of the grindstone, a round hole with a radius of r + e is formed. It is to process. Furthermore, in Patent Document 2, a recess is provided at the position of the center of rotation of the tip of the grindstone in the processing of the round hole with the grindstone with rotation and revolution as described above, and communicated with the recess at one location of the tip. It has been proposed to provide a shape with radial grooves.

JP 2005-199619 A JP 2008-155310 A

  Conventionally, devices that process round holes and slots in hard brittle plates such as glass panels for display panels use a dedicated grinding wheel with a diameter corresponding to the hole diameter and groove width as a tool, and the grinding stone is moved linearly or circularly. (Revolution) was used for processing. Therefore, when processing a display panel having a shape as shown in FIG. 8, the outer periphery, the round hole 45, and the groove hole 43 must be processed by different devices, or the grindstone must be replaced for each processing. did not become. In addition, when the diameter of the round hole 45 or the groove width of the groove hole 43 is changed, it must be replaced with a grindstone having a diameter adapted to a new shape, and it takes time to set up for tool replacement. was there.

  In the processing of hard brittle plates, chipping and cracking are likely to occur during processing. Although small chips and cracks can be removed by chamfering, large chips and cracks cannot be removed by chamfering, resulting in a defective product. Particularly in the processing of through-holes and through-grooves, large chips and cracks are likely to occur at the edge on the exit side of the grindstone when the grindstone tip penetrates the material. Such chips and cracks cannot be removed by chamfering, and there is a problem that many defective products are generated.

  The present invention provides a hard brittle plate that prevents the occurrence of large chips and cracks that cannot be removed by subsequent processing when the tip of the grindstone penetrates the hard brittle plate in the drilling of the hard brittle plate. The challenge is to obtain a punching method. Furthermore, the present invention provides an apparatus capable of processing a round hole or a slot having a different size and shape with one grindstone for drilling (hereinafter referred to as “drilling grindstone”). It is an issue.

The punching device according to the present invention includes a holder 12 for holding a hard brittle plate 4, and a work drive motor 11 capable of controlling the rotation angle for driving the holder about an axis O in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the hard brittle plate. A grinding wheel base 22 that can be moved only in one direction orthogonal to the axis O, a feed motor 27 that can control a rotation angle for reciprocating the grinding wheel base in the movement direction, and the axis O on the grinding wheel base. And a grindstone shaft 25b whose reference position can be set to the position of the axis O, a hollow grindstone 3b mounted at the tip of the grindstone shaft, and a grindstone motor that rotates the grindstone shaft 25b. 26b, the shaft feeding device 18 for advancing and retracting at least one of the grindstone shaft 25b and the holder 12 in the axial direction, and the rotation angle of the work drive motor 11 and the rotation angle of the feed motor 27 are controlled in association with each other. And a control vessel 5.

  The hollow grindstone 3b is a grindstone whose basic shape is a cylindrical shape having a tip surface 31 that is ground at the tip (lower end) of a hard brittle plate in the thickness direction, and the diameter of the cylinder is to be processed. The grindstone has a diameter smaller than the diameter of all the round holes 45 and the groove width of the groove holes 43.

The controller 5 is provided with a slot machining means for controlling the rotation angle of the holder 12 as θ or Δθ and the movement amount of the grindstone base 22 as x while maintaining at least the relationship of the following first to third formulas. Yes.
First formula: x = (A + R−r) / cos θ
Second formula: x = (A−R + r) / cos θ
Third equation: x = C cos Δθ + (R−r) cos φ
However, sinφ = CsinΔθ / (R−r)

  In the above formula, A is the distance in the direction orthogonal to the center line of the slot from the axis O of the holder to the center line of the slot 43 to be machined, and C is the axis O of the holder. The distance to the center Q of the arc at the end of the slot to be machined, R is 1/2 the groove width of the slot 43 (groove width is 2R), and r is the radius of the bored grindstone 3b (r <R ), Θ is the rotation angle of the holder from the reference phase when the direction orthogonal to the center line of the slot is the reference phase, and Δθ is the rotation of the holder 12 when the direction of the line segment OQ is the reference phase. The angle, x, is the distance from the axis O to the grindstone central axis.

  In the drilling device of the present invention having a preferred structure, the two grindstones that are parallel to the grinding wheel base 22 in the axial direction and that can set the reference position of the central axis of each grinding wheel to the position of the axial center O are provided. The grindstone 3b is provided with shafts 25a and 25b, and the grindstone 3b is mounted on one of the grindstone shafts, and the outer peripheral processing grindstone 3a for machining the outer periphery of the hard brittle plate on the outer peripheral surface.

  The hollow grindstone 3b is a grindstone having a cylindrical shape with a tip surface 31 that is a grinding surface in a direction perpendicular to the axis. The outer periphery of the tip is a conical surface 33 having a small diameter on the tip side, and a body portion. The drum portion 35 is provided. The distal end surface 31 has a groove-like recess (a relief groove) 32 in the diameter direction in the center.

  The method for punching a hard brittle plate according to the present invention is a method of punching through the inside of a region to be cut through, such as the round hole 45 and the groove hole 43, that is, when the cut grindstone 3b penetrates the hard brittle plate 4. The position of the grindstone shaft 3b on which the drilling grindstone 3b is mounted is set at a position where the outer periphery of the grindstone is not in contact with the edge of the region, and the grindstone 3b is fixed at the position to the hard brittle plate 4 fixed by the holder 12. Advance. This advance operation is performed by either or both of the raising operation of the holder 12 and the lowering operation of the grindstone shaft 25b.

  When the front end surface 31 of the drilling grindstone 3b scrapes the hard brittle plate 4 to a preset depth not penetrating, the rotation angle θ or Δθ of the holder according to the shape of the region to be drilled and the grindstone base 22 is controlled such that the cylindrical surface 34 of the drilling grindstone 3b moves in contact with the peripheral edge 44 of the drilled holes 43, 45.

For example, if the perforated hole is a round hole,
x = CcosΔθ + (R−r) cosφ
However, sinφ = CsinΔθ / (R−r)
The rotation angle θ or Δθ around the axis O of the holder 12 and the moving distance x of the grindstone table 22 are controlled so as to satisfy the relationship.
Also, if the perforation hole is a slot and the straight edge part is processed,
x = (A + R−r) / cos θ
Or
x = (A−R + r) / cos θ
The rotation angle θ or Δθ around the axis O of the holder 12 and the moving distance x of the grindstone base 22 are controlled so as to satisfy the relationship. The movement distance x in the above equation is a movement amount based on the position where the grindstone shaft 25b of the hollow grinding wheel coincides with the axis of the axis O.

  The cutting feed in the axial direction of the holder 12 or the grindstone shaft 25b is continued even after this movement is started. The hollow grindstone 3b penetrates the hard brittle plate 4 during this operation. After passing through the hard brittle plate 4, the hollow grindstone 3 b continues processing so as to widen the penetrating holes in the circumferential direction on the peripheral surfaces of the distal end side conical surface 33 and the cylindrical surface 34. Then, when the entire circumference of the bored hole is machined by the cylindrical surface 34 of the bored grindstone by the control of the controller 5, the bored hole machining is finished.

  Next, the hourglass portion 35 of the punching grindstone is axially moved to the height position of the hard brittle plate 4, and the value of r in the above relational expression is changed at the conical surfaces 36 and 37 on both sides of the hourglass portion 35, By controlling the rotation angle θ or Δθ of the holder and the moving amount x of the grindstone according to the relational expression, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the peripheral corner portion of the bored hole is obtained. Perform chamfering. Small notches and cracks generated at the peripheral corners of the hard brittle plate during the punching process are removed by this chamfering process.

  According to the above-described present invention, it is possible to machine through holes of various shapes and dimensions of the hard brittle plate to be machined with a single device and with a single bored grindstone. There is no need to change the processing equipment or the grindstone every time. Moreover, according to the apparatus provided with the two grindstone shafts, it is possible to continuously perform the outer peripheral processing of the hard brittle plate with the same apparatus before and after the punching process.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the through-hole provided in the hard brittle plate can be processed by preventing cracks and chips generated during processing as much as possible regardless of the shape. Further, since the machining shape is created by the rotation angle of the holder 12 and the movement of the grinding wheel base 22, the movement amount of the grinding wheel base 22 is small, the apparatus can be miniaturized, and the machining accuracy is improved.

Explanatory drawing which shows the processing of the slot by this invention Explanatory drawing showing processing of outer circumference Explanatory drawing which shows the cross section and plane of a process of the slot of FIG. 1 with time Explanatory drawing showing chamfering Side view showing an example of a punching device of this invention Side view showing an example of a tool used for machining Front view of the tool in FIG. Plan view showing an example of hard brittle plate to be processed

  FIG. 5 is a view showing an embodiment of the punching device of the present invention. The apparatus shown in the figure is an apparatus that can perform peripheral machining as well as drilling of the hard brittle plate 4, and has two grinding wheels, a grinding wheel shaft 25b equipped with a hollow grinding wheel 3b and a grinding wheel shaft 25a equipped with a circumferential grinding wheel 3a. It has a shaft.

  In the figure, 1 is a workpiece shaft in the vertical direction, 12 is a holder fixed to the upper end of the workpiece shaft 1, and 13 is a lifting platform that supports the workpiece shaft 1. Reference numeral 21 denotes a guide fixed to the frame 2, and 22 denotes a grindstone table that moves along the guide 21. Two grinding wheel shafts 25a and 25b are supported on the grinding wheel base 22 in parallel with each other. The grindstone shafts 25 a and 25 b are parallel to the workpiece shaft 1. The guide 21 is provided in a direction orthogonal to the two grindstone shafts 25a and 25b.

  Tool holders 29a and 29b are provided at the lower ends (shaft ends on the holder 12 side) of the grindstone shafts 25a and 25b. The outer peripheral processing grindstone 3a is mounted on one of the 29a and the penetrating grindstone 3b is mounted on the other 29b. Yes. The diameter of the drilling grindstone 3 b is smaller than the diameter of the round hole 45 to be processed and the groove width of the groove hole 43. The grindstone shafts 25a and 25b are connected to grindstone shaft driving motors 26a and 26b, respectively.

  A bracket 14 provided integrally with the elevator 13 is screwed into a vertical feed screw 18 driven by an elevator servo motor 17. A servo motor 11 that rotationally drives the work shaft 1 is mounted on the lift 13. The grinding wheel base 22 is screwed to a feed screw 28 that is rotationally driven by a feed servo motor 27 mounted on the frame 2. Reference numeral 5 denotes an NC device that controls the servo motors 17, 27, and 11, and 51, 52, and 53 are servo amplifiers.

  6 and 7 are views showing an example of a drilling grindstone 3b. The hollow grindstone 3b is a cylindrical shape with a thin basic shape, and its tip surface 31 is a grinding surface that cuts the workpiece 4 in the axial direction. The distal end surface 31 is provided with a groove-like recess 32 in the diameter direction. The outer periphery of the front end portion of the hollow grindstone 3b is a conical surface 33 having a small diameter on the front end side, and includes a cylindrical surface 34 and a hourglass portion 35 that follow the conical surface 33. The conical surfaces 36 and 37 on both sides of the hourglass portion 35 are grinding surfaces that perform so-called chamfering, in which the upper and lower ridge lines of the perforated hole 45 and the peripheral edge 44 of the groove 43 are obliquely scraped off.

  The groove-shaped recess 32 is provided so that the center portion of the front end surface of the grindstone where no grinding action is generated does not come into contact with the workpiece because no rotation speed is generated even when the grindstone shaft 25b rotates. Further, by forming a recess in the central portion provided so as not to contact the workpiece into a groove shape extending in the diametrical direction, the inflow and outflow of the cutting fluid to the machining position is effectively performed.

  The conical surface 33 at the tip of the grindstone gradually increases the diameter of the processed through-hole 45 or the groove width of the through-groove 43 by feeding the grindstone 3b in the axial direction after the grindstone passes through the hard brittle plate. And scrapes off chips and cracks generated during penetration. The drum-shaped portion 35 of the body portion is provided to perform chamfering of the ridgeline of the peripheral edge 44 of the processed through hole 45 or the through groove 43 with the same grindstone. By using the hourglass 35, it is possible to continuously chamfer the upper and lower ridge lines with the same grindstone.

  FIG. 3 is a side view and a plan view showing the punching of the display panel 4 shown in FIG. 8 according to the method of the present invention over time. Hereinafter, the punching method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The workpiece (display panel) 4 to be machined is placed on the holder 12 by a loader (not shown) provided with a hand that sucks the upper surface of the workpiece 4 so that the machining origin O coincides with the rotation center of the workpiece shaft 1. After 12 attracts the workpiece 4, the suction on the hand side is released and the hand retracts.

  Next, the outer periphery processing of the workpiece 4 is performed by the outer periphery processing grindstone 3a. The outer periphery of the workpiece 4 is contoured, that is, the rotation angle θ to Δθ of the workpiece 4 about the axis O of the workpiece axis and the movement in the direction orthogonal to the axis O of the grinding wheel base 22 from the reference position. Machining is performed while controlling in association with the quantity x.

For example, in the case of machining of the straight side 41 on the outer periphery of the workpiece shown in FIG. 8, as shown in FIG. 2A, the distance from the machining origin O of the straight side 41 is W, and the radius of the grindstone 3a is r.
x = (W + r) / cos θ
The straight side 41 is processed by controlling the rotation angle θ of the workpiece axis and the moving amount x of the grindstone table while maintaining the above relationship.

Further, in the case of machining the arc side 42 on the outer periphery of the workpiece shown in FIG. 8, as shown in FIG. 2B, the coordinates (A, B) in the xy orthogonal coordinate system of the center P of the arc side, the arc The radius R of the side 42, C ² = A ² + B ² , tan θ 0 = B / A, Δθ = θ−θ 0,
x = CcosΔθ + (R + r) cosφ
However, sinφ = CsinΔθ / (R + r)
In order to satisfy the above relationship, machining is performed by controlling the relationship between the rotation angle θ = θ 0 + Δθ of the workpiece axis from the reference phase and the movement amount x from the reference position of the grindstone table 22.

  Next, a position where the axis of the bored grindstone 3b coincides with the axis of the workpiece shaft 1 is set as a reference position, and the slot 43 and the round hole 45 are processed by the bored grindstone 3b.

When machining the slot 43, the drilling stone 3b is set in the center of the slot 43, and the workpiece shaft 1 is raised without rotating, so that the drilling stone 3b is advanced toward the workpiece 4 at that position. Let When the front end surface 31 of the cut-in grindstone 3b has scraped off the workpiece 4 to a preset depth that does not penetrate the workpiece 4 (see FIG. 3B), the rotation angle θ of the workpiece axis and the movement amount x of the grinding wheel base are x = (A + R−r) / cos θ,
The control is converted so as to satisfy the relationship (see FIG. 1A). In the process of this control conversion, the drilling grindstone 3b moves closer to the linear edge 44a outside the slot 43, and then moves along the linear edge.
When the hollow grindstone 3b reaches the arc portion 44b at the end of the slot,
C ² = A ² + B 0 ² , tan θ 0 = B / A, Δθ = θ−θ 0,
x = CcosΔθ + (R−r) cosφ
However, sinφ = CsinΔθ / (R−r)
The rotation angle θ = θ0 + Δθ of the workpiece axis and the movement amount x of the grindstone table are controlled so as to satisfy the relationship (see FIG. 1B). And when the movement of the half circumference at the end of the slot ends,
x = (A−R + r) / cos θ
The rotation angle θ of the workpiece axis and the moving amount x of the grindstone table are controlled so as to satisfy the relationship, and the grindstone 3b is moved along the inner edge 44c of the slot 43, and the arc portion on the opposite side is further moved. Also, the punching grindstone 3b is moved by the same control as the arc portion.

  In the middle of the above operation, the tip surface 31 of the drilling grindstone penetrates the workpiece 4 (see FIG. 3C). By continuing the ascent of the workpiece shaft 1, the punching grindstone 3 b continues to be processed so as to widen the through hole in the circumferential direction at the conical surface 33 and the cylindrical surface 34 after penetrating the workpiece 4. Then, after reaching the state where the peripheral edge of the groove hole is processed on the cylindrical surface 34 (see FIG. 3D), the hollow grinding stone 3b is moved along the entire circumference of the groove hole 43, Finish drilling.

  Next, the workpiece shaft 1 is moved in the axial direction so that the hourglass portion 35 of the drilling grindstone is at the height position of the workpiece 4, and the value of r in the above relational expression is obtained by the conical surfaces 36 and 37 on both sides of the hourglass portion 35. By changing the rotation angle θ or Δθ of the work shaft and the movement amount x of the grindstone table according to the above relational expression, it was cut as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). Chamfering of the peripheral corner of the groove hole 43 is performed. Small notches and cracks generated at the peripheral corners of the hard brittle plate during the punching process are removed by this chamfering process.

When machining the round hole 45, first, the grindstone 3b is set at the center coordinates (A, B) of the round hole 45, and the workpiece 4 is ground in the workpiece axis direction by raising the workpiece shaft 1 at that position. To do. When the front end surface 31 of the drilling grindstone 3b is scraped to a predetermined depth that does not penetrate the workpiece 4, the rotation angle Δθ of the workpiece shaft 1 and the movement amount x of the grindstone table are set to the arc portion of the aforementioned groove hole. The same formula as when processing,
x = CcosΔθ + (R−r) cosφ
However, sinφ = CsinΔθ / (R−r), Δθ = θ−θ0
The rotation angle θ from the reference phase of the work shaft 1 and the movement amount x from the reference position of the grindstone table 22 are controlled so that the relationship The cutting feed in the axial direction due to the rising of the work shaft 1 is continued during this time.

  In the middle of the above operation, the drilling grindstone 3 b penetrates the workpiece 4. After the penetration grindstone 3b has penetrated the workpiece 4, the cutting grindstone 3b continues processing so as to widen the through hole in the circumferential direction at the tip side conical surface 33 and the cylindrical surface 34. Then, under the control of the controller 5, the boring process is finished when the entire circumference of the round hole 45 is finished on the cylindrical surface 34 of the boring grindstone.

  Next, as in the case of the slot 43, the value of r in the relational expression is changed on the conical surfaces 36 and 37 on both sides of the hourglass portion 35, and the rotation angle θ of the workpiece axis and the grinding wheel base are changed according to the relational expression Chamfering of the peripheral corners of the round hole 45 is performed by controlling the amount of movement x.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Work shaft 3a Peripheral processing grindstone 3b Drilling grindstone 4 Hard brittle board 5 Controller 11 Work drive motor 12 Holder 18 Axis feeding device 22 Grinding wheel base 25a, 25b Grinding wheel shaft 26a, 26b Grinding wheel motor 27 Feeding motor 31 Tip surface 32 Groove shape Recess 33 Conical surface 34 Cylindrical surface 35 Hourglass portion 43 Groove hole O Shaft center axis x Amount of wheel head movement θ, Δθ

Claims (3)

A holder (12) that is driven to rotate around an axis using a drilled grindstone (3b) having a conical surface (33) having a small diameter on the distal end side of the outer periphery of the tip portion and a cylindrical surface (34) following the conical surface Fixing the hard brittle plate with the surface orthogonal to the axis, and mounting the hollow grindstone (3b) on the tip of the rotating grindstone shaft (25b) parallel to the axis facing the holder, The position of the rotary grindstone shaft is set so that the cylindrical surface of the drilled grindstone is positioned inside the region to be drilled, and the drilled grindstone (3b) is directed to the hard brittle plate (4) at the position. And advance to a depth at which the tip of the drilled grindstone (3b) does not penetrate the hard brittle plate (4), and then according to the shape of the peripheral edge of the region, the rotation angle of the holder and the rotation grindstone shaft by controlling in association with unidirectional movement amount perpendicular to the grinding wheel axis, the cylindrical surface of the void grinding said peripheral edge Contact to start the lateral movement in the direction of the grinding wheel spindle to be moved, then the void processing the entire circumference of the peripheral cylindrical surface of the grinding (34), void processing method hard and brittle plate. A holder (12) for holding a hard brittle plate, a work drive motor (11) capable of controlling the rotation angle for rotating the holder about an axis (O) in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the hard brittle plate, and the shaft center Grinding wheel base (22) that can move only in one direction orthogonal to (O), a feed motor (27) that can control the rotation angle for reciprocating this grinding wheel base in the movement direction, and the axis on the grinding wheel base A grindstone shaft (25b) that is pivotally supported in parallel with the center and whose reference position can be set to the position of the axis (O), a hollow grindstone (3b) that is attached to the tip of the grindstone shaft, and the grindstone A grinding wheel motor (26b) for rotating the shaft (25b), a shaft feeding device (18) for moving at least one of the grinding wheel shaft (25b) and the holder (12) in the axial direction, and a work drive motor ( A controller (5) for controlling the rotation angle of 11) and the rotation angle of the feed motor (27) in association with each other;
The controller (5) is configured such that the rotation angle of the holder (12) is θ or Δθ, and the movement amount of the grindstone bed (22) is x
x = (A + R−r) / cos θ,
x = (A−R + r) / cos θ
as well as
x = CcosΔθ + (R−r) cosφ
However, sinφ = CsinΔθ / (R−r)
A device for punching a hard brittle plate, comprising a slot machining means for maintaining and controlling the relationship.
  In the above formula, A is the distance from the axis (O) to the center line of the slot (43) to be machined in the direction perpendicular to the center line of the slot, and C is the axis. The distance from (O) to the center (Q) of the arc at the end of the slot to be machined, R is 1/2 the groove width dimension of the slot (43), and r is the depth of the grindstone (3b) The radius r <R, θ is the rotation angle of the holder (12) from the first reference phase in the direction orthogonal to the center line of the slot, and Δθ is from the second reference phase in the direction of the line segment OQ. The rotation angle x of the holder (12) is the distance from the axis to the central axis of the grindstone. The grindstone base (22) is provided with two grindstone shafts (25a, 25b) that are parallel to each other in the axial direction and that can set the reference position of each grindstone central axis to the position of the axial center. 3. The punching device according to claim 2, wherein the bore grindstone (3 b) is mounted on one of the shafts, and an outer peripheral processing grindstone (3 a) for processing the outer periphery of the hard brittle plate on the outer peripheral surface is mounted on the other .

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