JP5560521B2 - Nematic liquid crystal composition - Google Patents
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- JP5560521B2 JP5560521B2 JP2007254122A JP2007254122A JP5560521B2 JP 5560521 B2 JP5560521 B2 JP 5560521B2 JP 2007254122 A JP2007254122 A JP 2007254122A JP 2007254122 A JP2007254122 A JP 2007254122A JP 5560521 B2 JP5560521 B2 JP 5560521B2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 0 CC(*)(CCS)c1ccc(C)cc1 Chemical compound CC(*)(CCS)c1ccc(C)cc1 0.000 description 4
- -1 bicyclohexane compound Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000005407 trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])[C@]([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]1([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZWXIQHBIQLMPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromane Chemical group C1=CC=C2CCCOC2=C1 VZWXIQHBIQLMPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylcyclohexane Chemical class C1CCCCC1C1CCCCC1 WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012769 display material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
Description
本発明は電気光学的液晶表示材料として有用な誘電率異方性が負のネマチック晶組成物およびこれを用いた液晶表示装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a nematic composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy useful as an electro-optical liquid crystal display material, and a liquid crystal display device using the same.
表示品位が優れていることから、アクティブマトリクス型液晶表示装置が携帯端末、液晶テレビ、プロジェクタ、コンピューター等の市場に出されている。アクティブマトリクス表示方式は、画素毎にTFT(薄膜トランジスタ)あるいはMIM(メタル・インシュレータ・メタル)等が使われており、この方式には高電圧保持率であることが重要視されている。また、更に広い視角特性を得るためにVA、IPS、OCBモードと組み合わせたTFT表示やより明るい表示を得るためにECBモードの反射型が提案されている。この様な表示素子に対応するために、現在も新しい液晶化合物又は液晶組成物の提案がなされている(特許文献1及び2参照)。 Because of its excellent display quality, active matrix liquid crystal display devices are put on the market for portable terminals, liquid crystal televisions, projectors, computers and the like. In the active matrix display method, TFT (thin film transistor) or MIM (metal insulator metal) is used for each pixel, and high voltage holding ratio is regarded as important for this method. In order to obtain a wider viewing angle characteristic, a TFT display combined with VA, IPS, and OCB modes and a reflection type in ECB mode have been proposed to obtain a brighter display. In order to cope with such a display element, a new liquid crystal compound or liquid crystal composition is still proposed (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
近年、VAモードを採用した液晶テレビが本格的に普及し始めており、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶化合物及びそれを用いた液晶組成物が数多く開示されている。しかしながら、液晶テレビに用いる場合表示素子として構成した場合の応答速度が特に重視されることから、従来の液晶組成物では十分要求に応えられないのが現状である。例えば、ビシクロヘキサン化合物を用いた液晶組成物(特許文献3及び4参照)においては、応答速度に大きく関与する液晶組成物の粘度低減にはある程度の効果を有する。しかし、応答速度を重視しビシクロヘキサン系の化合物の含有量を増やした場合、液晶組成物の低温における安定性が損なわれ、粘性においても市場の要求を未だ満たしてはいなかった。
一方、応答速度を改善するために、側鎖にアルケニル基を導入したビシクロヘキサン系化合物を用いた液晶組成物を使用した場合には、耐光性の点で十分ではない問題があった。
これらの問題点を改善するために、
In recent years, liquid crystal televisions employing the VA mode have begun to spread in earnest, and a number of liquid crystal compounds having negative dielectric anisotropy and liquid crystal compositions using the same have been disclosed. However, since the response speed when configured as a display element is particularly emphasized when used in a liquid crystal television, the conventional liquid crystal composition cannot sufficiently meet the requirements. For example, a liquid crystal composition using a bicyclohexane compound (see Patent Documents 3 and 4) has a certain effect on reducing the viscosity of a liquid crystal composition that is largely involved in response speed. However, when the response speed is emphasized and the content of the bicyclohexane compound is increased, the stability of the liquid crystal composition at a low temperature is impaired, and the viscosity has not yet satisfied the market demand.
On the other hand, when a liquid crystal composition using a bicyclohexane compound in which an alkenyl group is introduced into the side chain is used in order to improve the response speed, there is a problem that the light resistance is not sufficient.
To improve these issues,
すなわち、誘電率異方性が負の液晶組成物に関して、応答速度の改善と耐光性及び低温安定性を改善するには至っておらず、これらを同時に解決した誘電率異方性が負の液晶組成物を得ることは困難であった。 In other words, liquid crystal compositions having a negative dielectric anisotropy have not yet improved response speed, light resistance and low-temperature stability, and the liquid crystal compositions having a negative dielectric anisotropy have been solved simultaneously. It was difficult to get things.
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、液晶テレビ用途に適した高速応答かつ耐光性と低温安定性に優れた誘電率異方性が負の液晶組成物を提供すること、及び、これを使用した液晶表示素子を提供することにある。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition having a high-speed response, light resistance and low-temperature stability suitable for liquid crystal television applications and having a negative dielectric anisotropy, and using the same The object is to provide a liquid crystal display element.
本発明は、上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、第一成分として式(1) The present invention, as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the formula (1) as the first component
本発明の液晶化合物の組み合わせによって、液晶テレビに求められる諸特性を満たしつつ、高速応答かつ耐光性と低温安定性に優れたアクティブマトリクス型液晶表示素子用液晶組成物が得られた。これにより、表示品位を維持又は改善しつつ、高信頼性であることに起因した長寿命の液晶表示素子が提供され、特に透過モードの液晶テレビ用アクティブマトリックス型液晶表示素子として非常に有用である。 By combining the liquid crystal compounds of the present invention, a liquid crystal composition for an active matrix type liquid crystal display device having high-speed response, excellent light resistance and low-temperature stability while satisfying various characteristics required for a liquid crystal television was obtained. This provides a liquid crystal display element having a long lifetime due to high reliability while maintaining or improving display quality, and is particularly useful as an active matrix liquid crystal display element for a liquid crystal television in a transmission mode. .
本発明における液晶組成物において、式(1)で表される化合物を含有するが5〜25%含有することが好ましい。
又、第二成分として誘電率異方性Δεが負でその絶対値が3よりも大きな化合物を含有するが、第二成分が、一般式(2)又は(3)
The liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains the compound represented by the formula (1), but preferably 5 to 25%.
Further, the second component contains a compound having a negative dielectric anisotropy Δε and an absolute value larger than 3, but the second component is represented by the general formula (2) or (3)
本発明の液晶組成物は、式(1)で表される化合物を5〜25%含有し、一般式(2)又は一般式(3)で表される化合物を5〜75%含有することが好ましい。
The liquid crystal composition of the present invention may contain 5 to 25% of the compound represented by the formula (1) and 5 to 75% of the compound represented by the general formula (2) or the general formula (3). preferable.
又、本発明の液晶組成物は式(1)、一般式(2)及び(3)を同時に含有することがより好ましい。 Further, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention more preferably contains the formula (1), the general formulas (2) and (3) at the same time.
一般式(2)及び(3)において、R1〜R4はそれぞれ独立して炭素数1〜15のアルキル基を表すが、炭素数1〜5のアルキル基であることがより好ましい。 In the general formulas (2) and (3), R 1 to R 4 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
B1〜B4はそれぞれ独立してフッ素置換されていても良いトランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン基又は1,4-フェニレン基を表すが、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン基がより好ましい。 B 1 to B 4 each independently represents a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group which may be fluorine-substituted, but the trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group is more preferable.
L1〜L4はそれぞれ独立して単結合、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-COO-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-、又はCF2O-を表すが、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-がより好ましい。 L 1 to L 4 are each independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, — (CH 2 ) 4 —, —COO—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, or CF. 2 O— represents a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O— is more preferable.
m+n及びo+pはそれぞれ独立して0、1、2又は3を表すが、1又は2がより好ましい。
更に具体的には、一般式(2)で表される化合物は、一般式(2-1)又は(2-2)で表される化合物であることがより好ましい。
m + n and o + p each independently represents 0, 1, 2 or 3, with 1 or 2 being more preferred.
More specifically, the compound represented by the general formula (2) is more preferably a compound represented by the general formula (2-1) or (2-2).
一般式(4)又は(5)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上含有する場合、2種以上含有することが好ましく、2種〜10種含有することがより好ましい。
一般式(4)又は(5)で表される化合物の含有量は、5〜80%含有することが好ましく、10〜60%含有することがより好ましく、20〜50%含有することが特に好ましい。
When the compound represented by the general formula (4) or (5) is contained in one kind or two or more kinds, it is preferably contained in two or more kinds, and more preferably in two to ten kinds.
The content of the compound represented by the general formula (4) or (5) is preferably 5 to 80%, more preferably 10 to 60%, and particularly preferably 20 to 50%. .
R5〜R8はそれぞれ独立して炭素数1〜10のアルキル基又はアルコキシル基を表すが、炭素数1〜5のアルキル基又はアルコキシル基がより好ましい。
L5〜L8はそれぞれ独立して単結合、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-又はCF2O-を表すが、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-がより好ましい。
X6〜X7はそれぞれ独立してH、F又はClを表すが、-H又はFがより好ましく、X1=X2=Fが特に好ましい。
R 5 to R 8 each independently represents an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is more preferable.
L 5 to L 8 each independently represents a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, — (CH 2 ) 4 —, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, or CF 2 O—. Are more preferably a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, — (CH 2 ) 4 —, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—.
X 6 to X 7 each independently represent H, F, or Cl, more preferably —H or F, and particularly preferably X 1 = X 2 = F.
更に詳述すると、一般式(4)で表される化合物は、一般式(4-1)〜(4-7)で表される化合物であることがより好ましい。 More specifically, the compound represented by the general formula (4) is more preferably a compound represented by the general formulas (4-1) to (4-7).
―上記の化合物以外に通常のネマチック液晶、スメクチック液晶又はコレステリック液晶等を含有しても良い。 -In addition to the above-mentioned compounds, normal nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, cholesteric liquid crystal, or the like may be contained.
本発明の液晶組成物において、ネマチック相-等方性液体相転移温度(TN-I)は60〜120℃であるが、70〜105℃がより好ましく、75〜95℃が特に好ましい。固体相又はスメクチック相-ネマチック相転移温度(T→N)は-80〜-20℃であるが、-20℃以下であることがより好ましく、-30℃以下であることが特に好ましい。25℃における屈折率異方性(Δn)は0.05〜0.15であるが、0.07〜0.13であることがより好ましく、0.08〜0.11であることが特に好ましい。25℃における誘電率異方性(Δε)は-1.5〜-8.0であるが、-1.5〜-5.0であることがより好ましく、-1.5〜-3.5であることが特に好ましい。 In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (T NI ) is 60 to 120 ° C, more preferably 70 to 105 ° C, and particularly preferably 75 to 95 ° C. The solid phase or smectic phase-nematic phase transition temperature (T → N ) is -80 to -20 ° C, more preferably -20 ° C or less, and particularly preferably -30 ° C or less. The refractive index anisotropy (Δn) at 25 ° C. is 0.05 to 0.15, more preferably 0.07 to 0.13, and particularly preferably 0.08 to 0.11. The dielectric anisotropy (Δε) at 25 ° C. is −1.5 to −8.0, more preferably −1.5 to −5.0, and particularly preferably −1.5 to −3.5.
本発明の液晶組成物は液晶表示素子に有用であるが、アクティブマトリクス駆動用液晶表示素子に特に有用であり、透過モード、反射モード又は半透過モード用液晶表示素子に用いることができる。 The liquid crystal composition of the present invention is useful for a liquid crystal display element, but is particularly useful for a liquid crystal display element for driving an active matrix, and can be used for a liquid crystal display element for a transmission mode, a reflection mode, or a transflective mode.
以下、例を挙げて本発明を更に詳述するが、本発明はこれらによって限定されるものではない。また、「%」は「質量%」を意味する。 Hereinafter, although an example is given and the present invention is explained still in full detail, the present invention is not limited by these. “%” Means “% by mass”.
TN-I :ネマチック相-等方性液体相転移温度(℃)を液晶相上限温度とする
T→N :固体相又はスメクチック相-ネマチック相転移温度(℃)を液晶相下限温度とする。
Δε :25℃における誘電率異方性
Δn :25℃における屈折率異方性
η :20℃における粘性
VHR(UV) :紫外線照射後の25℃における電圧保持率(%)
(なお、電圧保持率の測定条件は、印加電圧5V、フレーム時間16.5ms、パルス幅64μsecである。紫外線照射ランプには三菱電機オスラム株式会社製FL15BL-360を使用し、液晶を注入したVAモードセル(セル厚3.5um、配向膜RN-1517)に紫外線を60分間照射した。)
T NI : Nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (℃) is the upper limit temperature of liquid crystal phase
T → N : The solid phase or smectic phase-nematic phase transition temperature (° C.) is set as the liquid crystal phase lower limit temperature.
Δε: dielectric anisotropy at 25 ° C. Δn: refractive index anisotropy at 25 ° C. η: viscosity at 20 ° C.
VHR (UV): Voltage holding ratio at 25 ° C after UV irradiation (%)
(Note that the measurement conditions of the voltage holding ratio are applied voltage 5V, frame time 16.5ms, pulse width 64μsec. The UV irradiation lamp uses FL15BL-360 manufactured by Mitsubishi Electric OSRAM Co., Ltd., and VA mode in which liquid crystal is injected. The cell (cell thickness 3.5um, alignment film RN-1517) was irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 60 minutes.)
化合物の記載に下記の略号を使用する。
n- CnH2n+1-
-2- -CH2CH2-
-1O- -CH2O-
-O1- -OCH2-
-On -OCnH2n+1
ndm- CnH2n+1-C=C-(CH2)m-1-
The following abbreviations are used in the description of compounds.
n- C n H 2n + 1-
-2- -CH 2 CH 2 -
-1O- -CH 2 O-
-O1- -OCH 2-
-On -OC n H 2n + 1
ndm- C n H 2n + 1 -C = C- (CH 2 ) m-1-
本発明の液晶組成物である実施例1(No.1)と比較例1(R1)、比較例2(R2)の組成と物性値を表1に示す。 Table 1 shows the compositions and physical properties of Example 1 (No. 1), Comparative Example 1 (R1), and Comparative Example 2 (R2), which are liquid crystal compositions of the present invention.
実施例1(No.1)は、液晶テレビに求められる物性値を満たしており、なおかつ、VHR(UV)の値が良好であった。一方、比較例1(R1)の液晶組成物は特許文献5記載の比較例3であり、式(1)及び一般式(3)で表される化合物を含まず、VHR(UV)の値も低かった。比較例2(R2)は応答速度を改善するために粘性の低いビシクロヘキサン系化合物を多く用いた液晶組成物であるが、T→Nが-5℃と高すぎ、低温安定性の観点から実用的ではない。以上のことから、本発明の液晶組成物である実施例1(No.1)は液晶テレビに求められる諸特性を満たしつつ、耐光性に優れており、また、低温安定性も良く、長寿命のアクティブマトリクス型液晶表示素子として非常に有用であることがわかる。
更に実施例2(No.2)及び比較例3(R3)の組成と物性値を表2に示す。
Example 1 (No. 1) satisfied the physical property values required for a liquid crystal television, and the VHR (UV) value was good. On the other hand, the liquid crystal composition of Comparative Example 1 (R1) is Comparative Example 3 described in Patent Document 5, does not include the compounds represented by Formula (1) and General Formula (3), and has a VHR (UV) value of It was low. Comparative Example 2 (R2) is a liquid crystal composition that uses a lot of low-viscosity bicyclohexane compounds to improve response speed, but T → N is too high at -5 ° C and is practical from the viewpoint of low-temperature stability. Not right. From the above, Example 1 (No. 1), which is a liquid crystal composition of the present invention, satisfies various properties required for a liquid crystal television, has excellent light resistance, has good low-temperature stability, and has a long lifetime. It can be seen that the present invention is very useful as an active matrix type liquid crystal display element.
Further, Table 2 shows the composition and physical property values of Example 2 (No. 2) and Comparative Example 3 (R3).
実施例2(No.2)は実施例1同様に諸特性を満たしており、非常に有用であることが確認された。一方、比較例3(R3)の液晶組成物は特許文献5記載の比較例4であり、本発明の条件を満たさず、VHR(UV)も低いことがわかる。
更に実施例3(No.3)及び実施例4(No.4)、実施例5(No.5)の組成と物性値を表3に示す。
Example 2 (No. 2) satisfied various characteristics like Example 1, and was confirmed to be very useful. On the other hand, the liquid crystal composition of Comparative Example 3 (R3) is Comparative Example 4 described in Patent Document 5, which does not satisfy the conditions of the present invention and shows that VHR (UV) is low.
Further, Table 3 shows the compositions and physical property values of Example 3 (No. 3), Example 4 (No. 4), and Example 5 (No. 5).
実施例3(No.3)、実施例4(No.4)、実施例5(No.5)は本発明の好ましい条件を満たしており、非常に有用であることが確認された。 Example 3 (No. 3), Example 4 (No. 4), and Example 5 (No. 5) satisfied the preferable conditions of the present invention and were confirmed to be very useful.
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WO2010057575A1 (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-05-27 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Liquid crystalline medium |
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WO2012039321A1 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-03-29 | シャープ株式会社 | Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device |
DE102012003796A1 (en) | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-20 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Liquid crystalline medium |
JP5598742B1 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-10-01 | Dic株式会社 | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device using the same |
KR101595519B1 (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2016-02-18 | 디아이씨 가부시끼가이샤 | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element using same |
JP6488623B2 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2019-03-27 | Jnc株式会社 | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element |
CN109072079B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2020-02-14 | Dic株式会社 | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element |
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