JP5650578B2 - Data image recording apparatus, thermal analysis apparatus, data image recording method, image data normalization method, thermophysical quantity calculation method, and recorded image display method - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, when measuring a physical quantity such as a physical property quantity of a measurement object while photographing a change in a physical state of the measurement object using a moving image photographing apparatus, data such as the measured physical quantity is photographed in real time. The present invention relates to a data image recording device, a thermal analysis device, a data image recording method, a method for normalizing image data, a method for calculating thermophysical properties, and a method for displaying a recorded image.

  Conventionally, when measuring a physical quantity such as a physical quantity of a measurement target while shooting a change in the physical state of the measurement target with a video shooting device, an image in which data such as the measured physical quantity is taken in real time 2. Description of the Related Art Data image recording devices that write data to a disk are known.

  As such a data image recording device, for example, the surface temperature of the measurement object is measured by a temperature sensor, the measurement state is photographed by a visible camera, and the measured surface temperature is displayed in a photographed image by the visible camera. As described above, there is one that generates a composite image obtained by combining a captured image and an image indicating a surface temperature (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2008-164415 A JP 2005-345385 A JP 2011-002437 A

  However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, the timing of capturing each frame of the captured image is not synchronized with the timing of acquiring the measured physical quantity data, and the physical quantity is delayed after the capturing timing of each frame. Data is recorded.

  For this reason, when the recorded image is analyzed for each frame later, even if there is a change in the state of the measurement object on the image, the accurate physical quantity at the timing when the change occurs on the image must be grasped. There was a problem that could not.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a data image recording apparatus, a thermal analysis apparatus, and a data image recording capable of grasping an accurate physical quantity at a timing when a state change of an object to be measured occurs on an image. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method, a method for normalizing image data, a method for calculating a thermophysical quantity, and a method for displaying a recorded image.

  The data image recording apparatus according to the present invention records physical quantity measurement data for each frame of a captured image as image information, so that when the captured image is analyzed later, the capturing timing and measurement value of each frame are acquired. Since the timing corresponds, it is possible to grasp an accurate physical quantity when a change appears on the image.

Therefore, the invention according to claim 1 is an imaging unit that captures a measurement object as a moving image, a measurement unit that measures a physical quantity related to the measurement object, and a synchronization signal that separates a synchronization signal from a video signal from the imaging unit. Separation means and measurement data measured by the measurement means are acquired for each image frame of the moving image based on the synchronization signal, binarized so as to be bright and dark on the image, and synthesized into the video signal a signal synthesizing means for and outputting, wherein the signal combining means, a measurement data binarized in the dark, at least one scan line of the image frame corresponding to the measurement data, the video signal A data image recording apparatus that outputs data so as to be displayed at a position that does not hinder the image quality.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the scanning line on which the binarized measurement data is displayed is the uppermost scanning line of each image frame. Yes.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the signal synthesizing unit converts the measurement data into a signal synchronized with the video signal based on the synchronization signal, and generates the synchronization signal. 3. The data image recording apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an analog switch that blocks a video signal from the photographing unit and outputs a signal generated by the signal generation unit. Yes.

  Furthermore, the invention according to claim 4 provides the data image recording device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and a video signal obtained by combining the measurement data by the data image recording device as image data. A thermal analysis apparatus comprising: the converted image data; and the converted image data and a computer system capable of computing the measurement data included in the image data, wherein the computer system includes the computer Image reproduction means for displaying an image recorded as a moving image, binary data extraction means for extracting the measurement data binarized from light and dark from the image data, and measurement data binarized from light and dark The thermal analysis apparatus is equipped with image reproduction software having binarized data conversion means for converting into corresponding character string data.

And the invention which concerns on Claim 5 acquires the video signal which image | photographed the measuring object as a moving image, and the measurement data of the physical quantity regarding the said measuring object, Based on the synchronizing signal which isolate | separated the said measurement data from the said video signal The data image recording method is characterized in that it is acquired for each image frame of the moving image, binarized so as to be bright and dark on the image, and synthesized and output at a position that does not interfere with the video signal.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the imaging unit is an infrared image capturing unit that captures an infrared image, and the measurement unit is a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the measurement object. Infrared intensity extraction means for extracting infrared intensity data of each pixel for each image frame from, measurement data extraction means for extracting temperature data of the measurement object as the measurement data from the image data, and for each image frame Based on the infrared intensity data of each pixel and the temperature data of the measurement object corresponding to each image frame, the corrected temperature obtained by normalizing the infrared intensity data with respect to the infrared emissivity for each pixel of each image frame Temperature correction means for calculating data, and infrared emissivity for each pixel of each image frame based on the corrected temperature data To is characterized in the thermal analyzer according to claim 4 mounted with the image analysis software with the normalized image data generating means for generating image data obtained by normalizing.

  Furthermore, the invention according to claim 7 is synthesized by using the data image recording method according to claim 5 for each image frame of the image data obtained by the infrared image photographing means for photographing the infrared image of the measurement object as a moving image. An effective infrared emissivity corresponding to each pixel of the image frame is calculated based on the temperature data of the measurement object recorded and the infrared intensity data of each pixel of the at least one image frame. The corrected infrared intensity data obtained by normalizing the infrared intensity data of each pixel of the image frame with respect to the effective infrared emissivity by dividing the infrared intensity data of each pixel of the image frame by the effective infrared emissivity. And calculating corrected temperature data normalized for each pixel of the image frame based on the corrected infrared intensity data. It is characterized in normalization method of the image data.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the data order of the at least one measurement data so that the value of at least one measurement data among the plurality of measurement data including the infrared intensity data for each image frame is substantially continuous. The thermal analysis apparatus according to claim 6 is characterized by rearranging and referring to.

  Moreover, the invention which concerns on Claim 9 is the measurement data as temperature data which measured the temperature of the back surface side of this measuring object with the said temperature sensor, adding AC heat from the back surface side of the said measuring object, and the said infrared image Measurement data as infrared radiation intensity data obtained by measuring the infrared radiation intensity on the surface side of the measurement object by an imaging means, and a thermal analysis device for analyzing the temperature data of the temperature on the back side of the measurement object; Data interpolation is performed by superimposing temperature data obtained by normalizing infrared radiation intensity data on the surface side of the measurement object, and rearranging the data order so that each sine waveform is accurately reproduced. And a peak for obtaining a peak time at which the sine waveform is peaked from the data represented by the two sets of sine waveforms that are complemented by the data complementing means. Inter-phase acquisition means, phase difference acquisition means for acquiring a phase difference of each sine waveform from each peak time of the two sets of sine waveforms acquired by the peak time acquisition means, and the phase difference acquisition means acquired by the phase difference acquisition means The thermal analysis apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising: a thermophysical quantity calculation unit that calculates thermal diffusivity and / or thermal conductivity based on a phase difference between two sets of sinusoidal waveforms.

  Furthermore, the invention according to claim 10 uses the data image recording method according to claim 5 to display the display order of image frames so that the value of at least one of the plurality of measurement data is substantially continuous. It is characterized by a method for displaying recorded images that are rearranged and displayed.

  According to the invention according to claim 1 configured as described above, the signal synthesizing unit records the measurement data as an image on the scanning line of the image frame for each image frame of the moving image. The timing at which each frame was photographed coincides with the timing of measurement value acquisition, and an accurate physical quantity at the timing when a change in the image occurs can be grasped.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the signal synthesis means records the measurement data as a light and dark binary image, the physical quantity is not affected by the contrast or the like when analyzing the captured image. Can be read accurately.

  Further, according to the invention of claim 2, since the signal synthesis means records the measurement data on the highest scanning line of each frame, the measurement value is recorded as an image without interfering with the captured image. be able to.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the measurement at the timing when each frame is photographed with a simple configuration in which the analog switch blocks the video signal from the photographing means based on the synchronization signal and outputs the generated signal. The value can be recorded as an image at high speed.

  According to the fourth aspect of the invention, by recording physical quantity measurement data as image information for each image frame of the captured image, when analyzing the captured image later, the capturing timing and measurement of each image frame Since the data acquisition timing corresponds, it is possible to grasp an accurate physical quantity when a change appears on the image.

  According to the invention of claim 5, the software installed in the computer system extracts and analyzes the measurement data recorded as line data in the image while reproducing the image. Since a temperature image with emissivity correction applied to each pixel of the captured image is generated, changes in physical properties such as phase transitions can be clearly seen on the monitor, and at the timing when the physical property changes occur. Can get accurate temperature.

  Further, according to the invention according to claim 6, since the timing at which each frame is photographed coincides with the timing at which the measured value is acquired, a change in the image occurs when analyzing the photographed image. The same effect as described above that an accurate physical quantity at the timing can be grasped can be obtained.

  And according to the invention which concerns on Claim 7, while changing a physical property, such as a phase transition, can be clearly visually observed on a monitor, the said exact temperature at the timing when a physical property change can be acquired can be acquired. The same effect can be obtained.

  Further, according to the invention according to claim 8, by arranging and referring to the data order of the measurement data so that the value of the specific measurement data is substantially continuous, the plurality of measurement data thus rearranged are referred to. Thus, it is possible to obtain information required for calculating the target thermophysical quantity.

  Further, according to the invention of claim 9, since the sine waveform is accurately reproduced by the data complementing means, the accurate peak time can be acquired by the peak time acquiring means, and the accurate position of each sine waveform can be acquired by the phase difference acquiring means. Since the phase difference can be obtained, the thermophysical quantity calculation means can calculate the accurate thermal diffusivity and / or thermal conductivity of the measurement object based on this accurate phase difference.

  Thus, for example, data can be complemented by superimposing data for several cycles to several tens of cycles of AC heat. Thermal diffusivity and / or thermal conductivity can be calculated.

  And according to the invention concerning Claim 10, since the timing of acquisition of the image frame of the photographed image is synchronized with the timing of acquisition of the physical quantity measured and recorded in the image data as line data, By reordering the display order of the image frames so that certain measured data is substantially continuous, pay attention to at least one physical quantity in the measured physics and respond to this change in physical quantity. It is possible to analyze how the captured image changes.

It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of the impose system X containing a data image recording device. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the data image recording device main body of FIG. It is a timing chart which shows the vertical synchronizing signal of the video signal (NTSC signal) from the infrared camera of FIG. It is a timing chart which shows the horizontal synchronizing signal of the video signal (NTSC signal) from the infrared camera of FIG. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the horizontal synchronization signal of FIG. 4. It is a timing chart for demonstrating the process which converts measurement data into the signal synchronized with the video signal. FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing an image signal transmitted to a video signal output terminal when the analog switch of FIG. 2 is switched on and off. FIG. It is a timing chart for demonstrating the process which synchronizes measurement data with the video signal (LDVS signal) from the infrared camera of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the impose area | region to the video signal (LDVS signal) from the infrared camera of FIG. (A) is a figure which shows the image displayed on a personal computer when the temperature of a measuring object is T1, (b) is the moment (the temperature of a measuring object is T2 ( It is a figure which shows the image displayed on a personal computer to T1> T2)). It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the thermal analysis system which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the software mounted in the hard disk of a personal computer body. It is a flowchart explaining the detailed flow of a temperature correction process. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of software installed in a hard disk of a personal computer main body according to a third embodiment. It is a figure which shows the sine wave of the alternating current heat flux which has a positive gradient added to a measurement object. It is a flowchart explaining the flow of a thermophysical quantity calculation process. (A) is a graph which shows the relationship between temperature data and time, (b) is a figure which shows the graph of the sine wave obtained by carrying out an offset process with respect to the graph shown to (a). (A) is a sine waveform of the sensor side temperature data after the offset process, and (b) is a sine waveform of the surface side temperature data after the offset process. (A) is the figure extracted about sampling period (1) from the sine wave after the offset process shown in FIG.17 (b), (b) is the sine wave after the offset process shown in FIG.17 (b). (C) is the figure which superposed | superposed the temperature data shown to (a), and the temperature data shown to (b). It is a figure which shows the relationship between the temperature data after an offset process, and time when the acquisition period of an image frame is larger than the period of alternating current heat flux.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a data image recording apparatus of the present invention will be described based on Embodiment 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, and an embodiment of a thermal analysis apparatus provided with this data image recording apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. Will be described based on Embodiment 2 shown in FIG.

[Embodiment 1]
(Overall configuration of impose system including data image recording device)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an impose system X including a data image recording apparatus.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the impose system X includes a data image recording apparatus 100, and a capture board 110 that converts signals so that an image signal generated by the data image recording apparatus 100 can be displayed on a personal computer. And a personal computer PC that displays an image on a monitor based on the signal converted by the capture board 110, and an analysis device 120 that analyzes the image generated by the data image recording device 100.

  Further, the data image recording apparatus 100 includes an infrared camera 1 (imaging unit) that images the measurement object A, a measurement sensor 2 (measurement unit) that measures a physical quantity related to the measurement object A, and a video signal from the infrared camera 1. And a data image recording apparatus main body 3 which receives measurement data from the measurement sensor 2 and generates an image signal in which the measurement data is recorded as image information in a video signal.

  The infrared camera 1 outputs the captured video signal of the measuring object A as an NTSC signal (National Television System Committee) or an LVDS signal (Low Voltage Differential Signaling) to the data image recording apparatus main body 3.

  In addition, it is not limited to the infrared camera 1, A visible camera may be sufficient, and the structure etc. with which both the infrared camera and the visible camera were provided may be sufficient.

  Here, the analysis device 120 stores a temperature control program and the like, and performs delicate temperature adjustment of the table B on which the measurement object A is placed.

  And the measurement sensor 2 acquires the exact temperature of the contact part with the stand B among measurement objects A by measuring the temperature of the stand B, without being influenced by the temperature of ambient environment, such as room temperature. Can do.

  Further, the measurement sensor 2 outputs measurement data relating to the acquired temperature to the data image recording apparatus main body 3 as an analog signal or a digital signal.

  The measurement data may be plural, or may be output to the data image recording apparatus main body 3 in both analog signal and digital signal formats.

(Configuration of data image recording device body)
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the data image recording apparatus main body 3 of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the data image recording apparatus main body 3 uses the synchronization signal separation means 31 that separates the synchronization signal from the video signal (NTSC signal) and the measurement data measured by the measurement sensor 2 based on the synchronization signal. A signal synthesizing unit 32 which is obtained for each image frame of a moving image, binarized so as to be bright and dark on the image, synthesized into a video signal and output, a clock signal generating unit 33 for generating a clock signal, and a video signal An input terminal 36 and a video signal output terminal 37 are provided.

  The signal synthesizing unit 32 displays the measurement data binarized brightly and darkly on at least one scanning line (meaning a pixel column in the case of a digital signal) of an image frame corresponding to the measurement data. Output.

  The signal synthesis unit 32 converts the measurement data into a signal synchronized with the video signal based on the synchronization signal and generates the video signal from the infrared camera 1 based on the synchronization signal. And an analog switch 35 that outputs a signal generated by the signal generation means 34.

  Further, the signal generation unit 34 arranges the measurement data in time series (serialization processing), and adjusts the timing so as to convert the serialized measurement data into a signal synchronized with the video signal. And timing adjustment means 342 for performing the above.

  The data image recording apparatus main body 3 includes measurement data input terminals 38a (for analog) and 38b (for digital), measurement data output terminals 39a (for analog) and 39b (for digital), and a measurement data input terminal 38a. An ADC (analog / digital converter) 40 connected to the signal synthesis means 32 and a DAC (digital / analog converter) 41 connected to the signal synthesis means 32 and the measurement data output terminal 39a are provided.

  Further, the data image recording apparatus main body 3 has a CPU 42 as an interface, a USB port 43 for connection to a personal computer PC, and an RS232C port 44 for connection to the analysis apparatus 120.

  Next, image generation processing by the data image recording apparatus 100 will be described separately for the case where the video signal is an NTSC signal and the case where it is an LVDS signal.

[In case of NTSC signal]
(Video signal input)
3 is a timing chart showing a vertical synchronization signal (VSTNC) of a video signal (NTSC signal) from the infrared camera 1 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a video signal (NTSC signal) from the infrared camera 1 of FIG. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the horizontal synchronization signal (HSYNC) in FIG. 4.

  The video signal transmitted from the infrared camera 1 is input to the video signal input terminal 36 of the data image recording apparatus body 3 by the NTSC signal, and is output to the synchronization signal separating means 31 and the analog switch 35.

  The vertical synchronizing signal (VSYNC) of this video signal is a timing chart as shown in FIG. 3, and the period of the vertical synchronizing signal is 1V.

  The horizontal synchronization signal (HSYNC) of the video signal is a timing chart as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and the period of the horizontal synchronization signal is 1H.

(Generation of measurement data synchronized with the video signal)
6 is a timing chart for explaining processing for converting measurement data into a signal synchronized with a video signal. FIG. 7 shows a video signal when the analog switch 35 in FIG. 2 is switched on and off. 4 is a timing chart showing an image signal transmitted to an output terminal 37.

  When the measurement data is input to the signal generation means 34, the measurement data is time-series by the serialization means 341.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the timing of the measurement data is adjusted by the timing adjustment unit 342, and the voltage Vmax is output at the bit value “1” portion and the voltage Vmin is output at the bit value “0” portion of the measurement data. As a result, the signal is converted into a binarized signal.

  Note that “t1” in FIG. 6 indicates the time from the start of the generation of the horizontal synchronization signal of the video signal to the start of the impose, and “t2” indicates the generation of the horizontal synchronization signal of the video signal. The time from the start to the end of the impose is indicated, “t3” indicates the time of one bit of the measurement data to be imposed, and “t4” is 1 of the measurement data including the waiting time. The time for characters (start bit + 8 bits) is indicated, and “t5” indicates one period (= 1H) of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the horizontal synchronizing signal (HSYNC) of the video signal.

  “Vp” indicates a pedestal level of the NTSC signal (a level serving as a reference for luminance in the video signal).

(Analog switch switching)
The analog switch 35 then scans the uppermost scanning line of each frame (Nth horizontal synchronization signal shown in FIG. 7) and the second scanning line from the top of the frame ((N + 1) th horizontal synchronization signal shown in FIG. 7). 6), the converted measurement data shown in FIG. 6 is transmitted to the video signal output terminal 37, and the video signal is transmitted to the video signal output terminal 37 as it is for the scanning lines other than these scanning lines. Switch on / off.

  In this way, the signal transmitted to the video signal output terminal 37 is output to the personal computer PC via the capture board 110, and an image is displayed on the monitor of the personal computer PC (see FIGS. 10A and 10B). ).

[LVDS signal]
FIG. 8 is a timing chart for explaining a process of synchronizing the measurement data with the video signal (LVDS signal) from the infrared camera 1 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 9 is a video signal (from the infrared camera 1 in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the imposition area | region to (LVDS signal).

  When the video signal of the measuring object A photographed by the infrared camera 1 is an LVDS signal, as shown in FIG. 2, a video signal (Data Input), a clock signal (Data Clock), and a synchronization signal (Data Sync) are signals. Input to the generation means 34.

  When the measurement data is input to the signal generation means 34, the measurement data is time-series by the serialization means 341 as described above, and the measurement data serialized by the timing adjustment means 342 is synchronized with the video signal. Is converted to a signal.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 9, when the configuration of each frame is 324 × 256 pixels, the measurement data generated in this way is the uppermost pixel row (0th to 323rd) of each frame and the top of the frame. Measurement data converted as a binarized image is recorded for the second row of pixel columns (from 324th to 647th), and an image signal that is still a video signal is captured except for these pixel columns. The image is output to the personal computer PC via the board 110 and displayed on the monitor of the personal computer PC (see FIGS. 10A and 10B).

[Analysis processing]
FIG. 10A is a diagram showing an image displayed on the personal computer PC when the temperature of the measuring object A is T1, and FIG. 10B shows the moment when the measuring object A starts to freeze (measurement). It is a figure which shows the image displayed on personal computer PC at the temperature of the target object T2 (T1> T2).

  The physical condition (temperature) of the measuring object A at the timing when each frame is photographed is acquired by photographing the experimental situation with the infrared camera 1 and analyzing the image generated by the data image recording device 100 with the analyzing device 120. Can do.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 10A, when the temperature of the table B on which the plant that is the measurement target A is placed is gradually lowered, the measurement target A starts to freeze from a certain moment.

  And the heat | fever generate | occur | produces in the moment which begins to freeze, and the temperature which the measurement sensor 2 detects rises slightly.

  For this reason, the analysis device 120 analyzes the temperature recorded as an image in each frame, and the timing at which the temperature that has gradually decreased slightly rises is the timing at which the measurement object A is frozen, and changes in the image are detected. Can be recognized.

  In this way, by grasping the accurate physical quantity at the timing when the change on the image occurs, for example, the position information of the measurement object A is sequentially acquired, and the temperature difference at each position is analyzed to measure Analysis regarding the elastic deformation and plastic deformation of the object A can be performed.

  Furthermore, by storing a stimulation function for heat in advance, it is possible to convert these analysis results into physical property values.

  Further, for example, when an AC heat flux is added to a part of the measurement object A and the diffusion is photographed by the infrared camera 1, stimulus fluctuations (frequency, amplitude, etc.) are measured together with the measurement values recorded as images in each frame. By being incorporated, accurate visualization thermal analysis can be performed.

  Furthermore, by switching the video signal on the time axis, in a phenomenon that is repeated, the signals can be rearranged in the order of thermal stimulation and phase delay from the reference point of response, and by combining multiple video signals, pseudo-high speed Can be realized.

  According to the data image recording apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment configured as described above, the signal synthesis unit 32 (the signal generation unit 34 and the analog switch 35) uses the measurement data as an image for each image frame of the moving image. Because it is recorded on the scanning line, when analyzing the captured image, the timing at which each frame was captured coincides with the timing of measurement value acquisition, and the accurate physical quantity at the timing when the change on the image occurs is grasped be able to.

  Further, since the signal synthesis means 32 records the measurement data as a light and dark binary image, the physical quantity can be accurately read without being influenced by contrast or the like when analyzing the photographed image.

  Further, since the signal synthesis unit 32 records the measurement data on the uppermost scanning line (Nth horizontal synchronization signal) of each frame, the signal synthesis unit 32 records the measurement value as an image without hindering the captured image. Can do.

  Note that it is possible to record the measurement data not only on the uppermost scanning line of each frame but also on a plurality of scanning lines (such as the uppermost scanning line and the second scanning line from the top).

  According to such a configuration, when an image is displayed on a monitor of a personal computer PC, even if a scanning line of any one of a plurality of stages is cut off, it is recorded on the scanning line of the other stage. The physical quantity can be read by analyzing the measured data.

  In addition, the analog switch 35 cuts off the video signal from the infrared camera 1 based on the synchronization signal and outputs the generated signal, so that the measurement value at the timing when each frame is photographed is recorded as an image at high speed. can do.

  According to such a data image recording method, when the captured image is analyzed, the timing at which each frame is captured matches the timing at which the measurement value is acquired, and the timing at which the change on the image occurs The same effect as described above that an accurate physical quantity can be grasped can be obtained.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the video signal is transmitted as the NTSC signal or the LVDS signal has been described. However, in the data image recording apparatus according to the present invention, for example, any PAL signal (Phase Alternating Line) is used. It may be in the form.

[Embodiment 2]
In general, since the emissivity of infrared rays varies depending on the type and state of the substance, even if the temperature of the measurement object is uniform, the intensity differs from the part where the type and state of the substance constituting the measurement object are different. Infrared rays are emitted.

  A conventional infrared camera does not measure the "temperature" of the minute area corresponding to each pixel part of the measurement object, but measures the "infrared intensity data" emitted from these minute areas. ing.

  In other words, when a measurement object consisting of parts with different types and states of substances is photographed, even if the temperature of the measurement object is uniform, the infrared intensity data is different, resulting in parts with different types and states of substances. Will be displayed as different temperatures.

  Conventionally, in order to measure the "temperature" of the measurement object from the measurement of "infrared intensity data", the infrared emissivity is examined in advance for each type and state of the substance, and the infrared radiation intensity due to the difference in emissivity The difference was corrected.

  However, such a conventional method performs correction based on an average emissivity examined in advance, and does not perform real-time correction (every frame of a moving image) based on actually measured values. No correction was made to the pixels.

  Therefore, as a second embodiment, a temperature image obtained by performing emissivity correction on each pixel for each frame of an image captured by the infrared camera 56 by the thermal analysis system 200 using the data image recording apparatus 100 of the first embodiment. And a thermal analysis system for generating such a temperature image will be described.

[Overall configuration of thermal analysis system]
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a thermal analysis system 200 (thermal analysis apparatus) according to the second embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the thermal analysis system 200 according to the second embodiment includes a data image recording apparatus main body 51 of the present invention and an infrared camera 56 (infrared image) that is fixed to the temperature adjustment table 50 and shoots a measurement object as a moving image. Imaging means), a temperature adjusting device 53 for adjusting the temperature of the measurement object, and a computer system (hereinafter, personal computer) PC.

[Temperature control device]
The temperature adjustment device 53 includes a temperature adjustment unit 55 that adjusts the temperature of the measurement object C, and a temperature adjustment controller 52 that controls the temperature adjustment unit 55.

  The temperature control unit 55 has a mounting unit 81 on which the measurement object C is mounted on the upper part of the temperature control unit main body 80, and a temperature sensor 83 such as a thermopile is provided on the mounting unit 81. It has been.

  When the thinly sampled measurement object C is placed on the placement unit 81, the measurement object C comes into direct contact with the temperature sensor 83, so that the temperature sensor 83 can accurately measure the temperature of the measurement object C.

  The temperature control unit main body 80 includes a temperature control element 82 such as a heater or a Peltier element.

  The temperature controller 52 can precisely control the temperature of the measurement object C by controlling the amount of heat released or absorbed from the temperature control element 82 by a control signal from the personal computer main body 57.

[Computer system (computer) configuration]
The personal computer PC has a personal computer main body 57, a mouse 58, a keyboard 59, and a monitor 60.

  The personal computer main body 57 includes a motherboard (not shown) on which a CPU, a RAM, and the like are mounted, a video capture board 84, and a hard disk 85 (mass storage medium).

[Connection of thermal analysis system]
The infrared camera 56 is connected to a video input terminal (not shown) of the data image recording apparatus main body 51, and a video output terminal (not shown) of the data image recording apparatus main body 51 is connected to a video capture board 84 built in the personal computer PC. Connected to a video input terminal (not shown).

  An output terminal (not shown) of the temperature sensor 83 of the temperature control unit 55 is connected to a data input terminal (not shown) of the data image recording apparatus main body 51, and the data image recording apparatus main body 51 and the personal computer PC are connected to a USB port. Connected through.

  And the temperature control unit 55 and the temperature control controller 52 are connected, and the temperature control controller 52 and personal computer PC are connected via RS232C port.

[Data image recording device configuration]
Since the specific configuration of the data image recording apparatus main body 51 is the same as that of the data image recording apparatus main body 3 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, detailed description thereof is omitted here.

The data image recording apparatus main body 51 according to the present embodiment has temperature data T measured by the temperature sensor 83 measured at the recording start time of each image frame of moving image data output from the infrared camera 56. ^The measurement data including ⁽ⁿ⁾ is binarized as a bright and dark image and overwritten on a plurality of pixels corresponding to the scanning line at the top of the screen. Hereinafter, the recorded measurement data is referred to as “line data”.

  The moving image overwritten with the measurement data is recorded as a moving image file on the hard disk 85 (mass storage medium) of the personal computer PC.

  If the moving image file can be read from the personal computer PC, the large-capacity storage medium for recording the moving image file overwritten with the measurement data is not necessarily a hard disk, and may be a Blu-ray disc, for example. .

[Software configuration on the PC]
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the configuration of software installed in the hard disk 85 of the personal computer main body 57 of the second embodiment, and the arrows shown in FIG. 12 indicate the flow of data.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the hard disk 85 has a temperature controller control software 61 for controlling the temperature controller 52, and an image signal taken into the personal computer PC from the video capture board 84 in an uncompressed file format such as TIFF. Recording / playback software 62 for recording a moving image file on the hard disk 85 and image analysis software 63 for performing image analysis are installed in advance.

  These software programs are executed by the CPU through the OS program mounted on the hard disk 85 with the memory area on the RAM as the work area.

  The image analysis software 63 converts the line data recorded for each image frame of the image data recorded as a moving image file into a corresponding character string, and outputs it to the monitor 60 of the personal computer PC (for each image frame or continuously). And emissivity correction program 65 for performing emissivity correction on an image reproduction program 64 (image reproduction software) to be displayed and an image recorded as a moving image file and correcting a difference in infrared intensity data due to a difference in emissivity. (Image analysis software).

  The image reproduction program 64 records an image recorded as a moving image file on a window displayed on the monitor 60 of the personal computer PC, and records as a dark and light image for each image frame by the data image recording apparatus body 3. A line data extraction routine 67 for extracting the line data extracted from the image data, a line data conversion routine 68 for converting the line data extracted by the line data extraction routine 67 into a corresponding character string, and a character by the line data conversion routine 68. A line data display routine 69 for displaying the data converted into columns on the window.

  The emissivity correction program 65 includes an infrared intensity extraction routine 70 (infrared intensity extraction means), a temperature data extraction routine 71 (temperature data extraction means), a temperature correction routine 72 (temperature correction means), and a normalized image data generation routine. 73 (normalized image data generating means) and a corrected moving image file recording routine 74.

The infrared intensity extraction routine 70 extracts infrared intensity data I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} of each pixel for each image frame from image data included in a moving image file recorded on the hard disk 85 (where (n) is a frame (I, j) is an index indicating the position of the pixel on the image).

The temperature data extraction routine 71 extracts temperature data T ⁽ⁿ⁾ corresponding to each image frame from the data converted into the corresponding character string by the line data conversion routine 68 described above.

The temperature correction routine 72 is based on the infrared intensity data I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} of each pixel for each image frame and the temperature data T ^{(n) of} the measurement object corresponding to each of these image frames. Data I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} was obtained by normalizing with respect to infrared emissivity for each pixel of each image frame

Image data D ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} (temperature image data) obtained by normalizing the infrared emissivity for each pixel of each image frame is generated.

The corrected moving image file recording routine 74 generates a corrected moving image file based on the image data D ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} normalized to each pixel of each image frame by the temperature correction routine 72 and records it on the hard disk 85. .

<< Example 1 of temperature correction processing >>
Among the infrared intensity data corresponding to the plurality of image frames extracted by the infrared intensity extraction routine 70, the infrared intensity data corresponding to the nth image frame corresponds to I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} , n + 1th image frame. Infrared intensity data is I ^{(n + 1)} _{i, j} (where (n), (n + 1) are frame numbers; i, j are indices indicating pixel positions on the image) and extracted by the temperature data extraction routine 71 Among the temperature data of the measurement object corresponding to the plurality of image frames, T ⁽ⁿ⁾ is the temperature data corresponding to the nth image frame, and infrared intensity data I ^{(n + 1)} corresponding to the ^{(n + 1)} th image frame obtained by normalizing _{i and j} with respect to infrared emissivity for each pixel

<Description of Formula (A)>
The relationship of the following equation (A1) is established between the infrared intensity data I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} and the temperature data T ^{(n) according} to the Stefan-Boltzmann law.
I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} = ρ _{i, j} σ (T ⁽ⁿ⁾ ) ⁴ = ki _{, j} (T ⁽ⁿ⁾ ) ⁴ ... (A1)
(Where T ⁽ⁿ⁾ is the Kelvin temperature: unit [K]; σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant; ρ _{i, j} is the infrared emissivity)

Incidentally, _{k i} in equation _(A1), a _j, effective emissivity _{k i} for each _pixel, and _j.

The effective emissivity k _{i, j} of each pixel is calculated by dividing the infrared intensity data I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} of the nth frame by the temperature data T ⁽ⁿ⁾ of the nth frame.

Divide the infrared intensity data I ^{(n + 1)} _{i, j} of the ^{(n + 1) th} frame by this effective emissivity k _{i, j} .

The

From a series of these calculations

  That is, formula (A) can be obtained.

Therefore, the formula (A) includes a calculation of dividing the infrared intensity data I ^{(n + 1)} _{i, j} of the ^{(n + 1) th} frame by the effective emissivity k _{i, j} , and the corrected temperature calculated by the formula (A) data

<< Example 2 of temperature correction processing >>
Among the infrared intensity data corresponding to the plurality of image frames extracted by the infrared intensity extraction routine 70, the infrared intensity data corresponding to the nth image frame corresponds to I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} , n + 1th image frame. The infrared intensity data is I ^{(n + 1)} _{i, j} , and the infrared intensity data corresponding to the ^{(n + 2)} th image frame is I ^{(n + 2)} _{i, j} (where (n), (n + 1), (n + 2) are frame numbers; i, j are indices indicating pixel positions on the image), and correspond to the nth image frame among the temperature data of the measuring object C corresponding to the plurality of image frames extracted by the temperature data extraction routine 71. ^{t (n)} the temperature data, the temperature data corresponding to the (n + 1) th image frame and ^{t (n + 1),} to respond to the (n + 2) -th image frame Infrared intensity data ^{I (n +} _{2) i,} each pixel _j

Calculated by

<Description of Formula (B)>
The relationship of the following equation (A1) is established between the infrared intensity data I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} and the temperature data T ^{(n) according} to the Stefan-Boltzmann law.
I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} = ρ _{i, j} σ (T ⁽ⁿ⁾ ) ⁴ = ki _{, j} (T ⁽ⁿ⁾ ) ⁴ ... (B1)
(Where T ⁽ⁿ⁾ is the Kelvin temperature: unit [K]; σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant; ρ _{i, j} is the infrared emissivity)

Incidentally, _{k i} in equation _(B1), a _j, effective emissivity _{k i} for each _pixel, and _j.

The expression (B1) is expanded in the vicinity of a certain temperature t _{0 and} is subjected to a first-order approximation, and the infrared intensity data I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} of the nth frame and the infrared intensity data I ^{(n + 1)} _i, ^{n of the (n + 1) th} frame _. Taking the difference from _j , the following equation (B2) is obtained.
I ^{(n + 1)} _{i, j} −I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} = τ · k _{i, j} (t ^{(n + 1)} −t ⁽ⁿ⁾ (B2)
(However, T ⁽ⁿ⁾ = t ₀ + t ⁽ⁿ⁾ , τ = 4 × t ₀ ³ )

The effective emissivity k _{i, j} of each pixel is calculated by the following equation (B3) obtained from the equation (B2).
By this effective emissivity k _{i, j} , infrared intensity data I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} , I ^{(n + 2)} _{i, j of} the nth and n + 2 frames.

Correction temperature data which is a temperature value corrected for emissivity in the (n + 2) th frame

  That is, formula (B) can be obtained.

Therefore, equation (B) includes a calculation that divides the infrared intensity data I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} , I ^{(n + 2)} _{i, j} of the n, n + 2 frame by the effective emissivity k _{i, j} , Correction temperature calculated by equation (B)

[Thermal analysis procedure]
Next, a thermal analysis procedure related to a change in physical property with respect to a temperature change of the measurement object C by the thermal analysis system 200 will be described.

[Measurement]
First, the data image recording apparatus main body 51, the temperature controller 52, the infrared camera 56, and the personal computer PC are activated to start the thermal analysis process.

  Next, the temperature controller control software 61 is started on the personal computer PC, and, for example, the temperature of the measuring object C increases linearly with respect to time on the window of the temperature controller controller software 61. The control of the temperature control unit 55 is set so as to.

  When the recording / playback software 62 is started on the personal computer PC, an image signal output from the video output terminal of the data image recording apparatus main body 51 (a signal synthesized by the signal synthesis means 32 shown in FIG. 2) is converted into a video capture board. An image taken in by the personal computer PC via 84 and photographed by the infrared camera 56 is displayed on the window of the recording / reproducing software 62.

  Note that the video output signal output from the infrared camera 56 is preferably a digital signal such as LVDS. However, even if the video output signal output from the infrared camera 56 is an analog signal such as NTSC, the video output signal is ultimately video. Since it is converted into digital data (image data) quantized by the capture board 84, the video output signal output from the infrared camera 56 may be an analog signal such as NTSC.

Further, in this image data, measurement data including temperature data T ⁽ⁿ⁾ measured at the recording start time of each image frame is recorded as line data.

  The image is recorded (recorded) as a moving image file on the hard disk 85 by the recording / playback software 62 until the series of control of the temperature control unit 55 by the temperature control controller control software 61 is completed.

  Note that the start and end of control of the temperature control unit 55 by the temperature control controller control software 61 and the start and end of recording by the recording / playback software 62 may be linked.

[Data analysis]
Next, the image analysis software 63 is activated on the personal computer PC, and the recorded data is analyzed for the moving image file recorded on the hard disk 85.

  Specifically, the image reproduction program 64 reproduces an image recorded as a moving image file, extracts line data recorded in each image frame from this image, and converts the extracted line data into a corresponding character string. Then, the converted character string or the like is displayed on the window of the monitor 60.

In the thermal analysis system 200 according to the second embodiment, the following temperature correction process is performed by the emissivity correction program 65.
(Temperature correction processing)

  FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a detailed flow of the temperature correction process.

As shown in FIG. 13, the infrared intensity extraction routine 70 extracts infrared intensity data I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} of each pixel from image data included in a moving image file recorded on the hard disk 85 (infrared intensity extraction process ( Step S1)).

Then, the temperature data extraction routine 71 extracts temperature data T ⁽ⁿ⁾ corresponding to each image frame converted by the line data conversion routine 68 (temperature data extraction process (step S2)).

Next, the temperature correction routine 72 performs infrared intensity data (I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} ) of each pixel for each image frame and temperature data (T ⁽ⁿ⁾ ) of the measurement object corresponding to each of these image frames. The infrared intensity data (I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} ) is positive for the infrared emissivity for each pixel of each image frame.
(Temperature correction process (step S3)).

Normalized image data generation process (step S4)).

Further, the corrected moving image file recording routine 74 generates a corrected moving image file based on the image data D ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} normalized with respect to the infrared emissivity for each pixel by the normalized image data generation processing, and stores it in the hard disk 85. Recording (corrected moving image file recording process (step S5)).

<Operational effects of this embodiment>
When the corrected moving image file recorded in this way is reproduced, it can be displayed on the monitor 60 as a temperature image that is normalized with respect to the infrared emissivity and is only information of the temperature that is not affected by the infrared emissivity.

  For example, when the temperature controller 83 is controlled to gradually decrease the temperature of the temperature sensor 83 by controlling the temperature controller control software 61, the measurement object C placed on the placement portion 81 begins to freeze at a certain moment and starts to freeze. A slight fever occurs at the moment.

  When such temperature control is performed, since a temperature image is displayed on the monitor 60, slight heat generation is displayed on the image due to, for example, a difference in brightness or color, so that changes in physical properties such as phase transition are monitored. In addition to being clearly visible on the screen 60, it is possible to obtain an accurate temperature at the timing when a change in physical properties (a change on an image) occurs.

  In addition, for example, when heat is applied to the measurement object C, the difference in temperature for each minute region corresponding to each pixel in the measurement object C can be visually observed on the monitor 60. The flow can be grasped.

  Furthermore, it is possible to perform thermal analysis by arbitrarily extracting a part of each image frame later, such as acquiring only the temperature at the timing when the measurement object C starts to freeze after being photographed by the infrared camera 56.

  As described above, the data image recording apparatus 100 according to the present invention records the physical quantity measurement data as image information for each image frame of the captured image, so that when the captured image is analyzed later, the captured image of each image frame is captured. Since the timing of acquisition corresponds to the timing of acquisition of measurement data, it is possible to grasp an accurate physical quantity when a change appears on the image.

  In this embodiment, the emissivity correction program 65 installed in the personal computer PC extracts and analyzes the measurement data recorded as line data in the image while reproducing the image. It is possible to generate a temperature image in which the emissivity correction is performed on each pixel of the obtained image.

  As described above, according to the thermal analysis system 200 according to the present invention, the physical quantity measurement data can be recorded as image information for each image frame of the captured image, and therefore the measurement data written in the recorded image can be stored later. In addition, accurate analysis can be performed for each image frame at the time of shooting.

[Embodiment 3]
Conventionally, methods for measuring the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of an object to be measured using AC heat flux have been known (see Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, etc.).

In the invention described in Patent Document 2, the temperature on the back side and the surface side of the measurement object are measured in a state where an AC heat flux is generated from the back side to the front side of the measurement object by a heater or the like, The phase difference Δθ between the AC temperature change on the back side of the measured object and the AC temperature change on the surface side is acquired, and the thermal diffusivity α of the measurement object is derived based on the following equation: .

  However, (pi) is a circumference, f is the frequency of the alternating-current heat applied with a heater etc., d is the thickness of a measuring object.

Further, the thermal conductivity λ is expressed by the following equation from the thermal diffusivity α, density ρ, and specific heat capacity c of the measurement object.
λ = ρ ・ c ・ α
Is derived by

  By the way, also in the thermal analysis system 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, measurement is performed by the temperature sensor 83 while AC heat is applied from the back side (temperature sensor 83 side) of the measurement object C by controlling the temperature adjustment unit 55. The temperature on the back side of the object C is measured, the infrared radiation intensity on the surface side of the measurement object C is measured by the infrared camera 56 and recorded as data, and the back side of the measurement object C is recorded from these recorded data. It is possible to analyze the temperature change and the temperature change on the surface side.

  In general, in the measurement of the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of an object to be measured using AC heat flux, the frequency of the AC heat applied varies depending on the material and thickness of the object to be measured. The frame rate of a general infrared camera is 30 frames per second while it is about several [Hz] to several hundred [Hz].

  For this reason, in the thermal analysis system 200 according to the second embodiment, the number of pieces of temperature data per cycle of the AC temperature change of the measurement target C is about 0 to 30, so only the temperature data for one cycle is used. In order to accurately reproduce the sinusoidal waveform of the AC temperature change, the number of temperature data is insufficient.

  In order to accurately obtain the phase difference Δθ between the AC temperature change on the back side of the measurement object C and the AC temperature change on the surface side, it is necessary to accurately obtain the time (peak time) at which the AC temperature change peaks. Therefore, the thermal analysis system 200 according to the second embodiment cannot accurately calculate the thermal diffusivity α and the thermal conductivity λ.

  Therefore, in the third embodiment, the data order of the measurement data is rearranged and referred to so that the value of at least one measurement data among the plurality of measurement data including the infrared intensity data for each image frame is substantially continuous. Thus, information required for calculating the target thermophysical quantity is obtained from the plurality of rearranged measurement data.

  Specifically, it is obtained by normalizing the temperature data of the temperature on the back surface side of the measuring object C measured by the temperature sensor 83 and the infrared radiation intensity on the front surface side of the measuring object C measured by the infrared camera 56. By rearranging the data order so that each temperature data accurately reproduces a sinusoidal waveform, the phase difference Δθ of these AC temperature changes is obtained, and based on this, the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity are derived. To do.

[Overall configuration of thermal analysis system]
FIG. 11 shows an overall configuration of a thermal analysis system 300 (thermal analysis apparatus) according to the third embodiment.

  Regarding [the overall configuration of the thermal analysis system], [temperature controller], [configuration of the computer system (personal computer)], [connection of the thermal analysis system], and [configuration of the data image recording apparatus main body] of the thermal analysis system 300, Since it is the same as that of the thermal analysis system 200 according to the second embodiment, the description thereof is omitted here.

[Software configuration on the PC]
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the configuration of software installed in the hard disk 85 of the personal computer main body 57 according to the third embodiment, and the arrows shown in FIG. 14 indicate the flow of data.

  As shown in FIG. 14, temperature control controller control software 61, recording / playback software 62, and image analysis software 63 are preinstalled in the hard disk 85. Software 61 and recording / reproducing software 62 have the same configuration as that of the second embodiment.

  The image analysis software 63 includes an image reproduction program 64, an emissivity correction program 65, and a thermophysical quantity calculation program 90 (thermophysical quantity calculation program). The emissivity correction program 65 has the same configuration as that of the second embodiment.

The thermophysical quantity calculation program 90 is temperature data T ⁽ⁿ⁾ of the temperature on the back surface side of the measuring object C measured by the temperature sensor 83 (hereinafter referred to as “sensor side temperature data T ⁽ⁿ⁾ ”). And a measurement object calculated based on the infrared intensity data I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} obtained by the infrared camera 56

  The thermophysical quantity calculation program 90 includes an offset routine 91 (offset means), a data complement routine 92 (data complement means), a peak time acquisition routine 93 (peak time acquisition means), and a phase difference acquisition routine 94 (phase difference acquisition). Means) and a thermophysical quantity calculation routine 95 (thermophysical quantity calculation means).

The offset routine 91 includes the sensor side temperature data T ⁽ⁿ⁾ and the surface side temperature data.
Process.

The data complement routine 92 is a sensor that has been offset processed by the offset routine 91.
The temperature data included in each of the plurality of sampling periods is extracted, and the extracted temperature data is rearranged and overlapped, and temperature data for at least one sampling period is obtained. By complementing, sensor side temperature data T ⁽ⁿ⁾
Generate complementary data for.

  Then, the peak time acquisition routine 93 acquires, for the two sets of complementary data generated by the data supplementation routine 92, the time (peak time) when the AC temperature change peaks.

  The phase difference acquisition routine 94 calculates the phase difference between these two sine waveforms based on the peak times of the two sets of complementary data acquired by the peak time acquisition routine 93.

  Further, the thermophysical quantity calculation routine 95 is preliminarily measured with the phase difference between the two sine waveforms acquired by the phase difference acquisition routine 94 and the AC heat frequency set by the temperature controller controller control software 61 or the like. The thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of the measurement object C are calculated based on the thickness, density, and specific heat capacity of the measurement object C input in advance by operating the thermophysical quantity calculation program 90.

[Thermal analysis procedure]
Next, a thermal analysis procedure related to a change in thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity with respect to a temperature rise of the measurement object C by the thermal analysis system 300 will be described.

  More specifically, in this thermal analysis, the measurement object C measured by the thermal analysis system 300 while adding an AC heat flux having a positive gradient as a whole to the measurement object C as shown in FIG. Changes in thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity before and after melting of the measuring object C are calculated from the temperature on the back surface side and the temperature on the surface side of the measuring object C calculated based on the infrared intensity acquired by the infrared camera 56. measure.

[Measurement]
First, the data image recording apparatus main body 51, the temperature controller 52, the infrared camera 56, and the personal computer PC are activated to start the thermal analysis process.

  Next, the temperature control controller control software 61 is started on the personal computer PC, and the control of the temperature control unit 55 is set on the window of the temperature control controller control software 61.

In the present embodiment, the temperature adjustment element (here, Peltier element) 82 adjusts the temperature so that an AC heat flux (period: T _th ) having a positive gradient as shown in FIG. The unit 55 is controlled.

  When the recording / reproducing software 62 is activated on the personal computer PC, an image photographed by the infrared camera 56 is displayed on the window of the recording / reproducing software 62.

In the image data of this image, measurement data including sensor side temperature data T ⁽ⁿ⁾ measured at the recording start time of each image frame is recorded as line data.

  Then, this image is recorded (recorded) as a moving image file on the hard disk 85 by the recording / reproducing software 62.

[Data analysis]
Next, the image analysis software 63 is activated on the personal computer PC, and the recorded data is analyzed for the moving image file recorded on the hard disk 85.

  First, temperature correction processing is performed on the moving image file recorded on the hard disk 85 by the emissivity correction program 65.

The emissivity correction program 65 calculates the infrared emissivity based on the infrared intensity data (I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} ).
D ^{(n) A} corrected moving image file is generated based on _{i, j} , and the generated corrected moving image file is recorded on the hard disk 85.

However, for example, pixel data extracted from a specific pixel among the plurality of pixels may be used, or the pixel data of the plurality of pixels may be used after performing an appropriate averaging process. Also good.

[Thermophysical amount calculation processing]
FIG. 16 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of thermophysical quantity calculation processing by the thermophysical quantity calculation program.
FIG. 17B shows a graph of a sine wave obtained by performing offset processing on the graph shown in FIG. 17A.

As described above, since the AC heat flux having a positive gradient as a whole as shown in FIG. 15 is applied to the measurement object C, the graph showing the relationship between the sensor side temperature data T ⁽ⁿ⁾ and the time t. Even the table
Thus, a sine waveform having a positive slope is obtained.

(Offset processing)
For each of these, a temperature rise component which is an unnecessary component for phase difference extraction is offset to obtain sinusoidal temperature data as shown in FIG. 17B (step S11).

FIG. 18A shows a sine waveform of the sensor side temperature data T ⁽ⁿ⁾ after the offset processing.

(Data supplement processing)
Next, the data complementing routine 92 is offset processed by the offset routine 91.
Complement processing is performed (step S12).

This data complementing process will be described with reference to FIGS. 19A to 19C showing the method of the data complementing process in the case of T _th ≧ T _fr as shown in FIG.

First, the data complement routine 92 is offset processed by the offset routine 91.
The sample is divided at a sampling period T _s equal to the bundle period T _th (see FIG. 17B).

Assuming that the periods divided in this way are a sampling period (1), a sampling period (2),..., For example, as shown in FIG. T ₁₁ , T ₁₂ , T ₁₃ ,... Are included, and the sampling period (2) includes temperature data T ₂₁ , T ₂₂ , T ₂₃ ,.

Next, the data complementing routine 92 performs the sampling start time of each sampling period (1), (2),... And the first temperature data T ₁₁ , T _21,. The time deviations (time shift amounts) t ₁ , t ₂ ,... Between the acquisition times of... _Are calculated based on the AC heat flux period T _th and the image frame acquisition period T _fr .

Then, as shown in FIGS. 19A to 19C, the data complementing routine 92 performs temperature data T ₁₁ , T ₁₂ , T ₁₃ ,... Included in the divided sampling period (1) (FIG. 19 (a)). )) And the temperature data T ₂₁ , T ₂₂ , T ₂₃ ,... (See FIG. 19B) included in the sampling period (2), respectively, from the reference time, the time shift amounts t ₁ , t ₂ ,. Are overlapped with each other shifted in time (see FIG. 19C).

  FIG. 19A is a diagram of temperature data extracted for the sampling period (1) in the sine wave after the offset processing shown in FIG. 17B, and FIG. 19B is a diagram of FIG. FIG. 19C shows the temperature data extracted for the sampling period (2) in the sine wave after the offset processing shown in FIG. 19C. FIG. 19C shows the temperature data shown in FIG. 19A and FIG. It is the figure which superimposed the temperature data.

  As shown in FIG. 19 (c), the temperature data included in one cycle of the AC heat flux can be increased approximately twice by the above-described data interpolation processing.

  In the present embodiment, such a superposition of data is performed for several cycles to several tens of cycles, for example, to reproduce a dense sine waveform.

《Example of calculating time deviation》
As shown in FIG. 17B, when the magnitude relationship between the AC heat flux period T _th and the image frame acquisition period T _fr is T _th ≧ T _fr , the time shift amount of the sampling period (n) t _n is obtained by the following equation (C1).
In addition, as shown in FIG. 20, there is a large difference between the AC heat flux period T _th and the image frame acquisition period T _fr.
It is calculated | required by (C2).
However, [] is a Gaussian symbol, and [x] represents the maximum integer not exceeding the real number x.

When T _th ≦ T _fr shown in FIG. 20, the temperature data included in each sampling period is
It is the data acquisition time of the first temperature data.

By the way, in the thermal analysis system 300 of the present embodiment, AC heat is applied from the temperature sensor 83 side, and this AC heat is transmitted from the temperature sensor 83 side to the surface side of the measurement object C.
A time delay as shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B occurs with respect to the waveform.

  Further, the amplitude of the temperature on the surface side of the measuring object C is actually smaller than the amplitude of the temperature on the sensor side of the measuring object C due to the attenuation of the temperature, but FIGS. 18A and 18B. The graph shown in Fig. 6 is normalized so that the respective amplitudes coincide with each other.

  By extracting the time (peak time) at which these sine waveforms are peaked, the phase difference Δθ [rad] of these sine waveforms can be calculated.

(Peak time acquisition processing)
The peak time acquisition routine 93 includes two sets of complements generated by the data complement routine 92.
Each time (peak time) when the waveform reaches a peak is acquired (step S13).

Since a precise sine waveform is obtained by the complement routine 92, an accurate peak time can be acquired by the peak time acquisition routine 93.

(Phase difference acquisition process)
The phase difference acquisition routine 94 includes two sets of complements acquired by the peak time acquisition routine 93.
Then, the phase difference Δθ [rad] between these two sine waveforms is calculated (step S14).

(Thermophysical amount calculation processing)
The thermophysical quantity calculation routine 95 is measured in advance with the phase difference Δθ between the two sine waveforms acquired by the phase difference acquisition routine 94 and the AC heat frequency f set by the temperature controller control software 61 or the like. From the thickness d, density ρ, and specific heat capacity c of the measurement object C input by operating the thermophysical quantity calculation program 90 in advance, the thermal diffusivity α of the measurement object C and The thermal conductivity λ is calculated (step S15).
In the thermal analysis system 300 according to the third embodiment, infrared intensity data I ⁽ⁿ⁾ _{i, j} for each pixel.
It is possible to calculate the thermal diffusivity and the thermal conductivity for each pixel.

  The data of thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of each pixel calculated in this way may be output as a numerical table for each time series (that is, for each image frame), but the number of data is enormous. In the thermal analysis system 200 of the present embodiment, the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of each pixel are displayed in correspondence with the pixel color of the display image, so that the thermal diffusivity and the thermal conductivity distribution are displayed in color. It is configured to display as an image.

<Operational effects of this embodiment>
With such a configuration, the thermal diffusivity and the thermal conductivity distribution are visualized, and the thermal diffusivity and the thermal conductivity distribution can be intuitively grasped.

  In addition, by plotting thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity data for a specific pixel or image area on a graph for each time series (that is, for each image frame), the thermal diffusivity and heat The change in conductivity can also be examined.

  In the measurement according to the present embodiment, since an AC heat flux having a positive gradient as a whole is added to the measurement target C, measurement is performed using a linear component having a positive gradient among the components of the heat flux input to the measurement target C. The temperature of the object C gradually rises, and the melting of the object C to be measured starts at a certain time.

  For example, the measurement object C is melted by simultaneously referring to the image of the corrected moving image file normalized with respect to the infrared emissivity and the above-described color diffusivity and thermal conductivity distribution image. It is possible to confirm changes in thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity before and after melting while visually checking the temperature.

  As described above, in the thermal analysis system 300 according to the third embodiment, it is possible to measure changes in thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity associated with changes in physical properties such as phase transition, and the phase of thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity can be measured. You can examine dependencies on the state.

  In addition, since the sine waveform is accurately reproduced by the data complementing routine 92, an accurate peak time can be acquired by the peak time acquisition routine 93, and an accurate phase difference of each sine waveform can be acquired by the phase difference acquisition routine 94. The physical quantity calculation routine 95 can calculate the accurate thermal diffusivity and / or thermal conductivity of the measurement object based on this accurate phase difference.

  As a result, for example, the data can be complemented by superimposing data of several cycles to several tens of cycles of AC heat. Therefore, even with a general infrared camera whose frame rate is not so large, accurate heat The diffusivity and / or thermal conductivity can be calculated.

  In the thermal analysis system 300 of the third embodiment, the temperature on the surface side of the measurement object C is accurately determined from the infrared image data on the surface side of the measurement object C photographed by the infrared camera 56 by the emissivity correction program 65. By being able to measure, calculation of the exact thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of the measuring object C is possible.

  As shown in the present embodiment, in the thermal analysis device of the present invention, the data order is set so that the value of at least one measurement data among a plurality of measurement data including infrared intensity data for each image frame is substantially continuous. By rearranging and referring to the information, it is possible to obtain information necessary for calculating the target thermophysical property amount from the plurality of rearranged measurement data.

  Specifically, in the present embodiment, the “order of data order so that the measurement data values are substantially continuous” is “temperature data rearrangement” and the above “required information” "Is the phase difference Δθ between the AC temperature change on the back side and the AC temperature change on the surface side of the object C to be measured, and the" target thermophysical quantity "is" thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity ". However, in the thermal analysis apparatus of the present invention, the physical quantity for rearranging the data order does not necessarily need to be temperature, and the physical quantity need not have periodicity with respect to time.

  For example, by rearranging the display order of the image frames in the order in which the value of certain measurement data increases or decreases monotonously, the change in the image generated in the measurement object C due to the increase or decrease in the measurement data is monitored 60. Can also be confirmed.

  As described above, in the thermal analysis device of the present invention, the acquisition timing of the image frame of the captured image is synchronized with the acquisition timing of the physical quantity measured and recorded in the image data as line data. By reordering the display order of the image frames so that certain measured data is substantially continuous, pay attention to at least one physical quantity in the measured physics and respond to this change in physical quantity. It is possible to analyze how the captured image changes.

1 Infrared camera (photographing means)
2 Measuring sensor (measuring means)
3 Data Image Recording Device Body 31 Synchronization Signal Separation Unit 32 Signal Synthesis Unit 33 Clock Signal Generation Unit 34 Signal Generation Unit 35 Analog Switch 100 Data Image Recording Device A Measurement Object

Claims (10)

Photographing means for photographing the measurement object as a movie;
Measuring means for measuring a physical quantity related to the measurement object;
Synchronization signal separation means for separating the synchronization signal from the video signal from the photographing means;
The measurement data measured by the measuring means is acquired for each image frame of the moving image based on the synchronization signal, binarized so as to be bright and dark on the image, synthesized with the video signal, and output. a signal combining means, and
The signal synthesizing means outputs the measurement data binarized into light and dark so as to be displayed at a position on the at least one scanning line of the image frame corresponding to the measurement data so as not to interfere with the video signal. A characteristic data image recording apparatus. 2. The data image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a scanning line on which the binarized measurement data is displayed is a top scanning line of each image frame. The signal synthesizing unit converts the measurement data into a signal synchronized with the video signal based on the synchronization signal and generates the video signal from the photographing unit based on the synchronization signal. The data image recording apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an analog switch that cuts off a signal and outputs a signal generated by the signal generation unit. A data image recording apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A computer capable of converting and recording a video signal in which the measurement data is combined by the data image recording apparatus into image data and capable of performing arithmetic processing on the converted image data and the measurement data included in the image data. A thermal analysis device comprising a system,
An image reproducing means for displaying an image recorded as the moving image; and a binarized data extracting means for extracting the measurement data binarized brightly and darkly from the image data;
A thermal analysis apparatus comprising image reproduction software having binary data conversion means for converting the measurement data binarized into light and dark into corresponding character string data. Obtain a video signal obtained by shooting the measurement object as a movie and physical quantity measurement data related to the measurement object,
The measurement data is acquired for each image frame of the moving image based on a synchronization signal separated from the video signal,
Binarize so that it is light and dark on the image,
A data image recording method comprising: synthesizing and outputting the video signal at a position that does not interfere with the video signal. The photographing means is an infrared image photographing means for photographing an infrared image,
The measuring means as a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the measurement object,
Infrared intensity extraction means for extracting infrared intensity data of each pixel for each image frame from the image data of the infrared image;
Measurement data extraction means for extracting temperature data of the measurement object as the measurement data from the image data;
Based on the infrared intensity data of each pixel for each image frame and the temperature data of the measurement object corresponding to each image frame, the infrared intensity data is normalized with respect to the infrared emissivity for each pixel of each image frame. Temperature correction means for calculating the obtained corrected temperature data;
The image analysis software having normalized image data generation means for generating image data obtained by normalizing the infrared emissivity for each pixel of each image frame based on the corrected temperature data is mounted. The thermal analyzer according to claim 4, wherein The temperature of the measurement object synthesized and recorded using the data image recording method according to claim 5 for each image frame of image data acquired by infrared image photographing means for photographing an infrared image of the measurement object as a moving image. Based on the data and infrared intensity data of each pixel of the at least one image frame, an effective infrared emissivity corresponding to each pixel of the image frame is calculated,
Dividing the infrared intensity data of each pixel of the image frame by the effective infrared emissivity to calculate corrected infrared intensity data obtained by normalizing the infrared intensity data of each pixel of the image frame with respect to the effective infrared emissivity And
A method for normalizing image data, comprising: calculating corrected temperature data normalized for each pixel of the image frame based on the corrected infrared intensity data. The data order of the at least one measurement data is rearranged and referred to so that the value of at least one measurement data of the plurality of measurement data including the infrared intensity data for each image frame is substantially continuous. The thermal analyzer according to claim 6. Measurement data as temperature data obtained by measuring the temperature of the back side of the measurement object by the temperature sensor while applying AC heat from the back side of the measurement object, and the surface side of the measurement object by the infrared image photographing means A thermal analysis device for analyzing measurement data as infrared radiation intensity data obtained by measuring the infrared radiation intensity of
The data order is set so that the temperature data of the temperature on the back side of the measurement object and the temperature data obtained by normalizing the infrared radiation intensity data on the surface side of the measurement object accurately reproduce a sine waveform, respectively. Data complementing means for data complementing by rearranging and superposing,
Peak time acquisition means for acquiring a peak time at which the sine waveform peaks from data indicated by the two sets of sine waveforms that have been data-complemented by the data complementing means;
Phase difference acquisition means for acquiring a phase difference of each sine waveform from each peak time of the two sets of sine waveforms acquired by the peak time acquisition means;
Thermophysical quantity calculation means for calculating thermal diffusivity and / or thermal conductivity based on the phase difference between the two sets of sinusoidal waveforms acquired by the phase difference acquisition means;
The thermal analysis apparatus according to claim 8, comprising: Using the data image recording method according to claim 5,
A method for displaying a recorded image, wherein the display order of image frames is rearranged and displayed so that a value of at least one of the plurality of measurement data is substantially continuous.